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News Release Information

23-1830-DAL
Tuesday, August 15, 2023

Contacts Technical information: Media contact:
  • (972) 850-4800

Business Employment Dynamics in Oklahoma – Fourth Quarter 2022

From September 2022 to December 2022, gross job gains from opening and expanding private-sector establishments in Oklahoma were 87,704, while gross job losses from closing and contracting private-sector establishments were 79,138, the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics reported today. Assistant Commissioner for Regional Operations Michael Hirniak noted that the difference between the number of gross job gains and the number of gross job losses yielded a net employment gain of 8,566 jobs in the private sector during the fourth quarter of 2022. During the previous quarter, gross job gains exceeded gross job losses by 22,080. (See chart 1.)


The change in the number of jobs over time is the net result of increases and decreases in employment that occur at all private businesses in the economy. Business Employment Dynamics (BED) statistics track these changes in employment at private-sector establishments from the third month of one quarter to the third month of the next. The difference between the number of gross job gains and the number of gross job losses is the net change in employment. (See Technical Note.)

Gross job gains

In the fourth quarter of 2022, gross job gains represented 6.6 percent of private-sector employment in Oklahoma; nationally, gross job gains accounted for 6.2 percent of private-sector employment. (See chart 2.) Gross job gains are the sum of increases in employment due to expansions at existing establishments and the addition of new jobs at opening establishments. In Oklahoma, gross job gains at expanding establishments totaled 67,807 in the fourth quarter of 2022, a decrease of 10,905 jobs compared to the previous quarter. (See table 1.) Opening establishments accounted for 19,897 jobs gained in the fourth quarter of 2022, an increase of 5,014 jobs from the previous quarter.


Gross job losses

In the fourth quarter of 2022, gross job losses represented 6.0 percent of private-sector employment in Oklahoma; nationally, gross job losses accounted for 5.9 percent of private-sector employment. (See chart 3.) Gross job losses are the result of contractions in employment at existing establishments and the loss of jobs at closing establishments. In Oklahoma, contracting establishments lost 61,883 jobs in the fourth quarter of 2022, an increase of 3,754 jobs from the prior quarter. Closing establishments lost 17,255 jobs, an increase of 3,869 jobs from the previous quarter.


Industries

Gross job gains exceeded gross job losses in 9 of the 11 industry sectors in Oklahoma in the fourth quarter of 2022. Education and health services had the largest over-the-quarter net job increase, with a gain of 3,090 jobs. This was the result of 13,001 gross job gains and 9,911 gross job losses. Leisure and hospitality had the second largest net gain of 2,059 jobs. Retail trade showed a net loss of 1,899 jobs, the largest loss of any sector in the state.

For more information

The BED data series include gross job gains and gross job losses by industry subsector, for the 50 states, the District of Columbia, Puerto Rico, and the Virgin Islands, as well as gross job gains and gross job losses at the firm level by employer size class. BED data for the states have been included in table 2 of this release. Additional information is available online at www.bls.gov/bdm/.

The Business Employment Dynamics for First Quarter 2023 are scheduled to be released on Wednesday, October 25, 2023.

Revisions to Business Employment Dynamics (BED) Data

The release of First Quarter 2023 Business Employment Dynamics data, scheduled for October 25, 2023, will incorporate annual revisions in accordance with standard procedures. The revisions will include the previous four quarters of not seasonally adjusted data and five years of seasonally adjusted data.


Technical Note

The Business Employment Dynamics (BED) data are a product of a federal-state cooperative program known as Quarterly Census of Employment and Wages (QCEW). The BED data are compiled by the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics (BLS) from existing QCEW records. Most employers in the U.S. are required to file quarterly reports on the employment and wages of workers covered by unemployment insurance (UI) laws, and to pay quarterly UI taxes. The QCEW is based largely on quarterly UI reports which are sent by businesses to the State Workforce Agencies (SWAs). These UI reports are supplemented by two additional BLS data collections to render administrative data into economic statistics. Together these data comprise the QCEW and form the basis of the Bureau’s establishment universe sampling frame.

In the BED program, the QCEW records are linked across quarters to provide a longitudinal history for each establishment. The linkage process allows the tracking of net employment changes at the establishment level, which in turn allows the estimation of jobs gained at opening and expanding units and jobs lost at closing and contracting units.

The change in the number of jobs over time is the net result of increases and decreases in employment that occur at all businesses in the economy. BED statistics track these changes in employment at private business establishments from the third month of one quarter to the third month of the next. Gross job gains are the sum of increases in employment from expansions at existing establishments and the addition of new jobs at opening establishments. Gross job losses are the result of contractions in employment at existing establishments and the loss of jobs at closing establishments. The difference between the number of gross jobs gained and the number of gross jobs lost is the net change in employment.

