For release 10:00 a.m. (EDT) Friday, May 14, 2010 USDL-10-0646
Technical information: (202) 691-6569 * oesinfo@bls.gov * www.bls.gov/oes
Media contact: (202) 691-5902 * PressOffice@bls.gov
OCCUPATIONAL EMPLOYMENT AND WAGES -- MAY 2009
Retail salespersons, cashiers, general office clerks, combined food prepara-
tion and serving workers, and registered nurses were among the occupations
with the highest employment in 2009, the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics re-
ported today. Occupations with the lowest employment included watch repairers,
astronomers, and radio operators. Employment and wage information for all oc-
cupations is shown in table 1.
These data are from the Occupational Employment Statistics (OES) program,
which provides employment and wage estimates for wage and salary workers in
22 major occupational groups and 801 detailed occupations. OES produces data
by occupation for the nation, states, metropolitan areas, metropolitan divi-
sions, and nonmetropolitan areas, and by occupation and industry for the
nation. Data are available from the OES homepage at www.bls.gov/oes.
In addition to the occupations mentioned above, the largest occupations in-
cluded customer service representatives; elementary school teachers, except
special education; and general maintenance and repair workers. Occupations
with employment of more than 700,000 in 2009 are shown in table 4. These
occupations accounted for 46 percent of total U.S. employment, with the 10
largest occupations representing over 20 percent of total employment. Occu-
pations with employment of 4,000 or less are shown in table 5. These occu-
pations, which included historians, gaming managers, and motorboat operators,
represented less than 0.1 percent of total U.S. employment.
While some of the largest occupations were concentrated in specific indus-
tries, others were more widely distributed across industries. For example,
although 80 percent of teacher assistants worked in elementary and second-
ary schools, the largest employer of general office clerks--local govern-
ment--employed only about 7 percent of this occupation.
Most of the largest occupations were relatively low paying. Thirty of the
40 occupations in table 4 had average wages below the U.S. mean of $20.90
per hour or $43,460 annually. These occupations included cashiers, with an
hourly mean wage of $9.15, and combined food preparation and serving workers
($8.71); both also were among the lowest paying occupations overall. Large
occupations with above average wages included general and operations man-
agers ($53.15); registered nurses ($31.99); and sales representatives, whole-
sale and manufacturing, except technical and scientific products ($29.52).
In contrast, the small occupations in table 5 included a more even mix of
high- and low-paying occupations. Nineteen of these 42 occupations had
wages above the U.S. average, including commercial divers ($27.91), agri-
cultural engineers ($35.89), and industrial-organizational psychologists
($49.31). Seventeen occupations had below average wages, including seg-
mental pavers ($13.81) and dredge operators ($18.43). The remaining six oc-
cupations had wages similar to the U.S. average.
Major Occupational Group Employment and Wages
More than half of the 40 largest occupations were in 4 occupational groups:
food preparation and serving, sales, office and administrative support, or
transportation and material moving. Nine office and administrative support
occupations, with combined employment of about 14.9 million, appear in
table 4, making office and administrative support the group with both the
largest number of occupations in the table and the highest total employment
in those occupations. Five food preparation and serving related occupations
appear in the table, with combined employment of approximately 7.5 million.
Although only 4 of the 40 largest occupations were in the sales group, com-
bined employment in these 4 occupations was over 10.2 million, reflecting
in part the high employment levels for retail salespersons (4.2 million) and
cashiers (3.4 million). Office and administrative support and sales and re-
lated were also the 2 largest occupational groups overall, with total employ-
ment of 22.3 million and 13.7 million, respectively. (See table 2.)
Many of the small occupations in table 5 were specialized installation, main-
tenance, and repair; production; or transportation and material moving occu-
pations, such as refractory materials repairers, wood model makers, and shut-
tle car operators. Though these occupational groups also included some of the
largest occupations, such as team assemblers and construction laborers, these
large occupations tended to involve more general job duties than those listed
in table 5. Ten of the 42 smallest occupations were in the computer and math-
ematical science; architecture and engineering; and life, physical, and so-
cial science groups. These occupations included mathematicians, political sci-
entists, and agricultural engineers. Life, physical, and social science was
also one of the smallest occupational groups overall, along with arts, design,
entertainment, sports, and media; legal; and farming, fishing, and forestry
occupations.
The occupational groups with the highest mean hourly wages included manage-
ment occupations ($49.47), legal occupations ($46.07), and computer and math-
ematical science occupations ($36.68). Among the lowest paying occupational
groups were food preparation and serving related occupations ($10.04); farming,
fishing, and forestry occupations ($11.53); personal care and service occupa-
tions ($11.87); and building and grounds cleaning and maintenance occupations
($12.00). (See table 3.)
While some occupational groups were highly concentrated in specific industry
sectors, others were distributed more evenly across sectors. For example, near-
ly 89 percent of employment in education, training, and library occupations was
found in the educational services sector, and about 88 percent of employment in
healthcare support occupations was found in the health care and social assis-
tance sector. In contrast, although retail trade, finance and insurance, and
health care and social assistance were among the largest employers of office
and administrative support occupations, no single sector employed more than
12.3 percent of this group.
Detailed Occupational Employment and Wages by Detailed Industry
In addition to the occupational group and industry sector data, OES data are
available for detailed occupations and industries. For example, table 6 shows
employment and wages by industry for laborers and hand freight, stock, and
material movers. Employment in this occupation was widely distributed across
industries. The employment services industry, which includes temporary help
services, employed the highest number of laborers and hand freight, stock, and
material movers, but less than 14 percent of this occupation was employed in
this industry. Other large employers of this occupation were warehousing and
storage; other general merchandise stores, which include warehouse clubs and
supercenters; grocery and related product merchant wholesalers; and general
freight trucking, each representing less than 7 percent of employment in this
occupation. The mean hourly wage for laborers and hand freight, stock, and
material movers in these industries ranged from $9.29 in other general mer-
chandise stores to $13.78 in general freight trucking.
Although employment services employed a relatively small percentage of all
laborers and hand freight, stock, and material movers, it was the largest oc-
cupation in the employment services industry, representing about 11 percent of
industry employment. (See table 7.) Most of the largest occupations in this
industry were also among the largest occupations overall, including registered
nurses; customer service representatives; secretaries, except legal, medical,
and executive; general office clerks; construction laborers; team assemblers;
and hand packers and packagers. Of the occupations in table 7, employment, re-
cruitment, and placement specialists had the lowest national employment across
all industries and was the most concentrated in employment services: of the
198,000 jobs in this occupation, nearly 39 percent were found in this industry.
Most of the largest occupations in the employment services industry had wages
below the U.S. average. The exceptions were registered nurses and employment,
recruitment, and placement specialists, which had mean hourly wages in this
industry of $33.71 and $25.61, respectively.
Occupational Employment and Wages by State and Area
OES data also allow comparison of occupational employment and wages across
states and metropolitan areas. Tables 8 and 9 show the states and metropoli-
tan areas with the highest employment and highest employment concentrations
of four selected detailed occupations. Areas with high total employment also
tend to be among the largest employers of any individual occupation, while em-
ployment concentrations reflect factors other than overall employment levels,
such as the industry mix. For example, California employed more janitors than
any other state, with 199,070 jobs in this occupation; and Nevada, although it
employed fewer total janitors than California, had one of the highest employment
concentrations in this occupation, with janitors representing over 24 jobs out
of every 1,000 in the state. The District of Columbia and Hawaii also had among
the highest concentrations of janitors, while New York had both one of the high-
est employment levels and one of the highest employment concentrations of this
occupation. (See table 8.)
California, Texas, and New York, which were among the largest employers of sev-
eral of the selected occupations, were also the three largest states in terms of
total employment. On the other hand, Indiana was one of the largest employers of
team assemblers primarily because of its high employment concentration in this
occupation: total employment in Indiana was approximately one-fifth of that in
California, but its employment concentration of 20.3 team assemblers per 1,000
jobs was over 3 times as high as in California. New York, Ohio, and North
Carolina had both high employment levels and high employment concentrations of
home health aides, while several Southern states had among the highest employ-
ment concentrations of cashiers.
Although all of the selected occupations in table 8 had national mean wages be-
low the U.S. average, wages for each occupation varied across states. For exam-
ple, among the states shown in the table, mean wages for janitors varied from
$9.79 in Texas to $13.51 in New York, and mean wages for cashiers varied from
$8.03 in Louisiana to $10.85 in California.
At the metropolitan area level, as at the state level, areas with high employ-
ment of the selected occupations also tended to have high overall employment
levels. (See table 8.) Chicago-Naperville-Joliet, Ill., and Houston-Sugar Land-
Baytown, Texas, were among the areas with the highest employment of all of the
selected occupations, while New York-White Plains-Wayne, N.Y.-N.J., and Los
Angeles-Long Beach-Glendale, Calif., were among the areas with the highest em-
ployment of 3 out of the 4 occupations. These were also among the largest met-
ropolitan areas or metropolitan divisions in the United States in terms of
total employment.
In several cases, the metropolitan areas with high employment concentrations
of specific occupations reflected the state data shown in table 8. For example,
Nevada had one of the highest concentrations of janitors; approximately 78 per-
cent of the state's janitors were employed in the Las Vegas-Paradise metropoli-
tan area, which also had one of the highest employment concentrations of this
occupation. Four of the areas with high concentrations of team assemblers were
located in states with high concentrations of this occupation: Elkhart-Goshen,
Ind.; Lafayette, Ind.; Spartanburg, S.C.; and Tuscaloosa, Ala. Similarly, three
metropolitan areas in North Carolina--Goldsboro, Fayetteville, and Rocky Mount--
had among the highest concentrations of home health aides, as did the state as a
whole. Brownsville-Harlingen, Texas, and Duluth, Minn.-Wis., also had high em-
ployment concentrations of this occupation. While the Chicago-Naperville-Joliet,
Ill., metropolitan division had one of the highest employment levels for cash-
iers, another metropolitan area in Illinois--Kankakee-Bradley--reported one of
the highest employment concentrations of this occupation. Palm Coast, Fla., and
Bay City, Mich., also had high concentrations of cashiers.
Wages for the selected occupations varied by metropolitan area. For example,
among the metropolitan areas shown, mean wages for cashiers ranged from $7.86
in Anniston-Oxford, Ala., to $10.54 in Los Angeles-Long Beach-Glendale, Calif.,
while wages for team assemblers ranged from $11.68 in Rocky Mount, N.C., to
$25.14 in Tuscaloosa, Ala.
Additional Information
The Occupational Employment Statistics program produces cross-industry occupa-
tional employment and wage estimates nationwide and for all states, 377 metro-
politan areas, 34 metropolitan divisions, and 174 nonmetropolitan areas. OES
also publishes national industry-specific occupational employment and wage es-
timates for NAICS sectors and 3-, 4- , and selected 5-digit industries. In
addition to mean hourly and annual wages, wage data include 10th, 25th, 50th
(median), 75th, and 90th percentile wages, which can be used to show the dis-
tribution of wages within an occupation or industry. OES data are produced by a
cooperative effort between BLS and State Workforce Agencies, and are based on a
sample of 1.2 million business establishments, collected in 6 semiannual panels
over a 3-year period. Complete May 2009 Occupational Employment Statistics data
are available from the OES Web site at www.bls.gov/oes.
Technical Note
Scope of the survey
The Occupational Employment Statistics (OES) survey is a semiannual mail
survey measuring occupational employment and wage rates for wage and salary
workers in nonfarm establishments in the United States. Guam, Puerto Rico,
and the Virgin Islands also are surveyed, but their data are not included in
this release. OES estimates are constructed from a sample of about 1.2 mil-
lion establishments. Each year forms are mailed to two semiannual panels of
approximately 200,000 sampled establishments, one panel in May and the other
in November. May 2009 estimates are based on responses from six semiannual
panels collected over a 3-year period: May 2009, November 2008, May 2008,
November 2007, May 2007, and November 2006. The overall national response
rate for the six panels is 78.2 percent based on establishments and 74.5
percent based on employment.
The occupational coding system
The May 2009 OES estimates are based on the Office of Management and Bud-
get’s 2000 Standard Occupational Classification (SOC) system. The OES sur-
vey categorizes workers into 801 detailed occupations. Together, these de-
tailed occupations make up 22 of the 23 major occupational groups. Military
specific occupations are not included in the OES survey. The major groups
are as follows:
Management occupations
Business and financial operations occupations
Computer and mathematical science occupations
Architecture and engineering occupations
Life, physical, and social science occupations
Community and social services occupations
Legal occupations
Education, training, and library occupations
Arts, design, entertainment, sports, and media occupations
Healthcare practitioner and technical occupations
Healthcare support occupations
Protective service occupations
Food preparation and serving related occupations
Building and grounds cleaning and maintenance occupations
Personal care and service occupations
Sales and related occupations
Office and administrative support occupations
Farming, fishing, and forestry occupations
Construction and extraction occupations
Installation, maintenance, and repair occupations
Production occupations
Transportation and material moving occupations
Military specific occupations (not surveyed in OES)
For more information about the SOC system, please see the Bureau of Labor
Statistics (BLS) Web site at www.bls.gov/soc/.
The industry coding system
The OES survey uses the North American Industry Classification System (NAICS).
Since May 2008, OES estimates and survey data have been based on the 2007 NAICS.
Earlier panel data and estimates were based on the 2002 NAICS. For more infor-
mation about NAICS, see the BLS Web site at www.bls.gov/bls/naics.htm.
The OES survey includes establishments in NAICS sectors 11 (logging and agri-
cultural support activities only), 21, 22, 23, 31-33, 42, 44-45, 48-49, 51, 52,
53, 54, 55, 56, 61, 62, 71, 72, 81 (except private households), state government,
and local government. The U.S. Postal Service and the executive branch of the
federal government also are included. An establishment is defined as an economic
unit that produces goods or provides services, such as a factory, mine, or store.
The establishment is generally at a single physical location and is engaged pri-
marily in one type of economic activity.
The OES survey covers all full- and part-time wage and salary workers in non-
farm industries. The survey does not include the self-employed, owners and part-
ners in unincorporated firms, household workers, or unpaid family workers.
Survey sample
BLS funds the survey and provides the procedures and technical support, while
the State Workforce Agencies (SWAs) collect most of the data. BLS produces cross-
industry and industry-specific estimates for the nation, states, metropolitan sta-
tistical areas (MSAs), metropolitan divisions, and nonmetropolitan areas. Indus-
try-specific estimates are produced at the NAICS sector, 3-digit, 4-digit, and se-
lected 5-digit industry levels. BLS releases all cross-industry and national esti-
mates; many SWAs release industry-specific estimates at the state and MSA levels.
State unemployment insurance (UI) files provide the universe from which the OES
survey draws its sample. Employment benchmarks are obtained from reports submitted
by employers to the UI program. Supplemental sources are used for rail transport-
ation (NAICS 4821) and Guam because they do not report to the UI program. The OES
survey sample is stratified by metropolitan and nonmetropolitan areas and industry.
The 2000 Metropolitan Statistical Area standards were used to define the metropoli-
tan areas.
