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Nonfarm business sector labor productivity decreased at an annual rate of 2.7 percent in the first quarter of 2023, as output increased 0.2 percent and hours worked increased 3.0 percent. From the fourth quarter of 2019 to the first quarter of 2023, labor productivity rose at a 1.1-percent annual rate. This is a historically low rate of productivity growth; the only time it was lower was in the six-quarter period from the first quarter of 1980 to the third quarter of 1981 (1.0 percent).
Quarter | Labor productivity | Real hourly compensation | Unit labor costs | Output | Hourly compensation | Hours worked |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Q2 1947 |
9.4 | 3.4 | -0.1 | 9.5 | 9.4 | 0.1 |
Q3 1947 |
-11.7 | 3.1 | 27.4 | -10.8 | 12.4 | 1.1 |
Q4 1947 |
18.0 | -1.8 | -6.9 | 22.6 | 9.8 | 3.9 |
Q1 1948 |
1.8 | 0.9 | 7.8 | 4.4 | 9.7 | 2.6 |
Q2 1948 |
-1.0 | -1.0 | 6.6 | -1.2 | 5.5 | -0.2 |
Q3 1948 |
0.4 | 1.5 | 8.0 | 3.3 | 8.5 | 2.8 |
Q4 1948 |
1.7 | 7.8 | 2.2 | -2.0 | 4.0 | -3.6 |
Q1 1949 |
4.1 | 6.4 | -1.7 | -2.7 | 2.3 | -6.6 |
Q2 1949 |
4.2 | 1.2 | -3.3 | -2.5 | 0.8 | -6.4 |
Q3 1949 |
9.9 | 4.4 | -8.1 | 5.2 | 0.9 | -4.2 |
Q4 1949 |
-2.1 | -0.2 | 0.9 | -3.8 | -1.2 | -1.7 |
Q1 1950 |
14.4 | 12.1 | -3.2 | 18.0 | 10.7 | 3.2 |
Q2 1950 |
5.0 | 5.7 | 3.8 | 15.8 | 9.0 | 10.3 |
Q3 1950 |
9.0 | 0.6 | -0.7 | 23.4 | 8.2 | 13.2 |
Q4 1950 |
0.7 | 1.9 | 9.7 | 4.5 | 10.5 | 3.7 |
Q1 1951 |
0.5 | -6.2 | 9.4 | 7.4 | 9.9 | 6.9 |
Q2 1951 |
-1.2 | 5.0 | 10.5 | 2.0 | 9.2 | 3.2 |
Q3 1951 |
9.2 | 4.7 | -4.3 | 5.1 | 4.5 | -3.8 |
Q4 1951 |
1.2 | 1.7 | 6.6 | 1.4 | 7.8 | 0.2 |
Q1 1952 |
2.1 | 2.7 | 2.2 | 4.7 | 4.4 | 2.6 |
Q2 1952 |
-0.8 | 1.9 | 3.8 | -2.4 | 3.0 | -1.7 |
Q3 1952 |
-1.9 | 2.3 | 7.2 | 0.9 | 5.1 | 2.9 |
Q4 1952 |
8.7 | 10.0 | 1.6 | 20.7 | 10.4 | 11.0 |
Q1 1953 |
3.5 | 5.9 | 1.1 | 7.9 | 4.7 | 4.2 |
Q2 1953 |
0.9 | 3.2 | 3.8 | 1.7 | 4.8 | 0.7 |
Q3 1953 |
1.7 | 2.4 | 2.6 | -2.3 | 4.2 | -3.9 |
Q4 1953 |
-1.4 | 3.2 | 5.4 | -7.4 | 4.0 | -6.1 |
Q1 1954 |
0.8 | 2.4 | 2.6 | -4.5 | 3.4 | -5.3 |
