Department of Labor Logo United States Department of Labor
Dot gov

The .gov means it's official.
Federal government websites often end in .gov or .mil. Before sharing sensitive information, make sure you're on a federal government site.

Https

The site is secure.
The https:// ensures that you are connecting to the official website and that any information you provide is encrypted and transmitted securely.

January 1986

Labor and management continue to combat mutual problems in 1985

George Ruben

Competition, deregulation, and changes in products and consumer tastes were among problems facing bargainers; management demanded two-tier wages, lump-sum payments, and alternatives to traditional health plans, while labor focused on preserving jobs and aiding displaced workers.

Download PDF »