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19-108-CHI
Wednesday, March 20, 2019
From March 2018 to June 2018, gross job gains in private sector establishments in Nebraska totaled 47,811, while gross job losses numbered 47,285, the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics reported today. Assistant Commissioner for Regional Operations Charlene Peiffer noted that gross job gains exceeded gross job losses by 526. During the previous quarter, gross job gains exceeded gross job losses by 1,697. (See chart 1.)
The change in the number of jobs over time is the net result of increases and decreases in employment that occur at all businesses in the economy. Business Employment Dynamics (BED) statistics track these changes in employment at private business establishments from the third month of one quarter to the third month of the next. Gross job gains are the sum of increases in employment from expansions at existing establishments and the addition of new jobs at opening establishments. Gross job losses are the result of contractions in employment at existing establishments and the loss of jobs at closing establishments. The difference between the number of gross job gains and the number of gross job losses is the net change in employment. (See the Technical Note for more information.)
The 47,811 gross job gains in June 2018, although higher than the 46,119 gross job gains seen in the previous quarter, remained below the 5-year peak of 51,477 in September 2016. Gross job losses in June 2018 totaled 47,285 in the state, an increase from 44,422 in the previous quarter. Nebraska’s gross job losses were at a 5-year high of 50,012 in December 2016 and a low of 41,578 in June 2013.
Nebraska’s rate of gross job gains as a percent of private sector employment was 5.9 percent in June 2018, below the national rate of 6.1 percent. Nebraska’s rate of gross job gains has been at or below the U.S. rate each quarter over the past five years, with one exception. (See chart 2.) The rate of gross job losses as a percent of private sector employment in Nebraska was 5.8 percent, matching the national rate in the quarter ended June 2018. Over the last five years, with few exceptions, the rate of gross job losses in Nebraska has been at or below the U.S. rate each quarter.
During the second quarter of 2018, gross job gains exceeded gross job losses in six industry sectors in Nebraska. For example, within education and health services, gross job gains exceeded gross job losses by 452. While nearly 7,000 jobs were created in opening and expanding establishments in the industry, more than 6,400 jobs were lost in closing and contracting establishments in the 3-months ended in June 2018. Net employment gains were less than 350 in each of the five remaining sectors. (See table 1.)
In contrast, gross job losses exceeded gross job gains in four industry sectors. Within retail trade and professional and business services, gross job losses exceeded gross job gains by 336 and 308, respectively. Net employment losses were less than 200 in the two remaining sectors.
Six of the seven states in the West North Central Census division, including Nebraska, had gross job gains that exceeded gross job losses in the quarter ended June 2018. Five states in the division, including Nebraska, had rates of gross job gains that were lower than the 6.1-percent national rate. (See table A.) Four states in the division had rates of gross job losses that were lower than the 5.8-percent national rate. As noted, Nebraska’s rate of gross job losses matched the national rate.
Area | Gross job gains | Gross job losses | Net change | Net change as a percent of total employment | ||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Total | As a percent of total employment | Total | As a percent of total employment | |||
United States | 7,639,000 | 6.1 | 7,202,000 | 5.8 | 437,000 | 0.3 |
West North Central (1) | 511,902 | — | 489,604 | — | 22,298 | — |
Iowa | 74,977 | 5.7 | 70,344 | 5.4 | 4,633 | 0.3 |
Kansas | 64,974 | 5.7 | 63,272 | 5.6 | 1,702 | 0.1 |
Minnesota | 143,233 | 5.8 | 130,411 | 5.3 | 12,822 | 0.5 |
Missouri | 136,175 | 5.7 | 135,227 | 5.7 | 948 | 0.0 |
Nebraska | 47,811 | 5.9 | 47,285 | 5.8 | 526 | 0.1 |
North Dakota | 23,378 | 6.7 | 21,525 | 6.2 | 1,853 | 0.5 |
South Dakota | 21,354 | 6.1 | 21,540 | 6.1 | -186 | 0.0 |
Footnotes: | ||||||
Note: Dash indicates data not available. |
Additional statistics and other information
BED data for the states have been included in table 2 of this release. For more information on the Business Employment Dynamics data, visit the BED web site at www.bls.gov/bdm/.