Gross job gains and gross job losses are expressed as rates by dividing their levels by the average of employment in the current and previous quarters. The rates are calculated for the components of gross job gains and gross job losses and then summed to form their respective totals. These rates can be added and subtracted just as their levels can. For instance, the difference between the gross job gains rate and the gross job losses rate is the net growth rate.

The formal definitions of employment changes are as follows:

Openings. These are either units with positive third month employment for the first time in the current quarter, with no links to the prior quarter, or with positive third month employment in the current quarter following zero employment in the previous quarter.

Expansions. These are units with positive employment in the third month in both the previous and current quarters, with a net increase in employment over this period.

Closings. These are units with positive third month employment in the previous quarter and either not reported, or reported with zero employment, in the current quarter.

Contractions. These are units with positive employment in the third month in both the previous and current quarters, with a net decrease in employment over this period.

The full Technical Note for the Business Employment Dynamics program, which includes information on coverage, concepts, and methodology, can be found in the current quarterly news release online at www.bls.gov/news.release/cewbd.htm.

Information in this release will be made available to individuals with sensory impairments upon request. Voice phone: (202) 691-5200; Telecommunications Relay Service: 7-1-1.

Table 1. Private sector gross job gains and losses by industry, Oklahoma, seasonally adjusted
Category Gross job gains and losses
(3 months ended)
Gross job gains and losses
as a percent of employment
(3 months ended)
Dec.
2021
Mar.
2022
June
2022
Sept.
2022
Dec.
2022
Dec.
2021
Mar.
2022
June
2022
Sept.
2022
Dec.
2022

Total private (1)

Gross job gains

96,147 80,662 83,248 93,595 87,704 7.6 6.3 6.4 7.1 6.6

At expanding establishments

75,018 62,879 63,349 78,712 67,807 5.9 4.9 4.9 6.0 5.1

At opening establishments

21,129 17,783 19,899 14,883 19,897 1.7 1.4 1.5 1.1 1.5

Gross job losses

74,418 73,118 79,286 71,515 79,138 5.9 5.7 6.2 5.5 6.0

At contracting establishments

56,534 60,167 64,005 58,129 61,883 4.5 4.7 5.0 4.5 4.7

At closing establishments

17,884 12,951 15,281 13,386 17,255 1.4 1.0 1.2 1.0 1.3

Net employment change (2)

21,729 7,544 3,962 22,080 8,566 1.7 0.6 0.2 1.6 0.6

Construction

Gross job gains

7,767 7,280 6,452 6,343 6,658 9.9 9.1 8.1 8.0 8.3

At expanding establishments

5,709 5,684 4,856 5,392 5,025 7.3 7.1 6.1 6.8 6.3

At opening establishments

2,058 1,596 1,596 951 1,633 2.6 2.0 2.0 1.2 2.0

Gross job losses

6,529 6,377 7,281 6,212 6,513 8.3 7.9 9.1 7.9 8.2

At contracting establishments

4,943 5,011 5,987 5,037 4,931 6.3 6.2 7.5 6.4 6.2

At closing establishments

1,586 1,366 1,294 1,175 1,582 2.0 1.7 1.6 1.5 2.0

Net employment change (2)

1,238 903 -829 131 145 1.6 1.2 -1.0 0.1 0.1

Manufacturing

Gross job gains

6,968 4,674 5,092 5,465 5,762 5.4 3.6 3.9 4.1 4.3

At expanding establishments

5,268 4,061 4,348 4,774 5,127 4.1 3.1 3.3 3.6 3.8

At opening establishments

1,700 613 744 691 635 1.3 0.5 0.6 0.5 0.5

Gross job losses

4,437 3,659 3,919 3,919 4,451 3.4 2.8 2.9 2.9 3.3

At contracting establishments

3,595 3,043 3,209 3,479 3,528 2.8 2.3 2.4 2.6 2.6

At closing establishments

842 616 710 440 923 0.6 0.5 0.5 0.3 0.7

Net employment change (2)

2,531 1,015 1,173 1,546 1,311 2.0 0.8 1.0 1.2 1.0

Wholesale trade

Gross job gains

3,543 3,083 3,199 3,370 3,472 6.5 5.5 5.6 5.9 5.9

At expanding establishments

2,682 2,541 2,556 2,990 2,520 4.9 4.5 4.5 5.2 4.3

At opening establishments

861 542 643 380 952 1.6 1.0 1.1 0.7 1.6

Gross job losses

2,758 2,359 2,694 2,560 2,799 5.0 4.2 4.8 4.5 4.8

At contracting establishments

1,982 1,848 1,949 2,061 1,947 3.6 3.3 3.5 3.6 3.3

At closing establishments

776 511 745 499 852 1.4 0.9 1.3 0.9 1.5

Net employment change (2)

