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16-1570-CHI
Friday, September 30, 2016
From September 2015 to December 2015 gross job gains in South Dakota totaled 22,952, while gross job losses numbered 20,368, the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics reported today. Assistant Commissioner for Regional Operations Charlene Peiffer noted that gross job gains exceeded gross job losses by 2,584. During the previous quarter, gross job losses exceeded gross job gains by 700.
The change in the number of jobs over time is the net result of increases and decreases in employment that occur at all businesses in the economy. Business Employment Dynamics (BED) statistics track these changes in employment at private business establishments from the third month of one quarter to the third month of the next. Gross job gains are the sum of increases in employment from expansions at existing establishments and the addition of new jobs at opening establishments. Gross job losses are the result of contractions in employment at existing establishments and the loss of jobs at closing establishments. The difference between the number of gross job gains and the number of gross job losses is the net change in employment. (See the Technical Note for more information.)
South Dakota’s gross job gains in the three-months ended in December 2015 were 22,952, higher than the gross job gains in the previous three-month period by 2,540 jobs. The state’s gross job gains have remained above 20,000 since June 2011, and have exceeded 22,000 on four occasions. (See chart 1.) South Dakota’s 20,368 gross job losses in December 2015 were 744 fewer than in the previous three-month period. With the exception of September 2015, South Dakota’s gross job losses have remained below 21,000 since June 2010.
Gross job gains represented 6.6 percent of private sector employment in South Dakota in the quarter ended December 2015, matching the national rate. (See chart 2.) In the fourth quarter of 2015, South Dakota’s rate of gross job losses as a percent of private sector employment was 5.9 percent compared to the national rate of 5.8 percent. South Dakota’s rate of gross job losses has been at or above the U.S. rate in all but two quarters during the past five years. (See chart 2.)
During the fourth quarter of 2015, gross job gains exceeded gross job losses in six industry sectors in South Dakota. For example, opening and expanding establishments in leisure and hospitality created more than 5,700 jobs during the three-month period, though nearly 4,800 jobs were lost at closing and contracting establishments. The resulting net gain of 1,023 jobs was the largest of any sector in the fourth quarter of 2015. In construction, more than 3,000 jobs were created in opening and expanding establishments and almost 2,600 jobs were lost in closing and contracting establishments. One other industry sector, professional and business services, had net job gains that were greater than 100. Financial activities was the only industry sector with a net employment loss. (See table 1.)
South Dakota was among the seven states in the West North Central Census division. Six states in the division, including South Dakota, had gross job gains that exceeded gross job losses. (See table A.) Five states (Iowa, Kansas, Minnesota, Missouri, and Nebraska) had rates of gross job gains that were lower than the 6.6-percent national rate. South Dakota had a rate of gross job gains that was equal to the national rate, while North Dakota had a rate of gross job gains that was higher than the national rate. Four states (Iowa, Kansas, Missouri, and Nebraska) had rates of gross job losses that were below the 5.8-percent national rate. One state (Minnesota) had a rate of gross job losses that was equal to the national rate and two states (North Dakota and South Dakota) had rates of gross job losses that were higher than the national rate.
Area | Gross job gains | Gross job losses | Net change | Net change as a percent of total employment | ||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Total | As a percent of total employment | Total | As a percent of total employment | |||
United States | 7,822,000 | 6.6 | 6,822,000 | 5.8 | 1,000,000 | 0.8 |
West North Central (1) | 535,673 | — | 487,916 | — | 47,757 | — |
Iowa | 77,425 | 6.0 | 72,893 | 5.6 | 4,532 | 0.4 |
Kansas | 70,654 | 6.2 | 62,682 | 5.6 | 7,972 | 0.6 |
Minnesota | 146,558 | 6.1 | 139,112 | 5.8 | 7,446 | 0.3 |
Missouri | 144,912 | 6.3 | 119,640 | 5.1 | 25,272 | 1.2 |
Nebraska | 49,075 | 6.1 | 44,278 | 5.5 | 4,797 | 0.6 |
North Dakota | 24,097 | 6.7 | 28,943 | 8.1 | -4,846 | -1.4 |
South Dakota | 22,952 | 6.6 | 20,368 | 5.9 | 2,584 | 0.7 |
Footnotes: | ||||||
Note: Dash indicates data not available. |
BED data for the states have been included in table 2 of this release. For more information on the Business Employment Dynamics data, visit the BED web site at www.bls.gov/bdm/.
