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News Release Information

20-758-ATL
Friday, May 08, 2020

Contacts Technical information: Media contact:
  • (404) 893-4220

Occupational Employment and Wages in Winston-Salem — May 2019

Workers in the Winston-Salem, NC Metropolitan Statistical Area had an average (mean) hourly wage of $22.83 in May 2019, about 11 percent below the nationwide average of $25.72, the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics reported today. Regional Commissioner Janet S. Rankin noted that, after testing for statistical significance, 17 of the 22 major occupational groups had average wages in the local area that were significantly lower than their respective national averages, including legal, construction and extraction, and building and grounds cleaning and maintenance.

When compared to the nationwide distribution, Winston area employment was more highly concentrated in 4 of the 22 occupational groups, including production, and healthcare practitioners and technical. Fourteen groups had employment shares significantly below their national representation, including management, business and financial operations, and computer and mathematical. (See table A and box note at end of release.)

Table A. Occupational employment and wages by major occupational group, United States and the Winston-Salem, NC Metropolitan Statistical Area, and measures of statistical significance, May 2019
Major occupational groupPercent of total employmentMean hourly wage
United StatesWinstonUnited StatesWinstonPercent difference (1)

Total, all occupations

100.0100.0$25.72$22.83*-11

Management

5.54.2*58.8858.720

Business and financial operations

5.64.6*37.5634.26*-9

Computer and mathematical

3.12.2*45.0840.02*-11

Architecture and engineering

1.81.2*42.6936.30*-15

Life, physical, and social science

0.90.6*37.2831.87*-15

Community and social service

1.51.3*24.2723.22-4

Legal

0.80.752.7137.17*-29

Educational instruction and library

6.17.1*27.7533.4220

Arts, design, entertainment, sports, and media

1.40.8*29.7924.78*-17

Healthcare practitioners and technical

5.98.6*40.2134.09*-15

Healthcare support

4.44.414.9114.53-3

Protective service

2.41.6*23.9818.63*-22

Food preparation and serving related

9.29.412.8210.70*-17

Building and grounds cleaning and maintenance

3.02.8*15.0312.26*-18

Personal care and service

2.21.8*15.0312.72*-15

Sales and related

9.89.420.7018.60*-10

Office and administrative support

13.312.7*19.7318.29*-7

Farming, fishing, and forestry

0.3(2)*15.0717.2615

Construction and extraction

4.23.6*25.2820.05*-21

Installation, maintenance, and repair

3.93.6*24.1021.49*-11

Production

6.29.9*19.3017.20*-11

Transportation and material moving

8.59.6*18.2315.22*-17

Footnotes:
(1) A positive percent difference measures how much the mean wage in the Winston-Salem, NC Metropolitan Statistical Area is above the national mean wage, while a negative difference reflects a lower wage.
(2) Indicates a value of less than 0.05 percent
* The mean hourly wage or percent share of employment is significantly different from the national average of all areas at the 90-percent confidence level.

One occupational group—production—was chosen to illustrate the diversity of data available for any of the 22 major occupational categories. Winston had 26,590 jobs in production occupations, accounting for 9.9 percent of local area employment, significantly higher than the 6.2-percent share nationally. The local average hourly wage for this occupational group was $17.20, significantly lower than the national wage of $19.30.

Some of the larger detailed occupations within the production group included miscellaneous assemblers and fabricators (4,850); inspectors, testers, sorters, samplers, and weighers (1,660); and first-line supervisors of production and operating workers (1,600). Among the higher-paying jobs in this group were first-line supervisors of production and operating workers; and separating, filtering, clarifying, precipitating, and still machine setters, operators, and tenders, with mean hourly wages of $30.22 and $26.41, respectively. At the lower end of the wage scale were sewing machine operators ($11.59) and bakers ($11.82). (Detailed data for the production occupations are presented in table 1; for a complete listing of detailed occupations available go to www.bls.gov/oes/current/oes_49180.htm.)

Location quotients allow us to explore the occupational make-up of a metropolitan area by comparing the composition of jobs in an area relative to the national average. (See table 1.) For example, a location quotient of 2.0 indicates that an occupation accounts for twice the share of employment in the area than it does nationally. In the Winston area, above-average concentrations of employment were found in many of the occupations within the production group. For instance, textile knitting and weaving machine setters, operators, and tenders were employed at 9.7 times the national rate in Winston, and woodworking machine setters, operators, and tenders, except sawing, at 7.7 times the U.S. average. Metal and plastic cutting, punching, and press machine setters, operators, and tenders had a location quotient of 1.1 in Winston, indicating that this particular occupation’s local and national employment shares were similar.

These statistics are from the Occupational Employment Statistics (OES) survey, a federal-state cooperative program between BLS and State Workforce Agencies, in this case, the North Carolina Department of Commerce.

