
An official website of the United States government
15-1337-CHI
Tuesday, July 07, 2015
From June 2014 to September 2014 gross job gains in Indiana totaled 133,763, while gross job losses numbered 131,464, the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics reported today. Regional Commissioner Charlene Peiffer, noted that gross job gains exceeded gross job losses by 2,299. During the previous quarter, gross job gains exceeded gross job losses by 21,347.
The change in the number of jobs over time is the net result of increases and decreases in employment that occur at all businesses in the economy. Business Employment Dynamics (BED) statistics track these changes in employment at private business establishments from the third month of one quarter to the third month of the next. Gross job gains are the sum of increases in employment from expansions at existing establishments and the addition of new jobs at opening establishments. Gross job losses are the result of contractions in employment at existing establishments and the loss of jobs at closing establishments. The difference between the number of gross job gains and the number of gross job losses is the net change in employment. (See the Technical Note for more information.)
Gross job gains in Indiana have trended upward since bottoming out at 117,167 in March 2009. Although Indiana’s gross job gains have been above 125,000 in each quarter since this low point, the state’s 133,763 gross job gains in September 2014 were down 18,599 from their recent peak of 152,362 reached in March 2012. Gross job losses in September 2014 totaled 131,464 in the state, 11,871 more than the recent low of 119,593 in March 2011. (See chart 1.) Indiana’s gross job losses were highest in March 2009 when 193,175 jobs were lost.
Gross job gains represented 5.3 percent of private sector employment in Indiana in the third quarter of 2014, while nationally gross job gains accounted for 6.2 percent of private sector employment. (See chart 2.) The rate of gross job gains in Indiana has been at or below the U.S. rate in all but a few quarters since the series began in September 1992. The state’s rate of gross job losses as a percent of private sector employment was 5.3 percent, lower than the national rate of 5.8 percent in the third quarter of 2014. Indiana’s rate of gross job losses has been below the U.S. rate in all but three instances since the quarterly series began.
During the third quarter of 2014, Indiana gross job gains exceeded gross job losses in six industry sectors. For example, more than 16,000 jobs were created by opening and expanding establishments in the education and health services industry during the period, though more than 14,000 jobs were lost at closing and contracting establishments. The resulting net gain of 1,847 jobs was the largest of any sector in the third quarter 2014. Other industries showing net job gains included professional and business services and financial activities. Within the professional and business services industry, almost 25,000 jobs were created at opening and expanding establishments, while more than 23,000 jobs were lost at closing and contracting establishments, resulting in a net gain of 1,593 jobs. Financial activities recorded a net employment gain of 1,144, with over 6,400 gross job gains in opening and expanding establishments and more than 5,300 job losses in closing and contracting establishments. (See table 1.)
In contrast, gross job losses exceeded gross job gains in five industry sectors. Within leisure and hospitality, gross job losses exceeded gross job gains by 2,092. In each of the four other sectors—construction, other services, retail trade, and information—gross job losses exceeded gross job gains by less than 900.
In the third quarter of 2014, Indiana was the only state among the five East North Central states where gross job gains exceeded gross job losses. (See table A.) All five states had rates of gross job gains that were lower than the 6.2-percent national rate. Indiana, Ohio, and Wisconsin had rates of gross job losses that were below the 5.8-percent national rate. Two states (Illinois and Michigan) had rates of gross job losses that were equal to the national rate.
Area | Gross job gains | Gross job losses | Net change | Net change as a percent of total employment | ||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Total | As a percent of total employment | Total | As a percent of total employment | |||
United States | 7,179,000 | 6.2 | 6,637,000 | 5.8 | 542,000 | 0.4 |
East North Central | 978,685 | — | 1,007,820 | — | -29,135 | — |
Illinois | 279,907 | 5.7 | 289,157 | 5.8 | -9,250 | -0.1 |
Indiana | 133,763 | 5.3 | 131,464 | 5.3 | 2,299 | 0.0 |
Michigan | 192,391 | 5.5 | 205,613 | 5.8 | -13,222 | -0.3 |
Ohio | 246,052 | 5.5 | 248,466 | 5.5 | -2,414 | 0.0 |
Wisconsin | 126,572 | 5.3 | 133,120 | 5.6 | -6,548 | -0.3 |
Note: Dash indicates data not available. |
BED data for the states have been included in table 2 of this release. For more information on the Business Employment Dynamics data, visit the BED web site at www.bls.gov/bdm/.
