From March 2025 to June 2025, gross job gains from opening and expanding private-sector establishments in Virginia were 197,863, while gross job losses from closing and contracting private-sector establishments were 196,049, the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics reported today. Regional Commissioner Alexandra Hall Bovee noted that the difference between the number of gross job gains and the number of gross job losses yielded a net employment gain of 1,814 jobs in the private sector during the second quarter of 2025. (See table 1.) During the previous quarter, gross job gains exceeded gross job losses by 12,584. (See chart 1.)

The change in the number of jobs over time is the net result of increases and decreases in employment that occur at all private businesses in the economy. Business Employment Dynamics (BED) statistics track these changes in employment at private-sector establishments from the third month of one quarter to the third month of the next. The difference between the number of gross job gains and the number of gross job losses is the net change in employment. (See the Business Employment Dynamics Technical Note.)

Gross job gains

In the second quarter of 2025, gross job gains represented 5.8 percent of private-sector employment in Virginia; nationally, gross job gains accounted for 5.7 percent of private-sector employment. (See chart 2.) Gross job gains are the sum of increases in employment due to expansions at existing establishments and the addition of new jobs at opening establishments. In Virginia, gross job gains at expanding establishments totaled 154,257 in the second quarter of 2025, an increase of 6,769 jobs compared to the previous quarter. Opening establishments accounted for 43,606 jobs gained in the second quarter of 2025, an increase of 3,959 jobs from the previous quarter.

Gross job losses

In the second quarter of 2025, gross job losses represented 5.8 percent of private-sector employment in Virginia; nationally, gross job losses accounted for 6.0 percent of private-sector employment. (See chart 3.) Gross job losses are the result of contractions in employment at existing establishments and the loss of jobs at closing establishments. In Virginia, contracting establishments lost 162,433 jobs in the second quarter of 2025, an increase of 25,443 jobs from the prior quarter. Closing establishments lost 33,616 jobs, a decrease of 3,945 jobs from the previous quarter.

Industries

Gross job gains exceeded gross job losses in 5 of the 11 published industry sectors in Virginia in the second quarter of 2025. Education and health services had the largest over-the-quarter net job increase, with a gain of 5,457 jobs. This was the result of 31,927 gross job gains and 26,470 gross job losses. The construction industry had a net gain of 2,926 jobs. Professional and business services showed a net loss of 3,673 jobs, the largest loss of any sector in the state. Virginia’s leisure and hospitality industry sector had a net loss of 3,158 jobs.

For more information

The BED data series include gross job gains and gross job losses by industry subsector, for the 50 states, the District of Columbia, Puerto Rico, and the Virgin Islands, as well as gross job gains and gross job losses at the firm level by employer size class. BED data for the states have been included in table 2 of this release. Additional information is available online at the Business Employment Dynamics homepage and the Business Employment Dynamics Summary.

The Business Employment Dynamics for Third Quarter 2025 are scheduled to be released on Wednesday, April 29, 2026, at 10:00 a.m. (ET).

Technical Note

The Business Employment Dynamics (BED) data are a product of a federal-state cooperative program known as Quarterly Census of Employment and Wages (QCEW). The BED data are compiled by the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics (BLS) from existing QCEW records.

More information on formal definitions of the data used in this release, along with coverage, concepts, and methodology, can be found in the Business Employment Dynamics Technical Note.

If you are deaf, hard of hearing, or have a speech disability, please dial 7-1-1 to access telecommunications relay services.

Table 1. Private-sector gross job gains and losses by industry, Virginia, seasonally adjusted

