From June 2023 to September 2023, gross job losses from closing and contracting private-sector establishments in Maryland were 140,643, while gross job gains from opening and expanding private-sector establishments were 137,846, the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics reported today. Regional Commissioner Alexandra Hall Bovee noted that the difference between the number of gross job gains and the number of gross job losses yielded a net employment loss of 2,797 jobs in the private sector during the third quarter of 2023. During the previous quarter, gross job gains exceeded gross job losses by 8,556. (See chart 1.)

The change in the number of jobs over time is the net result of increases and decreases in employment that occur at all private businesses in the economy. Business Employment Dynamics (BED) statistics track these changes in employment at private-sector establishments from the third month of one quarter to the third month of the next. The difference between the number of gross job gains and the number of gross job losses is the net change in employment. (See the Business Employment Dynamics Technical Note.)

Gross job gains

In the third quarter of 2023, gross job gains represented 6.4 percent of private-sector employment in Maryland; nationally, gross job gains accounted for 5.8 percent of private-sector employment. (See chart 2.) Gross job gains are the sum of increases in employment due to expansions at existing establishments and the addition of new jobs at opening establishments. In Maryland, gross job gains at expanding establishments totaled 97,073 in the third quarter of 2023, a decrease of 15,273 jobs compared to the previous quarter. (See table 1.) Opening establishments accounted for 40,773 jobs gained in the third quarter of 2023, an increase of 7,393 jobs from the previous quarter.

Gross job losses

In the third quarter of 2023, gross job losses represented 6.5 percent of private-sector employment in Maryland; nationally, gross job losses accounted for 5.9 percent of private-sector employment. (See chart 3.) Gross job losses are the result of contractions in employment at existing establishments and the loss of jobs at closing establishments. In Maryland, contracting establishments lost 111,075 jobs in the third quarter of 2023, an increase of 4,170 jobs from the prior quarter. Closing establishments lost 29,568 jobs, a decrease of 697 jobs from the previous quarter.

Industries

Gross job losses exceeded gross job gains in 8 of the 11 industry sectors in Maryland in the third quarter of 2023. Transportation and warehousing had the largest over-the quarter net job decrease, with a loss of 2,765 jobs. This was the result of 9,130 gross job losses and 6,365 gross job gains. Education and health services showed a net gain of 4,312 jobs, the largest gain of any sector in the state. This was the result of 23,044 gross job gains and 18,732 gross job losses.

For more information

The BED data series include gross job gains and gross job losses by industry subsector, for the 50 states, the District of Columbia, Puerto Rico, and the Virgin Islands, as well as gross job gains and gross job losses at the firm level by employer size class. BED data for the states have been included in table 2 of this release. Additional information is available online at the Business Employment Dynamics Home.

The Business Employment Dynamics for Fourth Quarter 2023 are scheduled to be released on Wednesday, July 24, 2024.

Technical Note

The Business Employment Dynamics (BED) data are a product of a federal-state cooperative program known as Quarterly Census of Employment and Wages (QCEW). The BED data are compiled by the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics (BLS) from existing QCEW records.

More information on formal definitions of the data used in this release, along with coverage, concepts, and methodology, can be found in the Business Employment Dynamics Technical Note.

Information in this release will be made available to individuals with sensory impairments upon request. Voice phone: (202) 691-5200; Telecommunications Relay Service: 7-1-1.

Table 1. Private sector gross job gains and losses by industry, Maryland, seasonally adjusted

