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Consumer Price Index

2027 CPI Weight Information

As a result of a lapse in appropriations in 2025, the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics (BLS) was unable to collect data for the Consumer Expenditure Surveys (CE) in October and November 2025. In addition to publishing estimates of consumer spending, the BLS uses data from the CE to update the spending weights of the Consumer Price Index (CPI).

BLS considered three approaches to mitigate the impact of this missing data on the quality of CE and CPI estimates:

  • Survey weight adjustments which adjust collected months to approximate full reference‑month data.
  • Unit level modeling which uses patterns in the data to fill in what was missing for every consumer unit.
  • Domain level modeling uses patterns over time to account for the missing data in estimates. It includes methods such as linear interpolation, ARIMA, and ESN.

BLS engaged the National Association for Business Economics (NABE) and the Committee on National Statistics (CNSTAT) to conduct expert panels to provide feedback about the approaches. Additional information about these expert panels is available on the 2025 impact on the Consumer Expenditures Surveys (CE) and Consumer Price Index (CPI) page.

Based on BLS analysis and input from the expert panels, BLS plans to implement an adjustment to the survey weights to address the missing data from October and November 2025 for the weight update for the CPI-U and CPI-W. For data collected in the Interview Survey, BLS will adjust the 1/3 fewer expenditures in July and October 2025 by 3 and the 2/3 fewer expenditures in August and September 2025 by 3/2. Because the formula used to calculate the final C-CPI-U index requires monthly spending weights, BLS must adjust the Diary Survey data differently for the C-CPI-U than for the CE estimates. Rather than applying an adjustment to September and December weights, BLS will create October weights as a copy of September weights, and November weights as a copy of December weights.

More details are available in the Monthly Labor Review article “Addressing missing consumer expenditure data due to the 2025 lapse in appropriations”.

BLS plans to release the 2027 CPI weight update in February 2027 as scheduled.

Last modified date: July 30, 2026