The Business Employment Dynamics release for first quarter 2016 is scheduled to be released on Wednesday, November 9, 2016.
The Business Employment Dynamics (BED) data are a product of a federal-state cooperative program known as Quarterly Census of Employment and Wages (QCEW), or the ES-202 program. The BED data are compiled from existing QCEW records. The QCEW reports are sent by the State Employment Security Agencies (SESAs) to BLS and form the basis of the Bureau’s QCEW program and establishment universe sampling frame. These reports are also used to produce the QCEW data on total employment and wages. Other important Bureau uses of the QCEW reports are in the Current Employment Statistics (CES) program. The CES program produces monthly estimates of employment, net changes, and earnings by detailed industry.
In the BED program, the QCEW records are linked across quarters to provide a longitudinal history for each establishment. The linkage process allows the tracking of net employment changes at the establishment level, which in turn allows the estimation of jobs gained at opening and expanding establishments and jobs lost at closing and contracting establishments.
The change in the number of jobs over time is the net result of increases and decreases in employment that occur at all businesses in the economy. BED statistics track these changes in employment at private business establishments from the third month of one quarter to the third month of the next. Gross job gains are the sum of increases in employment from expansions at existing establishments and the addition of new jobs at opening establishments. Gross job losses are the result of contractions in employment at existing establishments and the loss of jobs at closing establishments. The difference between the number of gross jobs gained and the number of gross jobs lost is the net change in employment.
Gross job gains and gross job losses are expressed as rates by dividing their levels by the average of employment in the current and previous quarters. The rates are calculated for the components of gross job gains and gross job losses and then summed to form their respective totals. These rates can be added and subtracted just as their levels can. For instance, the difference between the gross job gains rate and the gross job losses rate is the net growth rate.
The formal definitions of employment changes are as follows:
Openings. These are either establishments with positive third month employment for the first time in the current quarter, with no links to the prior quarter, or with positive third month employment in the current quarter following zero employment in the previous quarter.
