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News Release Information

16-193-CHI
Friday, February 26, 2016

Contacts Technical information: Media contact:
  • (312) 353-1138

Business Employment Dynamics in Michigan — Second Quarter 2015

From March 2015 to June 2015 gross job gains in Michigan totaled 219,556, while gross job losses numbered 187,213, the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics reported today. Regional Commissioner Charlene Peiffer noted that gross job gains exceeded gross job losses by 32,343. During the previous quarter, gross job gains exceeded gross job losses by 882.

The change in the number of jobs over time is the net result of increases and decreases in employment that occur at all businesses in the economy. Business Employment Dynamics (BED) statistics track these changes in employment at private business establishments from the third month of one quarter to the third month of the next. Gross job gains are the sum of increases in employment from expansions at existing establishments and the addition of new jobs at opening establishments. Gross job losses are the result of contractions in employment at existing establishments and the loss of jobs at closing establishments. The difference between the number of gross job gains and the number of gross job losses is the net change in employment. (See the Technical Note for more information.).

Michigan posted 219,556 gross jobs gains in the quarter ended June 2015. With few exceptions, gross job gains have remained above 200,000 since the quarter ended June 2010. The 187,213 gross job losses in the 3-month period ended June 2015 were similar to the totals recorded in the previous two quarters. Since the second quarter of 2010, gross job losses have remained below 200,000, with two exceptions.  (See chart 1.)

Gross job gains represented 6.1 percent of private sector employment in Michigan in the quarter ended June 2015, while nationally gross job gains accounted for 6.4 percent of private sector employment. (See chart 2.) Since December 2011, the rate of gross job gains in Michigan has been at or below the U.S. rate each quarter. Michigan’s rate of gross job losses as a percent of private sector employment was 5.2 percent in June 2015, below the national rate of 5.7 percent. Michigan’s rate of gross job losses has been equal to or below the national rate each quarter since September 2011.

During the second quarter of 2015, gross job gains exceeded gross job losses in all 11 industry sectors in Michigan. For example, within manufacturing, gross job gains exceeded gross jobs losses by 9,153. While almost 14,000 jobs were lost in closing and contracting establishments in the industry, approximately 23,000 jobs were created by opening and expanding establishments in the 3-months ended in June 2015. In leisure and hospitality, almost 39,000 jobs were created in opening and expanding establishments and more than 34,000 jobs were lost in closing and contracting establishments. Two other sectors had net employment gains of more than 4,000 during the second quarter of 2015—retail trade (4,260) and construction (4,021). (See table 1.) In the remaining industry sectors, gross job gains exceeded gross job losses by less than 2,400.

Michigan was among the five states in the East North Central Census division. All five states in the division had gross job gains that exceeded gross job losses. (See table A.) All five states had rates of gross job gains that were lower than the 6.4-percent national rate and rates of gross job losses that were lower than the 5.7-percent national rate.

Table A. Private sector gross job gains and losses for the United States, East North Central Division, and East North Central states, June 2015, seasonally adjusted
AreaGross job gainsGross job lossesNet changeNet change as
a percent of
total
employment
TotalAs a
percent of
total
employment
TotalAs a
percent of
total
employment

United States

7,554,0006.46,725,0005.7829,0000.7

East North Central (1)

1,084,394944,035140,359

Illinois

309,7946.2263,0255.246,7691.0

Indiana

146,0885.7130,1455.115,9430.6

Michigan

219,5566.1187,2135.232,3430.9

Ohio

272,2646.0237,4605.334,8040.7

Wisconsin

136,6925.7126,1925.210,5000.5

Footnotes:
(1) Data were calculated for this release using published gross job gains and gross job losses for states located in the East North Central Census Division.
 

Note: Dash indicates data not available.
 

Additional statistics and other information

BED data for the states have been included in table 2 of this release. For more information on the Business Employment Dynamics data, visit the BED web site at www.bls.gov/bdm/.

The Business Employment Dynamics for third quarter 2015 are scheduled to be released on Wednesday, April 27, 2016.


Technical Note

The Business Employment Dynamics (BED) data are a product of a federal-state cooperative program known as Quarterly Census of Employment and Wages (QCEW), or the ES-202 program. The BED data are compiled from existing QCEW records. The QCEW reports are sent by the State Employment Security Agencies (SESAs) to BLS and form the basis of the Bureau’s QCEW program and establishment universe sampling frame. These reports are also used to produce the QCEW data on total employment and wages. Other important Bureau uses of the QCEW reports are in the Current Employment Statistics (CES) program. The CES program produces monthly estimates of employment, net changes, and earnings by detailed industry.

