• Overview
• Concepts
• Data sources
  • BLS data
  • Census data
  • U.S. Bureau of Economic Analysis data
  • Other sources: government
  • Other sources: private
• Design
• Calculation
• Presentation
• History
• More Info

Handbook of Methods Employment Projections Data sources

Employment Projections: Data sources

Instead of collecting primary source data through surveys or censuses, the Employment Projections (EP) program relies predominantly on publicly available data that is produced by other U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics (BLS) programs and other government offices. In addition, BLS uses data accessed through a contract with S&P Global Market Intelligence.

BLS data

EP makes extensive use of BLS datasets in its projections. Data from the Current Population Survey (CPS) are used in the labor force, industry, and occupational employment projections. Current Employment Statistics (CES) data are also used to project industry employment, as are data from the Quarterly Census of Employment and Wages (QCEW). Occupational Employment and Wage Statistics (OEWS) data are used to project occupational employment.

Census data

EP bases labor force projections on long-term demographic projections published by the U.S. Census Bureau. EP also uses U.S. Census Bureau International Trade data as a supplement in producing the final demand data.

U.S. Bureau of Economic Analysis data

EP relies on the U.S. Bureau of Economic Analysis (BEA) for the final demand and intermediate output data. The main BEA data sources are the National Income and Product Accounts (NIPAs) and the Industry Economic Accounts (IEAs). 

Other sources: government

Due to the specific nature of some industries, EP also uses additional sources to estimate their historic and projected data, such as energy historical and outlook information from the Energy Information Administration (EIA) and the Non-Accelerating Rate of Unemployment (NAIRU) from the Congressional Budget Office. 

Other sources: private

BLS also contracts with S&P Global Market Intelligence for use of the U.S. Macro Model, which contains a large number of data series and models that are integral to the EP production process.

Using all these sources, EP analysts construct a historical time series of final demand, commodity output, industry output, and industry employment. At each stage, analysts review all time series for outliers and adjust them where necessary using analyst discretion based on qualitative and statistical assessments of the relative reliability of conflicting data. Similar review processes are used for projected data. Major data sources are listed in exhibit 1 below.