An annual census is taken of the executive branch of the federal government, the
U.S. Postal Service, state government, and Hawaii's local government. In order to
provide the most occupational coverage, larger employers are more likely to be se-
lected than smaller employers. The unweighted employment of sampled establishments
across all six semiannual panels represents approximately 60.5 percent of total
national employment.
Concepts
Occupational employment is the estimate of total wage and salary employment in
an occupation across the industries surveyed. The OES survey defines employment
as the number of workers who can be classified as full- or part-time employees, in-
cluding workers on paid vacations or other types of paid leave; workers on unpaid
short-term absences; salaried officers, executives, and staff members of incorpor-
ated firms; employees temporarily assigned to other units; and employees for whom
the reporting unit is their permanent duty station regardless of whether that unit
prepares their paycheck.
The OES survey forms sent to larger establishments, generally those with 20 or
more workers, contain between 50 and 225 SOC occupations selected on the basis of
the sampled establishment's industry classification. To reduce paperwork and re-
spondent burden, no survey form contains every SOC occupation. Thus, data for spe-
cific occupations are collected primarily from establishments in industries that
are the predominant employers of workers in those occupations. Each survey form is
structured, however, to allow a respondent to provide detailed occupational infor-
mation for each worker at the establishment; that is, unlisted occupations can be
added to the survey form. Smaller establishments, generally those with fewer than
20 workers, are sent a form with no occupations listed, and are instructed to fill
in the occupations for their workers.
Wages for the OES survey are straight-time, gross pay, exclusive of premium pay.
Base rate, cost-of-living allowances, guaranteed pay, hazardous-duty pay, incentive
pay including commissions and production bonuses, tips, and on-call pay are included.
Excluded are back pay, jury duty pay, overtime pay, severance pay, shift differen-
tials, nonproduction bonuses, employer cost for supplementary benefits, and tuition
reimbursements.
OES receives an annual census of Federal Government and U.S. Postal Service data
including wage rates. For non-federal establishments, the OES survey collects wage
data in 12 intervals. Employers report the number of employees in an occupation for
each wage range. The wage intervals used for the May 2009 survey are as follows:
May 2009 wage intervals
------------------------------------------------------
|
| Wages
Interval |-----------------------------------------
| Hourly | Annual
------------|-------------------|---------------------
Range A | Under $9.25 | Under $19,240
Range B | $9.25 to $11.49 | $19,240 to $23,919
Range C | $11.50 to $14.49 | $23,920 to $30,159
Range D | $14.50 to $18.24 | $30,160 to $37,959
Range E | $18.25 to $22.74 | $37,960 to $47,319
Range F | $22.75 to $28.74 | $47,320 to $59,799
Range G | $28.75 to $35.99 | $59,800 to $74,879
Range H | $36.00 to $45.24 | $74,880 to $94,119
Range I | $45.25 to $56.99 | $94,120 to $118,559
Range J | $57.00 to $71.49 | $118,560 to $148,719
Range K | $71.50 to $89.99 | $148,720 to $187,199
Range L | $90.00 and over | $187,200 and over
------------------------------------------------------
Mean hourly wage. The mean hourly wage rate for an occupation is the total wages
that all workers in the occupation earn in an hour divided by the total employment of
the occupation.
For data from non-federal establishments: Total weighted non-federal hourly wages
are summed across all intervals. The occupation's weighted survey non-federal em-
ployment is also summed. The mean wage for each interval is based on occupational
wage data collected by the BLS Office of Compensation and Working Conditions for the
National Compensation Survey (NCS). With the exception of the highest wage interval,
mean wage rates for each panel are calculated using NCS data for the panel's refer-
ence year. The lower boundary of the highest wage interval in May 2009 was $90.00.
The mean hourly wage for this interval was calculated using the average of the 2006,
2007, and 2008 NCS data.
For federal workers: The hourly wages for an occupation within an establishment
are summed to get total federal wages. Federal employment for that occupation within
that establishment is also summed to get total federal employment. The total wages
and total employment across all establishments in the occupation for the estimation
level of interest are summed.
Mean Wage = Total Non-Federal Wages + Total Federal Wages
-------------------------------------------------------
Total Non-Federal Employment + Total Federal Employment
Percentile wage. The p-th percentile wage rate for an occupation is the wage
where p percent of all workers earn that amount or less and where (100-p) percent
of all workers earn that amount or more. This statistic is calculated by first
distributing federal and non-federal workers inside each wage interval: Federal
workers are distributed throughout the wage intervals according to their wage
rates, while non-federal workers are distributed uniformly within each wage inter-
val. Next, workers are ranked from lowest paid to highest paid. Finally, the
product of the total employment for the occupation and the desired percentile is
calculated to determine the worker that earns the p-th percentile wage rate.
Annual wage. Many employees are paid at an hourly rate by their employers and
may work more than or less than 40 hours per week. Annual wage estimates for most
occupations in this release are calculated by multiplying the mean hourly wage by a
"year-round, full-time" figure of 2,080 hours (52 weeks by 40 hours). Thus, annual
wage estimates may not represent the actual annual pay received by the employee if
they work more or less than 2,080 hours per year. Some workers typically work less
than 40 hours per week, year round. For these occupations, the OES survey collects
and reports either the annual salary or the hourly wage rate, depending on how the
occupation is typically paid, but not both. For example, teachers, flight attend-
ants, and pilots may be paid an annual salary, but do not work the usual 2,080 hours
per year. In this case, an annual salary is reported. Other workers, such as enter-
tainment workers, are paid hourly rates, but generally do not work 40 hours per
week, year round. For these workers, only an hourly wage is reported.
Hourly versus annual wage reporting. For each occupation, respondents are asked
to report the number of employees paid within specific wage intervals. The inter-
vals are defined both as hourly rates and the corresponding annual rates, where the
annual rate for an occupation is calculated by multiplying the hourly wage rate by a
typical work year of 2,080 hours. The responding establishment can reference either
the hourly or the annual rate for full-time workers, but they are instructed to re-
port the hourly rate for part-time workers.
Estimation methodology
With the exception of the May 2008 panel, each OES panel includes approximately
200,000 establishments. Due to budget constraints, the May 2008 sample was reduced
to approximately 174,000 establishments. The OES survey is designed to produce esti-
mates using six panels (3 years) of data. The full six-panel sample of nearly 1.2
million establishments allows the production of estimates at detailed levels of geo-
graphy, industry, and occupation.
Wage updating. Significant reductions in sampling errors are obtained by com-
bining six panels of data, particularly for small geographic areas and occupations.
Wages for the current panel need no adjustment. However, wages in the five previous
panels need to be updated to the current panel's reference period.
The OES program uses the BLS Employment Cost Index (ECI) to adjust survey data
from prior panels before combining them with the current panel's data. The wage up-
dating procedure adjusts each detailed occupation's wage rate, as measured in the
earlier panel, according to the average movement of its broader occupational divi-
sion. The procedure assumes that there are no major differences by geography, indus-
try, or detailed occupation within the occupational division. The wage rates for the
highest wage interval are not updated.
Imputation. About 20 percent of establishments do not respond for a given panel.
A "nearest neighbor" hot deck imputation procedure is used to impute missing occupa-
tional employment totals. A variant of mean imputation is used to impute missing
wage distributions. The variant of mean imputation for wage distributions also is
applied to establishments that provide reports with occupational totals but partial
or missing wage data.
Weighting and benchmarking. The sampled establishments in each panel are weighted
to represent all establishments that were part of the in-scope frame from which the
panel was selected. Based on the sampled establishments, sampling weights are ad-
justed when six panels are combined. Sampling weights are further adjusted by the
ratio of employment totals (the average of November 2008 and May 2009 employment)
from the BLS Quarterly Census of Employment and Wages to employment totals from the
OES survey.
May 2009 OES survey estimates. The May 2009 OES survey estimates are based on all
data collected from establishments in the May 2009, November 2008, May 2008, November
2007, May 2007, and November 2006 semiannual sample panels.
Reliability of the estimates. Estimates calculated from a sample survey are sub-
ject to two types of error: sampling and nonsampling. Sampling error occurs when es-
timates are calculated from a subset (that is, a sample) of the population instead of
the full population. When a sample of the population is surveyed, there is a chance
that the sample estimate of the characteristic of interest may differ from the popula-
tion value of that characteristic. Differences between the sample estimate and the
population value will vary depending on the sample selected. This variability can be
estimated by calculating the standard error (SE) of the sample estimate. If we were
to repeat the sampling and estimation process countless times using the same survey
design, approximately 90 percent of the intervals created by adding and subtracting
1.645 SEs from the sample estimate would include the population value. These inter-
vals are called 90-percent confidence intervals. The OES survey, however, usually
uses the relative standard error (RSE) of a sample estimate instead of its SE to mea-
sure sampling error. RSE is defined as the SE of a sample estimate divided by the
sample estimate itself. This statistic provides the user with a measure of the rela-
tive precision of the sample estimate. RSEs are calculated for both occupational em-
ployment and mean wage rate estimates. Occupational employment RSEs are calculated
using a sub-sample, random group replication technique called the jackknife. Mean
wage rate RSEs are calculated using a variance components model that accounts for
both the observed and unobserved components of the wage data. The variances of the
unobserved components are estimated using wage data from the BLS National Compensa-
tion Survey. In general, estimates based on many establishments have lower RSEs
than estimates based on few establishments. If the distributional assumptions of
the models are violated, the resulting confidence intervals may not reflect the pre-
scribed level of confidence.
Nonsampling error occurs for a variety of reasons, none of which are directly con-
nected to sampling. Examples of nonsampling error include: nonresponse, data incor-
rectly reported by the respondent, errors in the administrative data used to create
the sampling frame, mistakes made in entering collected data into the database, and
mistakes made in editing and processing the collected data. Every attempt is made
to minimize nonsampling error through survey methods such as data editing, imputation
methods, and benchmarking of data to current employment totals.
Table 1. National employment and wage data from the Occupational Employment Statistics survey by occupation, May 2009
Occupation Employment Mean wages Median hourly
Hourly Annual(1)
All occupations 130,647,610 20.90 43,460 15.95
Management occupations 6,116,380 49.47 102,900 42.95
Chief executives 297,640 80.43 167,280 77.27
General and operations managers 1,689,680 53.15 110,550 44.55
Legislators 65,750 (2) 37,530 (2)
Advertising and promotions managers 35,760 46.96 97,670 39.60
Marketing managers 169,330 57.73 120,070 52.90
Sales managers 328,980 53.64 111,570 46.53
Public relations managers 53,270 48.97 101,850 43.12
Administrative services managers 243,580 39.20 81,530 36.31
Computer and information systems managers 287,210 58.00 120,640 54.67
Financial managers 495,180 54.68 113,730 48.65
Compensation and benefits managers 35,630 45.78 95,230 42.33
Training and development managers 29,320 45.37 94,360 42.35
Human resources managers, all other 62,990 50.73 105,510 46.42
Industrial production managers 147,250 45.03 93,650 40.90
Purchasing managers 65,080 46.59 96,910 43.96
Transportation, storage, and distribution managers 92,380 41.09 85,470 38.22
Farm, ranch, and other agricultural managers 3,250 31.13 64,760 28.58
Farmers and ranchers 520 20.53 42,710 15.55
Construction managers 204,760 44.85 93,290 39.58
Education administrators, preschool and child care center/program 51,140 23.16 48,170 19.74
Education administrators, elementary and secondary school 219,280 (2) 87,390 (2)
Education administrators, postsecondary 105,900 45.84 95,340 39.81
Education administrators, all other 28,710 38.53 80,140 35.54
Engineering managers 178,110 59.04 122,810 56.25
Food service managers 190,250 24.71 51,400 22.70
Funeral directors 25,820 29.04 60,390 26.14
Gaming managers 3,390 35.59 74,030 32.40
Lodging managers 31,660 25.72 53,500 22.26
Medical and health services managers 271,710 43.74 90,970 39.35
Natural sciences managers 44,180 61.06 127,000 55.08
Postmasters and mail superintendents 24,890 28.65 59,600 28.26