785 724 505 810 673 1.5 1.3 0.8 1.4 1.1

Retail trade

Gross job gains

11,625 11,089 10,023 11,651 10,262 6.3 6.1 5.4 6.3 5.5

At expanding establishments

9,620 9,325 7,656 10,131 8,345 5.2 5.1 4.1 5.5 4.5

At opening establishments

2,005 1,764 2,367 1,520 1,917 1.1 1.0 1.3 0.8 1.0

Gross job losses

10,897 9,557 11,868 10,271 12,161 6.0 5.2 6.5 5.6 6.6

At contracting establishments

9,485 8,217 10,477 8,998 10,195 5.2 4.5 5.7 4.9 5.5

At closing establishments

1,412 1,340 1,391 1,273 1,966 0.8 0.7 0.8 0.7 1.1

Net employment change (2)

728 1,532 -1,845 1,380 -1,899 0.3 0.9 -1.1 0.7 -1.1

Transportation and warehousing

Gross job gains

7,332 3,019 2,606 6,991 4,824 10.8 4.3 3.9 10.3 6.9

At expanding establishments

6,289 2,511 1,971 6,494 4,272 9.3 3.6 2.9 9.6 6.1

At opening establishments

1,043 508 635 497 552 1.5 0.7 1.0 0.7 0.8

Gross job losses

2,790 4,955 5,771 3,101 3,424 4.1 7.1 8.6 4.6 4.8

At contracting establishments

1,980 4,525 5,276 2,716 2,833 2.9 6.5 7.9 4.0 4.0

At closing establishments

810 430 495 385 591 1.2 0.6 0.7 0.6 0.8

Net employment change (2)

4,542 -1,936 -3,165 3,890 1,400 6.7 -2.8 -4.7 5.7 2.1

Information

Gross job gains

1,049 1,309 1,140 1,141 940 5.9 7.5 6.5 6.4 5.3

At expanding establishments

771 938 901 995 554 4.3 5.4 5.1 5.6 3.1

At opening establishments

278 371 239 146 386 1.6 2.1 1.4 0.8 2.2

Gross job losses

1,244 908 814 1,050 1,082 7.0 5.3 4.6 5.9 6.2

At contracting establishments

1,013 722 624 852 874 5.7 4.2 3.5 4.8 5.0

At closing establishments

231 186 190 198 208 1.3 1.1 1.1 1.1 1.2

Net employment change (2)

-195 401 326 91 -142 -1.1 2.2 1.9 0.5 -0.9

Financial activities

Gross job gains

4,800 4,193 4,467 4,505 4,328 6.3 5.4 5.7 5.8 5.5

At expanding establishments

3,443 3,084 3,277 3,657 3,082 4.5 4.0 4.2 4.7 3.9

At opening establishments

1,357 1,109 1,190 848 1,246 1.8 1.4 1.5 1.1 1.6

Gross job losses

3,997 3,866 4,118 3,810 4,009 5.2 5.0 5.3 4.9 5.0

At contracting establishments

2,772 2,955 2,906 2,950 2,871 3.6 3.8 3.7 3.8 3.6

At closing establishments

1,225 911 1,212 860 1,138 1.6 1.2 1.6 1.1 1.4

Net employment change (2)

803 327 349 695 319 1.1 0.4 0.4 0.9 0.5

Professional and business services

Gross job gains

19,011 17,204 15,868 18,308 16,479 9.7 8.6 7.9 8.9 7.9

At expanding establishments

14,505 12,157 11,676 15,812 11,653 7.4 6.1 5.8 7.7 5.6

At opening establishments

4,506 5,047 4,192 2,496 4,826 2.3 2.5 2.1 1.2 2.3

Gross job losses

13,227 13,803 15,449 13,724 15,642 6.8 6.9 7.7 6.7 7.5

At contracting establishments

9,508 10,572 12,414 10,638 12,220 4.9 5.3 6.2 5.2 5.9

At closing establishments

3,719 3,231 3,035 3,086 3,422 1.9 1.6 1.5 1.5 1.6

Net employment change (2)