The Business Employment Dynamics release for fourth quarter 2014 is scheduled to be released on Wednesday, July 29, 2015 at 10:00 a.m. (EDT).
The Business Employment Dynamics (BED) data are a product of a federal-state cooperative program known as Quarterly Census of Employment and Wages (QCEW), or the ES-202 program. The BED data are compiled from existing QCEW records. The QCEW reports are sent by the State Employment Security Agencies (SESAs) to BLS and form the basis of the Bureau’s QCEW program and establishment universe sampling frame. These reports are also used to produce the QCEW data on total employment and wages. Other important Bureau uses of the QCEW reports are in the Current Employment Statistics (CES) program. The CES program produces monthly estimates of employment, net changes, and earnings by detailed industry.
In the BED program, the QCEW records are linked across quarters to provide a longitudinal history for each establishment. The linkage process allows the tracking of net employment changes at the establishment level, which in turn allows the estimation of jobs gained at opening and expanding establishments and jobs lost at closing and contracting establishments.
The change in the number of jobs over time is the net result of increases and decreases in employment that occur at all businesses in the economy. BED statistics track these changes in employment at private business establishments from the third month of one quarter to the third month of the next. Gross job gains are the sum of increases in employment from expansions at existing establishments and the addition of new jobs at opening establishments. Gross job losses are the result of contractions in employment at existing establishments and the loss of jobs at closing establishments. The difference between the number of gross jobs gained and the number of gross jobs lost is the net change in employment.
Gross job gains and gross job losses are expressed as rates by dividing their levels by the average of employment in the current and previous quarters. The rates are calculated for the components of gross job gains and gross job losses and then summed to form their respective totals. These rates can be added and subtracted just as their levels can. For instance, the difference between the gross job gains rate and the gross job losses rate is the net growth rate.
The formal definitions of employment changes are as follows:
Openings. These are either establishments with positive third month employment for the first time in the current quarter, with no links to the prior quarter, or with positive third month employment in the current quarter following zero employment in the previous quarter.
Expansions. These are establishments with positive employment in the third month in both the previous and current quarters, with a net increase in employment over this period.
Closings. These are either establishments with positive third month employment in the previous quarter, with no employment or zero employment reported in the current quarter.
Contractions. These are establishments with positive employment in the third month in both the previous and current quarters, with a net decrease in employment over this period.
Information in this release will be made available to sensory impaired individuals upon request. Voice phone: (202) 691-5200; Federal Relay Service: (800) 877-8339.