Expansions. These are establishments with positive employment in the third month in both the previous and current quarters, with a net increase in employment over this period.
Closings. These are either establishments with positive third month employment in the previous quarter, with no employment or zero employment reported in the current quarter.
Contractions. These are establishments with positive employment in the third month in both the previous and current quarters, with a net decrease in employment over this period.
Information in this release will be made available to sensory impaired individuals upon request. Voice phone: (202) 691-5200; Federal Relay Service: (800) 877-8339.
Category | Gross job gains and job losses (3 months ended) | Gross job gains and job losses as a percent of employment (3 months ended) | ||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Dec. 2014 | Mar. 2015 | June 2015 | Sept. 2015 | Dec. 2015 | Dec. 2014 | Mar. 2015 | June 2015 | Sept. 2015 | Dec. 2015 | |
Total private (1) | ||||||||||
Gross job gains | 21,338 | 21,738 | 21,381 | 20,412 | 22,952 | 6.3 | 6.3 | 6.3 | 5.9 | 6.6 |
At expanding establishments | 17,697 | 18,288 | 17,753 | 16,882 | 18,993 | 5.2 | 5.3 | 5.2 | 4.9 | 5.5 |
At opening establishments | 3,641 | 3,450 | 3,628 | 3,530 | 3,959 | 1.1 | 1.0 | 1.1 | 1.0 | 1.1 |
Gross job losses | 19,835 | 19,475 | 20,354 | 21,112 | 20,368 | 5.8 | 5.7 | 5.9 | 6.1 | 5.9 |
At contracting establishments | 16,654 | 16,520 | 17,224 | 18,214 | 17,171 | 4.9 | 4.8 | 5.0 | 5.3 | 5.0 |
At closing establishments | 3,181 | 2,955 | 3,130 | 2,898 | 3,197 | 0.9 | 0.9 | 0.9 | 0.8 | 0.9 |
Net employment change (2) | 1,503 | 2,263 | 1,027 | -700 | 2,584 | 0.5 | 0.6 | 0.4 | -0.2 | 0.7 |
Construction | ||||||||||
Gross job gains | 2,925 | 4,015 | 2,687 | 2,639 | 3,052 | 13.6 | 17.8 | 11.9 | 12.1 | 13.8 |
At expanding establishments | 2,310 | 3,115 | 2,153 | 2,086 | 2,477 | 10.7 | 13.8 | 9.5 | 9.6 | 11.2 |
At opening establishments | 615 | 900 | 534 | 553 | 575 | 2.9 | 4.0 | 2.4 | 2.5 | 2.6 |
Gross job losses | 2,725 | 2,546 | 2,726 | 3,097 | 2,579 | 12.7 | 11.3 | 12.0 | 14.2 | 11.6 |
At contracting establishments | 2,197 | 2,066 | 2,176 | 2,422 | 2,069 | 10.2 | 9.2 | 9.6 | 11.1 | 9.3 |
At closing establishments | 528 | 480 | 550 | 675 | 510 | 2.5 | 2.1 | 2.4 | 3.1 | 2.3 |
Net employment change (2) | 200 | 1,469 | -39 | -458 | 473 | 0.9 | 6.5 | -0.1 | -2.1 | 2.2 |
Wholesale trade | ||||||||||
Gross job gains | 1,073 | 915 | 1,103 | 839 | 1,020 | 5.2 | 4.3 | 5.3 | 4.0 | 4.8 |
At expanding establishments | 914 | 802 | 964 | 720 | 917 | 4.4 | 3.8 | 4.6 | 3.4 | 4.3 |
