From December 2024 to March 2025, gross job gains from opening and expanding private-sector establishments in Vermont were 17,691, while gross job losses from closing and contracting private-sector establishments were 17,366, the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics reported today. Acting Regional Commissioner Michael G. Phinney noted that the difference between the number of gross job gains and the number of gross job losses yielded a net employment gain of 325 jobs in the private sector during the first quarter of 2025. (See table 1.) During the previous quarter, gross job losses exceeded gross job gains by 102. (See chart 1.)

The change in the number of jobs over time is the net result of increases and decreases in employment that occur at all private businesses in the economy. Business Employment Dynamics (BED) statistics track these changes in employment at private-sector establishments from the third month of one quarter to the third month of the next. The difference between the number of gross job gains and the number of gross job losses is the net change in employment. (See the Business Employment Dynamics Technical Note.)

Gross job gains

In the first quarter of 2025, gross job gains represented 6.9 percent of private-sector employment in Vermont; nationally, gross job gains accounted for 5.6 percent of private-sector employment. (See chart 2.) Gross job gains are the sum of increases in employment due to expansions at existing establishments and the addition of new jobs at opening establishments. In Vermont, gross job gains at expanding establishments totaled 13,643 in the first quarter of 2025, a decrease of 142 jobs compared to the previous quarter. Opening establishments accounted for 4,048 jobs gained in the first quarter of 2025, an increase of 737 jobs from the previous quarter.

  Gross job losses

In the first quarter of 2025, gross job losses represented 6.8 percent of private-sector employment in Vermont; nationally, gross job losses accounted for 5.4 percent of private-sector employment. (See chart 3.) Gross job losses are the result of contractions in employment at existing establishments and the loss of jobs at closing establishments. In Vermont, contracting establishments lost 13,780 jobs in the first quarter of 2025, an increase of 221 jobs from the prior quarter. Closing establishments lost 3,586 jobs, a decrease of 53 jobs from the previous quarter.

For more information

The BED data series include gross job gains and gross job losses by industry subsector, for the 50 states, the District of Columbia, Puerto Rico, and the U.S. Virgin Islands, as well as gross job gains and gross job losses at the firm level by employer size class. BED data for the states have been included in table 2 of this release. Additional information is available online at the Business Employment Dynamics homepage and the Business Employment Dynamics Summary.

The Business Employment Dynamics for Second Quarter 2025 are scheduled to be released on Thursday, February 26, 2026, at 10:00 a.m. (ET).

Technical Note

The Business Employment Dynamics (BED) data are a product of a federal-state cooperative program known as Quarterly Census of Employment and Wages (QCEW). The BED data are compiled by the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics (BLS) from existing QCEW records.

More information on formal definitions of the data used in this release, along with coverage, concepts, and methodology, can be found in the Business Employment Dynamics Technical Note.

Information in this release will be made available to individuals with sensory impairments upon request. Voice phone: (202) 691-5200; Telecommunications Relay Service: 7-1-1.

Table 1. Private-sector gross job gains and losses by industry, Vermont, seasonally adjusted