Category | Gross job gains and job losses (3 months ended) | Gross job gains and job losses as a percent of employment (3 months ended) | ||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Sept. 2013 | Dec. 2013 | Mar. 2014 | June 2014 | Sept. 2014 | Sept. 2013 | Dec. 2013 | Mar. 2014 | June 2014 | Sept. 2014 | |
Total private (1) | ||||||||||
Gross job gains | 137,321 | 151,123 | 130,738 | 146,372 | 133,763 | 5.6 | 6.1 | 5.3 | 5.9 | 5.3 |
At expanding establishments | 116,027 | 130,771 | 111,122 | 121,072 | 111,320 | 4.7 | 5.3 | 4.5 | 4.9 | 4.4 |
At opening establishments | 21,294 | 20,352 | 19,616 | 25,300 | 22,443 | 0.9 | 0.8 | 0.8 | 1.0 | 0.9 |
Gross job losses | 131,335 | 126,070 | 137,774 | 125,025 | 131,464 | 5.4 | 5.1 | 5.5 | 5.0 | 5.3 |
At contracting establishments | 112,120 | 104,359 | 117,071 | 105,011 | 111,535 | 4.6 | 4.2 | 4.7 | 4.2 | 4.5 |
At closing establishments | 19,215 | 21,711 | 20,703 | 20,014 | 19,929 | 0.8 | 0.9 | 0.8 | 0.8 | 0.8 |
Net employment change (2) | 5,986 | 25,053 | -7,036 | 21,347 | 2,299 | 0.2 | 1.0 | -0.2 | 0.9 | 0.0 |
Construction | ||||||||||
Gross job gains | 12,693 | 13,938 | 13,439 | 14,941 | 12,509 | 10.3 | 11.4 | 11.0 | 12.2 | 10.1 |
At expanding establishments | 10,530 | 11,953 | 11,227 | 12,532 | 10,252 | 8.5 | 9.8 | 9.2 | 10.2 | 8.3 |
At opening establishments | 2,163 | 1,985 | 2,212 | 2,409 | 2,257 | 1.8 | 1.6 | 1.8 | 2.0 | 1.8 |
Gross job losses | 14,939 | 13,939 | 13,713 | 12,861 | 13,320 | 12.1 | 11.4 | 11.2 | 10.4 | 10.8 |
At contracting establishments | 12,986 | 11,327 | 11,305 | 10,334 | 11,245 | 10.5 | 9.3 | 9.2 | 8.4 | 9.1 |
At closing establishments | 1,953 | 2,612 | 2,408 | 2,527 | 2,075 | 1.6 | 2.1 | 2.0 | 2.0 | 1.7 |
Net employment change (2) | -2,246 | -1 | -274 | 2,080 | -811 | -1.8 | 0.0 | -0.2 | 1.8 | -0.7 |
Manufacturing | ||||||||||
Gross job gains | 15,046 | 17,154 | 15,399 | 16,160 | 13,463 | 3.0 | 3.4 | 3.1 | 3.2 | 2.6 |
At expanding establishments | 14,355 | 16,081 | 14,796 | 15,119 | 12,706 | 2.9 | 3.2 | 3.0 | 3.0 | 2.5 |
At opening establishments | 691 | 1,073 | 603 | 1,041 | 757 | 0.1 | 0.2 | 0.1 | 0.2 | 0.1 |
Gross job losses | 14,570 | 11,826 | 11,313 | 11,503 | 12,722 | 3.0 | 2.4 | 2.3 | 2.3 | 2.5 |
