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News Release Information

23-1058-SAN
Thursday, June 08, 2023

Contacts Technical information: Media contact:
  • (415) 625-2270

Occupational Employment and Wages in San Diego-Carlsbad — May 2022

Workers in the San Diego-Carlsbad, CA Metropolitan Statistical Area had an average (mean) hourly wage of $34.17 in May 2022, 15 percent above the nationwide average of $29.76, the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics reported today. Regional Commissioner Chris Rosenlund noted that, after testing for statistical significance, wages in the local area were higher than their respective national averages in 20 of the 22 major occupational groups, including healthcare practitioners and technical, management, and legal.

When compared to the nationwide distribution, San Diego area employment was more highly concentrated in 13 of the 22 occupational groups, including food preparation and serving related; architecture and engineering; and life, physical, and social science. Seven groups had employment shares significantly below their national representation, including transportation and material moving, office and administrative support, and production. (See table A.)

Table A. Occupational employment and wages by major occupational group, United States and the San Diego metropolitan area, and measures of statistical significance, May 2022
Major occupational group Percent of total employment Mean hourly wage
United States San Diego United States San Diego Percent difference (1)

Total, all occupations

100.0 100.0 $29.76 $34.17* 15

Management

6.7 7.5* 63.08 71.91* 14

Business and financial operations

6.5 7.3* 41.39 42.53* 3

Computer and mathematical

3.4 3.8* 51.99 57.63* 11

Architecture and engineering

1.7 2.8* 45.52 52.58* 16

Life, physical, and social science

0.9 1.8* 40.21 44.46* 11

Community and social service

1.6 1.9* 26.81 28.80* 7

Legal

0.8 0.9* 59.87 67.81* 13

Educational instruction and library

5.7 5.7 30.41 35.94* 18

Arts, design, entertainment, sports, and media

1.4 1.5 36.78 37.80 3

Healthcare practitioners and technical

6.1 5.6* 46.52 57.72* 24

Healthcare support

4.6 5.1* 17.10 18.94* 11

Protective service

2.3 2.4* 25.97 29.55* 14

Food preparation and serving related

8.5 9.8* 15.45 17.58* 14

Building and grounds cleaning and maintenance

2.9 3.3* 17.26 19.28* 12

Personal care and service

1.9 2.4* 17.41 19.91* 14

Sales and related

8.9 8.3* 24.22 26.41* 9

Office and administrative support

12.6 11.1* 21.90 24.25* 11

Farming, fishing, and forestry

0.3 0.2* 18.21 19.39* 6

Construction and extraction

4.1 4.4* 28.08 32.49* 16

Installation, maintenance, and repair

3.9 3.1* 26.77 29.27* 9

Production

5.9 4.6* 21.81 23.24* 7

Transportation and material moving

9.2 6.5* 21.12 21.14 0

Footnotes:
(1) A positive percent difference measures how much the mean wage in the San Diego-Carlsbad, CA Metropolitan Statistical Area is above the national mean wage, while a negative difference reflects a lower wage.
* The mean hourly wage or percent share of employment is significantly different from the national average of all areas at the 90-percent confidence level.

One occupational group—food preparation and serving related—was chosen to illustrate the diversity of data available for any of the 22 major occupational categories. San Diego had 146,450 jobs in food preparation and serving related, accounting for 9.8 percent of local area employment, significantly higher than the 8.5-percent share nationally. The average hourly wage for this occupational group locally was $17.58, significantly above the national wage of $15.45.

Some of the larger detailed occupations within the food preparation and serving related group included fast food and counter workers (34,330), waiters and waitresses (23,250), and first-line supervisors of food preparation and serving workers (14,540). Among the higher-paying jobs in this group were chefs and head cooks and first-line supervisors of food preparation and serving workers, with mean hourly wages of $31.54 and $20.73, respectively. At the lower end of the wage scale were dining room and cafeteria attendants and bartender helpers ($15.86) and fast food and counter workers ($16.37). (Detailed data for the food preparation and serving related occupations are presented in table 1; for a complete listing of detailed occupations available go to www.bls.gov/oes/current/oes_41740.htm.)

Location quotients allow us to explore the occupational make-up of a metropolitan area by comparing the composition of jobs in an area relative to the national average. (See table 1.) For example, a location quotient of 2.0 indicates that an occupation accounts for twice the share of employment in the area than it does nationally. In the San Diego area, above-average concentrations of employment were found in some of the occupations within the food preparation and serving related group. For instance, fast food cooks were employed at 2.0 times the national rate in San Diego, and dining room and cafeteria attendants and bartender helpers, at 1.6 times the U.S. average. Fast food and counter workers had a location quotient of 1.0 in San Diego, indicating that this particular occupation’s local and national employment shares were similar.

These statistics are from the Occupational Employment and Wage Statistics (OEWS) survey, a federal-state cooperative program between BLS and State Workforce Agencies, in this case, the California Employment Development Department.

Changes to the Occupational Employment and Wage Statistics (OEWS) Data

The May 2022 OEWS estimates use the model-based (MB3) estimation method implemented with the May 2021 estimates release. Additional updates were made to the MB3 wage processing methodology for May 2022. For more information, see the May 2022 Survey Methods and Reliability Statement.