Category	Gross job gains and losses (3 months ended)					Gross job gains and losses as a percent of employment (3 months ended)
	Mar. 2024	June 2024	Sept. 2024	Dec. 2024	Mar. 2025	Mar. 2024	June 2024	Sept. 2024	Dec. 2024	Mar. 2025
Total private (1)
Gross job gains	19,249	17,212	16,866	17,096	17,691	7.5	6.7	6.6	6.7	6.9
At expanding establishments	14,904	14,230	13,201	13,785	13,643	5.8	5.5	5.2	5.4	5.3
At opening establishments	4,345	2,982	3,665	3,311	4,048	1.7	1.2	1.4	1.3	1.6
Gross job losses	16,358	18,962	18,060	17,198	17,366	6.3	7.4	7.1	6.7	6.8
At contracting establishments	13,439	15,673	14,452	13,559	13,780	5.2	6.1	5.7	5.3	5.4
At closing establishments	2,919	3,289	3,608	3,639	3,586	1.1	1.3	1.4	1.4	1.4
Net employment change (2)	2,891	-1,750	-1,194	-102	325	1.2	-0.7	-0.5	0.0	0.1
Construction
Gross job gains	2,274	1,361	1,262	1,646	1,765	13.6	8.2	8.1	10.4	10.4
At expanding establishments	1,521	1,045	919	1,164	1,362	9.1	6.3	5.9	7.4	8.0
At opening establishments	753	316	343	482	403	4.5	1.9	2.2	3.0	2.4
Gross job losses	1,260	1,950	1,652	1,313	1,292	7.6	11.7	10.6	8.3	7.6
At contracting establishments	900	1,531	1,136	992	1,000	5.4	9.2	7.3	6.3	5.9
At closing establishments	360	419	516	321	292	2.2	2.5	3.3	2.0	1.7
Net employment change (2)	1,014	-589	-390	333	473	6.0	-3.5	-2.5	2.1	2.8
Retail trade
Gross job gains	2,702	1,847	2,142	1,845	2,603	7.5	5.1	6.0	5.2	7.4
At expanding establishments	2,415	1,659	1,908	1,594	2,229	6.7	4.6	5.3	4.5	6.3
At opening establishments	287	188	234	251	374	0.8	0.5	0.7	0.7	1.1
Gross job losses	1,771	2,398	2,160	2,418	1,825	5.0	6.6	6.1	6.9	5.2
At contracting establishments	1,562	2,138	1,817	1,935	1,522	4.4	5.9	5.1	5.5	4.3
At closing establishments	209	260	343	483	303	0.6	0.7	1.0	1.4	0.9
Net employment change (2)	931	-551	-18	-573	778	2.5	-1.5	-0.1	-1.7	2.2
Professional and business services
Gross job gains	3,039	2,302	2,413	2,380	3,025	9.1	6.8	7.3	7.2	9.2
At expanding establishments	1,860	1,622	1,448	1,651	2,128	5.6	4.8	4.4	5.0	6.5
At opening establishments	1,179	680	965	729	897	3.5	2.0	2.9	2.2	2.7
Gross job losses	2,328	2,925	2,630	2,655	2,409	6.9	8.7	8.0	8.1	7.4
At contracting establishments	1,621	2,080	1,720	1,808	1,729	4.8	6.2	5.2	5.5	5.3
At closing establishments	707	845	910	847	680	2.1	2.5	2.8	2.6	2.1
Net employment change (2)	711	-623	-217	-275	616	2.2	-1.9	-0.7	-0.9	1.8
Education and health services
Gross job gains	3,425	2,508	2,957	2,310	2,718	5.5	4.0	4.8	3.7	4.3
At expanding establishments	2,999	2,184	2,525	2,026	2,217	4.8	3.5	4.1	3.2	3.5
At opening establishments	426	324	432	284	501	0.7	0.5	0.7	0.5	0.8
Gross job losses	2,012	2,920	2,026	2,424	2,230	3.2	4.8	3.3	3.9	3.5
At contracting establishments	1,744	2,575	1,735	2,071	1,770	2.8	4.2	2.8	3.3	2.8
At closing establishments	268	345	291	353	460	0.4	0.6	0.5	0.6	0.7
Net employment change (2)	1,413	-412	931	-114	488	2.3	-0.8	1.5	-0.2	0.8
Leisure and hospitality
Gross job gains	3,895	5,627	4,628	5,572	4,095	11.1	15.9	13.1	15.6	11.4
At expanding establishments	2,980	4,740	3,789	4,721	3,231	8.5	13.4	10.7	13.2	9.0
At opening establishments	915	887	839	851	864	2.6	2.5	2.4	2.4	2.4
Gross job losses	5,312	4,684	5,715	4,447	6,145	15.1	13.3	16.1	12.4	17.2
At contracting establishments	4,496	4,087	4,995	3,701	5,007	12.8	11.6	14.1	10.3	14.0
At closing establishments	816	597	720	746	1,138	2.3	1.7	2.0	2.1	3.2
Net employment change (2)	-1,417	943	-1,087	1,125	-2,050	-4.0	2.6	-3.0	3.2	-5.8
Footnotes: (1) Includes unclassified sector not shown separately. (2) The net employment change is the difference between total gross job gains and total gross job losses. See the Technical Note for further information.

Table 2. Private-sector gross job gains and losses as a percent of total employment by state, seasonally adjusted