Category	Gross job gains and losses (3 months ended)					Gross job gains and losses as a percent of employment (3 months ended)
	Sept. 2022	Dec. 2022	Mar. 2023	June 2023	Sept. 2023	Sept. 2022	Dec. 2022	Mar. 2023	June 2023	Sept. 2023
Total private (1)
Gross job gains	158,967	143,112	147,510	145,726	137,846	7.4	6.6	6.8	6.7	6.4
At expanding establishments	113,115	110,971	109,450	112,346	97,073	5.3	5.1	5.0	5.2	4.5
At opening establishments	45,852	32,141	38,060	33,380	40,773	2.1	1.5	1.8	1.5	1.9
Gross job losses	128,265	148,916	121,490	137,170	140,643	6.0	6.9	5.6	6.3	6.5
At contracting establishments	102,035	105,687	93,796	106,905	111,075	4.8	4.9	4.3	4.9	5.1
At closing establishments	26,230	43,229	27,694	30,265	29,568	1.2	2.0	1.3	1.4	1.4
Net employment change (2)	30,702	-5,804	26,020	8,556	-2,797	1.4	-0.3	1.2	0.4	-0.1
Construction
Gross job gains	12,113	11,841	12,163	9,431	10,099	7.6	7.3	7.4	5.8	6.4
At expanding establishments	8,760	9,382	8,977	7,193	6,914	5.5	5.8	5.5	4.4	4.4
At opening establishments	3,353	2,459	3,186	2,238	3,185	2.1	1.5	1.9	1.4	2.0
Gross job losses	10,878	11,397	9,304	10,671	11,004	6.9	7.1	5.7	6.5	6.9
At contracting establishments	8,548	7,931	7,337	8,322	9,032	5.4	4.9	4.5	5.1	5.7
At closing establishments	2,330	3,466	1,967	2,349	1,972	1.5	2.2	1.2	1.4	1.2
Net employment change (2)	1,235	444	2,859	-1,240	-905	0.7	0.2	1.7	-0.7	-0.5
Manufacturing
Gross job gains	5,541	4,826	4,210	4,221	4,322	4.9	4.3	3.7	3.7	3.8
At expanding establishments	4,077	4,042	3,332	3,422	3,462	3.6	3.6	2.9	3.0	3.0
At opening establishments	1,464	784	878	799	860	1.3	0.7	0.8	0.7	0.8
Gross job losses	3,667	3,488	3,968	4,237	4,346	3.3	3.1	3.5	3.7	3.8
At contracting establishments	3,135	2,594	3,276	3,104	3,619	2.8	2.3	2.9	2.7	3.2
At closing establishments	532	894	692	1,133	727	0.5	0.8	0.6	1.0	0.6
Net employment change (2)	1,874	1,338	242	-16	-24	1.6	1.2	0.2	0.0	0.0
Wholesale trade
Gross job gains	5,705	4,070	4,078	4,350	4,387	6.7	4.7	4.7	5.0	5.1
At expanding establishments	4,408	3,372	3,117	3,464	3,149	5.2	3.9	3.6	4.0	3.7
At opening establishments	1,297	698	961	886	1,238	1.5	0.8	1.1	1.0	1.4
Gross job losses	3,877	4,546	3,669	3,866	4,150	4.5	5.3	4.2	4.5	4.8
At contracting establishments	3,090	3,184	2,694	2,721	2,868	3.6	3.7	3.1	3.2	3.3
At closing establishments	787	1,362	975	1,145	1,282	0.9	1.6	1.1	1.3	1.5
Net employment change (2)	1,828	-476	409	484	237	2.2	-0.6	0.5	0.5	0.3
Retail trade
Gross job gains	16,907	14,045	15,877	15,047	15,694	6.2	5.3	5.9	5.6	5.8
At expanding establishments	13,291	11,697	12,541	12,434	12,453	4.9	4.4	4.7	4.6	4.6
At opening establishments	3,616	2,348	3,336	2,613	3,241	1.3	0.9	1.2	1.0	1.2
Gross job losses	16,637	16,906	12,029	16,059	16,983	6.1	6.3	4.5	5.9	6.3
At contracting establishments	14,375	14,205	10,522	13,520	14,026	5.3	5.3	3.9	5.0	5.2
At closing establishments	2,262	2,701	1,507	2,539	2,957	0.8	1.0	0.6	0.9	1.1
Net employment change (2)	270	-2,861	3,848	-1,012	-1,289	0.1	-1.0	1.4	-0.3	-0.5
Transportation and warehousing
Gross job gains	6,521	7,052	5,124	9,773	6,365	6.2	6.6	5.0	9.8	6.5
At expanding establishments	5,507	6,111	3,483	8,852	4,921	5.2	5.7	3.4	8.9	5.0
At opening establishments	1,014	941	1,641	921	1,444	1.0	0.9	1.6	0.9	1.5
Gross job losses	6,402	7,943	8,354	12,613	9,130	6.0	7.5	8.1	12.6	9.3
At contracting establishments	5,696	6,359	7,649	11,695	8,483	5.3	6.0	7.4	11.7	8.6
At closing establishments	706	1,584	705	918	647	0.7	1.5	0.7	0.9	0.7
Net employment change (2)	119	-891	-3,230	-2,840	-2,765	0.2	-0.9	-3.1	-2.8	-2.8
Information
