For release 10:00 a.m. (ET) Wednesday, January 25, 2023 USDL-23-0105
Technical information: (202) 691-6553 * BDMInfo@bls.gov * www.bls.gov/bdm
Media contact: (202) 691-5902 * PressOffice@bls.gov
BUSINESS EMPLOYMENT DYNAMICS – SECOND QUARTER 2022
From March 2022 to June 2022, gross job gains from opening and expanding private-sector
establishments were 8.3 million, a decrease of 185,000 jobs from the previous quarter, the U.S.
Bureau of Labor Statistics reported today. Over this period, gross job losses from closing and contracting
private-sector establishments were 8.5 million, an increase of 1.6 million jobs from the previous quarter.
The difference between the number of gross job gains and the number of gross job losses yielded a net
employment loss of 287,000 jobs in the private sector during the second quarter of 2022. (See tables A
and 1.)
The change in the number of jobs over time is the net result of increases and decreases in employment
that occur at all private businesses in the economy. Business Employment Dynamics (BED) statistics track
these changes in employment at private-sector establishments from the third month of one quarter to the
third month of the next. The difference between the number of gross job gains and the number of gross
job losses is the net change in employment. (See Technical Note.) The BED data series include gross job
gains and gross job losses by industry subsector, for the 50 states, the District of Columbia, Puerto Rico,
and the Virgin Islands, as well as gross job gains and gross job losses at the firm level by employer size
class.
Gross Job Gains
In the second quarter of 2022, gross job gains represented 6.4 percent of private-sector employment. Gross
job gains are the sum of increases in employment due to expansions at existing establishments and the
addition of new jobs at opening establishments. Gross job gains at expanding establishments totaled 6.6
million in the second quarter of 2022, a decrease of 335,000 jobs compared to the previous quarter.
Opening establishments accounted for 1.7 million of the jobs gained in the second quarter of 2022, an
increase of 150,000 jobs from the previous quarter. (See tables A, 1, 2, and 3.)
Gross Job Losses
In the second quarter of 2022, gross job losses represented 6.7 percent of private-sector employment.
Gross job losses are the result of contractions in employment at existing establishments and the loss of
jobs at closing establishments. Contracting establishments lost 6.5 million jobs in the second quarter of
2022, an increase of 996,000 jobs from the prior quarter. In the second quarter of 2022, closing
establishments lost 2.1 million jobs, an increase of 651,000 jobs from the previous quarter. (See
tables A, 1, 2, and 3.)
Establishment Births and Deaths
In the second quarter of 2022, the number of establishment births (a subset of the openings data)
increased by 12,000 to a total of 359,000 establishments. These new establishments accounted for
1.1 million jobs, an increase of 90,000 jobs from the previous quarter. Data for establishment deaths (a
subset of the closings data) are available through the third quarter of 2021, when 734,000 jobs were
lost at 245,000 establishments, an increase of 71,000 jobs from the second quarter of 2021. (See
Technical Note and table 8.)
Table A. Three-month private-sector gross job gains and losses, seasonally adjusted
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| 3 months ended
Category | June | Sept. | Dec. | Mar. | June
| 2021 | 2021 | 2021 | 2022 | 2022
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
| Levels (in thousands)
|--------------------------------------------------
Gross job gains......................... | 8,196 | 8,882 | 9,580 | 8,438 | 8,253
At expanding establishments...... | 6,641 | 7,201 | 7,715 | 6,887 | 6,552
At opening establishments........ | 1,555 | 1,681 | 1,865 | 1,551 | 1,701
| | | | |
Gross job losses........................ | 7,260 | 7,408 | 6,688 | 6,893 | 8,540
At contracting establishments.... | 5,997 | 5,953 | 5,344 | 5,486 | 6,482
At closing establishments........ | 1,263 | 1,455 | 1,344 | 1,407 | 2,058
| | | | |
Net employment change (1)............... | 936 | 1,474 | 2,892 | 1,545 | -287
| | | | |
|--------------------------------------------------
| Rates (percent)
|--------------------------------------------------
Gross job gains......................... | 6.8 | 7.3 | 7.7 | 6.6 | 6.4
At expanding establishments...... | 5.5 | 5.9 | 6.2 | 5.4 | 5.1
At opening establishments........ | 1.3 | 1.4 | 1.5 | 1.2 | 1.3
| | | | |
Gross job losses........................ | 5.9 | 6.1 | 5.4 | 5.4 | 6.7
At contracting establishments.... | 4.9 | 4.9 | 4.3 | 4.3 | 5.1
At closing establishments........ | 1.0 | 1.2 | 1.1 | 1.1 | 1.6
| | | | |
Net employment change (1)............... | 0.9 | 1.2 | 2.3 | 1.2 | -0.3
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
(1) The net employment change is the difference between total gross job gains and total gross
job losses. See the Technical Note for further information.
Firm Size
In the second quarter of 2022, firms with 1 to 49 employees had a net employment decrease of 229,000. Firms
with 50 to 249 employees had a net employment gain of 39,000. Firms with 250 or more employees had a net
employment decrease of 240,000. (See tables 4 and 5.)
Industries
Gross job losses exceeded gross job gains in 8 of the 13 industry sectors in the second quarter of 2022.
The service-providing industries experienced a net job decline of 259,000. The goods-producing industries
had a net job loss of 28,000. (See table 3.)
States
Gross job losses surpassed gross job gains in 36 states, the District of Columbia, and the Virgin Islands
in the second quarter of 2022. (See tables 6 and 7.)
For More Information
Additional information on gross job gains and gross job losses is available online at www.bls.gov/bdm.
This information includes data for the levels and rates of gross job gains and gross job losses by firm
size, not seasonally adjusted data and seasonally adjusted time series not presented in this release,
charts of gross job gains and gross job losses by industry and firm size, and answers to frequently asked
questions. Additional information about the Business Employment Dynamics data can be found
in the Technical Note of this release or can be obtained by emailing BDMinfo@bls.gov.
_____________
The Business Employment Dynamics for Third Quarter 2022 are scheduled to be released on
Wednesday, April 26, 2023, at 10:00 a.m. (ET).
United States Department of Labor