Category	Gross job gains as a percent of employment (3 months ended)					Gross job losses as a percent of employment (3 months ended)
	Mar. 2024	June 2024	Sept. 2024	Dec. 2024	Mar. 2025	Mar. 2024	June 2024	Sept. 2024	Dec. 2024	Mar. 2025
United States(1)	5.9	5.8	5.8	5.9	5.6	5.5	5.9	5.8	5.7	5.4
Alabama	5.9	5.6	5.8	5.8	5.3	5.6	5.6	5.9	5.3	5.6
Alaska	10.7	10.2	8.0	10.3	10.0	8.5	9.6	9.6	9.5	8.1
Arizona	8.2	5.6	6.4	6.1	5.8	6.5	6.5	5.7	5.9	5.3
Arkansas	5.6	5.3	5.5	5.8	5.1	5.2	5.7	5.2	4.8	5.1
California	6.0	6.2	6.3	6.7	6.0	5.7	6.9	6.2	6.4	6.2
Colorado	6.4	6.6	6.3	6.2	6.2	7.4	5.8	6.4	6.5	6.8
Connecticut	5.8	5.8	5.5	5.5	5.6	5.2	5.5	5.6	5.5	5.3
Delaware	6.2	5.8	6.8	6.1	5.9	5.0	6.5	6.4	6.3	5.3
District of Columbia	5.1	5.1	4.9	5.0	4.8	5.0	5.4	5.0	5.5	5.8
Florida	5.8	6.1	6.5	6.0	5.8	5.5	5.8	5.7	6.2	5.5
Georgia	6.1	5.9	5.8	6.0	5.5	5.7	5.7	6.1	5.4	5.7
Hawaii	5.6	5.2	5.7	5.3	4.9	5.1	5.6	5.0	5.0	5.0
Idaho	7.9	7.5	7.1	8.2	7.3	8.1	7.2	7.5	6.8	7.3
Illinois	5.2	5.1	4.9	5.1	5.0	4.8	5.1	5.0	5.1	5.0
Indiana	5.3	5.2	5.3	5.5	5.4	5.1	5.5	5.3	5.1	5.2
Iowa	6.2	5.6	5.3	5.6	5.8	5.7	5.8	6.0	5.6	5.5
Kansas	5.9	5.9	5.3	5.9	5.5	5.5	5.6	5.6	5.2	5.4
Kentucky	5.9	5.3	5.4	5.3	5.2	5.1	5.8	5.4	5.5	4.8
Louisiana	6.3	5.8	6.1	6.2	5.6	5.6	6.2	5.8	5.5	5.6
Maine	7.4	7.2	6.2	7.0	7.4	6.3	7.1	7.1	7.1	6.3
Maryland	6.1	7.1	5.9	6.0	5.9	5.5	5.9	6.1	5.9	5.7
Massachusetts	5.3	5.7	5.0	5.3	5.0	5.1	5.6	5.8	5.5	5.1
Michigan	5.5	5.7	5.3	5.4	5.2	5.2	5.4	5.8	5.9	5.3
Minnesota	6.1	5.7	5.1	5.5	5.1	5.2	5.2	5.8	5.1	5.5
Mississippi	6.0	5.7	6.3	6.3	5.7	5.8	6.3	5.7	6.2	6.1
Missouri	5.9	5.6	5.6	5.7	5.4	5.4	5.8	5.8	5.3	5.2
Montana	8.1	7.9	7.2	8.4	8.0	7.6	7.6	8.0	7.8	7.5
Nebraska	5.9	5.5	5.6	5.6	5.2	5.1	5.6	5.6	5.5	5.3
Nevada	6.0	5.8	6.2	6.1	5.4	6.1	5.8	5.9	5.6	5.9
New Hampshire	6.4	6.1	5.6	6.3	6.5	5.8	6.0	6.7	5.9	6.1
New Jersey	5.5	5.9	5.4	6.0	5.6	5.5	5.5	5.8	5.5	5.4
New Mexico	6.4	6.1	6.3	6.1	5.9	6.1	6.5	6.2	5.9	5.8
New York	6.0	5.8	5.7	5.7	6.6	5.0	5.5	5.8	5.5	5.0
North Carolina	5.5	5.6	5.5	6.1	5.4	5.4	5.5	5.8	5.5	5.5
North Dakota	6.9	6.6	6.5	6.5	6.7	6.0	6.6	6.5	6.6	6.5
Ohio	5.5	5.2	5.2	5.4	5.2	4.8	5.3	5.4	5.1	4.9
Oklahoma	5.8	5.7	6.1	6.0	5.5	5.3	6.4	5.5	5.5	5.3
Oregon	6.6	6.0	6.3	6.2	5.8	5.9	6.3	6.6	6.6	6.2
Pennsylvania	5.1	4.9	5.1	5.2	5.0	4.6	5.2	5.0	4.8	4.7
Rhode Island	6.8	6.6	6.2	7.3	6.6	5.7	6.7	6.4	6.3	5.9
South Carolina	6.5	6.1	6.2	6.4	6.1	6.3	6.0	5.9	5.9	5.5
South Dakota	6.4	6.0	5.9	6.7	6.2	5.8	6.2	5.9	5.9	6.5
Tennessee	5.7	5.5	5.6	5.5	5.4	5.0	5.6	5.7	6.2	5.1
Texas	5.5	5.4	5.7	5.8	5.1	5.1	5.3	5.3	5.2	5.1
Utah	6.9	6.5	6.8	6.8	6.6	6.3	6.9	6.2	6.3	6.0
Vermont	7.5	6.7	6.6	6.7	6.9	6.3	7.4	7.1	6.7	6.8
Virginia	5.8	5.6	5.8	5.8	5.6	5.3	5.7	5.7	5.5	5.1
Washington	5.7	5.9	5.8	5.8	5.7	6.2	5.6	5.8	5.7	5.5
West Virginia	7.1	7.0	5.9	6.5	6.4	6.1	6.7	6.6	6.1	5.7
Wisconsin	5.7	5.3	5.1	5.3	5.0	4.9	5.6	5.5	5.2	4.9
Wyoming	8.4	8.2	8.9	8.9	8.1	8.4	8.8	8.5	8.3	8.7
Puerto Rico	5.3	5.5	5.4	4.3	6.3	4.7	4.9	5.0	5.4	5.4
Virgin Islands	6.4	4.9	4.7	5.2	5.4	5.3	5.7	7.5	10.8	7.6
Footnotes (1) Totals for the United States do not include data for Puerto Rico or the Virgin Islands. The sum of the states will not necessarily add to the U.S. total because of the independent seasonal adjustment of each state.