Department of Labor Logo United States Department of Labor
Dot gov

The .gov means it's official.
Federal government websites often end in .gov or .mil. Before sharing sensitive information, make sure you're on a federal government site.

Https

The site is secure.
The https:// ensures that you are connecting to the official website and that any information you provide is encrypted and transmitted securely.

November 1988

Damage control: yen appreciation and the Japanese labor market

Glen Halm, Clinton R. Shiells

The strong yen induced firms to reduce labor costs and restructure some export-oriented industries, but had minimal effect on unemployment.

Download PDF »