In the BED program, the QCEW records are linked across quarters to provide a longitudinal history for each establishment. The linkage process allows the tracking of net employment changes at the establishment level, which in turn allows the estimation of jobs gained at opening and expanding establishments and jobs lost at closing and contracting establishments.

The change in the number of jobs over time is the net result of increases and decreases in employment that occur at all businesses in the economy. BED statistics track these changes in employment at private business establishments from the third month of one quarter to the third month of the next. Gross job gains are the sum of increases in employment from expansions at existing establishments and the addition of new jobs at opening establishments. Gross job losses are the result of contractions in employment at existing establishments and the loss of jobs at closing establishments. The difference between the number of gross jobs gained and the number of gross jobs lost is the net change in employment.

Gross job gains and gross job losses are expressed as rates by dividing their levels by the average of employment in the current and previous quarters. The rates are calculated for the components of gross job gains and gross job losses and then summed to form their respective totals. These rates can be added and subtracted just as their levels can. For instance, the difference between the gross job gains rate and the gross job losses rate is the net growth rate.

The formal definitions of employment changes are as follows:

Openings.  These are either establishments with positive third month employment for the second time in the current quarter, with no links to the prior quarter, or with positive third month employment in the current quarter following zero employment in the previous quarter.

Expansions.  These are establishments with positive employment in the third month in both the previous and current quarters, with a net increase in employment over this period.

Closings.  These are either establishments with positive third month employment in the previous quarter, with no employment or zero employment reported in the current quarter.

Contractions.  These are establishments with positive employment in the third month in both the previous and current quarters, with a net decrease in employment over this period.

Information in this release will be made available to sensory impaired individuals upon request. Voice phone: (202) 691-5200; Federal Relay Service: (800) 877-8339.

Table 1. Private sector gross job gains and losses by industry, Michigan, seasonally adjusted
CategoryGross job gains and job losses
(3 months ended)
Gross job gains and job losses
as a percent of employment
(3 months ended)
June
2014
Sept.
2014
Dec.
2014
Mar.
2015
June
2015
June
2014
Sept.
2014
Dec.
2014
Mar.
2015
June
2015

Total private (1)

 

Gross job gains

226,828191,082220,069186,698219,5566.45.46.25.26.1

At expanding establishments

192,458160,295185,260155,645193,4185.44.55.24.35.4

At opening establishments

34,37030,78734,80931,05326,1381.00.91.00.90.7

Gross job losses

190,752205,107186,438185,816187,2135.45.75.25.15.2

At contracting establishments

159,253168,085153,842159,111158,1724.54.74.34.44.4

At closing establishments

31,49937,02232,59626,70529,0410.91.00.90.70.8

Net employment change (2)

36,076-14,02533,63188232,3431.0-0.31.00.10.9

Construction

 

Gross job gains

18,50916,77015,78716,86317,52213.211.811.011.511.8

At expanding establishments

16,14214,18912,81513,15215,50211.510.08.99.010.4

At opening establishments

2,3672,5812,9723,7112,0201.71.82.12.51.4

Gross job losses

13,69514,02017,24815,19413,5019.79.912.010.39.1

At contracting establishments

11,40311,03413,77413,07910,9908.17.89.68.97.4

At closing establishments

2,2922,9863,4742,1152,5111.62.12.41.41.7

Net employment change (2)

4,8142,750-1,4611,6694,0213.51.9-1.01.22.7

Manufacturing

 

Gross job gains

22,71916,81222,35917,58422,9804.02.93.83.13.9

At expanding establishments

21,17315,53820,99916,55821,7653.72.73.62.93.7

At opening establishments

1,5461,2741,3601,0261,2150.30.20.20.20.2

Gross job losses

13,03817,08714,43216,75513,8272.32.92.52.92.4

At contracting establishments

11,52415,43212,88315,26312,3062.02.62.22.62.1

At closing establishments

1,5141,6551,5491,4921,5210.30.30.30.30.3

Net employment change (2)

9,681-2757,9278299,1531.70.01.30.21.5

Wholesale trade

 

Gross job gains

7,9806,6607,7926,6907,8084.83.94.74.04.6

At expanding establishments

7,1265,9446,8516,1477,1234.33.54.13.74.2

At opening establishments

8547169415436850.50.40.60.30.4

Gross job losses

5,4766,9466,3565,8546,2973.34.13.73.53.7

At contracting establishments

4,5535,4055,0955,0175,0412.73.23.03.03.0

At closing establishments

9231,5411,2618371,2560.60.90.70.50.7

Net employment change (2)

2,504-2861,4368361,5111.5-0.21.00.50.9

Retail trade

 