At contracting establishments | 13,620 | 10,777 | 10,445 | 10,417 | 11,830 | 2.8 | 2.2 | 2.1 | 2.1 | 2.3 |
At closing establishments | 950 | 1,049 | 868 | 1,086 | 892 | 0.2 | 0.2 | 0.2 | 0.2 | 0.2 |
Net employment change (2) | 476 | 5,328 | 4,086 | 4,657 | 741 | 0.0 | 1.0 | 0.8 | 0.9 | 0.1 |
Wholesale trade | ||||||||||
Gross job gains | 5,184 | 5,452 | 5,393 | 5,615 | 5,434 | 4.5 | 4.6 | 4.6 | 4.7 | 4.6 |
At expanding establishments | 4,064 | 4,404 | 4,424 | 4,742 | 4,369 | 3.5 | 3.7 | 3.8 | 4.0 | 3.7 |
At opening establishments | 1,120 | 1,048 | 969 | 873 | 1,065 | 1.0 | 0.9 | 0.8 | 0.7 | 0.9 |
Gross job losses | 5,034 | 4,896 | 5,060 | 4,602 | 4,830 | 4.3 | 4.2 | 4.3 | 4.0 | 4.1 |
At contracting establishments | 4,031 | 3,729 | 3,871 | 3,596 | 3,930 | 3.4 | 3.2 | 3.3 | 3.1 | 3.3 |
At closing establishments | 1,003 | 1,167 | 1,189 | 1,006 | 900 | 0.9 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 0.9 | 0.8 |
Net employment change (2) | 150 | 556 | 333 | 1,013 | 604 | 0.2 | 0.4 | 0.3 | 0.7 | 0.5 |
Retail trade | ||||||||||
Gross job gains | 17,445 | 19,028 | 16,481 | 18,821 | 17,272 | 5.5 | 6.0 | 5.1 | 5.9 | 5.4 |
At expanding establishments | 14,647 | 17,129 | 14,430 | 15,945 | 14,772 | 4.6 | 5.4 | 4.5 | 5.0 | 4.6 |
At opening establishments | 2,798 | 1,899 | 2,051 | 2,876 | 2,500 | 0.9 | 0.6 | 0.6 | 0.9 | 0.8 |
Gross job losses | 17,585 | 17,106 | 18,549 | 16,841 | 17,665 | 5.6 | 5.4 | 5.8 | 5.3 | 5.5 |
At contracting establishments | 15,798 | 15,010 | 16,299 | 14,317 | 15,557 | 5.0 | 4.7 | 5.1 | 4.5 | 4.8 |
At closing establishments | 1,787 | 2,096 | 2,250 | 2,524 | 2,108 | 0.6 | 0.7 | 0.7 | 0.8 | 0.7 |
Net employment change (2) | -140 | 1,922 | -2,068 | 1,980 | -393 | -0.1 | 0.6 | -0.7 | 0.6 | -0.1 |
Transportation and warehousing | ||||||||||
Gross job gains | 5,562 | 6,833 | 5,543 | 6,138 | 6,104 | 4.8 | 5.9 | 4.8 | 5.2 | 5.2 |
At expanding establishments | 4,823 | 6,127 | 4,770 | 4,930 | 5,022 | 4.2 | 5.3 | 4.1 | 4.2 | 4.3 |
At opening establishments | 739 | 706 | 773 | 1,208 | 1,082 | 0.6 | 0.6 | 0.7 | 1.0 | 0.9 |
Gross job losses | 5,174 | 5,057 | 6,181 | 5,527 | 5,323 | 4.6 | 4.4 | 5.3 | 4.7 | 4.6 |