Gross job gains	2,866	2,472	1,776	2,114	1,782	8.0	6.8	5.0	6.0	5.1
At expanding establishments	1,788	1,488	1,105	1,469	1,017	5.0	4.1	3.1	4.2	2.9
At opening establishments	1,078	984	671	645	765	3.0	2.7	1.9	1.8	2.2
Gross job losses	2,191	2,720	2,321	2,180	2,400	6.1	7.6	6.6	6.2	7.0
At contracting establishments	1,608	1,980	1,656	1,461	1,860	4.5	5.5	4.7	4.2	5.4
At closing establishments	583	740	665	719	540	1.6	2.1	1.9	2.0	1.6
Net employment change (2)	675	-248	-545	-66	-618	1.9	-0.8	-1.6	-0.2	-1.9
Financial activities
Gross job gains	9,367	7,452	6,815	7,914	7,080	7.3	5.9	5.4	6.2	5.6
At expanding establishments	6,514	5,703	4,924	5,969	4,636	5.1	4.5	3.9	4.7	3.7
At opening establishments	2,853	1,749	1,891	1,945	2,444	2.2	1.4	1.5	1.5	1.9
Gross job losses	6,484	9,606	7,248	7,100	7,233	5.1	7.5	5.7	5.6	5.7
At contracting establishments	4,989	6,799	5,452	5,040	5,294	3.9	5.3	4.3	4.0	4.2
At closing establishments	1,495	2,807	1,796	2,060	1,939	1.2	2.2	1.4	1.6	1.5
Net employment change (2)	2,883	-2,154	-433	814	-153	2.2	-1.6	-0.3	0.6	-0.1
Professional and business services
Gross job gains	40,504	36,211	33,401	33,226	31,728	8.6	7.6	7.0	6.9	6.7
At expanding establishments	26,302	27,544	24,506	24,511	22,441	5.6	5.8	5.1	5.1	4.7
At opening establishments	14,202	8,667	8,895	8,715	9,287	3.0	1.8	1.9	1.8	2.0
Gross job losses	31,608	40,096	29,382	32,851	33,281	6.7	8.5	6.2	6.9	7.0
At contracting establishments	24,458	26,945	21,257	25,158	25,153	5.2	5.7	4.5	5.3	5.3
At closing establishments	7,150	13,151	8,125	7,693	8,128	1.5	2.8	1.7	1.6	1.7
Net employment change (2)	8,896	-3,885	4,019	375	-1,553	1.9	-0.9	0.8	0.0	-0.3
Education and health services
Gross job gains	23,480	20,012	28,180	25,995	23,044	5.5	4.6	6.4	5.9	5.2
At expanding establishments	17,603	15,978	21,098	20,654	16,475	4.1	3.7	4.8	4.7	3.7
At opening establishments	5,877	4,034	7,082	5,341	6,569	1.4	0.9	1.6	1.2	1.5
Gross job losses	16,314	22,879	19,041	18,215	18,732	3.7	5.3	4.4	4.1	4.2
At contracting establishments	12,694	14,544	14,755	12,971	14,399	2.9	3.4	3.4	2.9	3.2
At closing establishments	3,620	8,335	4,286	5,244	4,333	0.8	1.9	1.0	1.2	1.0
Net employment change (2)	7,166	-2,867	9,139	7,780	4,312	1.8	-0.7	2.0	1.8	1.0
Leisure and hospitality
Gross job gains	27,158	27,999	27,807	25,401	24,989	10.9	11.1	10.7	9.7	9.6
At expanding establishments	19,157	20,678	20,619	19,166	16,123	7.7	8.2	7.9	7.3	6.2
At opening establishments	8,001	7,321	7,188	6,235	8,866	3.2	2.9	2.8	2.4	3.4
Gross job losses	23,676	22,198	19,578	22,385	26,723	9.5	8.8	7.6	8.6	10.2
At contracting establishments	18,690	16,383	14,961	17,792	21,584	7.5	6.5	5.8	6.8	8.2
At closing establishments	4,986	5,815	4,617	4,593	5,139	2.0	2.3	1.8	1.8	2.0
Net employment change (2)	3,482	5,801	8,229	3,016	-1,734	1.4	2.3	3.1	1.1	-0.6
Other services (3)
Gross job gains	7,261	5,996	6,426	6,720	6,900	9.3	7.5	8.1	8.3	8.4
At expanding establishments	4,529	4,077	4,456	4,158	4,516	5.8	5.1	5.6	5.1	5.5
At opening establishments	2,732	1,919	1,970	2,562	2,384	3.5	2.4	2.5	3.2	2.9
Gross job losses	5,319	5,964	5,648	5,619	5,599	6.8	7.6	7.0	7.0	6.8
At contracting establishments	3,672	3,704	3,464	4,039	3,858	4.7	4.7	4.3	5.0	4.7
At closing establishments	1,647	2,260	2,184	1,580	1,741	2.1	2.9	2.7	2.0	2.1
Net employment change (2)	1,942	32	778	1,101	1,301	2.5	-0.1	1.1	1.3	1.6
Footnotes: (1) Includes unclassified sector not shown separately. (2) The net employment change is the difference between total gross job gains and total gross job losses. See the Technical Note for further information. (3) Except public administration.