The Business Employment Dynamics for third quarter 2018 are scheduled to be released on Wednesday, April 24, 2019.
The Business Employment Dynamics (BED) data are a product of a federal-state cooperative program known as Quarterly Census of Employment and Wages (QCEW), or the ES-202 program. The BED data are compiled from existing QCEW records. The QCEW reports are sent by the State Employment Security Agencies (SESAs) to BLS and form the basis of the Bureau’s QCEW program and establishment universe sampling frame. These reports are also used to produce the QCEW data on total employment and wages. Other important Bureau uses of the QCEW reports are in the Current Employment Statistics (CES) program. The CES program produces monthly estimates of employment, net changes, and earnings by detailed industry.
In the BED program, the QCEW records are linked across quarters to provide a longitudinal history for each establishment. The linkage process allows the tracking of net employment changes at the establishment level, which in turn allows the estimation of jobs gained at opening and expanding establishments and jobs lost at closing and contracting establishments.
The change in the number of jobs over time is the net result of increases and decreases in employment that occur at all businesses in the economy. BED statistics track these changes in employment at private business establishments from the third month of one quarter to the third month of the next. Gross job gains are the sum of increases in employment from expansions at existing establishments and the addition of new jobs at opening establishments. Gross job losses are the result of contractions in employment at existing establishments and the loss of jobs at closing establishments. The difference between the number of gross jobs gained and the number of gross jobs lost is the net change in employment.
Gross job gains and gross job losses are expressed as rates by dividing their levels by the average of employment in the current and previous quarters. The rates are calculated for the components of gross job gains and gross job losses and then summed to form their respective totals. These rates can be added and subtracted just as their levels can. For instance, the difference between the gross job gains rate and the gross job losses rate is the net growth rate.
The formal definitions of employment changes are as follows:
Openings. These are either establishments with positive third month employment for the second time in the current quarter, with no links to the prior quarter, or with positive third month employment in the current quarter following zero employment in the previous quarter.