At contracting establishments | 4,297 | 4,217 | 5,314 | 4,676 | 4,526 | 3.8 | 3.7 | 4.6 | 4.0 | 3.9 |
At closing establishments | 877 | 840 | 867 | 851 | 797 | 0.8 | 0.7 | 0.7 | 0.7 | 0.7 |
Net employment change (2) | 388 | 1,776 | -638 | 611 | 781 | 0.2 | 1.5 | -0.5 | 0.5 | 0.6 |
Information | ||||||||||
Gross job gains | 1,564 | 1,274 | 1,405 | 1,515 | 1,474 | 4.4 | 3.5 | 3.9 | 4.3 | 4.1 |
At expanding establishments | 1,266 | 1,120 | 1,231 | 1,246 | 1,222 | 3.6 | 3.1 | 3.4 | 3.5 | 3.4 |
At opening establishments | 298 | 154 | 174 | 269 | 252 | 0.8 | 0.4 | 0.5 | 0.8 | 0.7 |
Gross job losses | 1,674 | 1,213 | 1,539 | 1,439 | 1,583 | 4.7 | 3.4 | 4.3 | 4.1 | 4.4 |
At contracting establishments | 1,389 | 1,010 | 1,350 | 1,236 | 1,369 | 3.9 | 2.8 | 3.8 | 3.5 | 3.8 |
At closing establishments | 285 | 203 | 189 | 203 | 214 | 0.8 | 0.6 | 0.5 | 0.6 | 0.6 |
Net employment change (2) | -110 | 61 | -134 | 76 | -109 | -0.3 | 0.1 | -0.4 | 0.2 | -0.3 |
Financial activities | ||||||||||
Gross job gains | 5,993 | 5,951 | 5,258 | 5,893 | 6,461 | 4.8 | 4.7 | 4.2 | 4.7 | 5.1 |
At expanding establishments | 4,820 | 4,698 | 4,111 | 4,697 | 5,187 | 3.9 | 3.7 | 3.3 | 3.7 | 4.1 |
At opening establishments | 1,173 | 1,253 | 1,147 | 1,196 | 1,274 | 0.9 | 1.0 | 0.9 | 1.0 | 1.0 |
Gross job losses | 5,511 | 5,295 | 6,074 | 5,705 | 5,317 | 4.4 | 4.2 | 4.8 | 4.5 | 4.3 |
At contracting establishments | 4,116 | 3,811 | 4,883 | 4,426 | 4,100 | 3.3 | 3.0 | 3.9 | 3.5 | 3.3 |
At closing establishments | 1,395 | 1,484 | 1,191 | 1,279 | 1,217 | 1.1 | 1.2 | 0.9 | 1.0 | 1.0 |
Net employment change (2) | 482 | 656 | -816 | 188 | 1,144 | 0.4 | 0.5 | -0.6 | 0.2 | 0.8 |
Professional and business services | ||||||||||
Gross job gains | 28,319 | 34,706 | 24,078 | 26,530 | 24,938 | 9.2 | 10.9 | 7.5 | 8.3 | 7.8 |
At expanding establishments | 23,875 | 30,284 | 19,930 | 21,449 | 20,465 | 7.8 | 9.5 | 6.2 | 6.7 | 6.4 |
At opening establishments | 4,444 | 4,422 | 4,148 | 5,081 | 4,473 | 1.4 | 1.4 | 1.3 | 1.6 | 1.4 |
Gross job losses | 21,101 | 22,015 | 29,284 | 22,140 | 23,345 | 6.9 | 7.0 | 9.2 | 7.0 | 7.3 |
At contracting establishments | 17,196 | 17,338 | 25,244 | 18,347 | 19,328 | 5.6 | 5.5 | 7.9 | 5.8 | 6.0 |