Property, real estate, and community association managers 150,850 28.20 58,660 23.30
Social and community service managers 113,760 29.44 61,240 27.21
Managers, all other 369,170 47.64 99,100 44.52
Business and financial operations occupations 6,063,670 31.68 65,900 28.32
Agents and business managers of artists, performers, and athletes 11,700 42.04 87,430 29.76
Purchasing agents and buyers, farm products 11,690 30.02 62,450 25.56
Wholesale and retail buyers, except farm products 116,900 26.68 55,480 23.39
Purchasing agents, except wholesale, retail, and farm products 281,910 28.15 58,550 26.35
Claims adjusters, examiners, and investigators 273,930 28.26 58,780 27.46
Insurance appraisers, auto damage 10,960 27.01 56,180 26.63
Compliance officers, except agriculture, construction, health and safety, and
transportation 247,900 26.49 55,100 23.92
Cost estimators 197,330 29.42 61,190 27.55
Emergency management specialists 13,060 27.36 56,900 25.28
Employment, recruitment, and placement specialists 198,190 26.21 54,530 22.21
Compensation, benefits, and job analysis specialists 111,890 28.13 58,520 26.74
Training and development specialists 205,020 26.59 55,310 25.06
Human resources, training, and labor relations specialists, all other 219,240 28.40 59,070 27.14
Logisticians 100,420 33.85 70,400 32.67
Management analysts 552,770 40.70 84,650 36.18
Meeting and convention planners 51,530 23.11 48,060 21.53
Business operations specialists, all other 1,036,450 31.71 65,960 29.14
Accountants and auditors 1,106,980 32.42 67,430 29.01
Appraisers and assessors of real estate 64,770 25.73 53,520 23.00
Budget analysts 60,970 33.29 69,240 32.05
Credit analysts 67,950 32.32 67,230 27.63
Financial analysts 235,240 40.98 85,240 35.42
Personal financial advisors 149,460 45.28 94,180 32.79
Insurance underwriters 98,430 30.45 63,330 27.80
Financial examiners 26,050 38.01 79,070 34.49
Loan counselors 30,360 19.68 40,930 17.94
Loan officers 298,200 30.39 63,210 26.38
Tax examiners, collectors, and revenue agents 69,500 25.87 53,800 23.34
Tax preparers 61,130 17.34 36,060 14.45
Financial specialists, all other 153,720 31.16 64,810 28.05
Computer and mathematical science occupations 3,303,690 36.68 76,290 35.05
Computer and information scientists, research 26,130 50.66 105,370 48.83
Computer programmers 367,880 35.91 74,690 34.10
Computer software engineers, applications 495,500 43.35 90,170 42.06
Computer software engineers, systems software 385,200 46.45 96,620 44.94
Computer support specialists 540,560 22.77 47,360 21.30
Computer systems analysts 512,720 38.67 80,430 37.06
Database administrators 108,080 35.72 74,290 34.40
Network and computer systems administrators 338,890 34.10 70,930 32.55
Network systems and data communications analysts 226,080 36.81 76,560 35.22
Computer specialists, all other 195,890 37.50 78,010 37.02
Actuaries 17,940 46.85 97,450 41.93
Mathematicians 2,770 45.16 93,920 44.99
Operations research analysts 60,960 36.23 75,370 33.69
Statisticians 21,370 36.16 75,220 35.01
Mathematical technicians 1,090 21.27 44,230 19.83
Mathematical scientists, all other 2,610 29.74 61,850 23.18
Architecture and engineering occupations 2,412,730 35.38 73,590 33.07
Architects, except landscape and naval 101,630 37.93 78,880 34.95
Landscape architects 18,940 31.69 65,910 29.12
Cartographers and photogrammetrists 11,750 28.53 59,340 25.50
Surveyors 50,360 27.61 57,420 26.05
Aerospace engineers 70,570 46.29 96,270 45.57
Agricultural engineers 2,620 35.89 74,640 33.44
Biomedical engineers 14,760 39.69 82,550 37.92
Chemical engineers 29,000 44.07 91,670 42.44
Civil engineers 259,320 39.03 81,180 36.82
Computer hardware engineers 65,410 48.75 101,410 47.51
Electrical engineers 151,660 41.47 86,250 39.96
Electronics engineers, except computer 135,990 44.01 91,540 42.94
Environmental engineers 50,610 38.82 80,750 37.04
Health and safety engineers, except mining safety engineers and inspectors 24,070 36.45 75,810 35.62
Industrial engineers 209,300 37.06 77,090 36.11
Marine engineers and naval architects 5,270 38.10 79,240 35.74
Materials engineers 22,510 41.18 85,660 39.99
Mechanical engineers 232,660 38.74 80,580 37.03
Mining and geological engineers, including mining safety engineers 6,310 39.46 82,080 38.19
Nuclear engineers 16,710 48.25 100,350 46.59
Petroleum engineers 25,540 57.67 119,960 52.36
Engineers, all other 159,680 43.56 90,600 43.06
Architectural and civil drafters 105,320 22.94 47,710 21.92
Electrical and electronics drafters 30,590 26.34 54,800 25.04
Mechanical drafters 71,890 23.94 49,790 22.98
Drafters, all other 18,290 23.18 48,210 21.79
Aerospace engineering and operations technicians 7,940 28.76 59,820 27.39
Civil engineering technicians 82,690 22.80 47,420 22.10
Electrical and electronic engineering technicians 154,050 26.64 55,410 26.36
Electro-mechanical technicians 15,640 23.98 49,880 23.08
Environmental engineering technicians 20,630 21.99 45,730 20.36
Industrial engineering technicians 65,460 23.57 49,030 22.48
Mechanical engineering technicians 43,580 24.38 50,700 23.54
Engineering technicians, except drafters, all other 69,070 28.04 58,330 27.66
Surveying and mapping technicians 62,940 18.98 39,470 17.88
Life, physical, and social science occupations 1,308,380 31.57 65,660 28.03
Animal scientists 2,190 31.02 64,510 27.38
Food scientists and technologists 10,790 30.95 64,370 28.67
Soil and plant scientists 11,830 31.34 65,180 28.45
Biochemists and biophysicists 22,860 42.57 88,550 39.61
Microbiologists 16,260 34.61 71,980 32.01
Zoologists and wildlife biologists 17,460 29.17 60,670 27.16
Biological scientists, all other 29,630 33.38 69,430 31.98
Conservation scientists 16,810 29.41 61,180 28.92
Foresters 10,230 26.55 55,220 25.89
Epidemiologists 4,610 31.22 64,950 29.66
Medical scientists, except epidemiologists 101,760 40.75 84,760 35.86
Life scientists, all other 12,320 34.90 72,590 30.76
Astronomers 1,240 49.40 102,740 50.35
Physicists 13,630 53.49 111,250 51.15
Atmospheric and space scientists 8,320 40.94 85,160 40.73
Chemists 79,910 34.97 72,740 32.80
Materials scientists 8,880 39.59 82,350 38.61
Environmental scientists and specialists, including health 83,530 32.38 67,360 29.33
Geoscientists, except hydrologists and geographers 31,860 44.57 92,710 39.05
Hydrologists 7,150 36.91 76,760 35.42
Physical scientists, all other 25,310 45.62 94,880 45.17
Economists 13,160 46.31 96,320 41.79
Market research analysts 226,410 32.45 67,500 29.61
Survey researchers 20,300 20.35 42,330 17.01
Clinical, counseling, and school psychologists 98,330 34.77 72,310 31.75
Industrial-organizational psychologists 1,710 49.31 102,570 40.03
Psychologists, all other 10,260 40.49 84,220 41.60
Sociologists 4,430 36.63 76,190 33.47
Urban and regional planners 38,950 31.10 64,680 29.72
Anthropologists and archeologists 5,570 27.52 57,230 25.70
Geographers 1,170 34.33 71,420 34.36
Historians 3,620 27.09 56,350 24.54
Political scientists 3,970 48.58 101,050 50.04
Social scientists and related workers, all other 29,250 35.31 73,450 33.59
Agricultural and food science technicians 18,490 17.72 36,850 16.54
Biological technicians 74,560 19.78 41,140 18.61
Chemical technicians 64,420 21.11 43,900 20.23
Geological and petroleum technicians 14,460 28.08 58,400 25.60
Nuclear technicians 6,290 32.07 66,700 32.37
Social science research assistants 21,720 19.39 40,340 18.03
Environmental science and protection technicians, including health 30,870 20.92 43,520 19.61
Forensic science technicians 12,870 26.47 55,070 24.75
Forest and conservation technicians 31,440 17.49 36,370 15.80
Life, physical, and social science technicians, all other 59,530 21.57 44,870 20.24
Community and social services occupations 1,891,320 20.55 42,750 18.74
Substance abuse and behavioral disorder counselors 78,470 19.43 40,420 18.13
Educational, vocational, and school counselors 251,050 26.46 55,030 25.27
Marriage and family therapists 26,450 23.57 49,020 22.56
Mental health counselors 106,920 20.05 41,710 18.28
Rehabilitation counselors 112,690 16.69 34,710 15.01
Counselors, all other 30,900 21.35 44,400 19.86
Child, family, and school social workers 277,670 20.93 43,540 19.21
Medical and public health social workers 133,510 23.24 48,340 22.26
Mental health and substance abuse social workers 127,140 19.88 41,350 18.37
Social workers, all other 73,250 24.26 50,470 23.76
Health educators 63,320 23.59 49,060 21.32
Probation officers and correctional treatment specialists 92,910 24.28 50,500 22.37
Social and human service assistants 344,050 14.37 29,880 13.44
Community and social service specialists, all other 109,120 19.48 40,530 18.07
Clergy 42,670 22.58 46,960 20.65
Directors, religious activities and education 15,060 19.60 40,770 17.40
Religious workers, all other 6,140 15.94 33,160 14.14
Legal occupations 999,020 46.07 95,820 35.59
Lawyers 556,790 62.03 129,020 54.44
Administrative law judges, adjudicators, and hearing officers 13,140 42.13 87,620 40.35
Arbitrators, mediators, and conciliators 8,110 30.41 63,250 25.37
Judges, magistrate judges, and magistrates 26,350 49.99 103,990 54.24
Paralegals and legal assistants 246,810 24.08 50,080 22.58
Court reporters 18,780 25.22 52,460 22.98
Law clerks 32,630 20.17 41,960 18.46
Title examiners, abstractors, and searchers 56,820 20.65 42,960 18.64
Legal support workers, all other 39,590 28.19 58,630 25.03
Education, training, and library occupations 8,488,740 23.81 49,530 21.74
Business teachers, postsecondary 73,790 (2) 83,840 (2)
Computer science teachers, postsecondary 32,240 (2) 75,860 (2)
Mathematical science teachers, postsecondary 48,100 (2) 70,550 (2)
Architecture teachers, postsecondary 7,090 (2) 77,830 (2)
Engineering teachers, postsecondary 34,270 (2) 92,970 (2)
Agricultural sciences teachers, postsecondary 10,230 (2) 80,790 (2)
Biological science teachers, postsecondary 54,810 (2) 87,220 (2)
Forestry and conservation science teachers, postsecondary 2,380 (2) 72,290 (2)
Atmospheric, earth, marine, and space sciences teachers, postsecondary 9,900 (2) 83,320 (2)
Chemistry teachers, postsecondary 20,370 (2) 77,350 (2)
Environmental science teachers, postsecondary 4,820 (2) 73,700 (2)
Physics teachers, postsecondary 12,870 (2) 83,320 (2)
Anthropology and archeology teachers, postsecondary 5,880 (2) 75,530 (2)
Area, ethnic, and cultural studies teachers, postsecondary 8,070 (2) 75,130 (2)
Economics teachers, postsecondary 12,860 (2) 89,320 (2)
Geography teachers, postsecondary 3,930 (2) 69,840 (2)
Political science teachers, postsecondary 15,180 (2) 76,990 (2)
Psychology teachers, postsecondary 33,450 (2) 72,140 (2)
Sociology teachers, postsecondary 16,380 (2) 71,970 (2)
Social sciences teachers, postsecondary, all other 5,830 (2) 77,040 (2)
Health specialties teachers, postsecondary 133,070 (2) 103,340 (2)
Nursing instructors and teachers, postsecondary 49,140 (2) 65,240 (2)
Education teachers, postsecondary 56,880 (2) 62,160 (2)
Library science teachers, postsecondary 3,940 (2) 64,270 (2)
Criminal justice and law enforcement teachers, postsecondary 12,610 (2) 62,750 (2)
Law teachers, postsecondary 12,690 (2) 109,150 (2)
Social work teachers, postsecondary 8,290 (2) 67,410 (2)
Art, drama, and music teachers, postsecondary 80,790 (2) 68,230 (2)
Communications teachers, postsecondary 25,090 (2) 65,190 (2)
English language and literature teachers, postsecondary 65,490 (2) 65,860 (2)
Foreign language and literature teachers, postsecondary 27,020 (2) 63,300 (2)
History teachers, postsecondary 21,810 (2) 69,280 (2)
Philosophy and religion teachers, postsecondary 19,630 (2) 67,610 (2)
Graduate teaching assistants 122,120 (2) 32,770 (2)
Home economics teachers, postsecondary 4,800 (2) 68,210 (2)
Recreation and fitness studies teachers, postsecondary 16,850 (2) 60,580 (2)
Vocational education teachers, postsecondary 114,420 25.01 52,030 23.05
Postsecondary teachers, all other 205,760 (2) 74,330 (2)
Preschool teachers, except special education 389,660 13.20 27,450 11.80
Kindergarten teachers, except special education 181,810 (2) 50,380 (2)
Elementary school teachers, except special education 1,544,300 (2) 53,150 (2)
Middle school teachers, except special and vocational education 665,420 (2) 53,550 (2)
Vocational education teachers, middle school 14,060 (2) 51,520 (2)
Secondary school teachers, except special and vocational education 1,091,710 (2) 55,150 (2)
Vocational education teachers, secondary school 92,980 (2) 54,420 (2)
Special education teachers, preschool, kindergarten, and elementary school 228,580 (2) 53,770 (2)
Special education teachers, middle school 102,490 (2) 54,750 (2)
Special education teachers, secondary school 146,240 (2) 56,420 (2)
Adult literacy, remedial education, and GED teachers and instructors 68,430 24.23 50,390 22.08
Self-enrichment education teachers 162,330 19.88 41,360 17.52
Teachers and instructors, all other 599,500 (2) 41,110 (2)
Archivists 4,900 23.85 49,600 22.34
Curators 10,410 25.16 52,330 23.04
Museum technicians and conservators 10,170 19.87 41,330 17.85
Librarians 150,520 26.76 55,670 25.82
Library technicians 111,390 14.93 31,060 14.22
Audio-visual collections specialists 6,800 22.35 46,490 21.10
Farm and home management advisors 9,830 22.29 46,370 21.24
Instructional coordinators 124,480 29.46 61,270 28.26
Teacher assistants 1,275,410 (2) 24,280 (2)
Education, training, and library workers, all other 104,500 20.13 41,880 17.45
Arts, design, entertainment, sports, and media occupations 1,745,670 24.87 51,720 20.41
Art directors 31,660 44.00 91,520 37.78
Craft artists 5,380 15.90 33,070 13.92
Fine artists, including painters, sculptors, and illustrators 8,900 24.34 50,630 21.23
Multi-media artists and animators 28,800 30.20 62,810 28.01
Artists and related workers, all other 8,100 27.63 57,470 25.54
Commercial and industrial designers 29,170 29.52 61,400 27.92
Fashion designers 15,780 35.78 74,410 30.90
Floral designers 51,470 11.99 24,940 11.31
Graphic designers 200,870 22.99 47,820 20.76
Interior designers 46,010 24.99 51,990 22.20
Merchandise displayers and window trimmers 61,280 13.69 28,480 12.49
Set and exhibit designers 7,940 24.33 50,600 21.83
Designers, all other 10,510 24.24 50,420 21.16
Actors 39,880 28.79 (2) 16.20
Producers and directors 79,780 41.77 86,870 32.08
Athletes and sports competitors 13,620 (2) 80,950 (2)
Coaches and scouts 179,830 (2) 35,740 (2)
Umpires, referees, and other sports officials 14,860 (2) 28,490 (2)