Q2 1954 |
2.8 | 1.1 | -2.3 | -0.2 | 0.5 | -3.0 |
Q3 1954 |
7.4 | 4.3 | -3.9 | 5.8 | 3.2 | -1.5 |
Q4 1954 |
4.6 | 5.3 | -0.6 | 9.9 | 4.0 | 5.1 |
Q1 1955 |
8.1 | 2.2 | -4.9 | 15.2 | 2.8 | 6.6 |
Q2 1955 |
1.4 | 3.9 | 2.0 | 6.8 | 3.3 | 5.4 |
Q3 1955 |
1.5 | 7.0 | 5.7 | 5.8 | 7.4 | 4.3 |
Q4 1955 |
-1.4 | 2.4 | 5.2 | 3.4 | 3.6 | 4.9 |
Q1 1956 |
-4.7 | 6.3 | 11.6 | -2.4 | 6.4 | 2.5 |
Q2 1956 |
2.0 | 5.1 | 5.8 | 2.9 | 7.9 | 0.9 |
Q3 1956 |
-0.1 | 2.0 | 6.4 | -1.7 | 6.2 | -1.6 |
Q4 1956 |
4.3 | 3.4 | 2.5 | 6.7 | 6.9 | 2.2 |
Q1 1957 |
4.7 | 2.4 | 1.1 | 5.1 | 5.9 | 0.4 |
Q2 1957 |
-1.6 | 0.6 | 5.7 | -2.4 | 4.1 | -0.9 |
Q3 1957 |
5.8 | 1.7 | -0.3 | 3.7 | 5.4 | -1.9 |
Q4 1957 |
1.4 | 3.5 | 4.1 | -6.8 | 5.4 | -8.0 |
Q1 1958 |
-5.4 | -4.6 | 5.7 | -13.6 | 0.0 | -8.7 |
Q2 1958 |
7.9 | 0.9 | -3.9 | 1.7 | 3.7 | -5.7 |
Q3 1958 |
7.7 | 9.9 | 1.7 | 13.0 | 9.6 | 4.9 |
Q4 1958 |
7.0 | 1.2 | -5.0 | 13.5 | 1.7 | 6.1 |
Q1 1959 |
0.5 | 3.3 | 3.5 | 8.5 | 4.0 | 8.0 |
Q2 1959 |
3.9 | 2.7 | -0.5 | 12.0 | 3.5 | 7.8 |
Q3 1959 |
0.5 | 0.3 | 1.8 | -0.6 | 2.3 | -1.2 |
Q4 1959 |
-1.3 | 1.4 | 5.2 | -1.2 | 3.9 | 0.1 |
Q1 1960 |
9.7 | 8.5 | -0.7 | 12.4 | 8.9 | 2.5 |
Q2 1960 |
-6.1 | 0.2 | 9.3 | -5.4 | 2.6 | 0.7 |
Q3 1960 |
2.4 | 2.1 | 0.0 | 0.1 | 2.4 | -2.2 |
Q4 1960 |
-5.2 | -0.9 | 7.2 | -8.6 | 1.7 | -3.6 |
Q1 1961 |
5.3 | 2.8 | -1.6 | 2.9 | 3.6 | -2.3 |
Q2 1961 |
11.0 | 5.9 | -4.7 | 9.9 | 5.8 | -0.9 |
Q3 1961 |
7.0 | 1.4 | -3.7 | 9.5 | 3.0 | 2.4 |
Q4 1961 |
3.5 | 2.4 | -0.5 | 8.8 | 3.0 | 5.2 |
Q1 1962 |
6.7 | 4.9 | -0.2 | 8.3 | 6.5 | 1.5 |
Q2 1962 |
-1.6 | 1.2 | 4.4 | 3.2 | 2.7 | 4.8 |
Q3 1962 |
6.8 | 1.7 | -3.7 | 6.0 | 2.9 | -0.8 |
Q4 1962 |
3.0 | 2.7 | 0.7 | 0.5 | 3.6 | -2.4 |
Q1 1963 |
1.2 | 2.7 | 2.8 | 3.6 | 4.1 | 2.4 |
Q2 1963 |
3.1 | 1.3 | -1.0 | 5.7 | 2.0 | 2.6 |
Q3 1963 |
10.2 | 1.6 | -5.5 | 11.4 | 4.2 | 1.1 |
Q4 1963 |
-0.3 | 3.5 | 4.9 | 2.9 | 4.6 | 3.2 |
Q1 1964 |
2.5 | -2.9 | -3.7 | 11.3 | -1.3 | 8.6 |
Q2 1964 |
2.2 | 3.9 | 2.3 | 4.0 | 4.6 | 1.8 |
Q3 1964 |
4.2 | 4.4 | 1.1 | 6.9 | 5.4 | 2.6 |
Q4 1964 |
-3.8 | 1.1 | 7.0 | 0.0 | 3.0 | 4.0 |
