Workers in the Urban Honolulu, HI Metropolitan Statistical Area had an average (mean) hourly wage of $32.29 in May 2023, compared to the nationwide average of $31.48, the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics reported today. Regional Commissioner Chris Rosenlund noted that higher paying major occupational groups included healthcare practitioners and technical ($61.48), management ($59.79), and legal ($47.17). Lower paying occupations included food preparation and serving related ($18.80), personal care and service ($20.49), and building and grounds cleaning and maintenance ($20.86). (See table A.)

Occupational groups with the highest employment in the Urban Honolulu area included office and administrative support (13.2 percent), food preparation and serving related (12.0 percent), and transportation and material moving (8.2 percent). Major occupational groups on the lower end of local employment included legal (0.8 percent); life, physical, and social science (1.1 percent); and arts, design, entertainment, sports, and media (1.7 percent). (See table A.)

One occupational group—food preparation and serving related—was chosen to illustrate the diversity of data available for any of the 22 major occupational categories. Urban Honolulu had 52,840 jobs in food preparation and serving related, accounting for 12.0 percent of local area employment, compared to the 8.7-percent share nationally. The average hourly wage for this occupational group locally was $18.80, compared to the national wage of $16.58.

Some of the larger detailed occupations within the food preparation and serving related group included fast food and counter workers (16,900), waiters and waitresses (8,710), and restaurant cooks (7,500). Among the higher-paying jobs in this group were chefs and head cooks and bartenders, with mean hourly wages of $47.22 and $24.12, respectively. At the lower end of the wage scale were fast food and counter workers ($14.68) and fast food cooks ($15.81). (Detailed data for the food preparation and serving related occupations are presented in table 1; for a complete listing of detailed occupations available go to www.bls.gov/oes/current/oes_46520.htm.)

Location quotients allow us to explore the occupational make-up of a metropolitan area by comparing the composition of jobs in an area relative to the national average. (See table 1.) For example, a location quotient of 2.0 indicates that an occupation accounts for twice the share of employment in the area than it does nationally. In the Urban Honolulu area, above-average concentrations of employment were found in many of the occupations within the food preparation and serving related group. For instance, dining room and cafeteria attendants and bartender helpers were employed at 2.2 times the national rate in Urban Honolulu, and restaurant cooks, at 1.8 times the U.S. average. Bartenders had a location quotient of 1.0 in Urban Honolulu, indicating that this particular occupation’s local and national employment shares were similar.

The statistics in this release are from the Occupational Employment and Wage Statistics (OEWS) survey, a cooperative effort between BLS and the State Workforce Agencies (SWAs). BLS funds the survey and provides the procedures and technical support. State Workforce Agencies collect most of the data: in this case, the Hawaii Department of Labor & Industrial Relations.

Technical Note

The Occupational Employment and Wage Statistics (OEWS) survey is a semiannual survey measuring occupational employment and wage rates for wage and salary workers in nonfarm establishments in the United States. The OEWS data available from BLS include cross-industry occupational employment and wage estimates for the nation; over 580 areas, including states and the District of Columbia, metropolitan statistical areas (MSAs), nonmetropolitan areas, and territories; national industry-specific estimates at the NAICS sector, 3-digit, most 4-digit, and selected 5- and 6-digit industry levels; and national estimates by ownership across all industries and for schools and hospitals. Full OEWS data tables are available online.

Additional information about the OEWS estimates and methodology are available in the national Technical Notes. The overall national response rate for the six panels, based on the 50 states and the District of Columbia, is 65.8 percent based on establishments and 64.3 percent based on weighted sampled employment. The sample in the Urban Honolulu, HI Metropolitan Statistical Area included 2,944 establishments with a response rate of 70 percent.

Metropolitan area definitions

The substate area data published in this release reflect the standards and definitions established by the U.S. Office of Management and Budget.

The Urban Honolulu, HI Metropolitan Statistical Area includes Honolulu County.

For more information

Answers to frequently asked questions about the OEWS data, as well as general program documentation, are available on the OEWS website.

Information in this release will be made available to individuals with sensory impairments upon request. Voice phone: (202) 691-5200; Telecommunications Relay Service: 7-1-1.

Table 1. Employment and wage data for food preparation and serving related occupations, Urban Honolulu metropolitan area, May 2023

Occupation (1)	Employment		Mean wages ($)
	Level (2)	Location quotient (3)	Hourly	Annual (4)
Food preparation and serving related occupations	52,840	1.4	18.80	39,110
Chefs and head cooks	330	0.7	47.22	98,220
First-line supervisors of food preparation and serving workers	5,300	1.6	22.86	47,550
Cooks, fast food	650	0.3	15.81	32,890
Cooks, institution and cafeteria	740	0.6	21.30	44,310
Cooks, restaurant	7,500	1.8	20.67	43,000
Cooks, short order	(5)	(5)	19.46	40,470
Cooks, all other	130	2.4	17.57	36,550
Food preparation workers	2,870	1.1	18.11	37,670
Bartenders	2,060	1.0	24.12	50,180
Fast food and counter workers	16,900	1.6	14.68	30,530
Waiters and waitresses	8,710	1.4	20.82	43,310
Food servers, nonrestaurant	440	0.6	18.56	38,610
Dining room and cafeteria attendants and bartender helpers	3,010	2.2	18.65	38,790
Dishwashers	2,040	1.5	18.00	37,440
Hosts and hostesses, restaurant, lounge, and coffee shop	1,340	1.1	19.22	39,980
Footnotes: (1) For a complete listing of all detailed occupations in the Urban Honolulu, HI Metropolitan Statistical Area, see www.bls.gov/oes/current/oes_46520.htm. (2) Estimates for detailed occupations may not sum to the totals due to rounding, and because the totals may include occupations that are not shown separately. Estimates do not include self-employed workers. (3) The location quotient is the ratio of the area concentration of occupational employment to the national average concentration. A location quotient greater than one indicates the occupation has a higher share of employment than average, and a location quotient less than one indicates the occupation is less prevalent in the area than average. (4) Annual wages have been calculated by multiplying the hourly mean wage by a 'year-round, full-time' hours figure of 2,080 hours; for those occupations where there is not an hourly mean wage published, the annual wage has been directly calculated from the reported survey data. (5) Estimate not released.