Dancers 10,700 16.37 (2) 13.74
Choreographers 14,700 20.25 42,130 18.20
Music directors and composers 14,330 25.68 53,410 21.68
Musicians and singers 47,260 29.10 (2) 22.36
Entertainers and performers, sports and related workers, all other 23,500 18.41 (2) 14.78
Radio and television announcers 35,130 19.99 41,590 13.23
Public address system and other announcers 7,280 17.37 36,130 13.08
Broadcast news analysts 5,820 32.69 67,990 24.23
Reporters and correspondents 46,130 20.80 43,270 16.52
Public relations specialists 242,670 28.55 59,370 24.98
Editors 105,040 28.10 58,440 24.42
Technical writers 46,270 31.55 65,610 30.16
Writers and authors 43,390 31.04 64,560 25.91
Interpreters and translators 40,000 21.97 45,700 19.65
Media and communication workers, all other 25,460 24.37 50,680 20.52
Audio and video equipment technicians 46,070 20.41 42,450 18.80
Broadcast technicians 31,220 18.43 38,330 15.85
Radio operators 870 20.86 43,400 20.69
Sound engineering technicians 15,560 25.93 53,940 22.29
Photographers 57,760 17.48 36,370 14.31
Camera operators, television, video, and motion picture 17,540 23.84 49,590 20.64
Film and video editors 17,550 30.62 63,680 24.42
Media and communication equipment workers, all other 17,610 28.79 59,880 27.64
Healthcare practitioner and technical occupations 7,200,950 33.51 69,690 27.74
Chiropractors 26,310 38.65 80,390 32.53
Dentists, general 86,270 75.41 156,850 68.31
Oral and maxillofacial surgeons 5,390 101.30 210,710 (3)
Orthodontists 5,410 99.13 206,190 (3)
Prosthodontists 660 60.29 125,400 53.42
Dentists, all other specialists 5,010 73.83 153,570 73.70
Dietitians and nutritionists 53,220 25.59 53,230 25.07
Optometrists 26,480 51.42 106,960 46.22
Pharmacists 267,860 51.27 106,630 52.49
Anesthesiologists 37,450 101.80 211,750 (3)
Family and general practitioners 99,000 81.03 168,550 77.18
Internists, general 48,270 88.46 183,990 (3)
Obstetricians and gynecologists 20,380 98.31 204,470 (3)
Pediatricians, general 29,460 77.60 161,410 73.19
Psychiatrists 22,210 78.68 163,660 77.04
Surgeons 44,560 105.66 219,770 (3)
Physicians and surgeons, all other 274,160 83.59 173,860 (3)
Physician assistants 76,900 40.78 84,830 40.58
Podiatrists 9,720 63.33 131,730 55.89
Registered nurses 2,583,770 31.99 66,530 30.65
Audiologists 12,590 32.14 66,850 30.40
Occupational therapists 97,840 33.98 70,680 33.48
Physical therapists 174,490 36.64 76,220 35.81
Radiation therapists 15,570 37.18 77,340 35.66
Recreational therapists 21,960 19.84 41,270 18.96
Respiratory therapists 107,270 26.06 54,200 25.64
Speech-language pathologists 111,640 32.86 68,350 31.29
Therapists, all other 13,440 26.16 54,400 24.70
Veterinarians 54,130 43.32 90,110 38.71
Health diagnosing and treating practitioners, all other 32,960 37.32 77,630 31.36
Medical and clinical laboratory technologists 166,860 26.74 55,620 26.51
Medical and clinical laboratory technicians 152,420 18.20 37,860 17.32
Dental hygienists 173,900 32.63 67,860 32.38
Cardiovascular technologists and technicians 48,070 23.91 49,730 23.22
Diagnostic medical sonographers 51,630 30.60 63,640 30.30
Nuclear medicine technologists 21,670 32.91 68,450 32.65
Radiologic technologists and technicians 213,560 26.05 54,180 25.59
Emergency medical technicians and paramedics 217,920 15.88 33,020 14.42
Dietetic technicians 24,510 13.72 28,530 12.98
Pharmacy technicians 331,890 13.92 28,940 13.49
Psychiatric technicians 70,730 14.77 30,730 13.53
Respiratory therapy technicians 15,100 21.96 45,680 21.49
Surgical technologists 91,250 19.57 40,710 18.94
Veterinary technologists and technicians 79,200 14.70 30,580 14.08
Licensed practical and licensed vocational nurses 728,670 19.66 40,900 19.14
Medical records and health information technicians 170,580 16.29 33,880 15.04
Opticians, dispensing 60,840 16.73 34,790 15.74
Orthotists and prosthetists 5,470 32.02 66,600 29.84
Health technologists and technicians, all other 78,600 20.28 42,180 18.51
Occupational health and safety specialists 51,850 30.87 64,200 30.40
Occupational health and safety technicians 10,070 22.73 47,280 21.56
Athletic trainers 15,260 (2) 44,020 (2)
Healthcare practitioner and technical workers, all other 56,520 25.05 52,110 21.47
Healthcare support occupations 3,886,690 12.84 26,710 11.89
Home health aides 955,220 10.39 21,620 9.85
Nursing aides, orderlies, and attendants 1,438,010 12.01 24,980 11.56
Psychiatric aides 62,610 13.19 27,430 12.33
Occupational therapist assistants 26,680 24.44 50,830 24.16
Occupational therapist aides 8,040 13.89 28,890 12.37
Physical therapist assistants 63,750 23.36 48,590 23.22
Physical therapist aides 44,160 12.01 24,990 11.49
Massage therapists 55,920 19.13 39,780 16.94
Dental assistants 294,020 16.35 34,000 15.98
Medical assistants 495,970 14.16 29,450 13.77
Medical equipment preparers 47,070 14.32 29,780 13.93
Medical transcriptionists 82,810 16.03 33,350 15.68
Pharmacy aides 52,230 10.74 22,330 10.00
Veterinary assistants and laboratory animal caretakers 71,350 11.25 23,400 10.43
Healthcare support workers, all other 188,850 15.07 31,340 14.39
Protective service occupations 3,172,420 20.07 41,740 17.39
First-line supervisors/managers of correctional officers 45,540 28.76 59,810 27.74
First-line supervisors/managers of police and detectives 99,900 37.78 78,580 36.78
First-line supervisors/managers of fire fighting and prevention workers 57,750 34.46 71,680 32.81
First-line supervisors/managers, protective service workers, all other 49,360 23.39 48,640 21.38
Fire fighters 305,500 22.72 47,270 21.66
Fire inspectors and investigators 12,180 27.07 56,310 25.83
Forest fire inspectors and prevention specialists 1,540 18.36 38,180 15.83
Bailiffs 17,140 19.35 40,240 18.25
Correctional officers and jailers 455,350 20.49 42,610 18.78
Detectives and criminal investigators 110,380 31.66 65,860 29.86
Fish and game wardens 7,530 26.42 54,950 23.46
Parking enforcement workers 9,670 17.00 35,360 16.74
Police and sheriff's patrol officers 641,590 26.53 55,180 25.58
Transit and railroad police 3,930 25.17 52,350 24.49
Animal control workers 15,320 16.14 33,560 15.17
Private detectives and investigators 31,250 22.66 47,130 20.25
Gaming surveillance officers and gaming investigators 7,670 15.60 32,460 14.53
Security guards 1,028,830 12.70 26,430 11.45
Crossing guards 68,470 12.23 25,430 11.24
Lifeguards, ski patrol, and other recreational protective service workers 115,640 9.85 20,490 8.99
Protective service workers, all other 87,880 15.70 32,650 14.14
Food preparation and serving related occupations 11,218,260 10.04 20,880 8.89
Chefs and head cooks 94,300 21.27 44,240 19.27
First-line supervisors/managers of food preparation and serving workers 791,750 15.12 31,460 14.17
Cooks, fast food 539,520 8.76 18,230 8.52
Cooks, institution and cafeteria 383,540 11.48 23,870 10.88
Cooks, private household 770 13.33 27,720 11.87
Cooks, restaurant 898,820 11.11 23,110 10.66
Cooks, short order 166,140 9.94 20,670 9.38
Cooks, all other 19,210 11.89 24,730 10.99
Food preparation workers 849,400 9.82 20,420 9.15
Bartenders 492,480 10.08 20,970 8.82
Combined food preparation and serving workers, including fast food 2,695,740 8.71 18,120 8.28
Counter attendants, cafeteria, food concession, and coffee shop 490,980 9.13 18,990 8.74
Waiters and waitresses 2,302,070 9.80 20,380 8.50
Food servers, nonrestaurant 194,950 10.39 21,620 9.42
Dining room and cafeteria attendants and bartender helpers 402,020 9.09 18,900 8.51
Dishwashers 512,990 8.81 18,330 8.54
Hosts and hostesses, restaurant, lounge, and coffee shop 334,310 9.23 19,190 8.71
Food preparation and serving related workers, all other 49,260 10.61 22,060 9.54
Building and grounds cleaning and maintenance occupations 4,269,480 12.00 24,970 10.75
First-line supervisors/managers of housekeeping and janitorial workers 177,730 17.88 37,180 16.73
First-line supervisors/managers of landscaping, lawn service, and
groundskeeping workers 103,540 21.19 44,080 19.69
Janitors and cleaners, except maids and housekeeping cleaners 2,090,400 11.60 24,120 10.56
Maids and housekeeping cleaners 887,890 10.02 20,840 9.26
Building cleaning workers, all other 12,290 13.55 28,190 13.16
Pest control workers 63,500 15.43 32,100 14.62
Landscaping and groundskeeping workers 859,960 12.18 25,340 11.29
Pesticide handlers, sprayers, and applicators, vegetation 23,530 15.11 31,420 14.39
Tree trimmers and pruners 37,830 15.43 32,090 14.57
Grounds maintenance workers, all other 12,840 13.65 28,400 11.49
Personal care and service occupations 3,461,910 11.87 24,680 9.99
Gaming supervisors 24,760 23.52 48,920 23.05
Slot key persons 14,310 13.73 28,560 12.45
First-line supervisors/managers of personal service workers 129,890 18.53 38,540 16.99
Animal trainers 10,080 14.94 31,080 12.95
Nonfarm animal caretakers 132,860 10.50 21,830 9.40
Gaming dealers 86,900 9.76 20,290 8.19
Gaming and sports book writers and runners 14,790 11.28 23,460 9.78
Gaming service workers, all other 12,050 12.20 25,380 11.47
Motion picture projectionists 10,310 11.03 22,950 9.82
Ushers, lobby attendants, and ticket takers 104,360 9.43 19,610 8.68
Amusement and recreation attendants 257,350 9.35 19,450 8.71
Costume attendants 5,150 15.47 32,180 12.60
Locker room, coatroom, and dressing room attendants 18,470 10.41 21,640 9.49
Entertainment attendants and related workers, all other 45,080 10.10 21,020 9.21
Embalmers 8,190 19.80 41,180 19.53
Funeral attendants 31,900 11.48 23,880 10.83
Barbers 10,550 13.29 27,650 11.61
Hairdressers, hairstylists, and cosmetologists 349,210 13.02 27,070 11.21
Makeup artists, theatrical and performance 1,930 21.64 45,010 15.12
Manicurists and pedicurists 53,020 10.65 22,150 9.48
Shampooers 16,170 9.08 18,890 8.61
Skin care specialists 28,210 15.38 31,990 13.74
Baggage porters and bellhops 49,380 11.34 23,580 9.65
Concierges 20,470 13.83 28,760 13.11
Tour guides and escorts 31,630 12.50 25,990 11.42
Travel guides 4,270 16.01 33,300 15.05
Flight attendants 95,810 (2) 43,350 (2)
Transportation attendants, except flight attendants and baggage porters 22,450 11.17 23,230 9.90
Child care workers 595,650 10.07 20,940 9.25
Personal and home care aides 630,740 9.75 20,280 9.46
Fitness trainers and aerobics instructors 228,170 16.99 35,340 14.74
Recreation workers 286,230 12.04 25,040 10.71
Residential advisors 57,280 12.54 26,070 11.61
Personal care and service workers, all other 74,310 10.99 22,860 9.69
Sales and related occupations 13,715,050 17.32 36,020 11.51
First-line supervisors/managers of retail sales workers 1,163,040 18.81 39,130 16.78
First-line supervisors/managers of non-retail sales workers 261,200 38.27 79,610 32.44
Cashiers 3,439,380 9.15 19,030 8.57
Gaming change persons and booth cashiers 19,480 11.11 23,110 10.62
Counter and rental clerks 416,950 11.87 24,680 10.24
Parts salespersons 208,350 14.65 30,460 13.52
Retail salespersons 4,209,500 11.84 24,630 9.74
Advertising sales agents 152,420 25.57 53,190 20.85
Insurance sales agents 325,710 29.48 61,330 21.87
Securities, commodities, and financial services sales agents 271,670 43.94 91,390 32.18
Travel agents 76,990 15.60 32,450 14.80
Sales representatives, services, all other 543,560 28.49 59,250 23.76
Sales representatives, wholesale and manufacturing, technical and scientific products 406,140 39.12 81,370 34.30
Sales representatives, wholesale and manufacturing, except technical and scientific
products 1,409,780 29.52 61,400 24.48
Demonstrators and product promoters 80,910 12.81 26,640 10.82
Models 1,510 17.51 36,420 13.14
Real estate brokers 48,380 37.68 78,360 26.80
Real estate sales agents 151,550 25.53 53,100 19.28
Sales engineers 71,640 43.53 90,540 40.00
Telemarketers 307,730 11.90 24,760 10.49
Door-to-door sales workers, news and street vendors, and related workers 8,460 12.65 26,320 10.24
Sales and related workers, all other 140,680 20.12 41,840 16.91
Office and administrative support occupations 22,336,450 15.86 32,990 14.62
First-line supervisors/managers of office and administrative support workers 1,381,060 24.04 49,990 22.55
Switchboard operators, including answering service 146,980 12.50 26,000 11.93
Telephone operators 21,960 15.58 32,410 14.70
Communications equipment operators, all other 2,810 18.68 38,850 18.12
Bill and account collectors 403,100 15.65 32,560 14.87
Billing and posting clerks and machine operators 493,780 15.82 32,900 15.25
Bookkeeping, accounting, and auditing clerks 1,757,870 16.71 34,750 16.08
Gaming cage workers 16,070 12.68 26,360 12.08
Payroll and timekeeping clerks 190,810 17.60 36,600 17.31
Procurement clerks 78,150 17.51 36,430 17.36
Tellers 576,580 11.91 24,780 11.53
Brokerage clerks 62,470 20.55 42,750 19.32
Correspondence clerks 10,370 15.86 32,990 15.35
Court, municipal, and license clerks 120,690 17.10 35,570 16.12
Credit authorizers, checkers, and clerks 57,220 16.20 33,700 15.36
Customer service representatives 2,195,860 15.58 32,410 14.56
Eligibility interviewers, government programs 110,850 19.56 40,680 19.32
File clerks 188,510 12.66 26,320 11.89
Hotel, motel, and resort desk clerks 224,360 10.16 21,130 9.53
Interviewers, except eligibility and loan 215,930 14.32 29,780 13.78
Library assistants, clerical 115,310 11.92 24,790 11.05
Loan interviewers and clerks 195,310 16.67 34,670 16.03
New accounts clerks 81,650 15.14 31,490 14.73
Order clerks 227,190 14.37 29,890 13.71
Human resources assistants, except payroll and timekeeping 161,920 18.19 37,840 17.62
Receptionists and information clerks 1,052,120 12.50 26,010 12.05
Reservation and transportation ticket agents and travel clerks 142,500 15.58 32,400 15.03
All other information and record clerks 212,090 17.45 36,300 17.09
Cargo and freight agents 82,440 18.72 38,940 17.77
Couriers and messengers 93,460 12.36 25,710 11.43
Police, fire, and ambulance dispatchers 98,090 17.53 36,470 16.73
Dispatchers, except police, fire, and ambulance 185,100 17.94 37,310 16.58
Meter readers, utilities 42,330 17.50 36,400 16.58
Postal service clerks 73,690 24.84 51,670 25.26
Postal service mail carriers 339,030 23.53 48,940 25.10
Postal service mail sorters, processors, and processing machine operators 162,940 23.20 48,260 25.25
Production, planning, and expediting clerks 274,140 20.80 43,260 19.98
Shipping, receiving, and traffic clerks 715,130 14.35 29,840 13.58
Stock clerks and order fillers 1,864,410 11.28 23,460 10.08
