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In this paper, we demonstrate how establishment survey questionnaire design can be improved by utilizing different research methods such as focus groups, document design analyses, pretests, and response analysis surveys. We discuss the lack of research on establishment survey methods in the past, uncover differences between establishment and household surveys, and highlight cognitively-oriented Bureau of Labor Statistics' work on designing establishment survey questionnaires. The results indicate that each research method contributes to improving establishment survey questionnaire design by reducing various types of measurement errors.