Q1 1965 |
5.9 | 0.4 | -4.0 | 12.6 | 1.7 | 6.3 |
Q2 1965 |
1.9 | 0.1 | 0.8 | 6.0 | 2.7 | 4.0 |
Q3 1965 |
8.4 | 3.1 | -3.8 | 9.5 | 4.3 | 1.0 |
Q4 1965 |
7.1 | 3.9 | -1.0 | 11.3 | 6.1 | 3.9 |
Q1 1966 |
5.6 | 3.2 | 1.5 | 11.8 | 7.1 | 5.8 |
Q2 1966 |
-2.7 | 2.8 | 9.5 | 1.1 | 6.5 | 4.0 |
Q3 1966 |
1.3 | 2.3 | 4.5 | 3.2 | 5.9 | 1.9 |
Q4 1966 |
2.5 | 2.1 | 2.9 | 1.5 | 5.5 | -1.0 |
Q1 1967 |
3.2 | 4.4 | 2.2 | 2.7 | 5.5 | -0.4 |
Q2 1967 |
1.5 | 4.1 | 5.1 | -0.9 | 6.6 | -2.4 |
Q3 1967 |
2.1 | 1.4 | 3.4 | 3.4 | 5.5 | 1.3 |
Q4 1967 |
1.2 | 1.1 | 4.4 | 3.0 | 5.6 | 1.8 |
Q1 1968 |
9.2 | 6.9 | 1.8 | 10.0 | 11.1 | 0.7 |
Q2 1968 |
3.8 | 2.6 | 2.8 | 7.8 | 6.7 | 3.9 |
Q3 1968 |
0.2 | 1.1 | 6.5 | 3.0 | 6.7 | 2.9 |
Q4 1968 |
-1.0 | 3.0 | 9.2 | 1.5 | 8.2 | 2.5 |
Q1 1969 |
3.2 | 0.6 | 2.3 | 7.1 | 5.6 | 3.8 |
Q2 1969 |
-3.2 | 0.2 | 10.2 | 0.4 | 6.6 | 3.8 |
Q3 1969 |
0.4 | 1.6 | 6.8 | 2.4 | 7.3 | 2.0 |
Q4 1969 |
-2.0 | 1.5 | 10.1 | -3.1 | 7.9 | -1.1 |
Q1 1970 |
1.2 | 0.8 | 6.1 | -0.3 | 7.4 | -1.6 |
Q2 1970 |
6.0 | 0.7 | 0.5 | 0.6 | 6.5 | -5.1 |
Q3 1970 |
6.4 | 2.3 | 0.2 | 4.4 | 6.6 | -1.9 |
Q4 1970 |
-3.6 | -1.9 | 7.9 | -6.5 | 4.0 | -3.0 |
Q1 1971 |
12.4 | 5.0 | -3.4 | 14.5 | 8.5 | 1.9 |
Q2 1971 |
1.1 | 2.2 | 4.8 | 2.5 | 6.0 | 1.3 |
Q3 1971 |
3.9 | 1.5 | 1.7 | 3.9 | 5.6 | 0.0 |
Q4 1971 |
-3.4 | -0.2 | 6.4 | 0.8 | 2.8 | 4.3 |
Q1 1972 |
6.4 | 8.0 | 4.9 | 11.3 | 11.6 | 4.6 |
Q2 1972 |
8.1 | 2.1 | -3.1 | 11.3 | 4.8 | 2.9 |
Q3 1972 |
2.3 | 2.1 | 3.0 | 4.7 | 5.4 | 2.3 |
Q4 1972 |
3.4 | 3.4 | 4.2 | 7.9 | 7.7 | 4.3 |
Q1 1973 |
9.4 | 4.3 | 1.5 | 16.1 | 11.0 | 6.1 |
Q2 1973 |
0.2 | -2.7 | 5.5 | 4.4 | 5.7 | 4.2 |
Q3 1973 |
-3.7 | -1.0 | 11.2 | -1.1 | 7.1 | 2.7 |
Q4 1973 |
-2.5 | -2.0 | 11.1 | -0.5 | 8.3 | 2.0 |
Q1 1974 |
-1.0 | -2.7 | 10.4 | -2.6 | 9.4 | -1.6 |
Q2 1974 |
-1.2 | -0.3 | 12.2 | -0.1 | 10.8 | 1.1 |
Q3 1974 |
-4.0 | 0.6 | 17.1 | -5.3 | 12.4 | -1.3 |
Q4 1974 |
3.6 | -1.3 | 7.5 | -3.0 | 11.4 | -6.4 |
Q1 1975 |
3.0 | 3.3 | 9.2 | -9.2 | 12.5 | -11.8 |
Q2 1975 |
6.5 | 3.7 | 2.1 | 2.7 | 8.7 | -3.6 |
Q3 1975 |
5.0 | -0.9 | 2.2 | 8.9 | 7.3 | 3.7 |
