Top
U.S. flag

An official website of the United States government

Department of Labor Logo United States Department of Labor
Dot gov

The .gov means it's official.
Federal government websites often end in .gov or .mil. Before sharing sensitive information, make sure you're on a federal government site.

Https

The site is secure.
The https:// ensures that you are connecting to the official website and that any information you provide is encrypted and transmitted securely.

Occupational Employment and Wage Statistics

Occupational Employment and Wages, May 2023

45-2092 Farmworkers and Laborers, Crop, Nursery, and Greenhouse

Manually plant, cultivate, and harvest vegetables, fruits, nuts, horticultural specialties, and field crops. Use hand tools, such as shovels, trowels, hoes, tampers, pruning hooks, shears, and knives. Duties may include tilling soil and applying fertilizers; transplanting, weeding, thinning, or pruning crops; applying pesticides; or cleaning, grading, sorting, packing, and loading harvested products. May construct trellises, repair fences and farm buildings, or participate in irrigation activities. Excludes “Pesticide Handlers, Sprayers, and Applicators, Vegetation” (37-3012), “Graders and Sorters, Agricultural Products” (45-2041), and “Forest, Conservation, and Logging Workers” (45-4011 through 45-4029).

National estimates for Farmworkers and Laborers, Crop, Nursery, and Greenhouse
Industry profile for Farmworkers and Laborers, Crop, Nursery, and Greenhouse
Geographic profile for Farmworkers and Laborers, Crop, Nursery, and Greenhouse

National estimates for Farmworkers and Laborers, Crop, Nursery, and Greenhouse:

Employment estimate and mean wage estimates for Farmworkers and Laborers, Crop, Nursery, and Greenhouse:

Employment (1) Employment
RSE (3) 		Mean hourly
wage		 Mean annual
wage (2) 		Wage RSE (3)
258,730 1.1 % $ 17.37 $ 36,140 0.6 %

Percentile wage estimates for Farmworkers and Laborers, Crop, Nursery, and Greenhouse:

Percentile 10% 25% 50%
(Median) 		75% 90%
Hourly Wage $ 14.71 $ 15.86 $ 16.57 $ 17.79 $ 21.16
Annual Wage (2) $ 30,590 $ 32,980 $ 34,470 $ 37,010 $ 44,010

Industry profile for Farmworkers and Laborers, Crop, Nursery, and Greenhouse:

Industries with the highest published employment and wages for Farmworkers and Laborers, Crop, Nursery, and Greenhouse are provided. For a list of all industries with employment in Farmworkers and Laborers, Crop, Nursery, and Greenhouse, see the Create Customized Tables function.

Industries with the highest levels of employment in Farmworkers and Laborers, Crop, Nursery, and Greenhouse:

Industry Employment (1) Percent of industry employment Hourly mean wage Annual mean wage (2)
Support Activities for Crop Production 189,240 56.10 $ 17.25 $ 35,880
Merchant Wholesalers, Nondurable Goods (4241, 4247, and 4249 only) 14,890 2.73 $ 17.23 $ 35,830
Lawn and Garden Equipment and Supplies Retailers 13,310 6.88 $ 16.75 $ 34,840
Employment Services 6,330 0.17 $ 16.69 $ 34,710
Beverage Manufacturing 5,650 1.78 $ 19.30 $ 40,130

Industries with the highest concentration of employment in Farmworkers and Laborers, Crop, Nursery, and Greenhouse:

Industry Employment (1) Percent of industry employment Hourly mean wage Annual mean wage (2)
Support Activities for Crop Production 189,240 56.10 $ 17.25 $ 35,880
Lawn and Garden Equipment and Supplies Retailers 13,310 6.88 $ 16.75 $ 34,840
Merchant Wholesalers, Nondurable Goods (4241, 4247, and 4249 only) 14,890 2.73 $ 17.23 $ 35,830
Farm Product Raw Material Merchant Wholesalers 1,450 2.06 $ 19.08 $ 39,690
Beverage Manufacturing 5,650 1.78 $ 19.30 $ 40,130

Top paying industries for Farmworkers and Laborers, Crop, Nursery, and Greenhouse:

Industry Employment (1) Percent of industry employment Hourly mean wage Annual mean wage (2)
Water, Sewage and Other Systems 100 0.17 $ 23.04 $ 47,910
Junior Colleges 60 0.01 $ 22.82 $ 47,470
Other Schools and Instruction 80 0.02 $ 22.39 $ 46,560
Local Government, excluding Schools and Hospitals (OEWS Designation) 980 0.02 $ 22.39 $ 46,560
Health and Personal Care Retailers 50 (7) $ 21.82 $ 45,390

Geographic profile for Farmworkers and Laborers, Crop, Nursery, and Greenhouse:

States and areas with the highest published employment, location quotients, and wages for Farmworkers and Laborers, Crop, Nursery, and Greenhouse are provided. For a list of all areas with employment in Farmworkers and Laborers, Crop, Nursery, and Greenhouse, see the Create Customized Tables function.