At closing establishments | 3,905 | 4,677 | 4,040 | 3,793 | 4,017 | 1.3 | 1.5 | 1.3 | 1.2 | 1.3 |
Net employment change (2) | 7,218 | 12,691 | -5,206 | 4,390 | 1,593 | 2.3 | 3.9 | -1.7 | 1.3 | 0.5 |
Education and health services | ||||||||||
Gross job gains | 15,333 | 14,663 | 14,383 | 16,322 | 16,159 | 3.6 | 3.5 | 3.4 | 3.9 | 3.8 |
At expanding establishments | 13,525 | 12,714 | 12,715 | 13,712 | 14,267 | 3.2 | 3.0 | 3.0 | 3.3 | 3.4 |
At opening establishments | 1,808 | 1,949 | 1,668 | 2,610 | 1,892 | 0.4 | 0.5 | 0.4 | 0.6 | 0.4 |
Gross job losses | 14,885 | 14,604 | 15,496 | 14,702 | 14,312 | 3.5 | 3.4 | 3.7 | 3.5 | 3.4 |
At contracting establishments | 13,129 | 12,815 | 12,898 | 12,890 | 12,481 | 3.1 | 3.0 | 3.1 | 3.1 | 3.0 |
At closing establishments | 1,756 | 1,789 | 2,598 | 1,812 | 1,831 | 0.4 | 0.4 | 0.6 | 0.4 | 0.4 |
Net employment change (2) | 448 | 59 | -1,113 | 1,620 | 1,847 | 0.1 | 0.1 | -0.3 | 0.4 | 0.4 |
Leisure and hospitality | ||||||||||
Gross job gains | 22,043 | 23,769 | 21,194 | 25,282 | 21,947 | 7.6 | 8.2 | 7.3 | 8.6 | 7.4 |
At expanding establishments | 17,612 | 19,203 | 16,858 | 19,512 | 16,824 | 6.1 | 6.6 | 5.8 | 6.6 | 5.7 |
At opening establishments | 4,431 | 4,566 | 4,336 | 5,770 | 5,123 | 1.5 | 1.6 | 1.5 | 2.0 | 1.7 |
Gross job losses | 22,270 | 22,251 | 22,603 | 21,837 | 24,039 | 7.7 | 7.6 | 7.8 | 7.5 | 8.2 |
At contracting establishments | 18,790 | 18,202 | 19,225 | 18,392 | 20,190 | 6.5 | 6.2 | 6.6 | 6.3 | 6.9 |
At closing establishments | 3,480 | 4,049 | 3,378 | 3,445 | 3,849 | 1.2 | 1.4 | 1.2 | 1.2 | 1.3 |
Net employment change (2) | -227 | 1,518 | -1,409 | 3,445 | -2,092 | -0.1 | 0.6 | -0.5 | 1.1 | -0.8 |
Other services (3) | ||||||||||
Gross job gains | 5,621 | 6,000 | 5,622 | 6,737 | 5,597 | 7.0 | 7.4 | 7.0 | 8.3 | 6.9 |
At expanding establishments | 4,450 | 5,106 | 4,495 | 5,174 | 4,443 | 5.5 | 6.3 | 5.6 | 6.4 | 5.5 |
At opening establishments | 1,171 | 894 | 1,127 | 1,563 | 1,154 | 1.5 | 1.1 | 1.4 | 1.9 | 1.4 |
Gross job losses | 6,124 | 5,470 | 5,675 | 5,743 | 6,226 | 7.6 | 6.7 | 7.0 | 7.1 | 7.6 |
At contracting establishments | 4,981 | 4,151 | 4,293 | 4,553 | 4,807 | 6.2 | 5.1 | 5.3 | 5.6 | 5.9 |
At closing establishments | 1,143 | 1,319 | 1,382 | 1,190 | 1,419 | 1.4 | 1.6 | 1.7 | 1.5 | 1.7 |