At opening establishments | 159 | 113 | 139 | 119 | 103 | 0.8 | 0.5 | 0.7 | 0.6 | 0.5 |
Gross job losses | 967 | 841 | 945 | 1,027 | 975 | 4.6 | 4.0 | 4.5 | 4.8 | 4.6 |
At contracting establishments | 845 | 742 | 823 | 918 | 826 | 4.0 | 3.5 | 3.9 | 4.3 | 3.9 |
At closing establishments | 122 | 99 | 122 | 109 | 149 | 0.6 | 0.5 | 0.6 | 0.5 | 0.7 |
Net employment change (2) | 106 | 74 | 158 | -188 | 45 | 0.6 | 0.3 | 0.8 | -0.8 | 0.2 |
Retail trade | ||||||||||
Gross job gains | 2,812 | 2,846 | 3,151 | 2,982 | 2,970 | 5.4 | 5.4 | 5.9 | 5.6 | 5.6 |
At expanding establishments | 2,468 | 2,591 | 2,774 | 2,330 | 2,677 | 4.7 | 4.9 | 5.2 | 4.4 | 5.0 |
At opening establishments | 344 | 255 | 377 | 652 | 293 | 0.7 | 0.5 | 0.7 | 1.2 | 0.6 |
Gross job losses | 2,835 | 2,668 | 2,553 | 2,933 | 2,962 | 5.5 | 5.0 | 4.8 | 5.5 | 5.6 |
At contracting establishments | 2,530 | 2,380 | 2,086 | 2,668 | 2,718 | 4.9 | 4.5 | 3.9 | 5.0 | 5.1 |
At closing establishments | 305 | 288 | 467 | 265 | 244 | 0.6 | 0.5 | 0.9 | 0.5 | 0.5 |
Net employment change (2) | -23 | 178 | 598 | 49 | 8 | -0.1 | 0.4 | 1.1 | 0.1 | 0.0 |
Financial activities | ||||||||||
Gross job gains | 955 | 896 | 1,253 | 1,150 | 1,067 | 3.3 | 3.1 | 4.3 | 3.9 | 3.7 |
At expanding establishments | 748 | 780 | 1,043 | 993 | 868 | 2.6 | 2.7 | 3.6 | 3.4 | 3.0 |
At opening establishments | 207 | 116 | 210 | 157 | 199 | 0.7 | 0.4 | 0.7 | 0.5 | 0.7 |
Gross job losses | 1,082 | 944 | 1,051 | 1,127 | 1,166 | 3.8 | 3.2 | 3.6 | 3.9 | 4.0 |
At contracting establishments | 949 | 788 | 887 | 955 | 966 | 3.3 | 2.7 | 3.0 | 3.3 | 3.3 |
At closing establishments | 133 | 156 | 164 | 172 | 200 | 0.5 | 0.5 | 0.6 | 0.6 | 0.7 |
Net employment change (2) | -127 | -48 | 202 | 23 | -99 | -0.5 | -0.1 | 0.7 | 0.0 | -0.3 |
Professional and business services | ||||||||||
Gross job gains | 2,278 | 2,251 | 2,275 | 2,290 | 2,724 | 7.5 | 7.3 | 7.5 | 7.5 | 8.8 |
At expanding establishments | 1,720 | 1,783 | 1,853 | 1,773 | 2,012 | 5.7 | 5.8 | 6.1 | 5.8 | 6.5 |
At opening establishments | 558 | 468 | 422 | 517 | 712 | 1.8 | 1.5 | 1.4 | 1.7 | 2.3 |
Gross job losses | 2,391 | 2,276 | 2,061 | 2,154 | 2,373 | 7.9 | 7.5 | 6.8 | 7.1 | 7.7 |
At contracting establishments | 1,970 | 1,784 | 1,666 | 1,737 | 1,879 | 6.5 | 5.9 | 5.5 | 5.7 | 6.1 |
At closing establishments | 421 | 492 | 395 | 417 | 494 | 1.4 | 1.6 | 1.3 | 1.4 | 1.6 |
Net employment change (2) | -113 | -25 | 214 | 136 | 351 | -0.4 | -0.2 | 0.7 | 0.4 | 1.1 |
Leisure and hospitality | ||||||||||
Gross job gains | 5,237 | 5,060 | 4,896 | 4,762 | 5,784 | 11.4 | 10.9 | 10.6 | 10.4 | 12.4 |
At expanding establishments | 4,170 | 4,103 | 3,689 | 3,889 | 4,432 | 9.1 | 8.8 | 8.0 | 8.5 | 9.5 |
