Workers in the Lincoln, NE Metropolitan Statistical Area had an average (mean) hourly wage of $26.74 in May 2022, 10 percent below the nationwide average of $29.76, the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics reported today. Regional Commissioner Jason Palmer noted that, after testing for statistical significance, wages in the local area were lower than their respective national averages in 18 of the 22 major occupational groups, including legal; computer and mathematical; and arts, design, entertainment, sports, and media. Two groups had significantly higher wages than their respective national averages, including transportation and material moving.

When compared to the nationwide distribution, Lincoln area employment was more highly concentrated in 7 of the 22 occupational groups, including personal care and service, management, and construction and extraction. Eight groups had employment shares significantly below their national representation, including healthcare support, transportation and material moving, and protective service. (See table A.)

One occupational group—personal care and service—was chosen to illustrate the diversity of data available for any of the 22 major occupational categories. Lincoln had 5,190 jobs in personal care and service, accounting for 3.0 percent of local area employment, significantly higher than the 1.9-percent share nationally. The average hourly wage for this occupational group locally was $14.73, significantly below the national wage of $17.41.

Some of the larger detailed occupations within the personal care and service group included childcare workers (1,520), amusement and recreation attendants (1,120), and recreation workers (580). Among the higher-paying jobs in this group were first-line supervisors of entertainment and recreation workers, except gambling services and residential advisors, with mean hourly wages of $21.83 and $19.23, respectively. At the lower end of the wage scale were ushers, lobby attendants, and ticket takers ($11.35) and amusement and recreation attendants ($11.84). (Detailed data for the personal care and service occupations are presented in table 1; for a complete listing of detailed occupations available go to www.bls.gov/oes/current/oes_30700.htm.)

Location quotients allow us to explore the occupational make-up of a metropolitan area by comparing the composition of jobs in an area relative to the national average. (See table 1.) For example, a location quotient of 2.0 indicates that an occupation accounts for twice the share of employment in the area than it does nationally. In the Lincoln area, above-average concentrations of employment were found in many of the occupations within the personal care and service group. For instance, amusement and recreation attendants were employed at 2.9 times the national rate in Lincoln, and childcare workers, at 2.8 times the U.S. average. Hairdressers, hairstylists, and cosmetologists had a location quotient of 1.1 in Lincoln, indicating that this particular occupation’s local and national employment shares were similar.

These statistics are from the Occupational Employment and Wage Statistics (OEWS) survey, a federal-state cooperative program between BLS and State Workforce Agencies, in this case, the Nebraska Department of Labor.

Technical Note

The Occupational Employment and Wage Statistics (OEWS) survey is a semiannual survey measuring occupational employment and wage rates for wage and salary workers in nonfarm establishments in the United States. The OEWS data available from BLS include cross-industry occupational employment and wage estimates for the nation; over 580 areas, including states and the District of Columbia, metropolitan statistical areas (MSAs), nonmetropolitan areas, and territories; national industry-specific estimates at the NAICS sector, 3-digit, most 4-digit, and selected 5- and 6-digit industry levels, and national estimates by ownership across all industries and for schools and hospitals. OEWS data are available at www.bls.gov/oes/tables.htm.

The OEWS survey is a cooperative effort between BLS and the State Workforce Agencies (SWAs). BLS funds the survey and provides the procedures and technical support, while the State Workforce Agencies collect most of the data. OEWS estimates are constructed from a sample of about 1.1 million establishments. Each year, two semiannual panels of approximately 179,000 to 187,000 sampled establishments are contacted, one panel in May and the other in November. Responses are obtained by Internet or other electronic means, mail, email, telephone, or personal visit. The May 2022 estimates are based on responses from six semiannual panels collected over a 3-year period: May 2022, November 2021, May 2021, November 2020, May 2020, and November 2019. The unweighted sampled employment of 80 million across all six semiannual panels represents approximately 57 percent of total national employment. The overall national response rate for the six panels, based on the 50 states and the District of Columbia, is 65.4 percent based on establishments and 62.5 percent based on weighted sampled employment. The sample in the Lincoln, NE Metropolitan Statistical Area included 1,860 establishments with a response rate of 70 percent. For more information about OEWS concepts and methodology, go to www.bls.gov/oes/current/oes_tec.htm.

A value that is statistically different from another does not necessarily mean that the difference has economic or practical significance. Statistical significance is concerned with the ability to make confident statements about a universe based on a sample. It is entirely possible that a large difference between two values is not significantly different statistically, while a small difference is, since both the size and heterogeneity of the sample affect the relative error of the data being tested.

Metropolitan area definitions

The substate area data published in this release reflect the standards and definitions established by the U.S. Office of Management and Budget.

The Lincoln, NE Metropolitan Statistical Area includes Lancaster County and Seward County.

For more information

Answers to frequently asked questions about the OEWS data are available at www.bls.gov/oes/oes_ques.htm. Detailed information about the OEWS program is available at www.bls.gov/oes/oes_doc.htm.

Information in this release will be made available to individuals with sensory impairments upon request. Voice phone: (202) 691-5200; Telecommunications Relay Service: 7-1-1.

Table 1. Employment and wage data for personal care and service occupations, Lincoln metropolitan area, May 2022

Occupation (1)	Employment		Mean wages
	Level (2)	Location quotient (3)	Hourly	Annual (4)
Personal care and service occupations	5,190	1.6	$14.73	$30,630
First-line supervisors of entertainment and recreation workers, except gambling services	100	1.0	21.83	45,400
First-line supervisors of personal service workers	120	1.0	18.35	38,170
Animal caretakers	380	1.3	14.46	30,090
Gambling and sports book writers and runners	50	5.2	12.06	25,070
Ushers, lobby attendants, and ticket takers	60	0.5	11.35	23,600
Amusement and recreation attendants	1,120	2.9	11.84	24,640
Funeral attendants	60	1.5	17.58	36,560
Hairdressers, hairstylists, and cosmetologists	380	1.1	17.83	37,090
Skincare specialists	(5)	(5)	18.66	38,810
Childcare workers	1,520	2.8	13.98	29,070
Exercise trainers and group fitness instructors	480	1.6	18.41	38,290
Recreation workers	580	1.8	13.07	27,180
Residential advisors	80	0.8	19.23	40,000
Personal care and service workers, all other	70	1.0	14.03	29,170
Footnotes: (1) For a complete listing of all detailed occupations in the Lincoln, NE Metropolitan Statistical Area, see www.bls.gov/oes/current/oes_30700.htm. (2) Estimates for detailed occupations may not sum to the totals due to rounding, and because the totals may include occupations that are not shown separately. Estimates do not include self-employed workers. (3) The location quotient is the ratio of the area concentration of occupational employment to the national average concentration. A location quotient greater than one indicates the occupation has a higher share of employment than average, and a location quotient less than one indicates the occupation is less prevalent in the area than average. (4) Annual wages have been calculated by multiplying the hourly mean wage by a 'year-round, full-time' hours figure of 2,080 hours; for those occupations where there is not an hourly mean wage published, the annual wage has been directly calculated from the reported survey data. (5) Estimate not released.