Gross job gains

30,41023,80326,93725,52429,2186.55.15.85.56.2

At expanding establishments

26,08521,04724,02721,50026,0825.64.55.24.65.5

At opening establishments

4,3252,7562,9104,0243,1360.90.60.60.90.7

Gross job losses

24,62526,81925,40925,34624,9585.45.85.55.45.3

At contracting establishments

21,06423,39122,07421,97021,3574.65.14.84.74.5

At closing establishments

3,5613,4283,3353,3763,6010.80.70.70.70.8

Net employment change (2)

5,785-3,0161,5281784,2601.1-0.70.30.10.9

Transportation and warehousing

 

Gross job gains

5,8995,5128,1886,1846,0115.65.17.55.65.4

At expanding establishments

4,9784,9437,2835,5225,2644.74.66.75.04.7

At opening establishments

9215699056627470.90.50.80.60.7

Gross job losses

6,2384,9424,9346,8004,9115.94.64.56.14.4

At contracting establishments

5,5014,0094,1936,2674,2505.23.73.85.63.8

At closing establishments

7379337415336610.70.90.70.50.6

Net employment change (2)

-3395703,254-6161,100-0.30.53.0-0.51.0

Information

 

Gross job gains

3,3252,7872,7182,5592,9075.84.84.74.55.1

At expanding establishments

2,1002,0382,0031,8162,2393.73.53.53.23.9

At opening establishments

1,2257497157436682.11.31.21.31.2

Gross job losses

2,3482,6562,7732,8942,8464.24.74.85.15.1

At contracting establishments

1,5762,1632,2582,3752,0222.83.83.94.23.6

At closing establishments

7724935155198241.40.90.90.91.5

Net employment change (2)

977131-55-335611.60.1-0.1-0.60.0

Financial activities

 

Gross job gains

9,3498,0858,7026,7869,7664.94.24.63.55.1

At expanding establishments

7,7736,7496,7935,7968,5904.13.53.63.04.5

At opening establishments

1,5761,3361,9099901,1760.80.71.00.50.6

Gross job losses

7,7999,0888,4476,9477,4684.14.84.53.73.9

At contracting establishments

6,3207,0106,7795,8485,4553.33.73.63.12.8

At closing establishments

1,4792,0781,6681,0992,0130.81.10.90.61.1

Net employment change (2)

1,550-1,003255-1612,2980.8-0.60.1-0.21.2

Professional and business services

 

Gross job gains

45,17736,85650,56732,17142,1337.36.08.25.16.6

At expanding establishments

38,09028,03442,07926,49936,4096.24.66.84.25.7

At opening establishments

7,0878,8228,4885,6725,7241.11.41.40.90.9

Gross job losses

41,13745,32336,82032,76641,1326.67.46.05.26.4

At contracting establishments

34,81136,05428,96428,52736,0315.65.94.74.55.6

At closing establishments

6,3269,2697,8564,2395,1011.01.51.30.70.8

Net employment change (2)

4,040-8,46713,747-5951,0010.7-1.42.2-0.10.2

Education and health services

 

Gross job gains

24,40224,29023,79921,70423,3003.93.93.83.43.7

At expanding establishments

19,93621,60021,07019,51020,7933.23.53.43.13.3

At opening establishments

4,4662,6902,7292,1942,5070.70.40.40.30.4

Gross job losses

24,69823,00419,08521,94420,9754.03.73.13.53.4

At contracting establishments

21,07518,79716,19118,26218,0893.43.02.62.92.9

At closing establishments

3,6234,2072,8943,6822,8860.60.70.50.60.5

Net employment change (2)

-2961,2864,714-2402,325-0.10.20.7-0.10.3

Leisure and hospitality

 

Gross job gains

38,96830,41434,93634,58038,7219.57.48.68.49.4

At expanding establishments

32,66324,11626,51426,98733,4038.05.96.56.68.1

At opening establishments

6,3056,2988,4227,5935,3181.51.52.11.81.3

Gross job losses

32,27437,78733,97132,39534,0957.99.28.47.88.2

At contracting establishments

25,26331,16728,05126,43528,5876.27.66.96.46.9

At closing establishments

7,0116,6205,9205,9605,5081.71.61.51.41.3

Net employment change (2)

6,694-7,3739652,1854,6261.6-1.80.20.61.2

Other services (3)

 

Gross job gains

10,0099,3248,3507,6189,5888.27.66.86.37.9

At expanding establishments

7,7977,6896,5265,7337,8576.46.35.34.76.5

At opening establishments

2,2121,6351,8241,8851,7311.81.31.51.61.4

Gross job losses

10,3868,5338,2738,0088,6418.57.06.86.67.1

At contracting establishments

9,0156,6276,5816,4006,8947.45.45.45.35.7

At closing establishments

1,3711,9061,6921,6081,7471.11.61.41.31.4

Net employment change (2)

-37779177-390947-0.30.60.0-0.30.8

Footnotes:
(1) Includes unclassified sector not shown separately.
(2) The net employment change is the difference between total gross job gains and total gross job losses. See the Technical Note for further information.
(3) Except public administration.
 