Net employment change (2) | -503 | 530 | -53 | 994 | -629 | -0.6 | 0.7 | 0.0 | 1.2 | -0.7 |
Footnotes: |
Category | Gross job gains as a percent of employment (3 months ended) | Gross job losses as a percent of employment (3 months ended) | ||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Sept. 2013 | Dec. 2013 | Mar. 2014 | June 2014 | Sept. 2014 | Sept. 2013 | Dec. 2013 | Mar. 2014 | June 2014 | Sept. 2014 | |
United States (1) | 6.3 | 6.4 | 6.0 | 6.5 | 6.2 | 5.8 | 5.8 | 5.7 | 5.6 | 5.8 |
Alabama | 5.5 | 6.0 | 5.6 | 5.9 | 5.9 | 5.7 | 5.3 | 5.7 | 5.5 | 5.4 |
Alaska | 9.8 | 10.1 | 10.8 | 10.9 | 9.4 | 10.1 | 10.4 | 9.6 | 10.9 | 10.4 |
Arizona | 6.4 | 6.7 | 5.7 | 6.0 | 6.4 | 5.5 | 5.4 | 6.0 | 6.0 | 5.4 |
Arkansas | 5.8 | 6.0 | 5.8 | 5.6 | 5.9 | 5.7 | 5.5 | 5.0 | 4.9 | 5.3 |
California | 6.9 | 7.3 | 6.8 | 7.0 | 7.0 | 6.2 | 6.3 | 6.1 | 6.4 | 6.0 |
Colorado | 7.0 | 6.9 | 6.7 | 7.3 | 7.3 | 6.3 | 6.1 | 5.9 | 6.1 | 6.2 |
Connecticut | 5.3 | 5.3 | 5.1 | 5.6 | 5.2 | 5.4 | 5.4 | 5.0 | 4.8 | 5.3 |
Delaware | 6.6 | 6.6 | 6.3 | 6.5 | 6.0 | 6.0 | 5.8 | 5.9 | 5.2 | 6.1 |
District of Columbia | 6.0 | 5.8 | 5.9 | 6.4 | 5.7 | 5.1 | 5.4 | 5.5 | 5.7 | 5.5 |
Florida | 7.0 | 7.0 | 6.5 | 7.2 | 7.2 | 6.2 | 6.0 | 5.8 | 6.2 | 5.9 |
Georgia | 6.6 | 6.8 | 6.5 | 6.8 | 6.8 | 6.0 | 5.8 | 5.6 | 5.9 | 5.9 |
Hawaii | 5.6 | 5.4 | 4.8 | 4.9 | 5.2 | 4.7 | 4.5 | 5.1 | 5.1 | 4.7 |
Idaho | 7.7 | 8.3 | 8.4 | 7.7 | 7.5 | 7.2 | 7.3 | 7.2 | 8.0 | 7.3 |
Illinois | 5.7 | 5.8 | 5.8 | 6.1 | 5.7 | 5.7 | 5.3 | 5.5 | 5.5 | 5.8 |
Indiana | 5.6 | 6.1 | 5.3 | 5.9 | 5.3 | 5.4 | 5.1 | 5.5 | 5.0 | 5.3 |
Iowa | 5.9 | 6.0 | 5.8 | 6.2 | 5.7 | 5.5 | 5.5 | 5.5 | 5.7 | 5.7 |
Kansas | 6.1 | 6.2 | 5.7 | 6.1 | 5.7 | 5.7 | 5.3 | 5.5 | 5.7 | 5.8 |
Kentucky | 6.0 | 6.5 | 6.1 | 6.2 | 6.1 | 5.5 | 5.4 | 5.9 | 5.5 | 5.4 |
Louisiana | 6.9 | 6.7 | 6.7 | 6.6 | 6.6 | 6.0 | 6.1 | 5.8 | 6.4 | 5.8 |
Maine | 7.4 | 7.0 | 6.7 | 7.8 | 6.7 | 7.3 | 7.5 | 7.0 | 6.5 | 7.1 |
Maryland | 6.1 | 6.4 | 5.9 | 6.6 | 6.5 | 6.1 | 6.3 | 5.8 | 5.8 | 6.2 |
Massachusetts | 5.5 | 5.4 | 5.3 | 6.3 | 5.6 | 5.5 | 5.3 | 5.0 | 5.3 | 5.5 |
Michigan | 5.9 | 6.0 | 5.5 | 6.4 | 5.5 | 5.8 | 5.6 | 5.1 | 5.4 | 5.8 |
