A-17. Employment status of the civilian noninstitutional population 25 years and over by educational attainment, sex, race, and Hispanic or Latino ethnicity

HOUSEHOLD DATA
NOT SEASONALLY ADJUSTED
A-17. Employment status of the civilian noninstitutional population 25 years and over by educational attainment, sex, race, and Hispanic or Latino ethnicity [Numbers in thousands]
Sex, race, and Hispanic or Latino ethnicity	Less than a high school diploma		High school graduates, no college(1)		Some college or associate degree						Bachelor's degree and higher(2)
	Sept. 2024	Sept. 2025	Sept. 2024	Sept. 2025	Total		Some college, no degree		Associate degree		Sept. 2024	Sept. 2025
	Sept. 2024	Sept. 2025	Sept. 2024	Sept. 2025	Sept. 2024	Sept. 2025	Sept. 2024	Sept. 2025	Sept. 2024	Sept. 2025	Sept. 2024	Sept. 2025
TOTAL
Civilian labor force	9,355	8,968	36,408	36,326	35,990	36,711	19,929	20,235	16,061	16,477	65,527	67,553
Participation rate	48.1	48.1	57.0	56.8	63.3	63.1	61.3	61.3	65.9	65.4	72.9	72.1
Employed	8,802	8,435	35,031	34,883	34,808	35,493	19,189	19,464	15,619	16,028	64,073	65,675
Employment-population ratio	45.3	45.2	54.8	54.6	61.2	61.0	59.0	59.0	64.1	63.7	71.3	70.1
Unemployed	553	533	1,377	1,443	1,182	1,219	740	771	442	448	1,454	1,878
Unemployment rate	5.9	5.9	3.8	4.0	3.3	3.3	3.7	3.8	2.8	2.7	2.2	2.8

Men
Civilian labor force	6,149	5,884	21,632	21,547	18,640	19,203	10,702	11,124	7,938	8,079	31,886	32,920
Participation rate	60.7	59.3	66.1	66.0	69.9	69.7	68.3	68.4	72.1	71.6	76.0	75.6
Employed	5,862	5,586	20,820	20,734	18,053	18,656	10,327	10,772	7,725	7,883	31,192	32,024
Employment-population ratio	57.9	56.3	63.6	63.5	67.7	67.7	65.9	66.3	70.2	69.8	74.3	73.5
Unemployed	287	298	812	813	587	547	375	352	212	195	694	895
Unemployment rate	4.7	5.1	3.8	3.8	3.1	2.8	3.5	3.2	2.7	2.4	2.2	2.7

Women
Civilian labor force	3,206	3,084	14,776	14,779	17,350	17,509	9,227	9,111	8,123	8,398	33,641	34,634
Participation rate	34.4	35.3	47.4	47.2	57.4	57.1	54.8	54.4	60.7	60.4	70.3	69.1
Employed	2,939	2,849	14,211	14,149	16,755	16,837	8,861	8,692	7,894	8,145	32,881	33,651
Employment-population ratio	31.6	32.6	45.6	45.2	55.5	55.0	52.6	51.9	59.0	58.6	68.7	67.1
Unemployed	266	235	566	630	595	672	366	419	229	253	760	983
Unemployment rate	8.3	7.6	3.8	4.3	3.4	3.8	4.0	4.6	2.8	3.0	2.3	2.8

White
Civilian labor force	7,415	6,926	27,782	27,376	27,251	27,830	14,995	15,123	12,255	12,707	49,276	50,347
Participation rate	49.7	50.1	56.4	56.0	61.8	61.5	60.0	59.9	64.2	63.5	71.7	70.6
Employed	7,020	6,578	26,843	26,491	26,438	27,048	14,503	14,626	11,935	12,422	48,258	49,189
Employment-population ratio	47.0	47.6	54.5	54.2	59.9	59.8	58.0	58.0	62.5	62.1	70.2	69.0
Unemployed	395	348	939	885	813	782	493	497	320	285	1,018	1,158
Unemployment rate	5.3	5.0	3.4	3.2	3.0	2.8	3.3	3.3	2.6	2.2	2.1	2.3

Black or African American
Civilian labor force	1,063	1,199	5,503	5,757	5,961	5,795	3,521	3,415	2,441	2,379	6,912	6,863
Participation rate	43.2	42.9	58.0	57.8	70.5	68.0	68.4	65.2	73.8	72.4	77.1	78.0
Employed	950	1,065	5,195	5,350	5,698	5,470	3,341	3,218	2,356	2,252	6,738	6,530
Employment-population ratio	38.6	38.1	54.7	53.8	67.4	64.2	64.9	61.4	71.3	68.5	75.2	74.2
Unemployed	113	134	309	406	264	325	179	197	84	127	174	333
Unemployment rate	10.7	11.2	5.6	7.1	4.4	5.6	5.1	5.8	3.4	5.3	2.5	4.9

Asian
Civilian labor force	420	339	1,576	1,607	1,217	1,357	606	740	611	617	7,423	8,304
Participation rate	37.2	32.1	58.7	59.2	60.7	66.0	55.1	64.9	67.5	67.5	76.6	75.3
Employed	403	331	1,524	1,545	1,151	1,314	566	717	585	597	7,216	7,977
Employment-population ratio	35.7	31.4	56.7	56.9	57.4	64.0	51.4	62.9	64.6	65.4	74.4	72.3
Unemployed	18	7	52	62	67	42	40	23	26	20	208	326
Unemployment rate	4.2	2.1	3.3	3.9	5.5	3.1	6.7	3.1	4.3	3.2	2.8	3.9

Hispanic or Latino ethnicity
Civilian labor force	5,672	5,300	8,958	9,114	6,078	6,731	3,483	3,963	2,594	2,768	7,023	8,061
Participation rate	59.7	58.2	69.6	68.0	74.0	75.0	72.7	74.2	75.8	76.2	80.7	81.5
Employed	5,398	5,004	8,633	8,809	5,845	6,446	3,337	3,769	2,508	2,677	6,806	7,783
Employment-population ratio	56.8	55.0	67.1	65.8	71.1	71.8	69.6	70.5	73.3	73.7	78.2	78.7
Unemployed	274	296	325	305	232	285	146	194	86	91	217	278
Unemployment rate	4.8	5.6	3.6	3.3	3.8	4.2	4.2	4.9	3.3	3.3	3.1	3.4
Footnotes (1) Includes people with a high school diploma or equivalent. (2) Includes people with bachelor`s, master`s, professional, and doctoral degrees.
NOTE: Estimates for the above race groups (White, Black or African American, and Asian) do not sum to totals because data are not presented for all races. People whose ethnicity is identified as Hispanic or Latino may be of any race. Updated population controls are introduced annually with the release of January data.

Last Modified Date: November 20, 2025