At opening establishments | 1,067 | 957 | 1,207 | 873 | 1,352 | 2.3 | 2.1 | 2.6 | 1.9 | 2.9 |
Gross job losses | 4,752 | 4,850 | 5,534 | 4,612 | 4,761 | 10.4 | 10.5 | 12.0 | 10.1 | 10.2 |
At contracting establishments | 3,853 | 4,030 | 4,675 | 3,929 | 3,867 | 8.4 | 8.7 | 10.1 | 8.6 | 8.3 |
At closing establishments | 899 | 820 | 859 | 683 | 894 | 2.0 | 1.8 | 1.9 | 1.5 | 1.9 |
Net employment change (2) | 485 | 210 | -638 | 150 | 1,023 | 1.0 | 0.4 | -1.4 | 0.3 | 2.2 |
Other services (3) | ||||||||||
Gross job gains | 843 | 774 | 875 | 711 | 808 | 8.2 | 7.5 | 8.3 | 6.7 | 7.7 |
At expanding establishments | 723 | 663 | 741 | 569 | 650 | 7.0 | 6.4 | 7.0 | 5.4 | 6.2 |
At opening establishments | 120 | 111 | 134 | 142 | 158 | 1.2 | 1.1 | 1.3 | 1.3 | 1.5 |
Gross job losses | 795 | 747 | 666 | 917 | 725 | 7.7 | 7.2 | 6.3 | 8.8 | 6.9 |
At contracting establishments | 659 | 623 | 558 | 774 | 586 | 6.4 | 6.0 | 5.3 | 7.4 | 5.6 |
At closing establishments | 136 | 124 | 108 | 143 | 139 | 1.3 | 1.2 | 1.0 | 1.4 | 1.3 |
Net employment change (2) | 48 | 27 | 209 | -206 | 83 | 0.5 | 0.3 | 2.0 | -2.1 | 0.8 |
Footnotes: |
Category | Gross job gains as a percent of employment (3 months ended) | Gross job losses as a percent of employment (3 months ended) | ||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Dec. 2014 | Mar. 2015 | June 2015 | Sept. 2015 | Dec. 2015 | Dec. 2014 | Mar. 2015 | June 2015 | Sept. 2015 | Dec. 2015 | |
United States (1) | 6.6 | 5.9 | 6.4 | 6.1 | 6.6 | 5.7 | 5.7 | 5.7 | 5.8 | 5.8 |
Alabama | 6.0 | 5.6 | 5.9 | 5.8 | 6.2 | 5.2 | 5.4 | 5.3 | 5.6 | 5.3 |
Alaska | 10.6 | 10.4 | 10.6 | 9.0 | 9.5 | 10.4 | 9.2 | 10.8 | 10.2 | 10.5 |
Arizona | 7.0 | 6.0 | 5.9 | 6.8 | 6.9 | 5.3 | 5.7 | 5.7 | 5.4 | 5.4 |
Arkansas | 6.6 | 5.4 | 5.9 | 6.1 | 6.3 | 5.1 | 5.7 | 5.3 | 5.2 | 5.1 |
California | 7.4 | 6.8 | 6.8 | 6.9 | 7.6 | 6.4 | 6.2 | 6.5 | 5.8 | 6.7 |
Colorado | 7.0 | 6.9 | 7.0 | 7.1 | 7.0 | 6.1 | 6.1 | 6.4 | 6.4 | 6.3 |
Connecticut | 5.4 | 4.8 | 5.8 | 5.1 | 5.3 | 5.2 | 5.1 | 4.8 | 5.8 | 5.0 |
Delaware | 7.0 | 5.7 | 7.6 | 6.1 | 7.2 | 5.4 | 7.3 | 5.6 | 6.1 | 6.2 |
District of Columbia | 5.5 | 5.5 | 6.2 | 6.2 | 5.9 | 5.3 | 5.4 | 5.4 | 5.5 | 4.7 |
Florida | 7.1 | 6.3 | 6.9 | 6.8 | 7.1 | 6.0 | 5.6 | 5.9 | 5.8 | 5.8 |
Georgia | 6.9 | 6.2 | 6.7 | 6.5 | 6.9 | 5.5 | 5.6 | 5.7 | 5.9 | 5.7 |
Hawaii | 5.2 | 4.9 | 4.9 | 5.1 | 5.7 | 4.4 | 4.8 | 5.0 | 4.8 | 4.6 |
Idaho | 8.0 | 9.1 | 7.5 | 7.8 | 7.9 | 7.0 | 7.0 | 7.1 | 7.1 | 6.9 |
Illinois | 6.2 | 5.8 | 6.2 | 5.4 | 6.4 | 5.5 | 5.7 | 5.2 | 5.7 | 5.6 |
Indiana | 6.3 | 5.3 | 5.7 | 5.4 | 6.2 | 5.0 | 5.3 | 5.1 | 5.3 | 4.9 |
Iowa | 6.1 | 5.9 | 6.1 | 5.6 | 6.0 | 5.6 | 5.4 | 5.9 | 6.0 | 5.6 |
Kansas | 6.2 | 5.7 | 6.0 | 5.7 | 6.2 | 5.4 | 5.8 | 5.8 | 5.7 | 5.6 |