Table 2. Private-sector gross job gains and losses as a percent of total employment by state, seasonally adjusted

Category	Gross job gains as a percent of employment (3 months ended)					Gross job losses as a percent of employment (3 months ended)
	Sept. 2022	Dec. 2022	Mar. 2023	June 2023	Sept. 2023	Sept. 2022	Dec. 2022	Mar. 2023	June 2023	Sept. 2023
United States(1)	6.9	6.3	6.2	6.2	5.8	5.9	5.9	5.4	5.9	5.9
Alabama	6.9	6.6	6.4	5.9	5.9	5.9	6.1	5.5	5.7	6.0
Alaska	8.5	10.9	10.4	11.0	8.5	10.4	9.2	8.0	8.9	10.5
Arizona	7.1	6.6	5.9	7.0	6.7	5.5	6.0	5.4	6.5	5.9
Arkansas	6.5	6.2	5.8	5.8	5.6	5.2	5.2	5.0	6.0	5.7
California	6.8	6.6	6.1	6.7	6.2	6.2	6.6	6.4	6.4	6.5
Colorado	7.0	7.6	7.2	7.3	5.5	7.1	6.9	6.5	6.6	6.2
Connecticut	6.3	5.9	6.1	6.4	5.8	6.2	5.9	5.3	5.7	6.2
Delaware	8.6	7.0	6.7	6.0	6.0	6.2	7.5	5.2	5.7	6.5
District of Columbia	7.2	5.6	5.9	5.4	5.5	5.0	5.5	4.8	5.3	5.4
Florida	7.8	6.2	6.3	6.8	6.5	5.6	6.0	5.6	5.8	5.8
Georgia	7.1	6.7	6.2	6.4	6.1	5.9	5.9	5.8	6.5	6.1
Hawaii	6.4	6.0	5.5	5.7	5.3	4.9	4.9	5.0	5.2	6.9
Idaho	7.8	8.4	7.9	7.9	7.3	7.5	6.9	7.5	7.5	8.2
Illinois	5.8	5.4	5.8	5.4	4.8	5.3	5.1	4.8	5.3	5.5
Indiana	6.4	5.7	5.5	5.5	5.8	5.5	5.2	5.0	6.1	5.8
Iowa	5.9	6.4	6.0	6.0	5.5	5.9	6.2	5.4	5.9	5.8
Kansas	7.4	6.3	6.1	6.1	5.7	5.5	5.6	5.4	6.0	6.0
Kentucky	6.6	6.0	6.1	5.6	5.7	5.4	5.3	4.9	5.9	5.5
Louisiana	6.9	6.1	6.3	6.1	6.2	5.7	6.2	5.6	6.4	6.0
Maine	7.6	7.4	7.7	7.6	6.8	7.3	6.8	6.2	7.6	7.8
Maryland	7.4	6.6	6.8	6.7	6.4	6.0	6.9	5.6	6.3	6.5
Massachusetts	6.2	5.5	5.8	5.9	5.4	6.1	5.8	4.7	5.7	6.1
Michigan	5.7	5.9	5.7	5.9	5.2	5.8	5.2	4.9	5.3	5.9
Minnesota	6.5	5.9	5.7	6.0	3.1	5.9	5.8	4.9	5.6	4.2
Mississippi	7.2	6.8	6.1	6.3	6.2	6.3	6.2	5.7	6.6	6.2