Q4 1975 |
0.4 | -0.8 | 6.3 | 7.5 | 6.7 | 7.0 |
Q1 1976 |
6.1 | 3.1 | 1.8 | 13.2 | 7.9 | 6.7 |
Q2 1976 |
3.7 | 3.9 | 3.8 | 4.0 | 7.7 | 0.2 |
Q3 1976 |
1.0 | 2.0 | 7.6 | 2.6 | 8.7 | 1.6 |
Q4 1976 |
1.2 | 2.7 | 7.5 | 3.4 | 8.8 | 2.2 |
Q1 1977 |
2.6 | 0.2 | 5.1 | 7.0 | 7.8 | 4.3 |
Q2 1977 |
1.6 | 1.2 | 6.7 | 9.6 | 8.4 | 7.8 |
Q3 1977 |
4.3 | 2.2 | 3.6 | 8.8 | 8.0 | 4.4 |
Q4 1977 |
-5.0 | 1.0 | 12.8 | -1.2 | 7.1 | 4.0 |
Q1 1978 |
0.2 | 4.4 | 10.8 | 2.1 | 11.0 | 1.9 |
Q2 1978 |
8.1 | -1.8 | -1.0 | 21.3 | 7.0 | 12.2 |
Q3 1978 |
0.2 | 0.4 | 7.6 | 3.7 | 7.8 | 3.4 |
Q4 1978 |
2.6 | 2.1 | 7.5 | 7.7 | 10.3 | 4.9 |
Q1 1979 |
-3.6 | 1.1 | 14.8 | -0.8 | 10.7 | 2.9 |
Q2 1979 |
-0.7 | -1.6 | 10.3 | 0.5 | 9.5 | 1.3 |
Q3 1979 |
-0.5 | -1.7 | 9.7 | 3.2 | 9.2 | 3.7 |
Q4 1979 |
-0.5 | 0.1 | 11.0 | 0.4 | 10.5 | 0.9 |
Q1 1980 |
1.9 | -1.4 | 9.6 | 0.9 | 11.7 | -1.0 |
Q2 1980 |
-4.1 | 1.0 | 16.0 | -10.9 | 11.2 | -7.0 |
Q3 1980 |
1.6 | 0.5 | 8.8 | -0.2 | 10.5 | -1.8 |
Q4 1980 |
4.1 | 1.2 | 6.7 | 9.8 | 11.1 | 5.5 |
Q1 1981 |
6.3 | -1.1 | 3.9 | 8.8 | 10.4 | 2.3 |
Q2 1981 |
-5.1 | -0.6 | 12.8 | -4.8 | 7.1 | 0.3 |
Q3 1981 |
3.8 | 0.8 | 5.2 | 3.6 | 9.2 | -0.2 |
Q4 1981 |
-4.1 | -0.4 | 11.3 | -5.8 | 6.7 | -1.7 |
Q1 1982 |
-1.9 | 5.7 | 13.1 | -8.4 | 10.9 | -6.6 |
Q2 1982 |
0.1 | -1.1 | 3.1 | 1.9 | 3.1 | 1.9 |
Q3 1982 |
0.7 | -0.7 | 5.6 | -2.1 | 6.4 | -2.8 |
Q4 1982 |
3.4 | 1.5 | 2.5 | -0.4 | 6.0 | -3.7 |
Q1 1983 |
5.3 | 1.8 | -1.1 | 7.9 | 4.1 | 2.5 |
Q2 1983 |
9.0 | -1.0 | -4.6 | 14.1 | 3.9 | 4.7 |
Q3 1983 |
1.9 | -1.6 | 0.3 | 10.2 | 2.2 | 8.2 |
Q4 1983 |
2.2 | 0.9 | 2.4 | 10.1 | 4.7 | 7.7 |
Q1 1984 |
1.5 | -0.9 | 3.1 | 9.5 | 4.7 | 7.9 |
Q2 1984 |
2.4 | 0.6 | 1.8 | 7.8 | 4.3 | 5.3 |
Q3 1984 |
1.8 | 2.7 | 4.1 | 3.6 | 6.0 | 1.7 |
Q4 1984 |
0.4 | -0.1 | 2.8 | 3.1 | 3.2 | 2.6 |
Q1 1985 |
1.2 | 1.6 | 3.9 | 4.5 | 5.2 | 3.2 |
Q2 1985 |
1.2 | 0.3 | 2.6 | 4.0 | 3.9 | 2.8 |
Q3 1985 |
5.2 | 3.4 | 0.8 | 6.4 | 6.0 | 1.1 |
Q4 1985 |
1.6 | 3.8 | 6.1 | 3.7 | 7.8 | 2.0 |
Q1 1986 |
4.8 | 3.8 | 0.9 | 4.2 | 5.8 | -0.6 |
Q2 1986 |
3.2 | 6.9 | 1.5 | 2.1 | 4.7 | -1.1 |