Minnesota | 5.6 | 5.6 | 5.3 | 6.5 | 5.5 | 5.5 | 5.6 | 5.7 | 5.1 | 5.9 |
Mississippi | 6.2 | 6.6 | 5.7 | 6.1 | 6.2 | 5.8 | 5.6 | 5.9 | 6.7 | 6.0 |
Missouri | 5.8 | 6.0 | 5.6 | 6.0 | 5.6 | 5.7 | 5.5 | 5.5 | 5.3 | 5.6 |
Montana | 7.7 | 8.2 | 7.2 | 8.2 | 8.0 | 7.6 | 7.5 | 7.9 | 7.7 | 8.1 |
Nebraska | 6.3 | 6.3 | 5.9 | 6.0 | 6.0 | 5.7 | 5.7 | 5.6 | 6.0 | 5.7 |
Nevada | 6.0 | 6.3 | 6.6 | 6.7 | 6.6 | 5.8 | 5.3 | 5.2 | 5.6 | 5.5 |
New Hampshire | 6.0 | 6.8 | 5.7 | 6.7 | 5.9 | 6.5 | 5.8 | 5.9 | 6.1 | 6.3 |
New Jersey | 6.2 | 6.4 | 5.9 | 6.9 | 6.3 | 6.2 | 6.4 | 6.2 | 5.8 | 6.3 |
New Mexico | 6.7 | 6.9 | 6.3 | 6.6 | 6.5 | 6.7 | 6.4 | 6.4 | 6.1 | 6.1 |
New York | 6.4 | 6.6 | 6.2 | 6.6 | 6.4 | 6.1 | 6.0 | 6.0 | 5.7 | 6.0 |
North Carolina | 6.3 | 6.4 | 5.9 | 6.4 | 6.1 | 5.8 | 5.7 | 5.6 | 5.5 | 5.8 |
North Dakota | 8.3 | 8.2 | 8.6 | 7.6 | 8.2 | 6.9 | 6.9 | 6.8 | 7.0 | 6.7 |
Ohio | 5.6 | 6.0 | 5.6 | 6.1 | 5.5 | 5.6 | 5.3 | 5.6 | 5.3 | 5.5 |
Oklahoma | 6.4 | 6.2 | 6.1 | 6.2 | 6.1 | 5.7 | 6.2 | 6.0 | 6.1 | 5.5 |
Oregon | 7.1 | 6.9 | 7.0 | 6.9 | 7.0 | 6.3 | 6.6 | 6.1 | 6.4 | 6.0 |
Pennsylvania | 5.2 | 5.4 | 5.2 | 5.6 | 5.2 | 5.2 | 5.2 | 4.9 | 4.8 | 5.1 |
Rhode Island | 6.2 | 6.2 | 5.7 | 6.5 | 5.9 | 6.1 | 5.7 | 5.7 | 5.5 | 5.8 |
South Carolina | 6.2 | 6.7 | 6.2 | 6.5 | 6.1 | 5.6 | 5.5 | 5.8 | 5.7 | 5.8 |
South Dakota | 6.2 | 6.9 | 6.3 | 6.4 | 6.2 | 6.3 | 6.0 | 6.1 | 6.0 | 6.0 |
Tennessee | 5.5 | 6.3 | 5.4 | 5.6 | 5.7 | 5.3 | 4.7 | 5.3 | 5.0 | 5.0 |
Texas | 6.0 | 6.1 | 5.9 | 6.0 | 6.0 | 5.2 | 5.3 | 5.1 | 4.9 | 5.1 |
Utah | 6.9 | 7.4 | 6.5 | 7.0 | 7.1 | 6.4 | 6.1 | 6.0 | 6.6 | 6.0 |
Vermont | 7.1 | 7.6 | 6.7 | 7.4 | 6.8 | 7.4 | 6.6 | 6.8 | 6.9 | 7.2 |
Virginia | 5.9 | 5.7 | 5.3 | 6.2 | 5.6 | 5.9 | 5.6 | 5.5 | 5.5 | 5.8 |
Washington | 7.0 | 6.9 | 6.6 | 7.3 | 7.0 | 6.6 | 6.3 | 5.9 | 5.5 | 6.0 |
West Virginia | 6.0 | 6.5 | 6.3 | 6.6 | 6.1 | 6.4 | 6.4 | 6.7 | 6.4 | 6.6 |
Wisconsin | 5.5 | 5.7 | 5.3 | 5.9 | 5.3 | 5.4 | 5.2 | 5.1 | 5.0 | 5.6 |
Wyoming | 8.4 | 9.4 | 8.4 | 8.7 | 8.3 | 8.2 | 8.1 | 8.0 | 8.2 | 8.4 |
Puerto Rico | 6.1 | 6.6 | 5.1 | 5.6 | 5.6 | 6.6 | 5.2 | 6.4 | 6.3 | 5.9 |
Virgin Islands | 5.7 | 5.5 | 4.9 | 6.1 | 6.3 | 6.5 | 6.0 | 6.1 | 6.4 | 5.5 |
Footnotes |
Last Modified Date: Tuesday, July 07, 2015