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Bureau of Labor Statistics > Occupational Requirements Survey > Publications > Factsheets

Management occupations

Four workers brainstorming at a table This occupational group includes chief executives, general and operations managers, advertising and promotions managers, construction, administrative services managers, financial managers, industrial production managers, transportation managers, storage managers, distribution managers, compensation and benefits managers, human resources managers, training managers, development managers, and education administrators.

For terms and definitions in this profile, see definitions of major terms.

Cognitive and mental requirements

The qualifications that workers need to use judgment, make decisions, interact with others, and adapt to changes in jobs.

In 2025, work was controlled by people for 11.5 percent of management workers. Work was self-paced for 88.5 percent.

Table 1. Percentage of management workers with cognitive and mental requirements, 2025
Requirement	Yes	No
Work schedule varies	28.0	72.0
Ability to pause work (and take brief unscheduled breaks)	97.0	3.0
Working around crowds	1.1	98.9
Telework routinely allowed	34.5	65.5
Supervising others	94.7	5.3
Supervisor present in immediate work area	27.1	72.9
Source: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, Occupational Requirements Survey

Education, training, and experience requirements

The minimum level of formal education required, credentials necessary, on-the-job training, and prior work experience necessary for average performance in jobs. The time associated with these requirements is combined to calculate the specific vocational preparation level needed for the job.

In 2025, prior work experience was required for 97.0 percent of management workers and on-the-job training was required for 53.4 percent.

A bachelor's degree was required for 51.5 percent of management workers.

Environmental conditions

The various hazards or difficulties that are in the area where workers perform their critical tasks.

In 2025, a quiet noise exposure was present for 23.4 percent of management workers. Another 76.1 percent were exposed to moderate noise, 0.5 percent were exposed to loud noise, and less than 0.5 percent to very loud noise. Personal protective equipment (PPE) was used by 5.2 percent of workers to mitigate noise exposure and was not used by 94.8 percent.

Physical demands

The physical activities required to perform tasks in jobs. The presence and, in some cases, duration of these activities are published.

In 2025, speaking was required for greater than 99.5 percent of management workers and was not required for less than 0.5 percent. For less than 0.5 percent of workers, speaking was seldom required, for 42.3 percent speaking was occasionally required, for 57.1 percent speaking was frequently required, and for 0.6 percent speaking was required constantly.

Performing work in low postures was required for 12.3 percent of management workers and was not required for 87.7 percent.

The choice to sit or stand when performing critical tasks was available to 90.5 percent of management workers. On average, workers spent 74.8 percent of the workday sitting and 25.2 percent of the workday standing.

Table 2. Percentage of management workers with physical demands, 2025
Requirement	Yes	No
Ability to choose to sit or stand for tasks	90.5	9.5
Driving	33.5	66.5
Climbing structure-related ramps or stairs	14.6	85.4
Source: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, Occupational Requirements Survey