Q3 1986 |
1.7 | 2.8 | 3.3 | 3.8 | 5.1 | 2.0 |
Q4 1986 |
-0.8 | 2.7 | 6.3 | 2.2 | 5.5 | 3.0 |
Q1 1987 |
-1.8 | -2.7 | 3.7 | 3.2 | 1.8 | 5.1 |
Q2 1987 |
2.7 | -1.3 | 0.2 | 5.1 | 2.9 | 2.3 |
Q3 1987 |
0.1 | 0.2 | 4.1 | 2.9 | 4.2 | 2.8 |
Q4 1987 |
4.0 | 1.5 | 0.8 | 8.4 | 4.8 | 4.2 |
Q1 1988 |
1.4 | 4.5 | 5.7 | 1.8 | 7.2 | 0.4 |
Q2 1988 |
1.0 | 0.6 | 3.8 | 6.9 | 4.9 | 5.7 |
Q3 1988 |
1.0 | 0.3 | 4.0 | 2.1 | 5.0 | 1.1 |
Q4 1988 |
0.9 | -0.7 | 2.1 | 5.6 | 3.0 | 4.6 |
Q1 1989 |
0.2 | -2.9 | 0.9 | 4.3 | 1.1 | 4.1 |
Q2 1989 |
1.2 | -4.3 | 0.4 | 2.8 | 1.6 | 1.6 |
Q3 1989 |
1.9 | 0.7 | 1.7 | 2.9 | 3.6 | 0.9 |
Q4 1989 |
0.0 | 2.1 | 5.8 | 0.1 | 5.9 | 0.0 |
Q1 1990 |
3.8 | 1.4 | 4.0 | 5.0 | 7.9 | 1.2 |
Q2 1990 |
2.8 | 4.2 | 5.1 | 1.0 | 8.0 | -1.7 |
Q3 1990 |
1.3 | -1.2 | 4.1 | -0.8 | 5.4 | -2.0 |
Q4 1990 |
-4.1 | -3.1 | 7.4 | -5.7 | 3.1 | -1.7 |
Q1 1991 |
1.2 | 0.2 | 1.1 | -2.7 | 2.4 | -3.9 |
Q2 1991 |
6.7 | 5.9 | 1.1 | 4.0 | 7.9 | -2.5 |
Q3 1991 |
3.5 | 2.4 | 1.4 | 3.0 | 4.9 | -0.5 |
Q4 1991 |
1.9 | 2.4 | 3.5 | 1.2 | 5.4 | -0.7 |
Q1 1992 |
8.2 | 8.5 | 2.5 | 5.6 | 10.8 | -2.3 |
Q2 1992 |
3.4 | 1.0 | 0.3 | 5.1 | 3.8 | 1.6 |
Q3 1992 |
3.6 | 2.1 | 1.0 | 4.3 | 4.6 | 0.7 |
Q4 1992 |
2.4 | -0.9 | -0.2 | 5.1 | 2.2 | 2.6 |
Q1 1993 |
-3.4 | -4.9 | 0.5 | 0.1 | -2.9 | 3.6 |
Q2 1993 |
-2.3 | 0.1 | 5.4 | 2.2 | 3.0 | 4.6 |
Q3 1993 |
1.7 | -1.4 | -1.6 | 4.2 | 0.1 | 2.4 |
Q4 1993 |
1.6 | 0.2 | 1.4 | 5.5 | 2.9 | 3.9 |
Q1 1994 |
1.1 | -3.4 | -3.4 | 3.7 | -2.3 | 2.5 |
Q2 1994 |
0.4 | 1.2 | 3.0 | 7.0 | 3.4 | 6.6 |
Q3 1994 |
-2.2 | -3.1 | 2.2 | 2.4 | -0.1 | 4.8 |
Q4 1994 |
4.3 | 1.2 | -1.1 | 6.0 | 3.2 | 1.7 |
Q1 1995 |
0.3 | 0.0 | 2.1 | 2.2 | 2.4 | 1.9 |
Q2 1995 |
1.9 | 0.3 | 1.4 | 1.3 | 3.3 | -0.6 |
Q3 1995 |
0.0 | 0.4 | 2.2 | 4.6 | 2.2 | 4.7 |
Q4 1995 |
2.2 | 1.2 | 1.0 | 3.3 | 3.3 | 1.0 |
Q1 1996 |
2.5 | 1.3 | 1.9 | 3.3 | 4.4 | 0.8 |
Q2 1996 |
3.9 | 0.3 | -0.1 | 7.9 | 3.8 | 3.8 |
Q3 1996 |
1.5 | 1.0 | 1.6 | 4.9 | 3.1 | 3.4 |
Q4 1996 |
0.4 | -0.9 | 2.0 | 5.0 | 2.3 | 4.6 |
Q1 1997 |
-0.8 | 2.4 | 5.5 | 2.6 | 4.7 | 3.4 |
Q2 1997 |