Category	Gross job gains and losses (3 months ended)					Gross job gains and losses as a percent of employment (3 months ended)
	June 2024	Sept. 2024	Dec. 2024	Mar. 2025	June 2025	June 2024	Sept. 2024	Dec. 2024	Mar. 2025	June 2025
Total private (1)
Gross job gains	190,287	194,280	194,563	187,135	197,863	5.6	5.8	5.8	5.6	5.8
At expanding establishments	149,065	150,744	150,326	147,488	154,257	4.4	4.5	4.5	4.4	4.5
At opening establishments	41,222	43,536	44,237	39,647	43,606	1.2	1.3	1.3	1.2	1.3
Gross job losses	191,174	191,383	183,824	174,551	196,049	5.7	5.7	5.5	5.1	5.8
At contracting establishments	151,945	153,236	141,298	136,990	162,433	4.5	4.6	4.2	4.0	4.8
At closing establishments	39,229	38,147	42,526	37,561	33,616	1.2	1.1	1.3	1.1	1.0
Net employment change (2)	-887	2,897	10,739	12,584	1,814	-0.1	0.1	0.3	0.5	0.0
Construction
Gross job gains	13,671	14,055	16,439	16,645	16,341	6.2	6.5	7.5	7.4	7.1
At expanding establishments	11,404	11,407	13,565	13,961	13,497	5.2	5.3	6.2	6.2	5.9
At opening establishments	2,267	2,648	2,874	2,684	2,844	1.0	1.2	1.3	1.2	1.2
Gross job losses	14,108	13,394	13,386	12,502	13,415	6.5	6.2	6.1	5.5	5.9
At contracting establishments	11,269	10,765	10,345	9,545	10,717	5.2	5.0	4.7	4.2	4.7
At closing establishments	2,839	2,629	3,041	2,957	2,698	1.3	1.2	1.4	1.3	1.2
Net employment change (2)	-437	661	3,053	4,143	2,926	-0.3	0.3	1.4	1.9	1.2
Manufacturing
Gross job gains	7,122	8,020	6,617	6,558	6,687	2.9	3.3	2.8	2.7	2.8
At expanding establishments	6,148	5,248	5,720	5,499	5,516	2.5	2.2	2.4	2.3	2.3
At opening establishments	974	2,772	897	1,059	1,171	0.4	1.1	0.4	0.4	0.5
Gross job losses	8,817	8,389	8,372	7,440	9,182	3.6	3.5	3.5	3.1	3.8
At contracting establishments	6,070	7,475	7,470	6,570	8,394	2.5	3.1	3.1	2.7	3.5
At closing establishments	2,747	914	902	870	788	1.1	0.4	0.4	0.4	0.3
Net employment change (2)	-1,695	-369	-1,755	-882	-2,495	-0.7	-0.2	-0.7	-0.4	-1.0
Wholesale trade
Gross job gains	4,160	4,724	4,098	4,538	4,069	3.6	4.1	3.6	4.1	3.6
At expanding establishments	3,556	4,105	3,316	3,564	3,310	3.1	3.6	2.9	3.2	2.9
At opening establishments	604	619	782	974	759	0.5	0.5	0.7	0.9	0.7
Gross job losses	4,651	4,498	4,982	4,078	4,510	4.1	4.0	4.4	3.6	4.0
At contracting establishments	3,714	3,405	3,934	3,056	3,548	3.3	3.0	3.5	2.7	3.1
At closing establishments	937	1,093	1,048	1,022	962	0.8	1.0	0.9	0.9	0.9
Net employment change (2)	-491	226	-884	460	-441	-0.5	0.1	-0.8	0.5	-0.4
Retail trade
Gross job gains	20,096	19,335	17,488	23,001	21,497	5.1	4.9	4.5	5.8	5.4
At expanding establishments	17,434	17,309	14,686	19,698	18,155	4.4	4.4	3.8	5.0	4.6
At opening establishments	2,662	2,026	2,802	3,303	3,342	0.7	0.5	0.7	0.8	0.8
Gross job losses	21,611	22,055	22,794	17,147	22,754	5.4	5.6	5.8	4.4	5.8
At contracting establishments	19,241	19,276	19,943	14,463	20,012	4.8	4.9	5.1	3.7	5.1
At closing establishments	2,370	2,779	2,851	2,684	2,742	0.6	0.7	0.7	0.7	0.7
Net employment change (2)	-1,515	-2,720	-5,306	5,854	-1,257	-0.3	-0.7	-1.3	1.4	-0.4
Transportation and warehousing
Gross job gains	7,155	7,927	9,552	5,904	8,681	4.8	5.2	6.2	3.9	5.6
At expanding establishments	5,859	6,255	8,630	5,038	7,861	3.9	4.1	5.6	3.3	5.1
At opening establishments	1,296	1,672	922	866	820	0.9	1.1	0.6	0.6	0.5
Gross job losses	8,344	6,989	5,568	8,200	10,045	5.6	4.6	3.6	5.3	6.5
At contracting establishments	6,710	6,245	4,598	7,318	9,144	4.5	4.1	3.0	4.7	5.9
At closing establishments	1,634	744	970	882	901	1.1	0.5	0.6	0.6	0.6
Net employment change (2)	-1,189	938	3,984	-2,296	-1,364	-0.8	0.6	2.6	-1.4	-0.9