Expansions. These are establishments with positive employment in the third month in both the previous and current quarters, with a net increase in employment over this period.
Closings. These are either establishments with positive third month employment in the previous quarter, with no employment or zero employment reported in the current quarter.
Contractions. These are establishments with positive employment in the third month in both the previous and current quarters, with a net decrease in employment over this period.
Information in this release will be made available to sensory impaired individuals upon request. Voice phone: (202) 691-5200; Federal Relay Service: (800) 877-8339.
Category | Gross job gains and job losses (3 months ended) | Gross job gains and job losses as a percent of employment (3 months ended) | ||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
June 2017 | Sept 2017 | Dec. 2017 | Mar. 2018 | June 2018 | June 2017 | Sept 2017 | Dec. 2017 | Mar. 2018 | June 2018 | |
Total private (1) | ||||||||||
Gross job gains | 45,194 | 47,837 | 50,496 | 46,119 | 47,811 | 5.5 | 5.9 | 6.2 | 5.6 | 5.9 |
At expanding establishments | 37,506 | 39,140 | 41,291 | 37,618 | 38,003 | 4.6 | 4.8 | 5.1 | 4.6 | 4.7 |
At opening establishments | 7,688 | 8,697 | 9,205 | 8,501 | 9,808 | 0.9 | 1.1 | 1.1 | 1.0 | 1.2 |
Gross job losses | 49,129 | 47,865 | 44,716 | 44,422 | 47,285 | 6.1 | 5.9 | 5.5 | 5.5 | 5.8 |
At contracting establishments | 40,578 | 39,041 | 35,920 | 37,300 | 38,308 | 5.0 | 4.8 | 4.4 | 4.6 | 4.7 |
At closing establishments | 8,551 | 8,824 | 8,796 | 7,122 | 8,977 | 1.1 | 1.1 | 1.1 | 0.9 | 1.1 |
Net employment change (2) | -3,935 | -28 | 5,780 | 1,697 | 526 | -0.6 | 0.0 | 0.7 | 0.1 | 0.1 |
Construction | ||||||||||
Gross job gains | 4,482 | 4,787 | 5,844 | 5,349 | 5,095 | 8.6 | 9.4 | 11.4 | 10.2 | 9.7 |
At expanding establishments | 3,485 | 3,959 | 4,678 | 4,155 | 4,044 | 6.7 | 7.8 | 9.1 | 7.9 | 7.7 |
At opening establishments | 997 | 828 | 1,166 | 1,194 | 1,051 | 1.9 | 1.6 | 2.3 | 2.3 | 2.0 |
Gross job losses | 5,185 | 4,922 | 4,508 | 4,907 | 4,800 | 10.0 | 9.7 | 8.7 | 9.3 | 9.2 |
At contracting establishments | 4,311 | 3,996 | 3,661 | 4,001 | 3,763 | 8.3 | 7.9 | 7.1 | 7.6 | 7.2 |
At closing establishments | 874 | 926 | 847 | 906 | 1,037 | 1.7 | 1.8 | 1.6 | 1.7 | 2.0 |
Net employment change (2) | -703 | -135 | 1,336 | 442 | 295 | -1.4 | -0.3 | 2.7 | 0.9 | 0.5 |
Manufacturing | ||||||||||
Gross job gains | 2,351 | 2,631 | 3,202 | 2,200 | 2,525 | 2.4 | 2.7 | 3.3 | 2.3 | 2.6 |