The May 2022 estimates are the first OEWS estimates to be produced using the 2022 NAICS, which replaces the 2017 NAICS used for the May 2017-May 2021 estimates. See North American Industry Classification System (NAICS) at BLS for details.


Technical Note

The Occupational Employment and Wage Statistics (OEWS) survey is a semiannual survey measuring occupational employment and wage rates for wage and salary workers in nonfarm establishments in the United States. The OEWS data available from BLS include cross-industry occupational employment and wage estimates for the nation; over 580 areas, including states and the District of Columbia, metropolitan statistical areas (MSAs), nonmetropolitan areas, and territories; national industry-specific estimates at the NAICS sector, 3-digit, most 4-digit, and selected 5- and 6-digit industry levels, and national estimates by ownership across all industries and for schools and hospitals. OEWS data are available at www.bls.gov/oes/tables.htm.

The OEWS survey is a cooperative effort between BLS and the State Workforce Agencies (SWAs). BLS funds the survey and provides the procedures and technical support, while the State Workforce Agencies collect most of the data. OEWS estimates are constructed from a sample of about 1.1 million establishments. Each year, two semiannual panels of approximately 179,000 to 187,000 sampled establishments are contacted, one panel in May and the other in November. Responses are obtained by Internet or other electronic means, mail, email, telephone, or personal visit. The May 2022 estimates are based on responses from six semiannual panels collected over a 3-year period: May 2022, November 2021, May 2021, November 2020, May 2020, and November 2019. The unweighted sampled employment of 80 million across all six semiannual panels represents approximately 57 percent of total national employment. The overall national response rate for the six panels, based on the 50 states and the District of Columbia, is 65.4 percent based on establishments and 62.5 percent based on weighted sampled employment. The sample in the San Diego-Carlsbad, CA Metropolitan Statistical Area included 6,079 establishments with a response rate of 52 percent. For more information about OEWS concepts and methodology, go to www.bls.gov/oes/current/oes_tec.htm.

A value that is statistically different from another does not necessarily mean that the difference has economic or practical significance. Statistical significance is concerned with the ability to make confident statements about a universe based on a sample. It is entirely possible that a large difference between two values is not significantly different statistically, while a small difference is, since both the size and heterogeneity of the sample affect the relative error of the data being tested.

Metropolitan area definitions

The substate area data published in this release reflect the standards and definitions established by the U.S. Office of Management and Budget.

The San Diego-Carlsbad, CA Metropolitan Statistical Area includes San Diego County.

For more information

Answers to frequently asked questions about the OEWS data are available at www.bls.gov/oes/oes_ques.htm. Detailed information about the OEWS program is available at www.bls.gov/oes/oes_doc.htm.

Information in this release will be made available to individuals with sensory impairments upon request. Voice phone: (202) 691-5200; Telecommunications Relay Service: 7-1-1.

Table 1. Employment and wage data for food preparation and serving related occupations, San Diego metropolitan area, May 2022
Occupation (1) Employment Mean wages
Level (2) Location quotient (3) Hourly Annual (4)

Food preparation and serving related occupations

146,450 1.2 $17.58 $36,570

Chefs and head cooks

1,990 1.2 31.54 65,590

First-line supervisors of food preparation and serving workers

14,540 1.2 20.73 43,110

Cooks, fast food

14,320 2.0 16.61 34,560

Cooks, institution and cafeteria

1,820 0.4 20.05 41,700

Cooks, restaurant

14,360 1.1 18.75 39,000

Cooks, short order

1,150 0.9 18.16 37,780

Cooks, all other

290 1.6 19.93 41,460

Food preparation workers

10,900 1.2 16.81 34,960

Bartenders

6,580 1.1 16.88 35,100

Fast food and counter workers

34,330 1.0 16.37 34,060

Waiters and waitresses

23,250 1.1 17.49 36,380

Food servers, nonrestaurant

2,330 0.9 17.22 35,820

Dining room and cafeteria attendants and bartender helpers

7,260 1.6 15.86 32,980

Dishwashers

5,690 1.3 16.67 34,680

Hosts and hostesses, restaurant, lounge, and coffee shop

5,250 1.3 16.37 34,050

Food preparation and serving related workers, all other

2,370 2.9 17.20 35,770

Footnotes:
(1) For a complete listing of all detailed occupations in the San Diego-Carlsbad, CA Metropolitan Statistical Area, see www.bls.gov/oes/current/oes_41740.htm.
(2) Estimates for detailed occupations may not sum to the totals due to rounding, and because the totals may include occupations that are not shown separately. Estimates do not include self-employed workers.
(3) The location quotient is the ratio of the area concentration of occupational employment to the national average concentration. A location quotient greater than one indicates the occupation has a higher share of employment than average, and a location quotient less than one indicates the occupation is less prevalent in the area than average.
(4) Annual wages have been calculated by multiplying the hourly mean wage by a 'year-round, full-time' hours figure of 2,080 hours; for those occupations where there is not an hourly mean wage published, the annual wage has been directly calculated from the reported survey data.

 

Last Modified Date: Thursday, June 08, 2023