A-17. Employment status of the civilian noninstitutional population 25 years and over by educational attainment, sex, race, and Hispanic or Latino ethnicity

HOUSEHOLD DATA
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
A-17. Employment status of the civilian noninstitutional population 25 years and over by educational attainment, sex, race, and Hispanic or Latino ethnicity [Numbers in thousands]
Sex, race, and Hispanic or Latino ethnicity	Less than a high school diploma		High school graduates, no college(1)		Some college or associate degree						Bachelor's degree and higher(2)
	May 2024	May 2025	May 2024	May 2025	Total		Some college, no degree		Associate degree		May 2024	May 2025
	May 2024	May 2025	May 2024	May 2025	May 2024	May 2025	May 2024	May 2025	May 2024	May 2025	May 2024	May 2025
TOTAL
Civilian labor force	9,285	9,310	36,391	36,522	35,360	35,869	19,118	19,310	16,242	16,559	64,934	66,678
Participation rate	47.2	47.9	56.9	56.7	62.6	62.4	60.5	60.4	65.4	64.9	72.8	72.2
Employed	8,801	8,860	34,934	34,997	34,328	34,766	18,464	18,666	15,864	16,100	63,667	65,066
Employment-population ratio	44.8	45.6	54.6	54.4	60.8	60.5	58.4	58.3	63.9	63.1	71.3	70.5
Unemployed	484	450	1,456	1,526	1,032	1,103	655	644	377	459	1,267	1,612
Unemployment rate	5.2	4.8	4.0	4.2	2.9	3.1	3.4	3.3	2.3	2.8	2.0	2.4

Men
Civilian labor force	5,910	5,967	21,712	22,026	17,981	18,374	10,206	10,204	7,774	8,171	31,938	32,652
Participation rate	59.5	59.8	65.8	65.8	68.2	68.5	66.4	66.9	70.7	70.7	76.3	75.9
Employed	5,588	5,733	20,847	21,188	17,447	17,849	9,865	9,919	7,582	7,930	31,255	31,761
Employment-population ratio	56.3	57.5	63.2	63.3	66.2	66.6	64.2	65.0	69.0	68.6	74.6	73.9
Unemployed	321	234	866	838	534	525	342	285	192	241	683	891
Unemployment rate	5.4	3.9	4.0	3.8	3.0	2.9	3.3	2.8	2.5	2.9	2.1	2.7

Women
Civilian labor force	3,376	3,343	14,678	14,496	17,379	17,495	8,912	9,107	8,467	8,388	32,996	34,026
Participation rate	34.7	35.3	47.4	46.9	57.7	57.0	54.9	54.4	61.1	60.1	69.6	69.0
Employed	3,212	3,127	14,088	13,809	16,881	16,917	8,599	8,747	8,282	8,170	32,412	33,305
Employment-population ratio	33.0	33.0	45.5	44.7	56.1	55.1	52.9	52.3	59.8	58.6	68.4	67.6
Unemployed	163	216	591	688	498	578	313	360	186	218	584	721
Unemployment rate	4.8	6.4	4.0	4.7	2.9	3.3	3.5	3.9	2.2	2.6	1.8	2.1

White
Civilian labor force	7,203	7,240	27,521	27,741	26,867	26,981	14,401	14,199	12,466	12,782	49,296	49,862
Participation rate	48.9	50.0	56.3	56.0	61.0	60.6	58.8	58.3	63.8	63.4	71.4	71.0
Employed	6,855	6,949	26,565	26,726	26,188	26,276	13,995	13,810	12,192	12,465	48,382	48,739
Employment-population ratio	46.6	48.0	54.4	53.9	59.5	59.0	57.2	56.7	62.4	61.8	70.1	69.4
Unemployed	347	291	956	1,015	679	705	406	389	273	316	913	1,122
Unemployment rate	4.8	4.0	3.5	3.7	2.5	2.6	2.8	2.7	2.2	2.5	1.9	2.3

Black or African American
Civilian labor force	1,150	1,096	5,641	5,706	5,595	5,835	3,206	3,429	2,389	2,406	6,746	6,767
Participation rate	39.9	38.8	58.4	58.8	69.0	68.7	67.5	67.3	71.0	70.8	78.5	75.9
Employed	1,056	1,007	5,277	5,341	5,345	5,557	3,022	3,262	2,323	2,295	6,575	6,508
Employment-population ratio	36.6	35.6	54.7	55.1	65.9	65.4	63.6	64.0	69.0	67.6	76.5	73.0
Unemployed	94	89	364	364	250	277	184	166	66	111	171	259
Unemployment rate	8.2	8.1	6.4	6.4	4.5	4.8	5.8	4.9	2.8	4.6	2.5	3.8

Asian
Civilian labor force	496	449	1,688	1,568	1,405	1,460	624	713	781	747	7,077	8,059
Participation rate	43.2	39.6	55.1	59.4	66.9	64.9	60.6	63.5	72.9	66.4	76.2	75.3
Employed	483	430	1,639	1,540	1,360	1,418	599	686	761	732	6,935	7,867
Employment-population ratio	42.2	37.9	53.5	58.3	64.7	63.1	58.2	61.1	71.0	65.0	74.7	73.5
Unemployed	12	19	49	28	45	42	25	27	20	15	142	192
Unemployment rate	2.5	4.3	2.9	1.8	3.2	2.9	4.0	3.7	2.5	2.1	2.0	2.4

Hispanic or Latino ethnicity
Civilian labor force	5,459	5,489	8,679	9,348	5,985	6,311	3,591	3,477	2,394	2,833	7,337	7,723
Participation rate	57.7	59.4	69.5	69.3	75.1	73.7	75.0	73.3	75.2	74.3	81.3	79.8
Employed	5,196	5,238	8,400	8,886	5,770	6,111	3,462	3,365	2,308	2,745	7,144	7,530
Employment-population ratio	54.9	56.7	67.2	65.9	72.4	71.4	72.3	70.9	72.5	72.0	79.2	77.8
Unemployed	263	251	279	462	215	200	129	112	86	88	193	194
Unemployment rate	4.8	4.6	3.2	4.9	3.6	3.2	3.6	3.2	3.6	3.1	2.6	2.5
Footnotes (1) Includes people with a high school diploma or equivalent. (2) Includes people with bachelor`s, master`s, professional, and doctoral degrees.
NOTE: Estimates for the above race groups (White, Black or African American, and Asian) do not sum to totals because data are not presented for all races. People whose ethnicity is identified as Hispanic or Latino may be of any race. Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.

Last Modified Date: June 06, 2025