6.0 | 2.7 | -2.2 | 8.1 | 3.7 | 1.9 |
Q3 1997 |
3.3 | 2.3 | 0.7 | 5.8 | 4.1 | 2.4 |
Q4 1997 |
2.0 | 5.3 | 5.3 | 3.9 | 7.4 | 1.9 |
Q1 1998 |
3.7 | 6.2 | 3.2 | 6.3 | 6.9 | 2.5 |
Q2 1998 |
2.2 | 4.0 | 2.9 | 4.3 | 5.2 | 2.1 |
Q3 1998 |
5.4 | 4.8 | 1.1 | 6.0 | 6.6 | 0.6 |
Q4 1998 |
3.1 | 0.6 | -0.8 | 8.3 | 2.3 | 5.0 |
Q1 1999 |
5.6 | 5.7 | 1.6 | 5.0 | 7.3 | -0.6 |
Q2 1999 |
1.4 | -1.3 | 0.3 | 3.6 | 1.7 | 2.2 |
Q3 1999 |
3.9 | 0.4 | -0.3 | 6.6 | 3.5 | 2.6 |
Q4 1999 |
5.9 | 5.1 | 2.2 | 7.7 | 8.3 | 1.7 |
Q1 2000 |
-1.4 | 10.4 | 16.5 | 0.4 | 14.9 | 1.8 |
Q2 2000 |
7.8 | -2.1 | -6.4 | 9.1 | 1.0 | 1.2 |
Q3 2000 |
-0.1 | 4.2 | 8.2 | -0.3 | 8.1 | -0.2 |
Q4 2000 |
4.0 | -0.7 | -1.7 | 2.6 | 2.2 | -1.4 |
Q1 2001 |
-2.0 | 5.2 | 11.6 | -2.3 | 9.3 | -0.2 |
Q2 2001 |
7.1 | -1.3 | -5.1 | 3.1 | 1.6 | -3.8 |
Q3 2001 |
2.4 | -0.5 | -1.7 | -2.6 | 0.6 | -4.9 |
Q4 2001 |
5.1 | 4.1 | -1.3 | 0.5 | 3.7 | -4.4 |
Q1 2002 |
8.5 | 0.5 | -6.2 | 4.9 | 1.8 | -3.3 |
Q2 2002 |
0.8 | 0.2 | 2.7 | 1.8 | 3.5 | 1.0 |
Q3 2002 |
3.0 | -0.1 | -0.9 | 1.5 | 2.1 | -1.5 |
Q4 2002 |
-0.4 | -1.3 | 1.4 | 0.1 | 1.0 | 0.5 |
Q1 2003 |
3.9 | -1.6 | -1.4 | 1.8 | 2.5 | -2.1 |
Q2 2003 |
5.4 | 7.7 | 1.6 | 4.2 | 7.1 | -1.2 |
Q3 2003 |
9.1 | 3.1 | -2.7 | 9.7 | 6.1 | 0.6 |
Q4 2003 |
3.8 | 4.1 | 1.9 | 5.8 | 5.8 | 1.9 |
Q1 2004 |
-1.0 | -4.1 | 0.3 | 0.7 | -0.8 | 1.7 |
Q2 2004 |
4.1 | 4.7 | 3.7 | 4.5 | 7.9 | 0.3 |
Q3 2004 |
1.7 | 4.7 | 5.6 | 4.3 | 7.4 | 2.5 |
Q4 2004 |
2.0 | -2.6 | -0.3 | 4.2 | 1.7 | 2.1 |
Q1 2005 |
4.7 | 0.8 | -1.8 | 5.5 | 2.8 | 0.8 |
Q2 2005 |
-0.8 | -0.4 | 3.2 | 1.5 | 2.4 | 2.4 |
Q3 2005 |
2.5 | -1.0 | 2.6 | 3.8 | 5.1 | 1.3 |
Q4 2005 |
0.4 | -1.2 | 2.1 | 2.8 | 2.5 | 2.4 |
Q1 2006 |
3.0 | 6.0 | 5.0 | 7.2 | 8.2 | 4.0 |
Q2 2006 |
-0.7 | -3.3 | 1.0 | 0.6 | 0.3 | 1.3 |
Q3 2006 |
-0.9 | -2.7 | 1.9 | 0.7 | 1.0 | 1.7 |
Q4 2006 |
2.8 | 8.5 | 3.8 | 4.5 | 6.7 | 1.7 |
Q1 2007 |
0.6 | 5.3 | 8.9 | 1.2 | 9.5 | 0.6 |
Q2 2007 |
1.1 | -4.8 | -1.6 | 3.2 | -0.5 | 2.0 |
Q3 2007 |
4.2 | -0.7 | -2.2 | 2.6 | 1.9 | -1.5 |
Q4 2007 |
3.3 | -0.1 | 1.5 | 1.9 | 4.8 | -1.4 |
Q1 2008 |
-2.5 | -0.4 | 6.7 | -3.7 | 4.0 | -1.3 |