At expanding establishments | 2,238 | 2,524 | 3,115 | 2,045 | 2,372 | 2.3 | 2.6 | 3.2 | 2.1 | 2.4 |
At opening establishments | 113 | 107 | 87 | 155 | 153 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.2 | 0.2 |
Gross job losses | 2,185 | 2,421 | 1,869 | 2,333 | 2,701 | 2.2 | 2.5 | 1.9 | 2.3 | 2.7 |
At contracting establishments | 1,996 | 2,175 | 1,751 | 2,215 | 2,493 | 2.0 | 2.2 | 1.8 | 2.2 | 2.5 |
At closing establishments | 189 | 246 | 118 | 118 | 208 | 0.2 | 0.3 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.2 |
Net employment change (2) | 166 | 210 | 1,333 | -133 | -176 | 0.2 | 0.2 | 1.4 | 0.0 | -0.1 |
Wholesale trade | ||||||||||
Gross job gains | 1,998 | 1,837 | 2,425 | 1,990 | 2,121 | 4.8 | 4.5 | 5.8 | 4.8 | 5.3 |
At expanding establishments | 1,736 | 1,472 | 2,035 | 1,643 | 1,765 | 4.2 | 3.6 | 4.9 | 4.0 | 4.4 |
At opening establishments | 262 | 365 | 390 | 347 | 356 | 0.6 | 0.9 | 0.9 | 0.8 | 0.9 |
Gross job losses | 1,936 | 2,263 | 1,758 | 2,317 | 1,952 | 4.7 | 5.5 | 4.3 | 5.7 | 4.8 |
At contracting establishments | 1,556 | 1,768 | 1,381 | 1,924 | 1,529 | 3.8 | 4.3 | 3.4 | 4.7 | 3.8 |
At closing establishments | 380 | 495 | 377 | 393 | 423 | 0.9 | 1.2 | 0.9 | 1.0 | 1.0 |
Net employment change (2) | 62 | -426 | 667 | -327 | 169 | 0.1 | -1.0 | 1.5 | -0.9 | 0.5 |
Retail trade | ||||||||||
Gross job gains | 5,829 | 5,989 | 5,767 | 5,849 | 5,709 | 5.3 | 5.5 | 5.3 | 5.4 | 5.2 |
At expanding establishments | 5,152 | 5,024 | 5,099 | 5,207 | 4,965 | 4.7 | 4.6 | 4.7 | 4.8 | 4.5 |
At opening establishments | 677 | 965 | 668 | 642 | 744 | 0.6 | 0.9 | 0.6 | 0.6 | 0.7 |
Gross job losses | 6,944 | 6,541 | 6,095 | 5,628 | 6,045 | 6.3 | 6.0 | 5.6 | 5.2 | 5.5 |
At contracting establishments | 5,968 | 5,602 | 5,420 | 5,236 | 5,458 | 5.4 | 5.1 | 5.0 | 4.8 | 5.0 |
At closing establishments | 976 | 939 | 675 | 392 | 587 | 0.9 | 0.9 | 0.6 | 0.4 | 0.5 |
Net employment change (2) | -1,115 | -552 | -328 | 221 | -336 | -1.0 | -0.5 | -0.3 | 0.2 | -0.3 |
Transportation and warehousing | ||||||||||
Gross job gains | 1,879 | 1,880 | 2,554 | 1,697 | 1,675 | 4.7 | 4.8 | 6.4 | 4.2 | 4.2 |
At expanding establishments | 1,666 | 1,489 | 2,358 | 1,356 | 1,448 | 4.2 | 3.8 | 5.9 | 3.4 | 3.6 |
At opening establishments | 213 | 391 | 196 | 341 | 227 | 0.5 | 1.0 | 0.5 | 0.8 | 0.6 |
Gross job losses | 1,753 | 1,699 | 1,589 | 2,158 | 1,812 | 4.4 | 4.3 | 3.9 | 5.4 | 4.5 |
At contracting establishments | 1,549 | 1,472 | 1,169 | 1,964 | 1,538 | 3.9 | 3.7 | 2.9 | 4.9 | 3.8 |
At closing establishments | 204 | 227 | 420 | 194 | 274 | 0.5 | 0.6 | 1.0 | 0.5 | 0.7 |
