Prices in the Detroit-Warren-Dearborn area, as measured by the Consumer Price Index for All Urban Consumers (CPI-U), increased 1.1 percent for the two months ending in October 2022, the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics reported today. (See table A.) Regional Commissioner Jason Palmer noted that the energy index rose 2.9 percent, and the food index increased 2.5 percent from August to October. The all items less food and energy index rose 0.6 percent over the past two months. (Data in this report are not seasonally adjusted. Accordingly, bi-monthly changes may reflect seasonal influences.)

Over the last 12 months, the CPI-U increased 8.5 percent. (See chart 1 and table A.) The index for all items less food and energy increased 6.2 percent over the year. Food prices rose 15.1 percent. Energy prices increased 19.6 percent, largely the result of an increase in the price of gasoline. (See table 1.)

Food

Food prices advanced 2.5 percent for the two months ending in October. Prices for food at home (groceries) increased 2.4 percent as all six major grocery store food group indexes increased over the two-month period. Categories increasing included cereals and bakery products, 6.0 percent; other food at home (includes sugar, sweets, fats, and oils, for example), 2.0 percent; and nonalcoholic beverages and beverage materials, 4.5 percent. Prices for food away from home (restaurant, cafeteria, and vending purchases) rose 2.9 percent for the same period.

Over the year, food prices rose 15.1 percent. Prices for food at home rose 16.1 percent since a year ago. All six major grocery store food group indexes increased over the year. The index for other food at home was up 22.6 percent over the year, and the index for cereals and bakery products rose 18.5 percent. The index for dairy and related products increased 25.0 percent. Prices for food away from home rose 12.9 percent.

Energy

The energy index increased 2.9 percent for the two months ending in October. The increase was mainly due to higher prices for utility (piped) gas service (8.5 percent). Prices for gasoline increased 1.9 percent, and prices for electricity were unchanged for the same period.

Energy prices increased 19.6 percent over the year, largely due to higher prices for gasoline (24.1 percent). Prices paid for utility (piped) gas service increased 32.8 percent, and prices for electricity rose 1.8 percent during the past year.

All items less food and energy

The index for all items less food and energy increased 0.6 percent in the latest two-month period. Categories contributing to the increase included lodging away from home; new vehicles (1.9 percent); household furnishings and operations (1.1 percent); and tuition, other school fees, and childcare (1.9 percent). The indexes for owners’ equivalent rent of residences (-1.3 percent) and used cars and trucks (-6.1 percent) were lower over the two-month period.

Over the year, the index for all items less food and energy increased 6.2 percent. Components contributing to the increase included shelter (4.0 percent) and household furnishings and operations (11.7 percent).

Table A. Detroit-Warren-Dearborn, MI, CPI-U 2-month and 12-month percent changes, all items index, not seasonally adjusted

Month	2018		2019		2020		2021		2022
	2-month	12-month	2-month	12-month	2-month	12-month	2-month	12-month	2-month	12-month
February	0.3	2.1	0.4	1.2	0.5	2.6	0.6	0.8	1.1	7.5
April	0.9	2.3	0.6	1.0	-2.7	-0.8	1.7	5.4	2.5	8.3
June	1.3	3.6	0.4	0.1	1.7	0.5	1.7	5.4	3.0	9.7
August	-0.6	2.8	0.6	1.4	1.9	1.8	0.5	3.9	-0.5	8.6
October	0.0	1.9	1.0	2.4	-0.3	0.5	1.2	5.5	1.1	8.5
December	-0.6	1.2	-0.6	2.5	-0.3	0.7	1.1	7.0

The December 2022 Consumer Price Index for the Detroit-Warren-Dearborn area is scheduled to be released on Thursday, January 12, 2023.

Technical Note

The Consumer Price Index (CPI) is a measure of the average change in prices over time in a fixed market basket of goods and services. The Bureau of Labor Statistics publishes CPIs for two population groups: (1) a CPI for All Urban Consumers (CPI-U) which covers approximately 93 percent of the total U.S. population and (2) a CPI for Urban Wage Earners and Clerical Workers (CPI-W) which covers approximately 29 percent of the total U.S. population. The CPI-U includes, in addition to wage earners and clerical workers, groups such as professional, managerial, and technical workers, the self-employed, short-term workers, the unemployed, and retirees and others not in the labor force.

The CPI is based on prices of food, clothing, shelter, and fuels, transportation fares, charges for doctors' and dentists' services, drugs, and the other goods and services that people buy for day-to-day living. Each month, prices are collected in 75 urban areas across the country from about 6,000 housing units and approximately 22,000 retail establishments—department stores, supermarkets, hospitals, filling stations, and other types of stores and service establishments. All taxes directly associated with the purchase and use of items are included in the index.

The index measures price changes from a designated reference date; for most of the CPI-U the reference base is 1982-84 equals 100. An increase of 7 percent from the reference base, for example, is shown as 107.000.  Alternatively, that relationship can also be expressed as the price of a base period market basket of goods and services rising from $100 to $107. For further details see the CPI home page on the Internet at www.bls.gov/cpi and the CPI section of the BLS Handbook of Methods available on the internet at www.bls.gov/opub/hom/cpi/.

In calculating the index, price changes for the various items in each location are averaged together with weights that represent their importance in the spending of the appropriate population group. Local data are then combined to obtain a U.S. city average. Because the sample size of a local area is smaller, the local area index is subject to substantially more sampling and other measurement error than the national index. In addition, local indexes are not adjusted for seasonal influences. As a result, local area indexes show greater volatility than the national index, although their long-term trends are quite similar. NOTE: Area indexes do not measure differences in the level of prices between cities; they only measure the average change in prices for each area since the base period.