Q2 2008 |
4.4 | -4.5 | -3.7 | 2.1 | 0.5 | -2.1 |
Q3 2008 |
1.1 | -2.1 | 2.9 | -3.4 | 4.1 | -4.5 |
Q4 2008 |
-1.1 | 15.7 | 6.7 | -11.7 | 5.5 | -10.6 |
Q1 2009 |
3.7 | -7.6 | -13.3 | -6.4 | -10.1 | -9.8 |
Q2 2009 |
9.1 | 8.5 | 1.6 | -0.8 | 10.8 | -9.0 |
Q3 2009 |
6.0 | -0.7 | -3.1 | 1.4 | 2.8 | -4.3 |
Q4 2009 |
5.9 | -0.8 | -3.4 | 5.4 | 2.3 | -0.5 |
Q1 2010 |
1.0 | -4.4 | -4.7 | 2.2 | -3.7 | 1.2 |
Q2 2010 |
1.0 | 4.7 | 3.5 | 4.5 | 4.5 | 3.4 |
Q3 2010 |
2.9 | 1.2 | -0.5 | 4.6 | 2.4 | 1.6 |
Q4 2010 |
1.1 | -1.7 | 0.5 | 3.1 | 1.5 | 2.0 |
Q1 2011 |
-2.8 | 3.0 | 10.6 | -2.1 | 7.5 | 0.7 |
Q2 2011 |
-0.1 | -7.7 | -3.3 | 4.2 | -3.4 | 4.3 |
Q3 2011 |
-1.0 | 0.6 | 4.3 | 0.2 | 3.2 | 1.3 |
Q4 2011 |
2.3 | -7.4 | -7.9 | 5.9 | -5.7 | 3.5 |
Q1 2012 |
1.6 | 7.2 | 8.0 | 5.1 | 9.7 | 3.4 |
Q2 2012 |
1.9 | 1.3 | 0.3 | 2.6 | 2.2 | 0.7 |
Q3 2012 |
-0.9 | -1.9 | 0.8 | 1.2 | -0.1 | 2.1 |
Q4 2012 |
-1.5 | 7.8 | 12.5 | 0.8 | 10.8 | 2.3 |
Q1 2013 |
2.0 | -7.3 | -7.7 | 3.8 | -5.8 | 1.7 |
Q2 2013 |
-1.4 | 3.3 | 4.3 | 0.2 | 2.9 | 1.7 |
Q3 2013 |
2.1 | -3.0 | -2.9 | 4.2 | -0.9 | 2.1 |
Q4 2013 |
3.1 | 1.5 | 0.0 | 4.2 | 3.1 | 1.1 |
Q1 2014 |
-4.1 | 5.2 | 12.5 | -2.1 | 7.9 | 2.0 |
Q2 2014 |
3.5 | -4.2 | -5.4 | 6.8 | -2.1 | 3.2 |
Q3 2014 |
3.3 | 1.3 | -0.9 | 6.4 | 2.4 | 3.0 |
Q4 2014 |
-2.1 | 5.3 | 6.5 | 2.3 | 4.3 | 4.6 |
Q1 2015 |
2.8 | 7.4 | 1.9 | 4.0 | 4.8 | 1.1 |
Q2 2015 |
1.4 | 0.8 | 2.1 | 3.0 | 3.6 | 1.5 |
Q3 2015 |
1.2 | 1.2 | 1.6 | 1.3 | 2.8 | 0.1 |
Q4 2015 |
-2.2 | -0.8 | 1.4 | 0.4 | -0.8 | 2.6 |
Q1 2016 |
1.1 | 0.3 | -1.0 | 2.7 | 0.1 | 1.6 |
Q2 2016 |
0.0 | -1.8 | 1.4 | 1.2 | 1.4 | 1.2 |
Q3 2016 |
1.8 | 0.2 | 0.1 | 2.8 | 1.9 | 1.0 |
Q4 2016 |
2.4 | 1.9 | 2.0 | 2.8 | 4.5 | 0.4 |
Q1 2017 |
0.2 | 1.2 | 3.9 | 1.7 | 4.1 | 1.5 |
Q2 2017 |
-0.4 | 2.0 | 2.8 | 2.5 | 2.4 | 2.8 |
Q3 2017 |
4.0 | 3.3 | 1.2 | 4.4 | 5.3 | 0.4 |
Q4 2017 |
1.8 | 2.1 | 3.6 | 5.1 | 5.4 | 3.2 |
Q1 2018 |
1.1 | -0.7 | 1.6 | 3.2 | 2.7 | 2.1 |
Q2 2018 |
1.6 | -0.1 | 0.4 | 3.1 | 2.0 | 1.5 |
Q3 2018 |
1.5 | 2.2 | 2.5 | 3.6 | 4.0 | 2.1 |
Q4 2018 |
-0.7 | -0.3 | 2.0 | 0.8 | 1.3 | 1.4 |
