Workers in the Atlantic City-Hammonton Metropolitan Statistical Area had an average (mean) hourly wage of $23.10 in May 2018, about 8 percent below the nationwide average of $24.98, according to the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics. Chief Regional Economist Martin Kohli noted that, after testing for statistical significance, wages in the local area were lower than their respective national averages in 5 of the 22 major occupational groups, including legal; sales and related; and life, physical, and social science. Five groups had significantly higher wages than their respective national averages, including construction and extraction; healthcare practitioners and technical; and education, training, and library.

When compared to the nationwide distribution, local employment was more highly concentrated in 6 of the 22 occupational groups, including food preparation and serving related; personal care and service; and building and grounds cleaning and maintenance. Conversely, 11 groups had employment shares significantly below their national representation, including production; office and administrative support; and transportation and material moving. (See table A and box note at end of release.)

One occupational group—business and financial operations—was chosen to illustrate the diversity of data available for any of the 22 major occupational categories. Atlantic City-Hammonton had 4,730 jobs in business and financial operations, accounting for 3.8 percent of local area employment, significantly lower than the 5.3-percent share nationally. The average hourly wage for this occupational group locally was $35.33, compared to the national wage of $36.98.

Some of the larger detailed occupations within the business and financial operations group included accountants and auditors (610), market research analysts and marketing specialists (330), and human resources specialists (280). Among the higher-paying jobs in this group were labor relations specialists and management analysts, with mean hourly wages of $51.41 and $40.45, respectively. At the lower end of the wage scale were meeting, convention, and event planners ($25.75) and human resources specialists ($29.37). (Detailed data for the business and financial operations occupations are presented in table 1; for a complete listing of detailed occupations available go to www.bls.gov/oes/current/oes_12100.htm .)

Location quotients allow us to explore the occupational make-up of a metropolitan area by comparing the composition of jobs in an area relative to the national average. (See table 1.) For example, a location quotient of 2.0 indicates that an occupation accounts for twice the share of employment in the area than it does nationally. In the Atlantic City-Hammonton Metropolitan Statistical Area, above-average concentrations of employment were found in some of the occupations within the business and financial operations group. For instance, meeting, convention, and event planners were employed at 1.6 times the national rate in Atlantic City. On the other hand, claims adjusters, examiners, and investigators had a location quotient of 1.0 in Atlantic City, indicating that this particular occupation’s local and national employment shares were similar.

These statistics are from the Occupational Employment Statistics (OES) survey, a federal-state cooperative program between BLS and State Workforce Agencies, in this case, the New Jersey Department of Labor and Workforce Development.

Technical Note

The Occupational Employment Statistics (OES) survey is a semiannual survey measuring occupational employment and wage rates for wage and salary workers in nonfarm establishments in the United States. The OES data available from BLS include cross-industry occupational employment and wage estimates for the nation; over 580 areas, including states and the District of Columbia, metropolitan statistical areas (MSAs), nonmetropolitan areas, and territories; national industry-specific estimates at the NAICS sector, 3-digit, most 4-digit, and selected 5- and 6-digit industry levels, and national estimates by ownership across all industries and for schools and hospitals. OES data are available at www.bls.gov/oes/tables.htm.

The OES survey is a cooperative effort between BLS and the State Workforce Agencies (SWAs). BLS funds the survey and provides the procedures and technical support, while the State Workforce Agencies collect most of the data. OES estimates are constructed from a sample of about 1.2 million establishments. Each year, two semiannual panels of approximately 180,000 to 200,000 sampled establishments are contacted, one panel in May and the other in November. Responses are obtained by mail, Internet or other electronic means, email, telephone, or personal visit. The May 2018 estimates are based on responses from six semiannual panels collected over a 3-year period: May 2018, November 2017, May 2017, November 2016, May 2016, and November 2015. The unweighted sample employment of 83 million across all six semiannual panels represents approximately 58 percent of total national employment. The overall national response rate for the six panels, based on the 50 states and the District of Columbia, is 71 percent based on establishments and 68 percent based on weighted sampled employment. The sample in the Atlantic City-Hammonton Metropolitan Statistical Area included 1,339 establishments with a response rate of 79 percent. For more information about OES concepts and methodology, go to www.bls.gov/oes/current/oes_tec.htm.