Weighers, measurers, checkers, and samplers, recordkeeping 69,890 13.88 28,860 13.13
Executive secretaries and administrative assistants 1,361,170 21.16 44,010 20.03
Legal secretaries 244,380 20.65 42,940 19.75
Medical secretaries 469,740 15.12 31,450 14.51
Secretaries, except legal, medical, and executive 1,797,670 14.93 31,060 14.41
Computer operators 94,730 18.05 37,540 17.36
Data entry keyers 243,550 13.46 28,000 13.05
Word processors and typists 109,470 16.21 33,720 15.67
Desktop publishers 22,810 18.73 38,960 17.53
Insurance claims and policy processing clerks 235,480 17.18 35,740 16.36
Mail clerks and mail machine operators, except postal service 131,750 13.05 27,150 12.36
Office clerks, general 2,815,240 13.32 27,700 12.57
Office machine operators, except computer 70,230 13.49 28,060 12.79
Proofreaders and copy markers 14,050 15.63 32,500 14.76
Statistical assistants 15,900 18.03 37,500 17.27
Office and administrative support workers, all other 266,090 15.37 31,960 14.29
Farming, fishing, and forestry occupations 419,200 11.53 23,990 9.43
First-line supervisors/managers of farming, fishing, and forestry workers 20,200 21.02 43,720 19.47
Farm labor contractors 1,000 17.37 36,130 14.62
Agricultural inspectors 14,030 20.12 41,860 19.95
Animal breeders 1,700 16.93 35,210 14.27
Graders and sorters, agricultural products 40,160 9.93 20,640 9.14
Agricultural equipment operators 22,420 12.12 25,220 11.28
Farmworkers and laborers, crop, nursery, and greenhouse 233,650 9.51 19,780 8.91
Farmworkers, farm and ranch animals 35,000 11.37 23,640 10.42
Agricultural workers, all other 7,420 13.48 28,040 12.31
Fishers and related fishing workers 670 12.79 26,600 11.34
Forest and conservation workers 5,840 14.14 29,410 12.30
Fallers 6,480 17.10 35,570 15.49
Logging equipment operators 23,630 15.80 32,870 15.31
Log graders and scalers 2,940 17.09 35,550 16.20
Logging workers, all other 4,010 16.43 34,180 16.56
Construction and extraction occupations 5,751,630 20.84 43,350 18.64
First-line supervisors/managers of construction trades and extraction workers 531,840 29.68 61,730 28.04
Boilermakers 22,400 27.25 56,680 26.97
Brickmasons and blockmasons 87,780 23.68 49,250 22.47
Stonemasons 14,080 19.24 40,030 17.68
Carpenters 743,760 20.98 43,640 18.98
Carpet installers 29,080 19.98 41,560 17.90
Floor layers, except carpet, wood, and hard tiles 11,870 18.84 39,190 17.34
Floor sanders and finishers 7,000 16.89 35,140 15.76
Tile and marble setters 41,140 20.41 42,450 18.83
Cement masons and concrete finishers 165,700 18.95 39,410 17.04
Terrazzo workers and finishers 4,290 19.89 41,360 18.38
Construction laborers 856,440 15.96 33,190 14.01
Paving, surfacing, and tamping equipment operators 54,850 18.10 37,660 16.36
Pile-driver operators 4,240 24.72 51,410 22.24
Operating engineers and other construction equipment operators 368,200 21.24 44,180 19.12
Drywall and ceiling tile installers 102,880 19.75 41,080 17.88
Tapers 24,050 22.54 46,880 21.37
Electricians 579,150 24.45 50,850 22.68
Glaziers 46,400 19.05 39,630 17.11
Insulation workers, floor, ceiling, and wall 26,500 17.35 36,090 15.65
Insulation workers, mechanical 29,620 19.86 41,310 17.81
Painters, construction and maintenance 214,240 17.94 37,320 16.21
Paperhangers 5,140 20.34 42,310 18.00
Pipelayers 49,190 17.81 37,040 16.12
Plumbers, pipefitters, and steamfitters 400,970 23.97 49,870 22.27
Plasterers and stucco masons 34,280 19.84 41,260 18.16
Reinforcing iron and rebar workers 24,200 21.42 44,560 18.97
Roofers 108,180 17.98 37,390 16.33
Sheet metal workers 146,690 21.58 44,890 19.54
Structural iron and steel workers 65,130 23.30 48,470 21.40
Helpers--brickmasons, blockmasons, stonemasons, and tile and marble setters 40,770 14.34 29,830 13.29
Helpers--carpenters 62,020 12.87 26,770 12.43
Helpers--electricians 90,930 13.40 27,870 12.86
Helpers--painters, paperhangers, plasterers, and stucco masons 15,740 11.68 24,300 11.21
Helpers--pipelayers, plumbers, pipefitters, and steamfitters 68,270 13.24 27,530 12.91
Helpers--roofers 15,440 11.71 24,360 11.35
Helpers, construction trades, all other 21,390 13.28 27,630 12.17
Construction and building inspectors 90,730 25.75 53,550 24.77
Elevator installers and repairers 23,450 32.67 67,950 33.20
Fence erectors 21,840 14.49 30,140 13.47
Hazardous materials removal workers 41,100 19.36 40,270 17.92
Highway maintenance workers 139,490 16.98 35,310 16.47
Rail-track laying and maintenance equipment operators 14,880 22.11 46,000 21.94
Septic tank servicers and sewer pipe cleaners 24,690 17.05 35,470 16.03
Segmental pavers 1,040 13.81 28,730 13.33
Construction and related workers, all other 47,630 17.55 36,490 16.34
Derrick operators, oil and gas 21,080 20.96 43,590 20.66
Rotary drill operators, oil and gas 25,500 28.63 59,560 25.49
Service unit operators, oil, gas, and mining 36,450 20.52 42,690 18.49
Earth drillers, except oil and gas 17,850 20.22 42,070 18.82
Explosives workers, ordnance handling experts, and blasters 6,280 21.65 45,030 20.41
Continuous mining machine operators 11,230 22.44 46,680 22.56
Mine cutting and channeling machine operators 7,940 20.73 43,120 20.68
Mining machine operators, all other 4,830 20.93 43,540 20.88
Rock splitters, quarry 3,430 14.64 30,440 13.96
Roof bolters, mining 5,470 22.96 47,750 22.80
Roustabouts, oil and gas 61,320 16.44 34,190 15.31
Helpers--extraction workers 24,210 17.73 36,870 16.62
Extraction workers, all other 7,340 19.81 41,210 19.17
Installation, maintenance, and repair occupations 5,114,150 20.30 42,210 19.04
First-line supervisors/managers of mechanics, installers, and repairers 427,560 29.15 60,630 28.18
Computer, automated teller, and office machine repairers 111,600 18.95 39,420 18.09
Radio mechanics 5,690 20.31 42,250 19.74
Telecommunications equipment installers and repairers, except line installers 189,850 25.48 52,990 26.71
Avionics technicians 17,960 24.20 50,330 24.31
Electric motor, power tool, and related repairers 20,660 18.40 38,280 17.44
Electrical and electronics installers and repairers, transportation equipment 13,900 22.38 46,550 22.03
Electrical and electronics repairers, commercial and industrial equipment 72,520 24.62 51,210 24.39
Electrical and electronics repairers, powerhouse, substation, and relay 22,870 29.66 61,700 29.94
Electronic equipment installers and repairers, motor vehicles 17,090 14.36 29,880 13.49
Electronic home entertainment equipment installers and repairers 34,200 16.36 34,030 15.54
Security and fire alarm systems installers 63,690 19.15 39,830 18.13
Aircraft mechanics and service technicians 112,130 25.47 52,970 25.39
Automotive body and related repairers 133,290 19.72 41,020 18.26
Automotive glass installers and repairers 15,920 16.34 33,980 15.91
Automotive service technicians and mechanics 606,990 18.21 37,880 17.03
Bus and truck mechanics and diesel engine specialists 232,810 20.00 41,590 19.35
Farm equipment mechanics 30,250 16.32 33,950 15.85
Mobile heavy equipment mechanics, except engines 120,450 21.94 45,630 21.21
Rail car repairers 20,910 22.32 46,430 22.33
Motorboat mechanics 18,180 17.85 37,120 17.03
Motorcycle mechanics 16,070 16.29 33,870 15.30
Outdoor power equipment and other small engine mechanics 26,010 14.61 30,400 14.08
Bicycle repairers 9,290 11.65 24,240 11.28
Recreational vehicle service technicians 10,860 16.50 34,320 15.45
Tire repairers and changers 92,440 11.83 24,610 11.11
Mechanical door repairers 15,330 17.44 36,270 16.64
Control and valve installers and repairers, except mechanical door 42,180 23.01 47,860 22.71
Heating, air conditioning, and refrigeration mechanics and installers 244,410 21.00 43,670 19.76
Home appliance repairers 34,670 17.11 35,590 16.44
Industrial machinery mechanics 276,230 22.19 46,160 21.38
Maintenance and repair workers, general 1,268,930 17.56 36,520 16.65
Maintenance workers, machinery 66,390 19.03 39,570 18.16
Millwrights 41,640 24.09 50,110 23.14
Refractory materials repairers, except brickmasons 2,080 20.82 43,310 19.97
Electrical power-line installers and repairers 108,980 26.86 55,860 27.24
Telecommunications line installers and repairers 162,400 23.23 48,310 23.61
Camera and photographic equipment repairers 3,290 18.85 39,210 17.03
Medical equipment repairers 34,550 21.61 44,950 20.34
Musical instrument repairers and tuners 5,580 17.47 36,330 15.77
Watch repairers 2,350 19.62 40,810 18.12
Precision instrument and equipment repairers, all other 13,240 24.41 50,770 24.11
Coin, vending, and amusement machine servicers and repairers 38,470 15.27 31,760 14.64
Commercial divers 3,030 27.91 58,060 25.26
Fabric menders, except garment 840 13.28 27,630 13.50
Locksmiths and safe repairers 16,910 18.05 37,550 17.20
Manufactured building and mobile home installers 6,780 14.34 29,820 13.81
Riggers 13,310 21.15 43,990 20.37
Signal and track switch repairers 6,450 24.29 50,520 24.78
Helpers--installation, maintenance, and repair workers 135,880 12.62 26,260 11.61
Installation, maintenance, and repair workers, all other 127,060 18.49 38,450 17.08
Production occupations 8,927,130 16.01 33,290 14.41
First-line supervisors/managers of production and operating workers 605,560 26.51 55,150 25.03
Aircraft structure, surfaces, rigging, and systems assemblers 39,870 21.44 44,600 21.86
Coil winders, tapers, and finishers 18,730 14.05 29,210 13.48
Electrical and electronic equipment assemblers 193,570 14.76 30,690 13.77
Electromechanical equipment assemblers 56,460 15.24 31,700 14.75
Engine and other machine assemblers 34,080 17.86 37,150 16.58
Structural metal fabricators and fitters 96,870 16.87 35,080 16.29
Fiberglass laminators and fabricators 22,360 14.07 29,270 13.65
Team assemblers 997,390 13.87 28,840 12.89
Timing device assemblers, adjusters, and calibrators 2,260 14.41 29,970 13.50
Assemblers and fabricators, all other 267,780 15.52 32,280 13.39
Bakers 140,510 12.19 25,350 11.36
Butchers and meat cutters 125,510 14.55 30,270 13.87
Meat, poultry, and fish cutters and trimmers 168,700 11.01 22,900 10.64
Slaughterers and meat packers 97,530 11.42 23,740 11.30
Food and tobacco roasting, baking, and drying machine operators and tenders 16,260 13.88 28,870 13.11
Food batchmakers 100,190 12.85 26,730 11.68
Food cooking machine operators and tenders 37,060 11.84 24,630 11.11
Computer-controlled machine tool operators, metal and plastic 129,780 17.10 35,570 16.57
Numerical tool and process control programmers 15,480 23.19 48,230 22.12
Extruding and drawing machine setters, operators, and tenders, metal and plastic 81,610 15.54 32,320 14.94
Forging machine setters, operators, and tenders, metal and plastic 24,590 16.20 33,700 15.62
Rolling machine setters, operators, and tenders, metal and plastic 32,880 17.63 36,670 17.03
Cutting, punching, and press machine setters, operators, and tenders, metal and
plastic 209,730 14.65 30,480 14.02
Drilling and boring machine tool setters, operators, and tenders, metal and plastic 28,140 15.84 32,940 15.13
Grinding, lapping, polishing, and buffing machine tool setters, operators, and
tenders, metal and plastic 81,740 15.43 32,090 14.56
Lathe and turning machine tool setters, operators, and tenders, metal and plastic 51,260 16.83 35,000 16.29
Milling and planing machine setters, operators, and tenders, metal and plastic 23,770 17.40 36,190 16.69
Machinists 380,720 18.72 38,940 18.10
Metal-refining furnace operators and tenders 16,960 18.67 38,830 18.22
Pourers and casters, metal 13,090 16.71 34,760 16.24
Model makers, metal and plastic 7,710 21.44 44,590 19.82
Patternmakers, metal and plastic 5,220 18.62 38,730 17.54
Foundry mold and coremakers 13,550 14.93 31,050 14.41
Molding, coremaking, and casting machine setters, operators, and tenders, metal
and plastic 126,840 14.30 29,750 13.40
Multiple machine tool setters, operators, and tenders, metal and plastic 76,130 15.80 32,860 15.01
Tool and die makers 73,640 23.43 48,730 22.55
Welders, cutters, solderers, and brazers 357,740 17.61 36,630 16.71
Welding, soldering, and brazing machine setters, operators, and tenders 41,580 16.43 34,170 15.74
Heat treating equipment setters, operators, and tenders, metal and plastic 20,420 16.24 33,790 15.70
Lay-out workers, metal and plastic 9,020 18.38 38,240 17.77
Plating and coating machine setters, operators, and tenders, metal and plastic 34,310 14.57 30,300 13.75
Tool grinders, filers, and sharpeners 13,740 16.88 35,110 16.00
Metal workers and plastic workers, all other 35,190 16.78 34,910 15.46
Bindery workers 53,870 14.40 29,960 13.55
Bookbinders 6,430 16.26 33,830 14.72
Job printers 39,180 17.24 35,860 16.56
Prepress technicians and workers 53,710 17.96 37,360 17.21
Printing machine operators 174,720 16.84 35,030 15.85
Laundry and dry-cleaning workers 211,490 10.00 20,790 9.28
Pressers, textile, garment, and related materials 60,440 9.78 20,330 9.31
Sewing machine operators 165,680 10.70 22,250 9.74
Shoe and leather workers and repairers 7,190 11.83 24,610 11.16
Shoe machine operators and tenders 3,990 12.80 26,620 12.69
Sewers, hand 6,020 11.71 24,350 11.07
Tailors, dressmakers, and custom sewers 26,450 13.60 28,300 12.81
Textile bleaching and dyeing machine operators and tenders 12,980 11.82 24,580 11.22
Textile cutting machine setters, operators, and tenders 17,890 11.95 24,850 11.35
Textile knitting and weaving machine setters, operators, and tenders 24,530 12.46 25,910 12.33
Textile winding, twisting, and drawing out machine setters, operators, and tender 30,530 12.40 25,780 12.10
Extruding and forming machine setters, operators, and tenders, synthetic and
glass fibers 13,680 15.48 32,190 15.12
Fabric and apparel patternmakers 6,640 20.64 42,940 18.75
Upholsterers 33,810 15.21 31,640 14.42
Textile, apparel, and furnishings workers, all other 14,220 13.95 29,010 12.24
Cabinetmakers and bench carpenters 99,870 14.95 31,100 14.22
Furniture finishers 18,760 14.00 29,120 13.26
Model makers, wood 1,900 16.33 33,970 14.72
Patternmakers, wood 1,540 18.53 38,540 15.48
Sawing machine setters, operators, and tenders, wood 41,750 13.12 27,290 12.51
Woodworking machine setters, operators, and tenders, except sawing 72,560 12.81 26,630 12.25
Woodworkers, all other 9,980 13.03 27,090 11.43
Nuclear power reactor operators 4,840 35.66 74,180 34.93
Power distributors and dispatchers 10,000 32.17 66,910 32.21
Power plant operators 36,860 28.97 60,270 29.04
Stationary engineers and boiler operators 37,270 25.02 52,040 24.70