Map of employment of farmworkers and laborers, crop, nursery, and greenhouse by state, May 2023


States with the highest employment level in Farmworkers and Laborers, Crop, Nursery, and Greenhouse:

State Employment (1) Employment per thousand jobs Location quotient (9) Hourly mean wage Annual mean wage (2)
California 171,620 9.56 5.61 $ 17.63 $ 36,670
Florida 10,980 1.15 0.67 $ 14.40 $ 29,960
Washington 8,280 2.37 1.39 $ 17.84 $ 37,110
Oregon 7,980 4.11 2.41 $ 16.88 $ 35,100
Arizona 6,470 2.07 1.21 $ 16.55 $ 34,420


Map of location quotient of farmworkers and laborers, crop, nursery, and greenhouse by state, May 2023


States with the highest concentration of jobs and location quotients in Farmworkers and Laborers, Crop, Nursery, and Greenhouse:

State Employment (1) Employment per thousand jobs Location quotient (9) Hourly mean wage Annual mean wage (2)
California 171,620 9.56 5.61 $ 17.63 $ 36,670
Oregon 7,980 4.11 2.41 $ 16.88 $ 35,100
Washington 8,280 2.37 1.39 $ 17.84 $ 37,110
Idaho 1,940 2.36 1.38 $ 15.63 $ 32,510
New Mexico 1,890 2.24 1.31 $ 14.83 $ 30,850


Map of annual mean wages of farmworkers and laborers, crop, nursery, and greenhouse by state, May 2023


Top paying states for Farmworkers and Laborers, Crop, Nursery, and Greenhouse:

State Employment (1) Employment per thousand jobs Location quotient (9) Hourly mean wage Annual mean wage (2)
District of Columbia (8) (8) (8) $ 20.63 $ 42,910
Massachusetts 1,210 0.33 0.20 $ 20.05 $ 41,700
Vermont 140 0.46 0.27 $ 19.79 $ 41,160
Colorado 2,150 0.76 0.45 $ 19.54 $ 40,640
Montana 400 0.80 0.47 $ 19.32 $ 40,190



Map of employment of farmworkers and laborers, crop, nursery, and greenhouse by area, May 2023


Metropolitan areas with the highest employment level in Farmworkers and Laborers, Crop, Nursery, and Greenhouse:

Metropolitan area Employment (1) Employment per thousand jobs Location quotient (9) Hourly mean wage Annual mean wage (2)
Bakersfield, CA 36,890 111.69 65.55 $ 16.49 $ 34,300
Salinas, CA 25,020 137.90 80.94 $ 18.41 $ 38,300
Visalia-Porterville, CA 21,100 125.08 73.41 $ 17.42 $ 36,230
Fresno, CA 18,360 44.91 26.36 $ 16.86 $ 35,060
Santa Maria-Santa Barbara, CA 12,200 60.28 35.38 $ 18.05 $ 37,530
Madera, CA 7,390 143.69 84.33 $ 16.78 $ 34,890
Miami-Fort Lauderdale-West Palm Beach, FL 4,790 1.76 1.03 $ 14.26 $ 29,670
Riverside-San Bernardino-Ontario, CA 4,650 2.80 1.64 $ 17.41 $ 36,210
Oxnard-Thousand Oaks-Ventura, CA 4,470 14.17 8.31 $ 17.59 $ 36,580
Merced, CA 4,310 55.22 32.41 $ 17.28 $ 35,940


Map of location quotient of farmworkers and laborers, crop, nursery, and greenhouse by area, May 2023


Metropolitan areas with the highest concentration of jobs and location quotients in Farmworkers and Laborers, Crop, Nursery, and Greenhouse:

Metropolitan area Employment (1) Employment per thousand jobs Location quotient (9) Hourly mean wage Annual mean wage (2)
Madera, CA 7,390 143.69 84.33 $ 16.78 $ 34,890
Salinas, CA 25,020 137.90 80.94 $ 18.41 $ 38,300
Visalia-Porterville, CA 21,100 125.08 73.41 $ 17.42 $ 36,230
Bakersfield, CA 36,890 111.69 65.55 $ 16.49 $ 34,300
Santa Maria-Santa Barbara, CA 12,200 60.28 35.38 $ 18.05 $ 37,530
El Centro, CA 3,780 60.10 35.27 $ 17.86 $ 37,140
Merced, CA 4,310 55.22 32.41 $ 17.28 $ 35,940
Yuma, AZ 3,310 49.85 29.26 $ 15.21 $ 31,630
Fresno, CA 18,360 44.91 26.36 $ 16.86 $ 35,060
Napa, CA 3,230 41.48 24.35 $ 20.78 $ 43,210