Net employment change (2) | 126 | 181 | 965 | -461 | -137 | 0.3 | 0.5 | 2.5 | -1.2 | -0.3 |
Financial activities | ||||||||||
Gross job gains | 2,561 | 2,764 | 2,528 | 2,545 | 2,590 | 3.8 | 4.1 | 3.8 | 3.7 | 3.9 |
At expanding establishments | 2,141 | 2,273 | 1,923 | 1,987 | 2,117 | 3.2 | 3.4 | 2.9 | 2.9 | 3.2 |
At opening establishments | 420 | 491 | 605 | 558 | 473 | 0.6 | 0.7 | 0.9 | 0.8 | 0.7 |
Gross job losses | 2,371 | 2,304 | 2,439 | 2,160 | 2,257 | 3.6 | 3.5 | 3.7 | 3.2 | 3.4 |
At contracting establishments | 1,888 | 1,857 | 1,997 | 1,704 | 1,652 | 2.9 | 2.8 | 3.0 | 2.5 | 2.5 |
At closing establishments | 483 | 447 | 442 | 456 | 605 | 0.7 | 0.7 | 0.7 | 0.7 | 0.9 |
Net employment change (2) | 190 | 460 | 89 | 385 | 333 | 0.2 | 0.6 | 0.1 | 0.5 | 0.5 |
Professional and business services | ||||||||||
Gross job gains | 7,950 | 8,530 | 8,170 | 7,978 | 8,385 | 6.8 | 7.3 | 7.0 | 6.7 | 7.1 |
At expanding establishments | 6,447 | 6,925 | 6,562 | 6,403 | 6,644 | 5.5 | 5.9 | 5.6 | 5.4 | 5.6 |
At opening establishments | 1,503 | 1,605 | 1,608 | 1,575 | 1,741 | 1.3 | 1.4 | 1.4 | 1.3 | 1.5 |
Gross job losses | 9,141 | 7,792 | 8,293 | 7,400 | 8,693 | 7.8 | 6.6 | 7.1 | 6.3 | 7.3 |
At contracting establishments | 7,434 | 6,250 | 6,684 | 6,123 | 6,927 | 6.3 | 5.3 | 5.7 | 5.2 | 5.8 |
At closing establishments | 1,707 | 1,542 | 1,609 | 1,277 | 1,766 | 1.5 | 1.3 | 1.4 | 1.1 | 1.5 |
Net employment change (2) | -1,191 | 738 | -123 | 578 | -308 | -1.0 | 0.7 | -0.1 | 0.4 | -0.2 |
Education and health services | ||||||||||
Gross job gains | 6,461 | 6,790 | 6,895 | 6,553 | 6,902 | 4.7 | 4.9 | 5.0 | 4.7 | 5.0 |
At expanding establishments | 5,070 | 5,115 | 5,074 | 5,149 | 5,032 | 3.7 | 3.7 | 3.7 | 3.7 | 3.6 |
At opening establishments | 1,391 | 1,675 | 1,821 | 1,404 | 1,870 | 1.0 | 1.2 | 1.3 | 1.0 | 1.4 |
Gross job losses | 7,027 | 6,920 | 6,834 | 6,172 | 6,450 | 5.2 | 5.1 | 5.0 | 4.5 | 4.7 |
At contracting establishments | 5,426 | 5,032 | 4,330 | 4,653 | 4,833 | 4.0 | 3.7 | 3.2 | 3.4 | 3.5 |
At closing establishments | 1,601 | 1,888 | 2,504 | 1,519 | 1,617 | 1.2 | 1.4 | 1.8 | 1.1 | 1.2 |
Net employment change (2) | -566 | -130 | 61 | 381 | 452 | -0.5 | -0.2 | 0.0 | 0.2 | 0.3 |
Leisure and hospitality | ||||||||||
Gross job gains | 8,202 | 8,710 | 8,742 | 8,197 | 8,957 | 8.9 | 9.5 | 9.5 | 8.9 | 9.7 |
At expanding establishments | 6,659 | 7,329 | 6,890 | 6,576 | 6,671 | 7.2 | 8.0 | 7.5 | 7.1 | 7.2 |
At opening establishments | 1,543 | 1,381 | 1,852 | 1,621 | 2,286 | 1.7 | 1.5 | 2.0 | 1.8 | 2.5 |
Gross job losses | 8,715 | 9,100 | 7,817 | 7,411 | 8,673 | 9.4 | 10.0 | 8.5 | 8.0 | 9.4 |