Water and liquid waste treatment plant and system operators 109,090 19.99 41,580 19.16
Chemical plant and system operators 45,750 25.97 54,010 26.09
Gas plant operators 14,040 26.86 55,860 27.02
Petroleum pump system operators, refinery operators, and gaugers 46,230 27.40 56,990 27.37
Plant and system operators, all other 11,050 23.97 49,860 23.92
Chemical equipment operators and tenders 48,360 21.68 45,100 21.70
Separating, filtering, clarifying, precipitating, and still machine setters,
operators, and tenders 37,490 18.49 38,450 18.04
Crushing, grinding, and polishing machine setters, operators, and tenders 38,360 15.80 32,860 15.14
Grinding and polishing workers, hand 32,350 13.40 27,870 12.78
Mixing and blending machine setters, operators, and tenders 129,250 16.09 33,460 15.43
Cutters and trimmers, hand 20,180 12.59 26,190 11.64
Cutting and slicing machine setters, operators, and tenders 70,700 14.77 30,720 14.23
Extruding, forming, pressing, and compacting machine setters,
operators, and tenders 72,770 15.08 31,370 14.36
Furnace, kiln, oven, drier, and kettle operators and tenders 19,900 16.54 34,410 16.00
Inspectors, testers, sorters, samplers, and weighers 430,450 16.75 34,840 15.54
Jewelers and precious stone and metal workers 23,410 17.60 36,620 16.38
Dental laboratory technicians 40,480 18.12 37,690 16.74
Medical appliance technicians 13,760 18.55 38,590 16.83
Ophthalmic laboratory technicians 30,580 14.37 29,880 13.57
Packaging and filling machine operators and tenders 338,920 13.13 27,320 12.08
Coating, painting, and spraying machine setters, operators, and tenders 89,430 14.69 30,550 14.06
Painters, transportation equipment 46,810 19.82 41,220 18.38
Painting, coating, and decorating workers 28,460 12.47 25,940 11.44
Photographic process workers 18,390 14.28 29,710 12.73
Photographic processing machine operators 46,680 10.74 22,330 9.69
Semiconductor processors 25,750 15.92 33,110 15.18
Cementing and gluing machine operators and tenders 16,190 14.46 30,080 13.89
Cleaning, washing, and metal pickling equipment operators and tenders 19,550 12.88 26,800 11.86
Cooling and freezing equipment operators and tenders 9,160 13.96 29,040 12.75
Etchers and engravers 8,920 14.27 29,690 13.35
Molders, shapers, and casters, except metal and plastic 35,430 14.33 29,800 13.69
Paper goods machine setters, operators, and tenders 94,210 16.85 35,040 16.40
Tire builders 17,820 18.19 37,830 18.95
Helpers--production workers 433,370 11.54 24,000 10.75
Production workers, all other 239,550 14.97 31,130 13.33
Transportation and material moving occupations 8,844,700 15.47 32,180 13.46
Aircraft cargo handling supervisors 5,370 23.46 48,790 20.43
First-line supervisors/managers of helpers, laborers, and material movers, hand 174,540 21.76 45,250 20.65
First-line supervisors/managers of transportation and material-moving machine and
vehicle operators 205,780 26.32 54,750 25.12
Airline pilots, copilots, and flight engineers 74,420 (2) 117,060 (2)
Commercial pilots 29,180 (2) 73,060 (2)
Air traffic controllers 24,420 51.44 106,990 52.81
Airfield operations specialists 7,670 20.79 43,250 20.10
Ambulance drivers and attendants, except emergency medical technicians 19,570 11.13 23,140 10.66
Bus drivers, transit and intercity 177,510 17.30 35,990 16.43
Bus drivers, school 459,480 13.49 28,050 13.17
Driver/sales workers 363,050 12.83 26,690 10.93
Truck drivers, heavy and tractor-trailer 1,550,930 18.87 39,260 18.14
Truck drivers, light or delivery services 834,780 14.96 31,120 13.62
Taxi drivers and chauffeurs 167,740 11.51 23,930 10.56
Motor vehicle operators, all other 73,410 14.95 31,100 12.56
Locomotive engineers 43,560 25.77 53,590 23.01
Locomotive firers 960 24.71 51,400 22.63
Rail yard engineers, dinkey operators, and hostlers 5,360 17.35 36,090 16.02
Railroad brake, signal, and switch operators 24,270 23.85 49,600 23.09
Railroad conductors and yardmasters 41,540 26.39 54,900 25.93
Subway and streetcar operators 6,050 25.38 52,800 27.11
Rail transportation workers, all other 4,310 21.14 43,960 20.92
Sailors and marine oilers 31,950 17.94 37,310 17.22
Captains, mates, and pilots of water vessels 30,450 34.01 70,740 30.88
Motorboat operators 3,070 18.46 38,390 15.97
Ship engineers 10,850 33.38 69,420 30.59
Bridge and lock tenders 4,290 20.02 41,630 20.38
Parking lot attendants 129,990 9.90 20,600 9.23
Service station attendants 79,480 10.01 20,820 9.27
Traffic technicians 6,570 20.90 43,470 19.87
Transportation inspectors 24,250 29.38 61,110 27.06
Transportation workers, all other 39,870 16.94 35,240 15.39
Conveyor operators and tenders 38,730 14.59 30,350 13.92
Crane and tower operators 40,770 22.93 47,700 21.22
Dredge operators 1,990 18.43 38,330 16.63
Excavating and loading machine and dragline operators 57,990 18.53 38,540 17.28
Loading machine operators, underground mining 3,570 21.14 43,970 21.36
Hoist and winch operators 2,990 20.01 41,620 17.89
Industrial truck and tractor operators 568,270 15.02 31,240 14.21
Cleaners of vehicles and equipment 298,500 10.63 22,110 9.47
Laborers and freight, stock, and material movers, hand 2,135,790 12.16 25,290 11.11
Machine feeders and offbearers 129,180 13.19 27,430 12.64
Packers and packagers, hand 706,240 10.47 21,780 9.36
Gas compressor and gas pumping station operators 4,160 23.01 47,860 23.49
Pump operators, except wellhead pumpers 10,310 19.95 41,490 18.97
Wellhead pumpers 15,360 19.33 40,210 18.48
Refuse and recyclable material collectors 128,940 16.23 33,760 15.42
Shuttle car operators 3,520 22.31 46,400 21.91
Tank car, truck, and ship loaders 11,560 19.49 40,530 18.76
Material moving workers, all other 32,180 16.45 34,220 15.39
(1) Annual wages have been calculated by multiplying the hourly mean wage by a "year-round, full-time" hours figure of 2,080 hours;
for those occupations where there is not an hourly mean wage published, the annual wage has been directly calculated from the
reported survey data.
(2) Wages for some occupations that do not generally work year round, full time, are reported either as hourly wages or annual
salaries depending on how they are typically paid.
(3) Represents a wage above $80.00 per hour.
Table 2. Employment by industry and occupational group, May 2009
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Occupational group
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
| | | Business | | | Life, | | | | Arts, design, |
Industry | Total | | and | Computer and | Architecture | physical, | Community | | Education, | entertainment, | Healthcare
| | Management | financial | mathematical | and | and social | and social | Legal | training, and | sports, and | practitioner
| | | operations | science | engineering | science | services | | library | media | and technical
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
All industries | 130,647,610 | 6,116,380 | 6,063,670 | 3,303,690 | 2,412,730 | 1,308,380 | 1,891,320 | 999,020 | 8,488,740 | 1,745,670 | 7,200,950
| | | | | | | | | | |
Agriculture, forestry, fishing, | | | | | | | | | | |
and hunting .....................| 381,900 | 6,320 | 1,400 | 260 | 80 | 2,490 | (1) | (1) | 270 | 130 | 170
Mining ...........................| 683,880 | 33,640 | 22,950 | 5,160 | 35,530 | 19,560 | (1) | 2,220 | (1) | 350 | 2,500
Utilities ........................| 558,640 | 35,090 | 39,760 | 17,090 | 49,680 | 9,730 | (1) | 1,620 | 150 | 2,180 | 1,580
Construction .....................| 6,497,870 | 341,950 | 194,010 | 9,540 | 78,380 | 3,360 | 120 | 1,180 | (1) | 6,980 | 2,330
Manufacturing ....................| 12,444,560 | 657,010 | 403,790 | 267,850 | 754,010 | 147,140 | 160 | 5,150 | 1,120 | 80,000 | 17,410
Wholesale trade ..................| 5,734,040 | 337,630 | 216,620 | 169,720 | 60,920 | 31,760 | 350 | 2,480 | 730 | 55,200 | 13,560
Retail trade .....................| 14,974,830 | 329,550 | 138,310 | 56,120 | 4,490 | 5,190 | 520 | 1,240 | 4,860 | 103,820 | 462,380
Transportation and warehousing ...| 5,085,590 | 153,080 | 95,300 | 25,800 | 25,810 | 3,800 | 100 | 1,520 | 1,220 | 3,730 | 4,390
Information ......................| 2,876,820 | 204,890 | 158,330 | 421,000 | 58,010 | 26,070 | 240 | 6,720 | 14,540 | 446,580 | 1,080
Finance and insurance ............| 5,706,700 | 454,640 | 1,296,180 | 302,930 | 2,760 | 26,290 | 3,910 | 51,760 | 1,150 | 20,620 | 29,130
Real estate and rental | | | | | | | | | | |
and leasing .....................| 2,018,810 | 194,280 | 96,840 | 13,660 | 3,860 | 6,330 | 2,190 | 6,610 | 400 | 14,170 | 6,710
Professional, scientific, and | | | | | | | | | | |
technical services ..............| 7,610,310 | 564,510 | 963,250 | 1,124,020 | 894,100 | 382,200 | 6,880 | 607,180 | 17,910 | 322,070 | 159,690
Management of companies | | | | | | | | | | |
and enterprises.. ...............| 1,919,180 | 342,620 | 357,800 | 195,980 | 53,120 | 32,500 | 13,790 | 21,190 | 4,480 | 31,600 | 24,770
Administrative and support | | | | | | | | | | |
and waste management | | | | | | | | | | |
and remediation services ........| 7,528,410 | 241,120 | 281,100 | 134,870 | 65,040 | 27,050 | 10,190 | 19,260 | 27,930 | 37,650 | 158,620
Educational services | 12,795,350 | 563,430 | 237,440 | 193,360 | 22,360 | 169,370 | 295,800 | (1) | 7,558,080 | 234,010 | 245,280
Health care and social | | | | | | | | | | |
assistance ......................| 16,867,510 | 585,380 | 230,140 | 94,260 | 4,420 | 90,510 | 955,590 | 4,060 | 531,850 | 35,210 | 5,597,370
Arts, entertainment, and | | | | | | | | | | |
recreation ......................| 1,928,740 | 65,390 | 36,470 | 5,810 | 1,970 | 4,730 | 580 | 410 | 30,260 | 187,530 | 5,620
Accommodation and food | | | | | | | | | | |
services ........................| 11,282,380 | 283,890 | 37,320 | 2,570 | 320 | 1,430 | 350 | 200 | 460 | 14,480 | 3,840
Other services (except | | | | | | | | | | |
public administration) ..........| 3,823,970 | 189,350 | 203,130 | 27,970 | 6,770 | 14,570 | 103,740 | 8,730 | 74,700 | 85,890 | 9,030
Federal, state, and local | | | | | | | | | | |
government ......................| 9,928,110 | 532,590 | 1,053,500 | 235,740 | 291,100 | 304,280 | 496,780 | 253,740 | 218,570 | 63,470 | 455,470
| | | | | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | | | | |
| | | Food | Building and | Personal | | Office and | Farming, | | | | Transpor-
| Healthcare | Protective | preparation | grounds | care and | Sales and | administrative | fishing, | Construction | Installation, | | tation and
| support | service | and serving | cleaning and | service | related | support | and | and | maintenance, | Production | material
| | | related | maintenance | | | | forestry | extraction | and repair | | moving
|-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
| | | | | | | | | | | |
All industries | 3,886,690 | 3,172,420 | 11,218,260 | 4,269,480 | 3,461,910 | 13,715,050 | 22,336,450 | 419,200 | 5,751,630 | 5,114,150 | 8,927,130 | 8,844,700
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Agriculture, forestry, fishing, | | | | | | | | | | | |
and hunting .....................| 60 | 400 | (1) | 4,010 | 4,790 | 2,000 | 19,130 | 269,600 | 580 | 7,010 | 12,480 | 50,720
Mining ...........................| (1) | 710 | 500 | 1,440 | 180 | 8,930 | 56,570 | 280 | 280,920 | 59,280 | 53,650 | 99,490
Utilities ........................| (1) | 5,360 | (1) | 3,150 | (1) | 9,470 | 114,110 | 270 | 32,260 | 144,410 | 80,440 | 12,230
Construction .....................| (1) | 3,930 | 1,670 | 36,270 | 1,150 | 126,200 | 636,900 | 740 | 4,219,450 | 508,770 | 99,580 | 225,250
Manufacturing ....................| 740 | 17,120 | 34,220 | 76,680 | 780 | 376,570 | 1,208,460 | 31,590 | 211,200 | 618,890 | 6,441,390 | 1,093,270
Wholesale trade ..................| 970 | 5,070 | 4,930 | 26,150 | 1,340 | 1,539,110 | 1,341,020 | 47,670 | 22,410 | 372,100 | 306,910 | 1,177,390
Retail trade .....................| 58,490 | 66,840 | 483,120 | 118,480 | 88,920 | 8,151,620 | 2,612,420 | 18,640 | 48,120 | 721,040 | 413,760 | 1,086,930
Transportation and warehousing ...| 250 | 17,790 | 7,010 | 35,680 | 152,020 | 85,680 | 1,458,510 | 2,400 | 30,150 | 288,570 | 69,670 | 2,623,110
Information ......................| 100 | 4,480 | 43,510 | 12,660 | 55,890 | 378,400 | 622,940 | (1) | 4,080 | 296,950 | 64,180 | 56,150
Finance and insurance ............| 1,610 | 11,960 | 1,530 | 12,700 | 1,110 | 723,910 | 2,746,020 | 190 | 1,080 | 11,390 | 2,280 | 3,550
Real estate and rental | | | | | | | | | | | |
and leasing .....................| 3,910 | 28,460 | 21,470 | 147,940 | 21,650 | 501,310 | 450,590 | 890 | 28,710 | 326,710 | 9,850 | 132,280
Professional, scientific, and | | | | | | | | | | | |
technical services ..............| 70,960 | 12,020 | 5,750 | 33,970 | 33,580 | 336,910 | 1,776,170 | 4,200 | 59,590 | 71,020 | 106,780 | 57,570
Management of companies | | | | | | | | | | | |
and enterprises.. ...............| 6,180 | 7,950 | 11,040 | 10,230 | 7,410 | 96,850 | 565,470 | 1,080 | 8,090 | 41,640 | 27,080 | 58,330
Administrative and support | | | | | | | | | | | |
and waste management | | | | | | | | | | | |
and remediation services ........| 91,890 | 713,230 | 71,580 | 1,623,550 | 56,730 | 491,870 | 1,680,410 | 10,430 | 246,720 | 192,370 | 561,720 | 785,080
Educational services .............| 36,970 | 110,810 | 464,080 | 545,040 | 224,730 | 37,750 | 1,363,920 | 2,860 | 42,550 | 146,640 | 20,060 | 277,080
Health care and social | | | | | | | | | | | |
assistance ......................| 3,422,450 | 69,200 | 535,070 | 465,490 | 1,091,830 | 57,650 | 2,729,310 | 540 | 17,680 | 130,480 | 105,130 | 113,870
Arts, entertainment, and | | | | | | | | | | | |
recreation ......................| 5,020 | 74,010 | 308,910 | 186,650 | 559,830 | 149,140 | 179,590 | 2,370 | 9,340 | 69,030 | 5,590 | 40,490
Accommodation and food | | | | | | | | | | | |
services ........................| 7,920 | 65,600 | 9,010,680 | 576,290 | 137,240 | 348,070 | 413,330 | 550 | 4,350 | 95,710 | 74,860 | 202,920
Other services (except | | | | | | | | | | | |
public administration) ..........| 34,680 | 44,890 | 97,560 | 104,470 | 726,050 | 227,500 | 582,740 | 1,440 | 13,180 | 625,320 | 305,750 | 336,500
Federal, state, and local | | | | | | | | | | | |
government ......................| 144,410 | 1,912,600 | 115,610 | 248,650 | 296,670 | 66,120 | 1,778,850 | 23,450 | 471,170 | 386,820 | 166,000 | 412,500
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
(1) Data not available.