Changes to the Occupational Employment Statistics (OES) Data

With the May 2019 estimates, the OES program has begun implementing the 2018 Standard Occupational Classification (SOC) system. Each set of OES estimates is calculated from six panels of survey data collected over three years. Because the May 2019 estimates are based on a combination of survey data collected using the 2010 SOC and survey data collected using the 2018 SOC, these estimates use a hybrid of the two classification systems that contains some combinations of occupations that are not found in either the 2010 or 2018 SOC. These combinations may include occupations from more than one 2018 SOC minor group or broad occupation. Therefore, OES will not publish data for some 2018 SOC minor groups and broad occupations in the May 2019 estimates. The May 2021 estimates, to be published in Spring 2022, will be the first OES estimates based entirely on survey data collected using the 2018 SOC.

In addition, the OES program has replaced some 2018 SOC detailed occupations with SOC broad occupations or OES-specific aggregations. These include home health aides and personal care aides, for which OES will publish only the 2018 SOC broad occupation 31-1120 Home Health and Personal Care Aides.

For more information on the occupational classification system used in the May 2019 OES estimates, please see www.bls.gov/oes/soc_2018.htm and www.bls.gov/oes/oes_ques.htm#qf10.

The May 2019 OES estimates use the metropolitan area definitions delineated in Office of Management and Budget (OMB) Bulletin 17-01, which add a new Metropolitan Statistical Area (MSA) for Twin Falls, Idaho. For more information on the area definitions used in the May 2019 estimates, please see www.bls.gov/oes/current/msa_def.htm.


Technical Note

The Occupational Employment Statistics (OES) survey is a semiannual survey measuring occupational employment and wage rates for wage and salary workers in nonfarm establishments in the United States. The OES data available from BLS include cross-industry occupational employment and wage estimates for the nation; over 580 areas, including states and the District of Columbia, metropolitan statistical areas (MSAs), nonmetropolitan areas, and territories; national industry-specific estimates at the NAICS sector, 3-digit, most 4-digit, and selected 5- and 6-digit industry levels, and national estimates by ownership across all industries and for schools and hospitals. OES data are available at www.bls.gov/oes/tables.htm.

The OES survey is a cooperative effort between BLS and the State Workforce Agencies (SWAs). BLS funds the survey and provides the procedures and technical support, while the State Workforce Agencies collect most of the data. OES estimates are constructed from a sample of about 1.1 million establishments. Each year, two semiannual panels of approximately 180,000 to 200,000 sampled establishments are contacted, one panel in May and the other in November. Responses are obtained by mail, Internet or other electronic means, email, telephone, or personal visit. The May 2019 estimates are based on responses from six semiannual panels collected over a 3-year period: May 2019, November 2018, May 2018, November 2017, May 2017, and November 2016. The unweighted sample employment of 83 million across all six semiannual panels represents approximately 57 percent of total national employment. The overall national response rate for the six panels, based on the 50 states and the District of Columbia, is 71 percent based on establishments and 68 percent based on weighted sampled employment. The sample in the Winston-Salem, NC Metropolitan Statistical Area included 2,247 establishments with a response rate of 77 percent. For more information about OES concepts and methodology, go to www.bls.gov/oes/current/oes_tec.htm.

A value that is statistically different from another does not necessarily mean that the difference has economic or practical significance. Statistical significance is concerned with the ability to make confident statements about a universe based on a sample. It is entirely possible that a large difference between two values is not significantly different statistically, while a small difference is, since both the size and heterogeneity of the sample affect the relative error of the data being tested.

The May 2019 OES estimates are the first set of OES estimates to be based in part on survey data collected using the 2018 SOC. These estimates use a hybrid of the 2010 and 2018 SOC systems. More information on the hybrid classification system is available at www.bls.gov/oes/soc_2018.htm.

The May 2019 OES estimates are based on the 2017 North American Industry Classification System (NAICS). More information about the 2017 NAICS is available at www.bls.gov/bls/naics.htm.

Metropolitan area definitions

The substate area data published in this release reflect the standards and definitions established by the U.S. Office of Management and Budget.

The Winston-Salem, NC Metropolitan Statistical Area includes Davidson, Davie, Forsyth, Stokes, and Yadkin Counties.

For more information

Answers to frequently asked questions about the OES data are available at www.bls.gov/oes/oes_ques.htm. Detailed information about the OES program is available at www.bls.gov/oes/oes_doc.htm.

Information in this release will be made available to sensory impaired individuals upon request. Voice phone: (202) 691-5200; Federal Relay Service: (800) 877-8339.