5,784 3,401 419 4,584 837 2.9 1.7 0.2 2.2 0.4

Education and health services

Gross job gains

10,962 10,212 12,831 12,309 13,001 5.1 4.8 6.0 5.6 5.8

At expanding establishments

8,136 8,343 10,140 10,417 10,731 3.8 3.9 4.7 4.7 4.8

At opening establishments

2,826 1,869 2,691 1,892 2,270 1.3 0.9 1.3 0.9 1.0

Gross job losses

10,370 9,325 8,797 8,907 9,911 4.9 4.4 4.1 4.1 4.4

At contracting establishments

7,216 7,899 6,572 6,764 7,600 3.4 3.7 3.1 3.1 3.4

At closing establishments

3,154 1,426 2,225 2,143 2,311 1.5 0.7 1.0 1.0 1.0

Net employment change (2)

592 887 4,034 3,402 3,090 0.2 0.4 1.9 1.5 1.4

Leisure and hospitality

Gross job gains

15,828 12,875 15,099 15,331 15,559 9.3 7.5 8.9 8.9 8.8

At expanding establishments

12,921 9,723 11,393 13,157 11,821 7.6 5.7 6.7 7.6 6.7

At opening establishments

2,907 3,152 3,706 2,174 3,738 1.7 1.8 2.2 1.3 2.1

Gross job losses

12,691 13,512 13,261 13,253 13,500 7.5 7.9 7.8 7.6 7.7

At contracting establishments

9,852 11,487 10,595 10,973 10,551 5.8 6.7 6.2 6.3 6.0

At closing establishments

2,839 2,025 2,666 2,280 2,949 1.7 1.2 1.6 1.3 1.7

Net employment change (2)

3,137 -637 1,838 2,078 2,059 1.8 -0.4 1.1 1.3 1.1

Other services (3)

Gross job gains

3,395 2,757 3,483 2,976 3,221 9.7 7.8 9.8 8.1 8.7

At expanding establishments

2,546 2,181 2,299 2,249 2,338 7.3 6.2 6.5 6.1 6.3

At opening establishments

849 576 1,184 727 883 2.4 1.6 3.3 2.0 2.4

Gross job losses

2,446 2,602 2,616 2,384 2,883 7.0 7.4 7.4 6.5 7.7

At contracting establishments

1,813 2,077 1,947 1,894 2,060 5.2 5.9 5.5 5.2 5.5

At closing establishments

633 525 669 490 823 1.8 1.5 1.9 1.3 2.2

Net employment change (2)

949 155 867 592 338 2.7 0.4 2.4 1.6 1.0

(1) Includes unclassified sector not shown separately.
(2) The net employment change is the difference between total gross job gains and total gross job losses. See the Technical Note for further information.
(3) Except public administration.

Table 2. Private-sector gross job gains and losses as a percent of total employment by state, seasonally adjusted
Category Gross job gains as a percent of employment
(3 months ended)
Gross job losses as a percent of employment
(3 months ended)
Dec.
2021
Mar.
2022
June
2022
Sept.
2022
Dec.
2022
Dec.
2021
Mar.
2022
June
2022
Sept.
2022
Dec.
2022

United States(1)