A value that is statistically different from another does not necessarily mean that the difference has economic or practical significance. Statistical significance is concerned with the ability to make confident statements about a universe based on a sample. It is entirely possible that a large difference between two values is not significantly different statistically, while a small difference is, since both the size and heterogeneity of the sample affect the relative error of the data being tested.

The May 2018 OES estimates are based on the 2010 Standard Occupational Classification (SOC) system and the 2017 North American Industry Classification System (NAICS). Information about the 2010 SOC is available on the BLS website at www.bls.gov/soc and information about the 2017 NAICS is available at www.bls.gov/bls/naics.htm.

Metropolitan area definitions

The substate area data published in this release reflect the standards and definitions established by the U.S. Office of Management and Budget.

The Atlantic City-Hammonton, N.J. Metropolitan Statistical Area consists of Atlantic County.

Additional information

OES data are available on our regional web page at www.bls.gov/regions/northeast. Answers to frequently asked questions about the OES data are available at www.bls.gov/oes/oes_ques.htm. Detailed technical information about the OES survey is available in our Survey Methods and Reliability Statement on the BLS website at www.bls.gov/oes/current/methods_statement.pdf.

Information in this release will be made available to sensory impaired individuals upon request. Voice phone: (202) 691-5200; Federal Relay Service: (800) 877-8339.

Table 1. Employment and wage data from the Occupational Employment Statistics survey, by occupation, Atlantic City-Hammonton Metropolitan Statistical Area, May 2018

Occupation (1)	Employment		Mean wages
	Level (2)	Location quotient (3)	Hourly	Annual (4)
Business and financial operations occupations	4,730	0.7	$35.33	$73,480
Buyers and purchasing agents	120	0.3	32.52	67,650
Claims adjusters, examiners, and investigators	250	1.0	36.11	75,110
Compliance officers	240	0.9	(5)	(5)
Cost estimators	170	0.9	37.38	77,750
Human resources specialists	280	0.5	29.37	61,090
Labor relations specialists	110	1.6	51.41	106,940
Logisticians	110	0.8	40.33	83,880
Management analysts	150	0.3	40.45	84,130
Meeting, convention, and event planners	160	1.6	25.75	53,560
Training and development specialists	160	0.6	31.77	66,090
Market research analysts and marketing specialists	330	0.6	36.09	75,060
Business operations specialists, all other	1,220	1.3	32.27	67,120
Accountants and auditors	610	0.6	34.96	72,720
Appraisers and assessors of real estate	40	0.8	33.13	68,910
Financial analysts	100	0.4	(5)	(5)
Personal financial advisors	50	0.3	(5)	(5)
Insurance underwriters	110	1.3	36.95	76,870
Loan officers	40	0.2	34.50	71,760
Tax examiners and collectors, and revenue agents	70	1.4	35.39	73,610
Financial specialists, all other	100	0.9	30.97	64,420
Footnotes: (1) For a complete listing of all detailed occupations in the Atlantic City-Hammonton, NJ Metropolitan Statistical Area, see www.bls.gov/oes/current/oes_12100.htm. (2) Estimates for detailed occupations do not sum to the totals because the totals include occupations not shown separately. Estimates do not include self-employed workers. (3) The location quotient is the ratio of the area concentration of occupational employment to the national average concentration. A location quotient greater than one indicates the occupation has a higher share of employment than average, and a location quotient less than one indicates the occupation is less prevalent in the area than average. (4) Annual wages have been calculated by multiplying the hourly mean wage by a "year-round, full-time" hours figure of 2,080 hours; for those occupations where there is not an hourly mean wage published, the annual wage has been directly calculated from the reported survey data. (5) Estimate not released.