Table 1. Employment and wage data for production occupations, Winston-Salem, NC Metropolitan Statistical Area, May 2019
Occupation (1)EmploymentMean wages
Level (2)Location quotient (3)HourlyAnnual (4)

Production occupations

26,5901.6$17.20$35,780

First-line supervisors of production and operating workers

1,6001.430.2262,860

Coil winders, tapers, and finishers

602.616.4534,210

Electrical, electronic, and electromechanical assemblers, except coil winders, tapers, and finishers

4000.816.6934,700

Structural metal fabricators and fitters

1200.919.0639,640

Miscellaneous assemblers and fabricators

4,8501.915.5232,290

Bakers

5001.511.8224,590

Butchers and meat cutters

1600.615.1431,490

Slaughterers and meat packers

600.413.8228,740

Food batchmakers

(5)(5)11.5624,040

Extruding and drawing machine setters, operators, and tenders, metal and plastic

2802.015.9533,190

Cutting, punching, and press machine setters, operators, and tenders, metal and plastic

4001.115.8232,910

Grinding, lapping, polishing, and buffing machine tool setters, operators, and tenders, metal and plastic

1000.719.6340,830

Lathe and turning machine tool setters, operators, and tenders, metal and plastic

1603.122.3846,540

Machinists

9801.421.5544,820

Molding, coremaking, and casting machine setters, operators, and tenders, metal and plastic

(5)(5)16.1333,550

Multiple machine tool setters, operators, and tenders, metal and plastic

5001.915.2231,660

Tool and die makers

900.721.5844,890

Welders, cutters, solderers, and brazers

1,0301.419.2340,000

Welding, soldering, and brazing machine setters, operators, and tenders

3205.023.0848,000

Plating machine setters, operators, and tenders, metal and plastic

(5)(5)14.5830,330

Prepress technicians and workers

801.420.1942,000

Printing press operators

4601.520.3542,320

Print binding and finishing workers

(5)(5)16.5334,380

Laundry and dry-cleaning workers

1900.510.6822,220

Pressers, textile, garment, and related materials

(5)(5)11.9724,890

Sewing machine operators

7503.111.5924,110

Tailors, dressmakers, and custom sewers

(5)(5)13.0727,180

Textile bleaching and dyeing machine operators and tenders

503.015.2031,610

Textile cutting machine setters, operators, and tenders

1606.613.5028,080

Textile knitting and weaving machine setters, operators, and tenders

3809.713.3127,680

Textile winding, twisting, and drawing out machine setters, operators, and tenders

5609.8(5)(5)

Extruding and forming machine setters, operators, and tenders, synthetic and glass fibers

1705.222.6447,080

Upholsterers

(5)(5)18.9539,410

Textile, apparel, and furnishings workers, all other

401.113.3627,790

Cabinetmakers and bench carpenters

2501.414.3329,800

Furniture finishers

301.013.5428,170

Sawing machine setters, operators, and tenders, wood

1701.815.5532,330

Woodworking machine setters, operators, and tenders, except sawing

1,1207.713.2727,600

Water and wastewater treatment plant and system operators

800.420.1541,920

Separating, filtering, clarifying, precipitating, and still machine setters, operators, and tenders

3203.426.4154,940

Mixing and blending machine setters, operators, and tenders

3901.718.5638,600

Cutting and slicing machine setters, operators, and tenders

2602.516.2433,770

Extruding, forming, pressing, and compacting machine setters, operators, and tenders

1100.915.3531,920

Inspectors, testers, sorters, samplers, and weighers

1,6601.617.2835,950

Jewelers and precious stone and metal workers

(5)(5)23.5348,940

Dental laboratory technicians

701.120.1341,870

Medical appliance technicians

401.620.7943,250

Packaging and filling machine operators and tenders

(5)(5)15.2231,660

Painting, coating, and decorating workers

301.519.9441,480

Coating, painting, and spraying machine setters, operators, and tenders

5802.219.1039,740

Computer numerically controlled tool operators

800.322.4046,600

Computer numerically controlled tool programmers

(5)(5)20.8243,310

Adhesive bonding machine operators and tenders

903.615.9233,120

Paper goods machine setters, operators, and tenders

2401.318.0337,500

Tire builders

902.314.6930,550

Helpers--production workers

1,0401.913.0427,130

Production workers, all other

2700.716.1733,630

Footnotes:
(1) For a complete listing of all detailed occupations in the Winston-Salem, NC Metropolitan Statistical Area, see www.bls.gov/oes/current/oes_49180.htm.
(2) Estimates for detailed occupations may not sum to the totals due to rounding, and because the totals may include occupations that are not shown separately. Estimates do not include self-employed workers.
(3) The location quotient is the ratio of the area concentration of occupational employment to the national average concentration. A location quotient greater than one indicates the occupation has a higher share of employment than average, and a location quotient less than one indicates the occupation is less prevalent in the area than average.
(4) Annual wages have been calculated by multiplying the hourly mean wage by a "year-round, full-time" hours figure of 2,080 hours; for those occupations where there is not an hourly mean wage published, the annual wage has been directly calculated from the reported survey data.
(5) Estimate not released.

 

Last Modified Date: Friday, May 08, 2020