Information
Gross job gains	3,177	3,198	2,896	2,736	3,887	4.6	4.6	4.2	4.0	5.7
At expanding establishments	2,634	2,526	2,190	2,132	3,348	3.8	3.6	3.2	3.1	4.9
At opening establishments	543	672	706	604	539	0.8	1.0	1.0	0.9	0.8
Gross job losses	3,025	3,964	3,737	3,287	3,303	4.3	5.7	5.4	4.7	4.8
At contracting establishments	2,299	2,865	2,669	2,711	2,530	3.3	4.1	3.9	3.9	3.7
At closing establishments	726	1,099	1,068	576	773	1.0	1.6	1.5	0.8	1.1
Net employment change (2)	152	-766	-841	-551	584	0.3	-1.1	-1.2	-0.7	0.9
Financial activities
Gross job gains	9,085	8,910	9,020	10,168	10,172	4.4	4.3	4.4	4.9	4.9
At expanding establishments	7,153	6,968	6,495	7,595	8,177	3.5	3.4	3.2	3.7	3.9
At opening establishments	1,932	1,942	2,525	2,573	1,995	0.9	0.9	1.2	1.2	1.0
Gross job losses	9,168	9,173	8,900	8,610	9,477	4.5	4.5	4.3	4.2	4.6
At contracting establishments	6,919	6,500	6,350	6,184	7,294	3.4	3.2	3.1	3.0	3.5
At closing establishments	2,249	2,673	2,550	2,426	2,183	1.1	1.3	1.2	1.2	1.1
Net employment change (2)	-83	-263	120	1,558	695	-0.1	-0.2	0.1	0.7	0.3
Professional and business services
Gross job gains	45,321	49,576	42,127	41,553	44,214	5.6	6.1	5.2	5.1	5.5
At expanding establishments	36,084	35,915	31,699	32,421	33,722	4.5	4.4	3.9	4.0	4.2
At opening establishments	9,237	13,661	10,428	9,132	10,492	1.1	1.7	1.3	1.1	1.3
Gross job losses	43,822	46,430	46,614	41,951	47,887	5.4	5.7	5.7	5.2	5.9
At contracting establishments	34,905	36,351	35,080	31,712	38,656	4.3	4.5	4.3	3.9	4.8
At closing establishments	8,917	10,079	11,534	10,239	9,231	1.1	1.2	1.4	1.3	1.1
Net employment change (2)	1,499	3,146	-4,487	-398	-3,673	0.2	0.4	-0.5	-0.1	-0.4
Education and health services
Gross job gains	31,601	32,130	30,036	29,516	31,927	5.6	5.6	5.3	5.2	5.5
At expanding establishments	22,917	25,559	22,792	22,853	24,578	4.1	4.5	4.0	4.0	4.2
At opening establishments	8,684	6,571	7,244	6,663	7,349	1.5	1.1	1.3	1.2	1.3
Gross job losses	25,989	24,886	29,111	24,226	26,470	4.6	4.4	5.0	4.2	4.5
At contracting establishments	19,861	18,656	19,227	17,927	21,061	3.5	3.3	3.3	3.1	3.6
At closing establishments	6,128	6,230	9,884	6,299	5,409	1.1	1.1	1.7	1.1	0.9
Net employment change (2)	5,612	7,244	925	5,290	5,457	1.0	1.2	0.3	1.0	1.0
Leisure and hospitality
Gross job gains	33,098	33,224	39,192	31,492	33,014	8.0	8.1	9.4	7.4	7.9
At expanding establishments	26,129	26,488	32,018	24,706	26,086	6.3	6.5	7.7	5.8	6.2
At opening establishments	6,969	6,736	7,174	6,786	6,928	1.7	1.6	1.7	1.6	1.7
Gross job losses	38,357	38,585	27,776	34,061	36,172	9.2	9.4	6.7	8.0	8.6
At contracting establishments	31,505	32,389	22,941	28,084	31,553	7.6	7.9	5.5	6.6	7.5
At closing establishments	6,852	6,196	4,835	5,977	4,619	1.6	1.5	1.2	1.4	1.1
Net employment change (2)	-5,259	-5,361	11,416	-2,569	-3,158	-1.2	-1.3	2.7	-0.6	-0.7
Other services (3)
Gross job gains	8,769	8,524	8,438	8,369	9,466	6.8	6.6	6.6	6.5	7.3
At expanding establishments	6,434	6,413	6,155	6,471	6,755	5.0	5.0	4.8	5.0	5.2
At opening establishments	2,335	2,111	2,283	1,898	2,711	1.8	1.6	1.8	1.5	2.1
Gross job losses	8,819	8,834	8,573	8,153	8,339	6.8	6.9	6.7	6.4	6.4
At contracting establishments	6,596	6,672	6,321	6,148	6,520	5.1	5.2	4.9	4.8	5.0
At closing establishments	2,223	2,162	2,252	2,005	1,819	1.7	1.7	1.8	1.6	1.4
Net employment change (2)	-50	-310	-135	216	1,127	0.0	-0.3	-0.1	0.1	0.9
Footnotes: (1) Includes unclassified sector not shown separately. (2) The net employment change is the difference between total gross job gains and total gross job losses. (3) Except public administration.