Q1 2019 |
3.4 | 8.6 | 6.1 | 3.0 | 9.7 | -0.3 |
Q2 2019 |
2.5 | -2.5 | -2.1 | 2.9 | 0.4 | 0.3 |
Q3 2019 |
2.3 | -1.1 | -1.9 | 4.3 | 0.4 | 2.0 |
Q4 2019 |
2.3 | 3.6 | 4.1 | 1.8 | 6.5 | -0.6 |
Q1 2020 |
-0.5 | 8.8 | 10.8 | -6.7 | 10.3 | -6.3 |
Q2 2020 |
17.3 | 30.3 | 7.2 | -35.0 | 25.7 | -44.6 |
Q3 2020 |
6.5 | -10.6 | -12.1 | 47.2 | -6.4 | 38.2 |
Q4 2020 |
-3.5 | 7.1 | 14.0 | 5.3 | 10.0 | 9.2 |
Q1 2021 |
3.4 | -5.0 | -4.2 | 8.5 | -0.9 | 4.9 |
Q2 2021 |
2.3 | -1.0 | 4.4 | 8.9 | 6.9 | 6.4 |
Q3 2021 |
-3.0 | -0.7 | 9.1 | 2.7 | 5.9 | 5.9 |
Q4 2021 |
3.0 | -1.8 | 3.7 | 9.1 | 6.8 | 5.9 |
Q1 2022 |
-6.0 | -6.8 | 8.5 | -2.5 | 2.0 | 3.8 |
Q2 2022 |
-3.7 | -6.5 | 6.6 | -1.2 | 2.7 | 2.6 |
Q3 2022 |
1.2 | 2.5 | 6.9 | 3.6 | 8.2 | 2.4 |
Q4 2022 |
1.6 | 0.7 | 3.3 | 2.9 | 4.9 | 1.3 |
Q1 2023 |
-2.7 | -0.3 | 6.3 | 0.2 | 3.4 | 3.0 |
In the first quarter of 2023, unit labor costs increased at an annual rate of 6.3 percent, reflecting the 2.7-percent decrease in productivity and a 3.4-percent increase in hourly compensation.
These data are from the Productivity program, are seasonally adjusted, and are subject to revision. See "Productivity and Costs — First Quarter 2023 (Preliminary)" to learn more. Also see charts related to the latest "Productivity and Costs" news release. Labor productivity, or output per hour, is calculated by dividing an index of inflation-adjusted output by an index of hours worked for all persons, including employees, proprietors, and unpaid family workers. Unit labor costs are calculated as the ratio of hourly compensation to labor productivity. Increases in hourly compensation tend to increase unit labor costs and increases in productivity tend to reduce them.
Bureau of Labor Statistics, U.S. Department of Labor, The Economics Daily, Labor productivity rose at 1.1-percent annual rate from fourth quarter 2019 to first quarter 2023 at https://www.bls.gov/opub/ted/2023/labor-productivity-rose-at-1-1-percent-annual-rate-from-fourth-quarter-2019-to-first-quarter-2023.htm (visited December 06, 2024).