7.7 6.6 6.4 6.8 6.2 5.4 5.4 6.7 5.8 5.9

Alabama

7.6 6.2 6.6 7.1 6.5 5.2 6.0 7.0 6.2 6.0

Alaska

11.8 10.1 10.1 8.6 10.9 8.7 9.3 9.6 10.3 9.3

Arizona

6.8 6.8 6.7 7.9 6.7 5.0 5.7 7.3 5.5 6.1

Arkansas

7.8 5.9 5.6 6.4 6.1 4.8 5.4 6.0 5.5 5.3

California

8.5 7.4 6.6 6.7 6.5 5.5 5.6 7.2 6.1 6.6

Colorado

7.6 7.5 7.3 5.0 7.6 6.1 6.3 6.7 5.8 6.9

Connecticut

6.9 6.3 6.3 6.3 5.9 5.3 5.3 6.5 6.2 6.0

Delaware

8.2 7.3 6.5 8.6 6.7 6.0 5.6 8.2 6.1 7.6

District of Columbia

7.3 6.0 6.0 7.2 5.6 4.9 4.9 6.8 4.8 5.6

Florida

7.7 6.5 7.5 7.8 6.2 6.0 5.7 6.9 5.5 6.1

Georgia

7.9 6.8 6.6 7.0 6.5 5.5 5.7 6.7 6.0 5.9

Hawaii

7.1 6.1 5.9 6.2 6.0 5.1 5.1 5.9 4.8 4.8

Idaho

8.5 8.5 7.1 8.5 8.4 6.3 6.2 9.1 7.5 6.9

Illinois

7.5 6.2 5.9 6.0 5.4 4.9 5.0 5.9 5.3 5.2

Indiana

7.3 6.0 5.6 6.4 5.7 4.7 4.8 6.8 5.5 5.2

Iowa

6.6 6.5 5.8 5.8 6.4 5.4 5.3 6.7 6.0 6.3

Kansas

7.6 6.2 6.5 7.6 6.3 5.3 5.4 7.5 5.6 5.6

Kentucky

7.4 6.6 6.3 6.7 5.9 4.9 5.0 8.7 5.4 5.3

Louisiana

9.6 6.5 6.6 7.3 6.0 5.8 7.1 7.3 5.7 6.5

Maine

8.2 8.0 17.7 7.4 7.3 6.9 6.1 8.1 7.4 6.9

Maryland

7.3 6.6 6.7 7.5 6.4 5.3 5.9 8.1 6.0 6.7

Massachusetts

7.0 6.6 6.1 6.2 5.5 5.7 5.1 5.4 6.1 5.8

Michigan

7.5 6.3 6.0 5.7 5.9 5.2 5.1 6.5 5.9 5.2

Minnesota

7.3 6.0 6.6 6.8 6.2 5.2 5.4 7.1 6.0 6.0

Mississippi

7.9 6.1 6.5 7.2 6.8 5.7 6.0 7.0 6.3 6.2

Missouri

7.4 6.5 6.3 6.8 6.0 5.5 5.4 5.9 6.3 5.8

Montana

9.9 9.3 8.2 8.5 9.2 7.2 8.5 9.4 7.7 7.8

Nebraska

7.0 6.8 6.0 6.9 5.9 5.8 5.9 6.6 6.2 5.7

Nevada

8.3 6.8 6.9 7.6 6.4 4.8 5.2 6.7 5.7 6.2

New Hampshire

7.6 7.7 6.6 6.9 6.7 6.4 5.4 7.9 6.7 6.0

New Jersey

8.7 7.1 6.5 6.8 6.8 5.4 5.5 6.3 6.3 5.9

New Mexico

8.2 7.4 6.5 7.7 6.5 6.3 6.2 7.1 5.9 6.2

New York

7.7 6.7 7.1 6.7 6.0 5.4 5.2 6.6 6.0 6.2

North Carolina

8.1 6.5 6.3 6.6 5.9 5.0 5.3 6.2 5.9 5.4

North Dakota

7.6 7.5 6.8 7.6 6.4 6.5 6.5 6.7 6.4 6.7

Ohio

7.0 6.1 5.7 5.8 5.9 5.2 4.8 6.3 5.6 5.8

Oklahoma

7.6 6.3 6.4 7.1 6.6 5.9 5.7 6.2 5.5 6.0

Oregon

7.8 7.5 6.1 6.7 6.5 6.1 5.7 7.1 8.6 6.4

Pennsylvania

6.8 6.3 5.5 6.1 5.5 4.8 4.9 5.6 5.2 5.1

Rhode Island

8.5 7.9 7.0 6.7 6.9 6.6 5.7 7.3 7.4 6.5

South Carolina

7.9 6.9 6.4 7.3 7.0 5.3 6.2 6.9 5.6 6.2

South Dakota

7.2 7.7 6.6 7.3 6.5 5.9 6.1 6.8 6.4 6.4

Tennessee

7.3 6.6 6.3 7.0 5.8 5.6 4.7 6.4 5.4 5.7

Texas

7.7 6.3 6.5 7.4 6.2 4.8 5.4 6.1 5.2 5.3

Utah

7.5 7.8 7.0 7.9 6.8 6.0 5.9 6.8 6.7 6.6

Vermont

8.1 8.0 7.3 7.2 7.8 6.9 6.3 8.4 8.0 7.1

Virginia

7.2 6.4 6.5 7.5 6.2 5.3 5.8 7.0 6.1 5.8

Washington

7.8 7.3 7.0 7.1 5.9 5.3 5.0 7.1 6.1 5.3

West Virginia

7.9 7.3 6.3 6.8 6.7 6.0 5.9 7.9 6.5 6.6

Wisconsin

6.6 6.5 5.9 6.1 6.1 5.2 4.8 6.8 5.9 5.6

Wyoming

10.1 8.9 8.4 9.2 9.2 7.8 8.3 9.1 8.5 8.0

Puerto Rico

6.4 7.0 6.5 6.2 6.7 5.5 4.9 6.1 5.2 6.1

Virgin Islands

8.0 6.9 8.8 7.9 6.0 9.5 10.3 12.6 4.9 4.3

(1) Totals for the United States do not include data for Puerto Rico or the Virgin Islands.

 

Last Modified Date: Tuesday, August 15, 2023