Table 2. Private-sector gross job gains and losses as a percent of total employment by state, seasonally adjusted

Category	Gross job gains as a percent of employment (3 months ended)					Gross job losses as a percent of employment (3 months ended)
	June 2024	Sept. 2024	Dec. 2024	Mar. 2025	June 2025	June 2024	Sept. 2024	Dec. 2024	Mar. 2025	June 2025
United States(1)	5.8	5.8	5.9	5.6	5.7	5.9	5.8	5.7	5.4	6.0
Alabama	5.6	5.8	5.8	5.3	5.5	5.6	5.9	5.3	5.6	5.6
Alaska	10.2	8.0	10.3	10.0	9.9	9.6	9.6	9.5	8.1	10.3
Arizona	5.6	6.4	6.1	5.8	5.3	6.5	5.7	5.9	5.3	6.3
Arkansas	5.3	5.5	5.8	5.1	5.1	5.7	5.2	4.8	5.1	5.5
California	6.2	6.3	6.7	6.0	6.6	6.9	6.2	6.4	6.2	6.7
Colorado	6.6	6.3	6.2	6.2	6.4	5.8	6.4	6.5	6.8	7.1
Connecticut	5.8	5.5	5.5	5.6	5.8	5.5	5.6	5.5	5.3	5.8
Delaware	5.8	6.8	6.1	5.9	5.9	6.5	6.4	6.3	5.3	6.1
District of Columbia	5.1	4.9	5.0	4.8	5.7	5.4	5.0	5.5	5.8	5.9
Florida	6.1	6.5	6.0	5.8	5.7	5.8	5.7	6.2	5.5	5.8
Georgia	5.9	5.8	6.0	5.5	5.5	5.7	6.1	5.4	5.7	5.6
Hawaii	5.2	5.7	5.3	4.9	4.8	5.6	5.0	5.0	5.0	5.2
Idaho	7.5	7.1	8.2	7.3	7.7	7.2	7.5	6.8	7.3	7.2
Illinois	5.1	4.9	5.1	5.0	5.2	5.1	5.0	5.1	5.0	5.2
Indiana	5.2	5.3	5.5	5.4	5.0	5.5	5.3	5.1	5.2	5.6
Iowa	5.6	5.3	5.6	5.8	5.6	5.8	6.0	5.6	5.5	5.8
Kansas	5.9	5.3	5.9	5.5	5.4	5.6	5.6	5.2	5.4	6.3
Kentucky	5.3	5.4	5.3	5.2	5.0	5.8	5.4	5.5	4.8	5.4
Louisiana	5.8	6.1	6.2	5.6	5.5	6.2	5.8	5.5	5.6	6.3
Maine	7.2	6.2	7.0	7.4	7.2	7.1	7.1	7.1	6.3	7.4
Maryland	7.1	5.9	6.0	5.9	5.7	5.9	6.1	5.9	5.7	6.2
Massachusetts	5.7	5.0	5.3	5.0	5.5	5.6	5.8	5.5	5.1	5.8
Michigan	5.7	5.3	5.4	5.2	5.8	5.4	5.8	5.9	5.3	5.5
Minnesota	5.7	5.1	5.5	5.1	5.8	5.2	5.8	5.1	5.5	5.5