Table 3. Hourly mean wage rates by industry and occupational group, May 2009
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Occupational group
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
| | | | | | | | | | |
| | Business | | | Life, | | | | Arts, design, | |
Industry | | and | Computer and | Architecture | physical, | Community | | Education, | entertainment, | Healthcare | Healthcare
| Management | financial | mathematical | and | and social | and social | Legal | training, and | sports, and | practitioner | support
| | operations | science | engineering | science | services | | library | media | and technical |
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
| | | | | | | | | | |
All industries | $49.47| $31.68 | $36.68 | $35.38 | $31.57 | $20.55 | $46.07 | $23.81 | $24.87 | $33.51 | $12.84
| | | | | | | | | | |
Agriculture, forestry, fishing | | | | | | | | | | |
and hunting .....................| 41.18| 27.04 | 28.99 | 28.89 | 21.83 | (1) | (1) | 22.34 | 16.38 | 33.32 | 13.85
Mining ...........................| 57.09| 33.98 | 35.61 | 46.85 | 42.69 | (1) | 46.65 | (1) | 32.93 | 30.91 | (1)
Utilities ........................| 54.97| 34.40 | 36.94 | 37.29 | 33.47 | (1) | 59.13 | 29.75 | 32.17 | 34.89 | (1)
Construction .....................| 50.28| 30.52 | 31.50 | 33.29 | 29.35 | 17.61 | 49.83 | (1) | 22.59 | 28.67 | 10.79
Manufacturing ....................| 55.15| 31.26 | 40.97 | 35.51 | 32.08 | 26.14 | 62.85 | 27.31 | 24.73 | 30.07 | 17.17
Wholesale trade ..................| 58.12| 31.25 | 37.33 | 35.54 | 33.90 | 19.72 | 58.53 | 25.53 | 23.71 | 29.32 | 14.12
Retail trade .....................| 44.06| 26.15 | 28.21 | 31.67 | 26.92 | 19.08 | 37.27 | 19.63 | 15.16 | 28.71 | 10.66
Transportation and warehousing ...| 44.55| 28.97 | 33.39 | 34.19 | 31.17 | 22.06 | 55.54 | 24.78 | 23.66 | 24.59 | 16.16
Information ......................| 62.20| 34.47 | 38.12 | 36.88 | 37.47 | 18.67 | 57.98 | 20.66 | 27.83 | 29.99 | 20.10
Finance and insurance ............| 58.99| 33.33 | 37.15 | 38.51 | 32.82 | 24.17 | 39.34 | 27.71 | 28.03 | 31.32 | 15.65
Real estate and rental | | | | | | | | | | |
and leasing .....................| 37.58| 29.65 | 30.91 | 34.90 | 26.56 | 18.57 | 39.48 | 19.85 | 22.29 | 23.95 | 13.06
Professional, scientific, and | | | | | | | | | | |
technical services ..............| 63.96| 35.98 | 38.84 | 34.60 | 32.51 | 23.34 | 49.10 | 28.75 | 27.58 | 26.81 | 11.25
Management of companies | | | | | | | | | | |
and enterprises .................| 60.06| 32.66 | 36.37 | 38.01 | 36.48 | 20.38 | 58.32 | 19.79 | 28.44 | 32.43 | 15.53
Administrative and support | | | | | | | | | | |
and waste management | | | | | | | | | | |
and remediation services ........| 48.20| 29.22 | 32.66 | 32.86 | 27.49 | (1) | 34.17 | 21.56 | 24.96 | 29.98 | 13.12
Educational services .............| 43.92| 27.49 | 27.38 | 31.88 | 27.28 | 26.70 | 44.91 | 24.72 | 19.35 | 29.16 | 15.09
Health care and social | | | | | | | | | | |
assistance ......................| 40.50| 25.91 | 29.55 | 31.25 | 34.37 | 17.92 | 40.24 | 13.48 | 22.47 | 34.61 | 12.73
Arts, entertainment, and | | | | | | | | | | |
recreation ......................| 42.90| 31.58 | 28.15 | 40.32 | 24.15 | 17.03 | 67.57 | 19.60 | 25.40 | 22.27 | 19.55
Accommodation and food | | | | | | | | | | |
services ........................| 29.02| 23.42 | 26.61 | 31.63 | 22.79 | 16.26 | 40.82 | 14.37 | 18.84 | 23.72 | 16.98
Other services (except | | | | | | | | | | |
public administration) ..........| 42.37| 26.58 | 30.03 | 32.83 | 28.37 | 19.00 | 45.49 | 15.79 | 24.51 | 27.10 | 16.83
Federal, state, and local | | | | | | | | | | |
government ......................| 40.14| 30.60 | 34.92 | 36.51 | 30.51 | 22.26 | 39.43 | 21.23 | 27.01 | 31.80 | 14.90
| | | | | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | | | | |
| | Food | Building and | Personal | | Office and | Farming, | | | | Transpor-
| Protective | preparation | grounds | care and | Sales and | administrative | fishing, | Construction | Installation, | | tation and
| service | and serving | cleaning and | service | related | support | and | and | maintenance, | Production | material
| | related | maintenance | | | | forestry | extraction | and repair | | moving
|------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
| | | | | | | | | | |
All industries | 20.07 | 10.04 | 12.00 | 11.87 | 17.32 | 15.86 | 11.53 | 20.84 | 20.30 | 16.01 | 15.47
| | | | | | | | | | |
Agriculture, forestry, fishing, | | | | | | | | | | |
and hunting .....................| 11.15 | (1) | 12.65 | 13.60 | 28.10 | 13.77 | 10.66 | 16.95 | 15.93 | 11.71 | 12.32
Mining ...........................| 15.50 | 12.66 | 11.73 | 15.77 | 35.25 | 17.02 | 14.58 | 21.59 | 22.74 | 22.39 | 19.02
Utilities ........................| 23.61 | (1) | 16.31 | (1) | 29.15 | 20.06 | 13.41 | 25.91 | 28.19 | 28.73 | 22.31
Construction .....................| 14.80 | 11.10 | 12.96 | 12.32 | 28.40 | 16.30 | (1) | 20.93 | 20.60 | 18.72 | 17.62
Manufacturing ....................| 17.22 | 10.45 | 12.42 | 12.33 | 29.15 | 17.31 | 12.75 | 20.89 | 22.08 | 16.26 | 14.62
Wholesale trade ..................| 13.82 | 10.25 | 12.17 | 11.93 | 30.14 | 15.91 | 11.51 | 19.76 | 20.25 | 15.33 | 14.96
Retail trade .....................| 13.09 | 10.48 | 10.44 | 10.15 | 12.00 | 12.04 | 10.95 | 18.06 | 17.64 | 13.51 | 11.41
Transportation and warehousing ...| 17.66 | 13.07 | 18.46 | 17.40 | 25.61 | 19.57 | 12.82 | 23.19 | 22.78 | 19.34 | 19.00
Information ......................| 17.21 | 9.07 | 12.58 | 10.21 | 25.17 | 17.35 | (1) | 25.71 | 25.79 | 17.36 | 14.01
Finance and insurance ............| 19.98 | 13.06 | 11.97 | 13.70 | 33.59 | 16.29 | 11.77 | 24.45 | 19.30 | 17.80 | 18.18
Real estate and rental | | | | | | | | | | |
and leasing .....................| 14.10 | 10.62 | 12.17 | 13.04 | 18.55 | 15.28 | 12.58 | 21.14 | 16.61 | 16.94 | 13.11
Professional, scientific, and | | | | | | | | | | |
technical services ..............| 22.93 | 11.50 | 12.38 | 10.29 | 30.57 | 17.28 | 14.18 | 23.72 | 22.11 | 17.73 | 14.93
Management of companies | | | | | | | | | | |
and enterprises .................| 18.46 | 13.61 | 13.15 | 12.42 | 30.27 | 17.95 | 16.91 | 24.34 | 22.38 | 19.44 | 16.03
Administrative and support | | | | | | | | | | |
and waste management | | | | | | | | | | |
and remediation services ........| 12.42 | 10.90 | 11.66 | 11.54 | 16.79 | 14.35 | 11.62 | 17.50 | 18.73 | 12.37 | 12.64
Educational services .............| 16.01 | 11.00 | 13.95 | 12.01 | 18.65 | 15.91 | 15.71 | 22.41 | 19.35 | 20.36 | 13.69
Health care and social | | | | | | | | | | |
assistance ......................| 14.82 | 10.96 | 11.28 | 10.23 | 17.75 | 15.31 | 10.84 | 22.86 | 18.15 | 12.69 | 12.01
Arts, entertainment, and | | | | | | | | | | |
recreation ......................| 11.72 | 10.78 | 11.95 | 12.70 | 11.89 | 13.90 | 12.07 | 23.97 | 17.00 | 16.81 | 13.47
Accommodation and food | | | | | | | | | | |
services ........................| 12.80 | 9.84 | 10.34 | 11.99 | 9.84 | 12.25 | 13.01 | 21.43 | 15.44 | 11.12 | 9.56
Other services (except | | | | | | | | | | |
public administration) ..........| 11.23 | 10.04 | 11.44 | 12.50 | 14.46 | 14.44 | 14.53 | 21.21 | 18.24 | 12.85 | 11.11
Federal, state, and local | | | | | | | | | | |
government ......................| 24.53 | 12.76 | 14.75 | 12.70 | 15.87 | 17.58 | 18.64 | 20.45 | 22.27 | 22.39 | 20.72
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
(1) Data not available.
Table 4. National employment and wage data for occupations with employment greater than 700,000, May 2009
Occupation (1) Major occupational group Employment Median wages Mean hourly
Hourly Annual(1) wages
Retail salespersons Sales and related 4,209,500 $9.74 $20,260 $11.84
Cashiers Sales and related 3,439,380 8.57 17,820 9.15
General office clerks Office and administrative support 2,815,240 12.57 26,140 13.32
Combined food preparation and serving workers, including
fast food Food preparation and serving related 2,695,740 8.28 17,220 8.71
Registered nurses Healthcare practitioner and technical 2,583,770 30.65 63,750 31.99
Waiters and waitresses Food preparation and serving related 2,302,070 8.50 17,690 9.80
Customer service representatives Office and administrative support 2,195,860 14.56 30,290 15.58
Laborers and freight, stock, and material movers, hand Transportation and material moving 2,135,790 11.11 23,110 12.16
Janitors and cleaners, except maids and housekeeping cleaners Building and grounds cleaning and maintenance 2,090,400 10.56 21,970 11.60
Stock clerks and order fillers Office and administrative support 1,864,410 10.08 20,960 11.28
Secretaries, except legal, medical, and executive Office and administrative support 1,797,670 14.41 29,980 14.93
Bookkeeping, accounting, and auditing clerks Office and administrative support 1,757,870 16.08 33,450 16.71
General and operations managers Management 1,689,680 44.55 92,650 53.15
Truck drivers, heavy and tractor-trailer Transportation and material moving 1,550,930 18.14 37,730 18.87
Elementary school teachers, except special education Education, training, and library 1,544,300 (2) 50,510 (2)
Nursing aides, orderlies, and attendants Healthcare support 1,438,010 11.56 24,040 12.01
Sales representatives, wholesale and manufacturing, except
technical and scientific products Sales and related 1,409,780 24.48 50,920 29.52
First-line supervisors/managers of office and administrative
support workers Office and administrative support 1,381,060 22.55 46,910 24.04
Executive secretaries and administrative assistants Office and administrative support 1,361,170 20.03 41,650 21.16
Teacher assistants Education, training, and library 1,275,410 (2) 22,820 (2)
Maintenance and repair workers, general Installation, maintenance, and repair 1,268,930 16.65 34,620 17.56
First-line supervisors/managers of retail sales workers Sales and related 1,163,040 16.78 34,900 18.81
Accountants and auditors Business and financial operations 1,106,980 29.01 60,340 32.42
Secondary school teachers, except special and vocational
education Education, training, and library 1,091,710 (2) 52,200 (2)
Receptionists and information clerks Office and administrative support 1,052,120 12.05 25,070 12.50
Business operations specialists, all other Business and financial operations 1,036,450 29.14 60,610 31.71
Security guards Protective service 1,028,830 11.45 23,820 12.70
Team assemblers Production 997,390 12.89 26,820 13.87
Home health aides Healthcare support 955,220 9.85 20,480 10.39
Cooks, restaurant Food preparation and serving related 898,820 10.66 22,170 11.11
Maids and housekeeping cleaners Building and grounds cleaning and maintenance 887,890 9.26 19,250 10.02
Landscaping and groundskeeping workers Building and grounds cleaning and maintenance 859,960 11.29 23,480 12.18
Construction laborers Construction and extraction 856,440 14.01 29,150 15.96
Food preparation workers Food preparation and serving related 849,400 9.15 19,020 9.82
Truck drivers, light or delivery services Transportation and material moving 834,780 13.62 28,330 14.96
First-line supervisors/managers of food preparation and
serving workers Food preparation and serving related 791,750 14.17 29,470 15.12
Carpenters Construction and extraction 743,760 18.98 39,470 20.98
Licensed practical and licensed vocational nurses Healthcare practitioner and technical 728,670 19.14 39,820 19.66
Shipping, receiving, and traffic clerks Office and administrative support 715,130 13.58 28,250 14.35
Packers and packagers, hand Transportation and material moving 706,240 9.36 19,470 10.47
1 Annual wages have been calculated by multiplying the hourly mean wage by a "year-round, full-time" hours figure of 2,080 hours;
for those occupations where there is not an hourly mean wage published, the annual wage has been directly calculated from the
reported survey data.