Table 2. Private sector gross job gains and losses as a percent of total employment by state, seasonally adjusted
CategoryGross job gains as a percent of employment
(3 months ended)
Gross job losses as a percent of employment
(3 months ended)
June
2014
Sept.
2014
Dec.
2014
Mar.
2015
June
2015
June
2014
Sept.
2014
Dec.
2014
Mar.
2015
June
2015

United States (1)

6.56.36.65.96.45.85.85.75.75.7

Alabama

5.95.96.05.65.95.55.55.25.45.3

Alaska

10.89.510.610.410.611.010.410.49.210.8

Arizona

6.06.47.06.05.96.05.55.35.75.7

Arkansas

5.66.06.65.45.95.45.55.15.75.3

California

7.07.17.46.86.86.56.26.46.26.5

Colorado

7.27.37.06.97.06.16.16.16.16.4

Connecticut

5.75.25.44.85.84.95.35.25.14.8

Delaware

6.66.37.05.77.65.26.25.47.35.6

District of Columbia

6.35.75.55.56.25.65.45.35.45.4

Florida

7.27.37.16.36.96.26.16.05.65.9

Georgia

6.96.86.96.26.76.05.95.55.65.7

Hawaii

5.05.35.24.94.95.04.54.44.85.0

Idaho

7.77.58.09.17.57.97.37.07.07.1

Illinois

6.25.76.25.86.25.55.85.55.75.2

Indiana

5.95.46.35.35.75.05.35.05.35.1

Iowa

6.15.86.15.96.15.75.85.65.45.9

Kansas

6.15.76.25.76.05.65.85.45.85.8

Kentucky

6.26.26.65.56.45.65.55.36.05.5

Louisiana

6.66.86.86.16.36.55.95.86.76.8

Maine

7.86.77.26.58.06.57.07.27.06.4

Maryland

6.66.56.75.97.05.86.36.26.25.9

Massachusetts

6.35.76.05.16.35.35.55.25.45.0

Michigan

6.45.46.25.26.15.45.75.25.15.2

Minnesota

6.55.65.85.66.15.15.75.45.25.2

Mississippi

6.26.26.95.56.36.66.05.46.45.9

Missouri

6.05.76.35.66.05.35.75.15.45.2

Montana

8.28.18.59.18.07.78.18.07.28.4

Nebraska

6.16.06.26.15.95.95.75.65.65.7

Nevada

6.76.66.66.36.25.75.75.35.35.7

New Hampshire

6.95.96.95.76.86.16.36.05.75.9

New Jersey

7.06.36.95.87.15.96.46.26.05.9

New Mexico

6.86.67.26.46.76.26.16.16.56.8

New York

6.76.46.65.96.75.86.05.85.95.8

North Carolina

6.46.26.55.96.45.65.75.45.75.4

North Dakota

7.68.28.77.16.77.06.96.78.711.3

Ohio

6.15.56.15.46.05.25.55.15.65.3

Oklahoma

6.36.26.75.76.06.05.65.56.16.5

Oregon

6.97.07.16.96.96.46.26.35.76.1

Pennsylvania

5.65.25.64.95.64.85.14.95.24.9

Rhode Island

6.55.96.45.36.65.55.85.65.85.8

South Carolina

6.46.06.85.76.55.85.85.05.55.6

South Dakota

6.46.26.36.36.36.05.95.85.75.9

Tennessee

5.75.76.25.25.95.15.04.85.24.8

Texas

6.06.16.45.86.04.95.15.05.75.5

Utah

7.17.17.27.36.96.76.05.85.96.1

Vermont

7.36.97.56.87.36.97.36.76.87.0

Virginia

6.25.65.86.06.45.75.85.55.65.4

Washington

7.47.16.96.77.26.46.26.15.65.8

West Virginia

6.66.26.66.06.36.46.56.06.76.6

Wisconsin

5.85.55.85.45.75.05.65.25.15.2

Wyoming

8.78.39.38.97.88.38.58.08.910.9

Puerto Rico

5.55.66.45.35.86.36.04.96.46.8

Virgin Islands

6.26.66.25.56.36.35.65.65.96.7

Footnotes:
(1) Totals for the United States do not include data for Puerto Rico or the Virgin Islands.
 

 

Last Modified Date: Friday, February 26, 2016