At contracting establishments | 7,224 | 7,678 | 6,701 | 6,152 | 7,077 | 7.8 | 8.4 | 7.3 | 6.6 | 7.7 |
At closing establishments | 1,491 | 1,422 | 1,116 | 1,259 | 1,596 | 1.6 | 1.6 | 1.2 | 1.4 | 1.7 |
Net employment change (2) | -513 | -390 | 925 | 786 | 284 | -0.5 | -0.5 | 1.0 | 0.9 | 0.3 |
Other services (3) | ||||||||||
Gross job gains | 1,585 | 1,688 | 1,650 | 1,662 | 1,851 | 6.6 | 7.0 | 6.9 | 6.9 | 7.6 |
At expanding establishments | 1,302 | 1,360 | 1,319 | 1,356 | 1,290 | 5.4 | 5.6 | 5.5 | 5.6 | 5.3 |
At opening establishments | 283 | 328 | 331 | 306 | 561 | 1.2 | 1.4 | 1.4 | 1.3 | 2.3 |
Gross job losses | 1,572 | 1,684 | 1,572 | 1,513 | 1,526 | 6.5 | 6.9 | 6.5 | 6.2 | 6.2 |
At contracting establishments | 1,283 | 1,362 | 1,261 | 1,235 | 1,207 | 5.3 | 5.6 | 5.2 | 5.1 | 4.9 |
At closing establishments | 289 | 322 | 311 | 278 | 319 | 1.2 | 1.3 | 1.3 | 1.1 | 1.3 |
Net employment change (2) | 13 | 4 | 78 | 149 | 325 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.4 | 0.7 | 1.4 |
Footnotes: |
Category | Gross job gains as a percent of employment (3 months ended) | Gross job losses as a percent of employment (3 months ended) | ||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
June 2017 | Sept. 2017 | Dec. 2017 | Mar. 2018 | June 2018 | June 2017 | Sept. 2017 | Dec. 2017 | Mar. 2018 | June 2018 | |
United States(1) | 6.2 | 6.0 | 6.4 | 6.0 | 6.1 | 5.8 | 6.1 | 5.6 | 5.4 | 5.8 |
Alabama | 5.6 | 6.0 | 6.0 | 6.0 | 5.8 | 5.6 | 5.8 | 5.4 | 5.3 | 5.7 |
Alaska | 10.9 | 8.7 | 9.7 | 9.8 | 10.9 | 9.9 | 10.8 | 10.2 | 8.8 | 10.7 |
Arizona | 6.2 | 6.6 | 6.3 | 6.0 | 6.0 | 5.7 | 5.2 | 5.3 | 5.3 | 5.9 |
Arkansas | 5.4 | 5.8 | 6.1 | 5.4 | 5.0 | 5.7 | 5.5 | 5.1 | 5.0 | 5.6 |
California | 6.9 | 6.5 | 6.9 | 6.4 | 6.7 | 6.5 | 6.3 | 6.0 | 5.9 | 6.3 |
Colorado | 7.0 | 6.7 | 6.8 | 6.8 | 6.8 | 6.3 | 6.5 | 6.1 | 6.0 | 6.1 |
Connecticut | 5.7 | 5.4 | 5.3 | 5.1 | 5.8 | 5.2 | 5.8 | 5.2 | 5.2 | 5.0 |
Delaware | 6.7 | 6.4 | 7.0 | 7.1 | 6.5 | 6.6 | 6.6 | 6.4 | 5.9 | 6.0 |
District of Columbia | 5.7 | 5.4 | 5.8 | 6.0 | 5.6 | 5.4 | 5.2 | 5.0 | 4.7 | 5.5 |
Florida | 6.6 | 5.8 | 8.2 | 6.1 | 6.5 | 6.1 | 7.5 | 5.3 | 5.5 | 6.1 |
Georgia | 6.2 | 6.2 | 6.9 | 6.5 | 6.2 | 6.1 | 6.1 | 5.6 | 5.6 | 6.4 |
Hawaii | 5.2 | 5.4 | 5.1 | 5.0 | 5.2 | 5.3 | 5.1 | 4.7 | 4.8 | 5.5 |
Idaho | 7.3 | 6.7 | 7.4 | 7.9 | 7.3 | 6.6 | 6.8 | 6.6 | 5.9 | 6.7 |
Illinois | 5.7 | 5.6 | 6.0 | 5.7 | 5.6 | 5.6 | 6.0 | 5.3 | 5.1 | 5.5 |
Indiana | 5.7 | 5.4 | 5.7 | 5.6 | 5.4 | 5.5 | 5.6 | 5.0 | 5.1 | 5.5 |
Iowa | 5.7 | 5.5 | 5.9 | 5.5 | 5.7 | 5.8 | 5.7 | 5.3 | 5.3 | 5.4 |
Kansas | 5.5 | 6.3 | 5.9 | 5.2 | 5.7 | 6.5 | 5.7 | 5.2 | 5.5 | 5.6 |
Kentucky | 6.1 | 6.0 | 6.1 | 6.2 | 5.9 | 6.0 | 6.0 | 5.6 | 5.9 | 5.6 |