2 Wages for some occupations that do not generally work year round, full time, are reported either as hourly wages or annual
salaries depending on how they are typically paid.
Table 5. National employment and wage data for occupations with employment less than 4,000, May 2009
Occupation (1) Major occupational group Employment Median wages Mean hourly
Hourly Annual(2) wages
Shoe machine operators and tenders Production 3,990 $12.69 $26,390 $12.80
Political scientists Life, physical, and social science 3,970 50.04 104,090 48.58
Library science teachers, postsecondary Education, training, and library 3,940 (3) 60,650 (3)
Geography teachers, postsecondary Education, training, and library 3,930 (3) 65,420 (3)
Transit and railroad police Protective service 3,930 24.49 50,940 25.17
Historians Life, physical, and social science 3,620 24.54 51,050 27.09
Loading machine operators, underground mining Transportation and material moving 3,570 21.36 44,420 21.14
Shuttle car operators Transportation and material moving 3,520 21.91 45,560 22.31
Rock splitters, quarry Construction and extraction 3,430 13.96 29,040 14.64
Gaming managers Management 3,390 32.40 67,380 35.59
Camera and photograph equipment repairers Installation, maintenance, and repair 3,290 17.03 35,420 18.85
Farm, ranch, and other agricultural managers Management 3,250 28.58 59,450 31.13
Motorboat operators Transportation and material moving 3,070 15.97 33,210 18.46
Commercial divers Installation, maintenance, and repair 3,030 25.26 52,540 27.91
Hoist and winch operators Transportation and material moving 2,990 17.89 37,220 20.01
Log graders and scalers Farming, fishing, and forestry 2,940 16.20 33,700 17.09
Communications equipment operators, all other Office and administrative support 2,810 18.12 37,700 18.68
Mathematicians Computer and mathematical science 2,770 44.99 93,580 45.16
Agricultural engineers Architecture and engineering 2,620 33.44 69,560 35.89
Mathematical scientists, all other Computer and mathematical science 2,610 23.18 48,210 29.74
Forestry and conservation science teachers, postsecondary Education, training, and library 2,380 (3) 66,930 (3)
Watch repairers Installation, maintenance, and repair 2,350 18.12 37,680 19.62
Timing device assemblers, adjusters, and calibrators Production 2,260 13.50 28,070 14.41
Animal scientists Life, physical, and social science 2,190 27.38 56,960 31.02
Refractory materials repairers, except brickmasons Installation, maintenance, and repair 2,080 19.97 41,530 20.82
Dredge operators Transportation and material moving 1,990 16.63 34,590 18.43
Makeup artists, theatrical and performance Personal care and service 1,930 15.12 31,450 21.64
Model makers, wood Production 1,900 14.72 30,610 16.33
Industrial-organizational psychologists Life, physical, and social science 1,710 40.03 83,260 49.31
Animal breeders Farming, fishing, and forestry 1,700 14.27 29,680 16.93
Forest fire inspectors and prevention specialists Protective service 1,540 15.83 32,940 18.36
Patternmakers, wood Production 1,540 15.48 32,190 18.53
Models Sales and related 1,510 13.14 27,330 17.51
Astronomers Life, physical, and social science 1,240 50.35 104,720 49.40
Geographers Life, physical, and social science 1,170 34.36 71,470 34.33
Mathematical technicians Computer and mathematical science 1,090 19.83 41,240 21.27
Segmental pavers Construction and extraction 1,040 13.33 27,720 13.81
Farm labor contractors Farming, fishing, and forestry 1,000 14.62 30,400 17.37
Locomotive firers Transportation and material moving 960 22.63 47,060 24.71
Radio operators Arts, design, entertainment, sports, and media 870 20.69 43,040 20.86
Fabric menders, except garment Installation, maintenance, and repair 840 13.50 28,090 13.28
Prosthodontists Healthcare practitioner and technical 660 53.42 111,110 60.29
1 Some occupations concentrated in private households and in the agricultural sector (except logging and support activities for crop and animal
production) which are not covered by the OES survey have been omitted.
2 Annual wages have been calculated by multiplying the hourly mean wage by a "year-round, full-time" hours figure of 2,080 hours;
for those occupations where there is not an hourly mean wage published, the annual wage has been directly calculated from the
reported survey data.
3 Wages for some occupations that do not generally work year round, full time, are reported either as hourly wages or annual
salaries depending on how they are typically paid.
Table 6. National employment and wages by industry for laborers and freight, stock, and material
movers, hand, May 2009
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
| | | |
Industry | | Percent of | Median wages | Mean
| Employment |occupational|------------------| hourly
| | employment | Hourly | Annual | Wage
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------|--------
| | | | |
Total, all industries (1) .............| 2,135,790 | 100.0 | $11.11 | $23,110| $12.16
| | | | |
Employment services.......................| 288,460 | 13.5 | 9.30 | 19,340| 10.33
Warehousing and storage...................| 148,100 | 6.9 | 12.67 | 26,350| 13.25
Other general merchandise stores..........| 72,890 | 3.4 | 9.29 | 19,320| 10.32
Grocery and related product | | | | |
merchant wholesalers.....................| 69,540 | 3.3 | 12.22 | 25,410| 13.03
Building equipment contractors............| 66,080 | 3.1 | 13.78 | 28,660| 14.58
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
(1) Includes other industries, not shown separately.
Table 7. National employment and wages for the 10 largest occupations in the employment services industry, May 2009
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
| | | |
| | | Median wages |
Occupation | | Percent of |------------------| Mean
| Employment | industry | | | hourly
| | employment| Hourly | Annual | Wage
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Employment services (NAICS 561300): | | | | |
| | | | |
Laborers and freight, stock, and material movers, hand........| 288,460 | 10.7 | $9.30 | $19,340 | $10.33
Office clerks, general........................................| 150,700 | 5.6 | 11.83 | 24,610 | 12.42
Team assemblers.................................. ............| 122,540 | 4.6 | 9.83 | 20,440 | 11.01
Packers and packagers, hand.... ..............................| 110,990 | 4.1 | 8.83 | 18,380 | 9.47
Helpers--production workers...................................| 101,670 | 3.8 | 9.48 | 19,720 | 10.30
Customer service representatives..............................| 85,020 | 3.2 | 13.31 | 27,690 | 13.78
Employment, recruitment, and placement specialists............| 76,970 | 2.9 | 20.68 | 43,010 | 25.61
Construction laborers.........................................| 76,450 | 2.9 | 11.15 | 23,200 | 13.16
Registered nurses.............................................| 73,700 | 2.7 | 33.18 | 69,010 | 33.71
Secretaries, except legal, medical, and executive.............| 51,060 | 1.9 | 14.19 | 29,520 | 14.82
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Table 8. States with highest employment and highest employment concentration in selected occupations. May 2009
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
|
Highest employment | Highest employment concentration
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
| | | | | | |
| | Employment | Hourly | | | Employment | Hourly
State | Employment| per 1,000 | mean | State | Employment| per 1,000 | mean
| | jobs (1) | wage | | | jobs (1) | wage
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Cashiers
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
| | | | | | |
California...............| 350,160 | 24.1 | $10.85 |Mississippi..........| 41,660 | 38.0 | $8.33
Texas....................| 276,020 | 26.8 | 8.43 |New Hampshire........| 23,040 | 37.2 | 9.15
Florida..................| 222,710 | 30.3 | 8.83 |Alabama..............| 66,620 | 35.7 | 8.13
New York ................| 201,030 | 23.7 | 9.47 |Louisiana............| 64,780 | 34.6 | 8.03
Pennsylvania.............| 152,690 | 27.4 | 8.77 |South Carolina.......| 57,560 | 31.9 | 8.25
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Janitors and cleaners, except maids and housekeeping cleaners
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
| | | | | | |
California ..............| 199,070 | 13.7 | $12.68 |Nevada...............| 28,720 | 24.3 | $12.42
New York ................| 177,080 | 20.9 | 13.51 |District of Columbia.| 14,600 | 22.9 | 12.06
Texas....................| 147,670 | 14.4 | 9.79 |Hawaii...............| 12,770 | 21.7 | 12.45
Florida..................| 112,490 | 15.3 | 10.36 |South Dakota.........| 8,340 | 21.2 | 10.06
Illinois.................| 96,220 | 16.9 | 12.34 |New York.............| 177,080 | 20.9 | 13.51
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Team assemblers
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
| | | | | | |
California ..............| 78,460 | 5.4 | $12.94 |South Carolina.......| 37,460 | 20.8 | $14.93
Indiana..................| 56,570 | 20.3 | 15.77 |Indiana..............| 56,570 | 20.3 | 15.77
Illinois.................| 56,340 | 9.9 | 13.40 |Tennessee............| 41,640 | 15.9 | 15.11
Texas....................| 55,780 | 5.4 | 11.81 |Iowa.................| 22,920 | 15.6 | 14.82
Ohio.....................| 53,660 | 10.5 | 14.63 |Alabama..............| 29,020 | 15.6 | 16.93
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Home health aides
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
| | | | | | |
New York ................| 129,200 | 15.2 | $11.30 |North Carolina.......| 75,990 | 19.5 | $9.71
Texas....................| 94,260 | 9.2 | 9.06 |New York.............| 129,200 | 15.2 | 11.30
North Carolina...........| 75,990 | 19.5 | 9.71 |Minnesota............| 36,760 | 14.0 | 11.22
Pennsylvania.............| 63,310 | 11.4 | 10.59 |Ohio.................| 61,610 | 12.1 | 9.78
Ohio.....................| 61,610 | 12.1 | 9.78 |Rhode Island.........| 5,290 | 11.5 | 12.53
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
(1) Represents state employment in selected occupation per 1,000 jobs in state.
Table 9. Metropolitan areas or divisions with highest employment and highest employment concentration in selected occupations, May 2009
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
|
Highest employment | Highest employment concentration
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
| | | | | | |
| | Employment | Hourly | | | Employment | Hourly
Metropolitan area or division |Employment | per 1,000 | mean | Metropolitan area or division |Employment | per 1,000 | mean
| | jobs (1) | wage | | | jobs (1) | wage
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Cashiers
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
| | | | | | |
New York-White Plains-Wayne, NY-NJ | | | | | | |
metropolitan division................| 98,830 | 19.5 | $10.05 |Kankakee-Bradley, IL.............| 2,930 | 69.8 | $9.35
Los Angeles-Long Beach-Glendale, CA | | | | | | |
metropolitan division ...............| 92,130 | 23.3 | 10.54 |Palm Coast, FL...................| 800 | 49.4 | 8.99
Chicago-Naperville-Joliet, IL | | | | | | |
metropolitan division ...............| 81,060 | 22.1 | 9.37 |Bay City, MI.....................| 1,740 | 48.9 | 8.56
Houston-Sugar Land-Baytown, TX .......| 60,740 | 23.7 | 8.56 |Anniston-Oxford, AL..............| 2,190 | 47.4 | 7.86
Atlanta-Sandy Springs-Marietta, GA....| 51,440 | 22.5 | 8.78 |Punta Gorda, FL..................| 1,810 | 47.3 | 8.79
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Janitors and cleaners, except maids and housekeeping cleaners
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
| | | | | | |
New York-White Plains-Wayne, NY-NJ | | | | | | |
metropolitan division ...............| 106,870 | 21.1 | $14.12 |Las Vegas-Paradise, NV...........| 22,500 | 26.2 | $12.83
Chicago-Naperville-Joliet, IL | | | | | | |
metropolitan division ...............| 63,640 | 17.3 | 12.62 |Pocatello, ID....................| 940 | 26.2 | 12.35
Los Angeles-Long Beach-Glendale, CA | | | | | | |
metropolitan division ...............| 52,180 | 13.2 | 12.23 |Shreveport-Bossier City, LA......| 4,300 | 24.8 | 8.83
Washington-Arlington-Alexandria, | | | | | | |
DC-VA-MD-WV metropolitan division....| 44,730 | 19.4 | 11.84 |Greenville, NC...................| 1,810 | 24.7 | 9.35
Houston-Sugar Land-Baytown, TX .......| 41,280 | 16.1 | 9.60 |Holland-Grand Haven, MI..........| 2,470 | 24.6 | 11.38
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Team assemblers
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
| | | | | | |
Chicago-Naperville-Joliet, IL | | | | | | |
metropolitan division ...............| 30,680 | 8.4 | $12.83 |Elkhart-Goshen, IN...............| 7,920 | 79.5 | $16.08
Los Angeles-Long Beach-Glendale, CA | | | | | | |
metropolitan division ...............| 19,990 | 5.0 | 12.41 |Lafayette, IN....................| 4,520 | 54.9 | 20.13
Atlanta-Sandy Springs-Marietta, GA....| 19,110 | 8.3 | 12.26 |Spartanburg, SC..................| 5,990 | 51.4 | 23.31
Houston-Sugar Land-Baytown, TX .......| 17,770 | 6.9 | 11.81 |Tuscaloosa, AL.. ................| 4,170 | 46.3 | 25.14
Minneapolis-St. Paul-Bloomington,.....| | | | | | |
MN-WI................................| 14,450 | 8.4 | 14.34 |Rocky Mount, NC..................| 2,620 | 44.5 | 11.68
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Home health aides
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
| | | | | | |
New York-White Plains-Wayne, NY-NJ | | | | | | |
metropolitan division ...............| 82,710 | 16.3 | $10.61 |Goldsboro, NC....................| 2,210 | 50.2 | $9.15
Philadelphia, PA metropolitan division| 21,830 | 11.9 | 11.43 |Brownsville-Harlingen, TX........| 4,550 | 37.0 | 7.66
Chicago-Naperville-Joliet, IL | | | | | | |
metropolitan division ...............| 18,930 | 5.2 | 11.14 |Fayetteville, NC.................| 3,560 | 28.2 | 9.67
Houston-Sugar Land-Baytown, TX .......| 18,420 | 7.2 | 10.01 |Duluth, MN-WI....................| 3,270 | 26.4 | 10.39
Minneapolis-St. Paul-Bloomington,.....| | | | | | |
MN-WI................................| 18,390 | 10.6 | 11.97 |Rocky Mount, NC..................| 1,460 | 24.9 | 9.36
-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
(1) Represents metropolitan area employment in selected occupation per 1,000 area jobs.
United States Department of Labor