Kentucky | 6.6 | 5.5 | 6.4 | 6.0 | 6.6 | 5.3 | 6.0 | 5.5 | 5.6 | 5.3 |
Louisiana | 6.8 | 6.1 | 6.3 | 6.2 | 6.5 | 5.8 | 6.7 | 6.8 | 6.2 | 6.3 |
Maine | 7.2 | 6.5 | 8.0 | 6.5 | 7.1 | 7.2 | 7.0 | 6.4 | 7.1 | 7.0 |
Maryland | 6.7 | 5.9 | 7.0 | 6.5 | 6.7 | 6.2 | 6.2 | 5.9 | 6.3 | 5.9 |
Massachusetts | 6.0 | 5.1 | 6.3 | 5.4 | 5.9 | 5.2 | 5.4 | 5.0 | 5.6 | 5.2 |
Michigan | 6.2 | 5.2 | 6.1 | 5.4 | 6.1 | 5.2 | 5.1 | 5.2 | 5.7 | 5.3 |
Minnesota | 5.8 | 5.6 | 6.1 | 5.4 | 6.1 | 5.4 | 5.2 | 5.2 | 5.9 | 5.8 |
Mississippi | 6.9 | 5.5 | 6.3 | 6.2 | 7.1 | 5.4 | 6.4 | 5.9 | 5.8 | 5.4 |
Missouri | 6.3 | 5.6 | 6.0 | 5.7 | 6.3 | 5.1 | 5.4 | 5.2 | 5.5 | 5.1 |
Montana | 8.5 | 9.1 | 8.0 | 7.6 | 8.5 | 8.0 | 7.2 | 8.4 | 7.7 | 7.3 |
Nebraska | 6.2 | 6.1 | 5.9 | 6.0 | 6.1 | 5.6 | 5.6 | 5.7 | 5.5 | 5.5 |
Nevada | 6.6 | 6.3 | 6.2 | 6.2 | 6.8 | 5.3 | 5.3 | 5.7 | 5.3 | 5.2 |
New Hampshire | 6.9 | 5.7 | 6.8 | 6.0 | 6.7 | 6.0 | 5.7 | 5.9 | 6.3 | 5.6 |
New Jersey | 6.9 | 5.8 | 7.1 | 6.3 | 6.8 | 6.2 | 6.0 | 5.9 | 6.1 | 5.9 |
New Mexico | 7.2 | 6.4 | 6.7 | 6.5 | 6.8 | 6.1 | 6.5 | 6.8 | 6.5 | 6.8 |
New York | 6.6 | 5.9 | 6.7 | 6.3 | 6.5 | 5.8 | 5.9 | 5.8 | 6.0 | 5.9 |
North Carolina | 6.5 | 5.9 | 6.4 | 6.1 | 6.6 | 5.4 | 5.7 | 5.4 | 5.6 | 5.5 |
North Dakota | 8.7 | 7.1 | 6.7 | 7.1 | 6.7 | 6.7 | 8.7 | 11.3 | 8.5 | 8.1 |
Ohio | 6.1 | 5.4 | 6.0 | 5.4 | 6.0 | 5.1 | 5.6 | 5.3 | 5.6 | 5.2 |
Oklahoma | 6.7 | 5.7 | 6.0 | 6.0 | 6.3 | 5.5 | 6.1 | 6.5 | 6.1 | 6.5 |
Oregon | 7.1 | 6.9 | 6.9 | 7.0 | 7.0 | 6.3 | 5.7 | 6.1 | 6.4 | 6.2 |
Pennsylvania | 5.6 | 4.9 | 5.6 | 5.2 | 5.7 | 4.9 | 5.2 | 4.9 | 5.2 | 5.1 |
Rhode Island | 6.4 | 5.3 | 6.6 | 5.8 | 6.6 | 5.6 | 5.8 | 5.8 | 5.7 | 5.7 |
South Carolina | 6.8 | 5.7 | 6.5 | 6.2 | 7.1 | 5.0 | 5.5 | 5.6 | 5.8 | 5.3 |
South Dakota | 6.3 | 6.3 | 6.3 | 5.9 | 6.6 | 5.8 | 5.7 | 5.9 | 6.1 | 5.9 |
Tennessee | 6.2 | 5.2 | 5.9 | 5.8 | 6.3 | 4.8 | 5.2 | 4.8 | 5.1 | 4.6 |
Texas | 6.4 | 5.8 | 6.0 | 5.9 | 6.0 | 5.0 | 5.7 | 5.5 | 5.5 | 5.5 |
Utah | 7.2 | 7.3 | 6.9 | 7.0 | 7.2 | 5.8 | 5.9 | 6.1 | 5.9 | 6.0 |
Vermont | 7.5 | 6.8 | 7.3 | 6.9 | 7.1 | 6.7 | 6.8 | 7.0 | 7.6 | 6.5 |
Virginia | 5.8 | 6.0 | 6.4 | 6.9 | 6.4 | 5.5 | 5.6 | 5.4 | 5.9 | 5.5 |
Washington | 6.9 | 6.7 | 7.2 | 6.5 | 6.7 | 6.1 | 5.6 | 5.8 | 6.7 | 6.0 |
West Virginia | 6.6 | 6.0 | 6.3 | 5.8 | 6.6 | 6.0 | 6.7 | 6.6 | 6.8 | 6.4 |
Wisconsin | 5.8 | 5.4 | 5.7 | 5.5 | 5.7 | 5.2 | 5.1 | 5.2 | 5.6 | 5.2 |
Wyoming | 9.3 | 8.9 | 7.8 | 8.3 | 9.0 | 8.0 | 8.9 | 10.9 | 8.7 | 9.2 |
Puerto Rico | 6.4 | 5.3 | 5.8 | 6.2 | 6.3 | 4.9 | 6.4 | 6.8 | 6.3 | 5.8 |
Virgin Islands | 6.2 | 5.5 | 6.3 | 5.8 | 7.3 | 5.6 | 5.9 | 6.7 | 7.4 | 5.4 |
Footnotes |
Last Modified Date: Friday, September 30, 2016