Missouri	6.8	6.1	6.5	5.9	5.6	6.3	5.8	5.1	5.9	5.8
Montana	8.7	9.2	8.7	7.8	7.7	7.8	7.8	7.1	8.4	8.5
Nebraska	7.1	6.0	6.3	6.0	6.0	6.1	5.7	5.1	5.6	5.9
Nevada	7.4	6.4	6.2	6.6	6.5	5.8	6.1	5.7	6.0	5.5
New Hampshire	6.9	6.7	7.0	6.7	5.9	6.7	6.0	5.9	6.3	6.7
New Jersey	6.8	6.8	6.1	6.8	5.9	6.4	5.9	5.7	5.9	5.9
New Mexico	8.0	6.7	6.8	6.4	6.1	5.9	6.2	5.9	6.2	6.7
New York	6.6	5.9	6.5	6.3	5.8	5.9	6.0	5.1	5.7	6.1
North Carolina	6.7	6.6	6.4	6.1	5.6	5.8	5.7	5.3	5.7	6.2
North Dakota	7.6	6.4	7.6	6.9	6.6	6.3	6.7	5.6	6.7	6.6
Ohio	5.8	5.9	5.8	5.6	5.2	5.5	5.7	4.9	5.7	5.7
Oklahoma	7.4	6.6	6.3	6.2	6.2	5.6	5.9	5.3	6.0	6.0
Oregon	6.7	6.5	7.3	6.4	6.1	6.0	6.2	6.1	6.9	6.9
Pennsylvania	6.1	5.5	5.5	5.2	5.2	5.1	5.2	4.6	5.5	5.2
Rhode Island	6.7	6.9	7.5	6.7	6.5	7.3	6.4	5.9	7.0	6.8
South Carolina	7.3	6.9	6.8	6.4	6.8	5.6	6.2	5.8	6.8	5.7
South Dakota	7.3	6.5	7.2	6.8	6.3	6.4	6.5	5.9	6.2	6.3
Tennessee	7.0	5.8	5.9	5.9	2.7	5.5	5.6	5.0	5.5	4.2
Texas	7.2	6.2	5.9	5.8	5.7	5.3	5.3	5.0	5.4	5.5
Utah	7.5	6.9	7.0	6.8	6.8	6.8	6.6	6.2	6.2	6.5
Vermont	7.2	7.8	8.2	7.4	6.3	7.8	7.0	6.0	7.5	8.0
Virginia	7.5	6.2	6.2	6.0	5.8	6.1	5.8	5.2	5.8	6.0
Washington	7.2	5.9	6.4	6.0	5.4	6.3	5.3	5.5	5.6	6.0
West Virginia	8.1	6.6	7.1	6.1	6.5	6.9	6.4	5.3	6.1	6.5
Wisconsin	6.0	6.0	6.0	5.6	5.2	5.8	5.5	4.9	5.9	5.9
Wyoming	9.2	9.2	8.9	8.4	8.2	8.4	7.9	7.8	8.7	8.2
Puerto Rico	6.2	6.6	5.1	5.8	5.7	5.3	6.1	5.7	4.9	5.4
Virgin Islands	8.5	5.9	7.5	7.4	8.2	5.5	4.7	6.5	6.8	7.1
Footnotes (1) Totals for the United States do not include data for Puerto Rico or the Virgin Islands. The sum of the states will not necessarily add to the U.S. total because of the independent seasonal adjustment of each state.