Mississippi	5.7	6.3	6.3	5.7	6.3	6.3	5.7	6.2	6.1	6.5
Missouri	5.6	5.6	5.7	5.4	5.5	5.8	5.8	5.3	5.2	6.1
Montana	7.9	7.2	8.4	8.0	7.7	7.6	8.0	7.8	7.5	8.3
Nebraska	5.5	5.6	5.6	5.2	5.4	5.6	5.6	5.5	5.3	5.5
Nevada	5.8	6.2	6.1	5.4	6.2	5.8	5.9	5.6	5.9	6.3
New Hampshire	6.1	5.6	6.3	6.5	6.3	6.0	6.7	5.9	6.1	6.7
New Jersey	5.9	5.4	6.0	5.6	5.8	5.5	5.8	5.5	5.4	5.5
New Mexico	6.1	6.3	6.1	5.9	5.9	6.5	6.2	5.9	5.8	6.0
New York	5.8	5.7	5.7	6.6	5.9	5.5	5.8	5.5	5.0	7.0
North Carolina	5.6	5.5	6.1	5.4	5.6	5.5	5.8	5.5	5.5	5.4
North Dakota	6.6	6.5	6.5	6.7	6.4	6.6	6.5	6.6	6.5	6.7
Ohio	5.2	5.2	5.4	5.2	5.3	5.3	5.4	5.1	4.9	5.4
Oklahoma	5.7	6.1	6.0	5.5	5.5	6.4	5.5	5.5	5.3	6.2
Oregon	6.0	6.3	6.2	5.8	6.4	6.3	6.6	6.6	6.2	6.5
Pennsylvania	4.9	5.1	5.2	5.0	4.9	5.2	5.0	4.8	4.7	5.2
Rhode Island	6.6	6.2	7.3	6.6	6.3	6.7	6.4	6.3	5.9	6.7
South Carolina	6.1	6.2	6.4	6.1	5.8	6.0	5.9	5.9	5.5	6.6
South Dakota	6.0	5.9	6.7	6.2	6.0	6.2	5.9	5.9	6.5	6.1
Tennessee	5.5	5.6	5.5	5.4	5.1	5.6	5.7	6.2	5.1	5.9
Texas	5.4	5.7	5.8	5.1	5.2	5.3	5.3	5.2	5.1	5.4
Utah	6.5	6.8	6.8	6.6	6.6	6.9	6.2	6.3	6.0	6.6
Vermont	6.7	6.6	6.7	6.9	6.9	7.4	7.1	6.7	6.8	7.5
Virginia	5.6	5.8	5.8	5.6	5.8	5.7	5.7	5.5	5.1	5.8
Washington	5.9	5.8	5.8	5.7	6.0	5.6	5.8	5.7	5.5	5.4
West Virginia	7.0	5.9	6.5	6.4	5.5	6.7	6.6	6.1	5.7	6.3
Wisconsin	5.3	5.1	5.3	5.0	5.3	5.6	5.5	5.2	4.9	5.5
Wyoming	8.2	8.9	8.9	8.1	8.3	8.8	8.5	8.3	8.7	8.9
Puerto Rico	5.5	5.4	4.3	6.3	7.0	4.9	5.0	5.4	5.4	6.1
Virgin Islands	4.9	4.7	5.2	5.4	15.0	5.7	7.5	10.8	7.6	9.5
Footnotes (1) Totals for the United States do not include data for Puerto Rico or the Virgin Islands.