Louisiana | 6.3 | 6.2 | 6.2 | 6.5 | 6.1 | 6.6 | 6.1 | 6.0 | 5.8 | 6.5 |
Maine | 7.7 | 6.5 | 7.2 | 7.2 | 8.1 | 6.8 | 7.5 | 6.6 | 7.0 | 7.1 |
Maryland | 6.4 | 6.3 | 6.2 | 6.3 | 6.0 | 6.1 | 6.2 | 6.3 | 5.7 | 5.8 |
Massachusetts | 6.1 | 5.4 | 5.7 | 5.4 | 6.1 | 5.3 | 5.6 | 5.4 | 5.2 | 5.4 |
Michigan | 5.8 | 5.3 | 5.7 | 5.7 | 5.6 | 5.3 | 6.0 | 5.4 | 4.6 | 5.1 |
Minnesota | 5.7 | 5.3 | 5.8 | 5.3 | 5.8 | 5.3 | 5.7 | 5.5 | 5.0 | 5.3 |
Mississippi | 5.9 | 5.9 | 6.3 | 5.5 | 5.7 | 6.0 | 5.9 | 5.4 | 5.8 | 6.0 |
Missouri | 5.6 | 5.9 | 5.7 | 5.4 | 5.7 | 5.6 | 5.9 | 5.5 | 5.2 | 5.7 |
Montana | 7.9 | 7.2 | 8.5 | 7.8 | 8.0 | 7.7 | 7.9 | 7.4 | 7.1 | 7.8 |
Nebraska | 5.5 | 5.9 | 6.2 | 5.6 | 5.9 | 6.1 | 5.9 | 5.5 | 5.5 | 5.8 |
Nevada | 6.2 | 6.2 | 6.6 | 6.5 | 6.1 | 5.9 | 5.8 | 5.2 | 5.4 | 5.8 |
New Hampshire | 6.6 | 5.5 | 6.7 | 6.1 | 6.7 | 6.0 | 6.6 | 5.9 | 5.9 | 6.3 |
New Jersey | 6.7 | 6.0 | 6.4 | 5.6 | 6.5 | 5.6 | 6.3 | 5.8 | 5.8 | 5.7 |
New Mexico | 6.8 | 6.6 | 6.5 | 6.3 | 6.5 | 6.4 | 6.3 | 6.1 | 5.5 | 6.2 |
New York | 6.4 | 6.3 | 6.2 | 6.2 | 6.3 | 5.8 | 6.1 | 5.8 | 5.6 | 5.8 |
North Carolina | 6.3 | 6.0 | 6.3 | 6.2 | 6.1 | 6.2 | 6.0 | 5.5 | 5.2 | 5.5 |
North Dakota | 6.8 | 6.7 | 6.8 | 7.0 | 6.7 | 6.9 | 6.7 | 6.8 | 6.3 | 6.2 |
Ohio | 5.8 | 5.3 | 5.7 | 5.5 | 5.6 | 5.5 | 5.7 | 5.2 | 5.0 | 5.4 |
Oklahoma | 6.6 | 6.6 | 6.4 | 6.1 | 6.3 | 6.0 | 6.0 | 5.8 | 5.5 | 6.5 |
Oregon | 6.7 | 6.6 | 6.8 | 7.8 | 6.2 | 6.1 | 6.4 | 6.0 | 5.6 | 6.2 |
Pennsylvania | 5.5 | 5.5 | 5.5 | 5.2 | 5.3 | 5.2 | 5.2 | 5.0 | 4.9 | 5.1 |
Rhode Island | 6.5 | 6.0 | 6.6 | 6.3 | 6.3 | 5.9 | 6.3 | 6.0 | 6.1 | 6.1 |
South Carolina | 6.1 | 5.8 | 7.0 | 5.9 | 7.5 | 6.1 | 6.2 | 5.3 | 4.7 | 6.5 |
South Dakota | 6.2 | 5.8 | 6.4 | 6.4 | 6.1 | 6.2 | 5.9 | 5.7 | 5.9 | 6.1 |
Tennessee | 5.5 | 5.4 | 5.9 | 5.0 | 5.5 | 5.2 | 5.2 | 4.9 | 4.8 | 5.1 |
Texas | 5.9 | 5.9 | 6.4 | 5.8 | 5.9 | 5.4 | 5.8 | 5.3 | 5.1 | 5.2 |
Utah | 6.8 | 7.0 | 7.0 | 7.4 | 6.9 | 6.3 | 6.3 | 5.9 | 6.0 | 6.3 |
Vermont | 7.9 | 6.5 | 7.4 | 6.4 | 7.2 | 6.8 | 7.8 | 6.5 | 7.0 | 7.3 |
Virginia | 6.4 | 5.9 | 6.3 | 5.8 | 6.1 | 5.9 | 6.2 | 5.5 | 5.2 | 5.8 |
Washington | 7.1 | 6.4 | 6.9 | 7.2 | 7.3 | 6.2 | 6.4 | 6.0 | 5.7 | 6.3 |
West Virginia | 6.4 | 6.7 | 6.3 | 6.8 | 6.8 | 6.5 | 6.3 | 6.1 | 5.8 | 6.4 |
Wisconsin | 5.6 | 5.0 | 5.6 | 5.6 | 5.4 | 5.5 | 5.7 | 5.0 | 4.7 | 5.5 |
Wyoming | 8.6 | 8.7 | 8.7 | 8.4 | 8.2 | 9.1 | 7.9 | 8.4 | 8.0 | 8.3 |
Puerto Rico | 5.4 | 4.5 | 7.1 | 8.4 | 8.0 | 5.4 | 6.8 | 11.8 | 6.8 | 6.2 |
Virgin Islands | 6.7 | 4.2 | 9.2 | 12.0 | 12.5 | 5.3 | 11.6 | 28.2 | 16.8 | 8.6 |
Footnotes |
Last Modified Date: Wednesday, March 20, 2019