The Detroit-Warren-Dearborn, MI, Core Based Statistical Area covered in this release is comprised of Lapeer, Livingston, Macomb, Oakland, St. Clair, and Wayne Counties in Michigan.

Information in this release will be made available to individuals with sensory impairments upon request. Voice phone: (202) 691-5200; Telecommunications Relay Service: 7-1-1.

Table 1. Consumer Price Index for All Urban Consumers (CPI-U): Indexes and percent changes for selected periods
Detroit-Warren-Dearborn, MI (1982-84=100 unless otherwise noted)

Item and Group	Indexes			Percent change from-
	Aug. 2022	Sep. 2022	Oct. 2022	Oct. 2021	Aug. 2022	Sep. 2022
Expenditure category
All items	271.554	-	274.520	8.5	1.1	-
All items (1967=100)	807.171	-	815.986	-	-	-
Food and beverages	275.578	-	282.473	14.4	2.5	-
Food	278.183	-	285.274	15.1	2.5	-
Food at home	267.640	267.410	273.951	16.1	2.4	2.4
Cereals and bakery products	325.002	-	344.397	18.5	6.0	-
Meats, poultry, fish and eggs	287.335	-	291.104	7.3	1.3	-
Dairy and related products	210.297	-	212.611	25.0	1.1	-
Fruits and vegetables	265.362	-	268.328	12.6	1.1	-
Nonalcoholic beverages and beverage materials(1)	251.943	-	263.359	15.0	4.5	-
Other food at home	253.911	-	259.047	22.6	2.0	-
Food away from home	293.616	-	302.118	12.9	2.9	-
Alcoholic beverages	237.545	-	241.802	5.1	1.8	-
Housing	256.842	-	257.208	6.0	0.1	-
Shelter	290.513	286.910	288.970	4.0	-0.5	0.7
Rent of primary residence(2)	309.413	305.067	307.019	5.4	-0.8	0.6
Owners' equiv. rent of residences(2)(3)	291.329	286.342	287.445	3.3	-1.3	0.4
Owners' equiv. rent of primary residence(2)(3)	291.329	286.342	287.445	3.3	-1.3	0.4
Fuels and utilities	319.251	-	329.281	12.5	3.1	-
Household energy	255.423	263.579	265.312	14.9	3.9	0.7
Energy services(2)	257.054	265.464	267.247	14.8	4.0	0.7
Electricity(2)	271.933	272.119	271.926	1.8	0.0	-0.1
Utility (piped) gas service(2)	222.550	238.041	241.544	32.8	8.5	1.5
Household furnishings and operations	139.234	-	140.780	11.7	1.1	-
Apparel	105.242	-	106.169	6.6	0.9	-
Transportation	303.715	-	313.668	16.1	3.3	-
Private transportation	311.676	-	321.535	16.1	3.2	-
New and used motor vehicles(4)	138.866	-	141.863	-	2.2	-
New vehicles(1)	244.663	-	249.383	-	1.9	-
Used cars and trucks(1)	441.964	-	414.883	2.4	-6.1	-
Motor fuel	355.845	352.848	362.482	24.5	1.9	2.7
Gasoline (all types)	352.683	349.849	359.444	24.1	1.9	2.7
Gasoline, unleaded regular(5)	355.643	352.712	362.186	24.0	1.8	2.7
Gasoline, unleaded midgrade(5)(6)	419.869	415.694	428.370	25.0	2.0	3.0
Gasoline, unleaded premium(5)	354.590	352.751	364.751	25.3	2.9	3.4
Medical care	-	-	-	-	-	-
Recreation(4)	122.972	-	123.428	6.1	0.4	-
Education and communication(4)	154.053	-	153.845	0.6	-0.1	-
Tuition, other school fees, and childcare(1)	1,410.160	-	1,436.661	3.8	1.9	-
Other goods and services	490.765	-	491.727	1.9	0.2	-
Commodity and service group
All items	271.554	-	274.520	8.5	1.1	-
Commodities	212.887	-	214.650	11.2	0.8	-
Commodities less food and beverages	180.497	-	180.094	9.2	-0.2	-
Nondurables less food and beverages	214.653	-	216.437	13.2	0.8	-
Durables	137.866	-	135.857	4.5	-1.5	-
Services	330.974	-	335.152	6.8	1.3	-
Special aggregate indexes
All items less medical care	262.657	-	265.807	8.8	1.2	-
All items less shelter	267.658	-	272.412	10.5	1.8	-
Commodities less food	182.831	-	182.561	9.1	-0.1	-
Nondurables	244.870	-	249.106	13.9	1.7	-
Nondurables less food	216.107	-	218.042	12.6	0.9	-
Services less rent of shelter(3)	390.174	-	401.592	9.4	2.9	-
Services less medical care services	319.676	-	324.197	6.9	1.4	-
Energy	304.933	308.406	313.624	19.6	2.9	1.7
All items less energy	272.574	-	275.100	7.5	0.9	-
All items less food and energy	272.300	-	274.014	6.2	0.6	-
Footnotes (1) Index on a December 1977=100 base. (2) This index series was calculated using a Laspeyres estimator. All other item stratum index series were calculated using a geometric means estimator. (3) Index on a December 1982=100 base. (4) Indexes on a December 1997=100 base. (5) Special index based on a substantially smaller sample. (6) Index on a December 1993=100 base.
- Data not available. Note: Index applies to a month as a whole, not to any specific date. Data not seasonally adjusted.