Occupational Employment and Wage Statistics
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Occupational Employment and Wages, May 2023
51-3091 Food and Tobacco Roasting, Baking, and Drying Machine Operators and Tenders
Operate or tend food or tobacco roasting, baking, or drying equipment, including hearth ovens, kiln driers, roasters, char kilns, and vacuum drying equipment.
National estimates for Food and Tobacco Roasting, Baking, and Drying Machine Operators and Tenders
Industry profile for Food and Tobacco Roasting, Baking, and Drying Machine Operators and Tenders
Geographic profile for Food and Tobacco Roasting, Baking, and Drying Machine Operators and Tenders
National estimates for Food and Tobacco Roasting, Baking, and Drying Machine Operators and Tenders:
Employment estimate and mean wage estimates for Food and Tobacco Roasting, Baking, and Drying Machine Operators and Tenders:
| Employment (1) |
Employment
RSE (3) |
Mean hourly
wage |
Mean annual
wage (2) |
Wage RSE (3) |
| 19,570 |
3.9 % |
$ 20.39 |
$ 42,410 |
1.0 % |
Percentile wage estimates for Food and Tobacco Roasting, Baking, and Drying Machine Operators and Tenders:
| Percentile |
10% |
25% |
50%
(Median) |
75% |
90% |
| Hourly Wage |
$ 14.26 |
$ 16.70 |
$ 19.16 |
$ 23.31 |
$ 28.38 |
| Annual Wage (2) |
$ 29,650 |
$ 34,740 |
$ 39,850 |
$ 48,480 |
$ 59,020 |
Industry profile for Food and Tobacco Roasting, Baking, and Drying Machine Operators and Tenders:
Industries with the highest published employment and wages for Food and Tobacco Roasting, Baking, and Drying Machine Operators and Tenders are provided.
For a list of all industries with employment in Food and Tobacco Roasting, Baking, and Drying Machine Operators and Tenders, see the Create Customized Tables function.
Industries with the highest levels of employment in Food and Tobacco Roasting, Baking, and Drying Machine Operators and Tenders:
| Industry |
Employment (1) |
Percent of industry employment |
Hourly mean wage |
Annual mean wage (2) |
| Other Food Manufacturing |
4,570 |
1.76 |
$ 20.51 |
$ 42,660 |
| Animal Slaughtering and Processing |
3,000 |
0.55 |
$ 18.36 |
$ 38,180 |
| Bakeries and Tortilla Manufacturing |
2,720 |
0.82 |
$ 20.78 |
$ 43,230 |
| Fruit and Vegetable Preserving and Specialty Food Manufacturing |
2,340 |
1.37 |
$ 18.74 |
$ 38,980 |
| Restaurants and Other Eating Places |
1,320 |
0.01 |
$ 22.67 |
$ 47,160 |
Industries with the highest concentration of employment in Food and Tobacco Roasting, Baking, and Drying Machine Operators and Tenders:
Top paying industries for Food and Tobacco Roasting, Baking, and Drying Machine Operators and Tenders:
Geographic profile for Food and Tobacco Roasting, Baking, and Drying Machine Operators and Tenders:
States and areas with the highest published employment, location quotients, and wages for Food and Tobacco Roasting, Baking, and Drying Machine Operators and Tenders are provided.
For a list of all areas with employment in Food and Tobacco Roasting, Baking, and Drying Machine Operators and Tenders, see the Create Customized Tables function.
States with the highest employment level in Food and Tobacco Roasting, Baking, and Drying Machine Operators and Tenders:
| State |
Employment (1) |
Employment per thousand jobs |
Location quotient (9) |
Hourly mean wage |
Annual mean wage (2) |
| Texas |
1,270 |
0.09 |
0.73 |
$ 16.26 |
$ 33,820 |
| Tennessee |
1,240 |
0.39 |
2.99 |
$ 20.94 |
$ 43,550 |
| California |
1,220 |
0.07 |
0.53 |
$ 21.56 |
$ 44,850 |
| Minnesota |
1,120 |
0.39 |
3.01 |
$ 24.54 |
$ 51,040 |
| Missouri |
940 |
0.33 |
2.55 |
$ 16.69 |
$ 34,700 |
States with the highest concentration of jobs and location quotients in Food and Tobacco Roasting, Baking, and Drying Machine Operators and Tenders:
| State |
Employment (1) |
Employment per thousand jobs |
Location quotient (9) |
Hourly mean wage |
Annual mean wage (2) |
| Idaho |
580 |
0.71 |
5.50 |
$ 18.36 |
$ 38,180 |
| Nebraska |
510 |
0.51 |
3.94 |
$ 19.09 |
$ 39,710 |
| South Dakota |
170 |
0.39 |
3.04 |
$ 18.97 |
$ 39,460 |
| Iowa |
600 |
0.39 |
3.03 |
$ 21.14 |
$ 43,970 |
| Minnesota |
1,120 |
0.39 |
3.01 |
$ 24.54 |
$ 51,040 |
Top paying states for Food and Tobacco Roasting, Baking, and Drying Machine Operators and Tenders:
Metropolitan areas with the highest employment level in Food and Tobacco Roasting, Baking, and Drying Machine Operators and Tenders:
| Metropolitan area |
Employment (1) |
Employment per thousand jobs |
Location quotient (9) |
Hourly mean wage |
Annual mean wage (2) |
| Nashville-Davidson--Murfreesboro--Franklin, TN |
490 |
0.45 |
3.52 |
$ 22.21 |
$ 46,190 |
| New York-Newark-Jersey City, NY-NJ-PA |
410 |
0.04 |
0.33 |
$ 22.37 |
$ 46,520 |
| Minneapolis-St. Paul-Bloomington, MN-WI |
350 |
0.18 |
1.43 |
$ 23.75 |
$ 49,400 |
| Dallas-Fort Worth-Arlington, TX |
330 |
0.08 |
0.64 |
$ 16.86 |
$ 35,080 |
| Portland-Vancouver-Hillsboro, OR-WA |
320 |
0.27 |
2.07 |
$ 22.27 |
$ 46,320 |
| Seattle-Tacoma-Bellevue, WA |
280 |
0.14 |
1.06 |
$ 21.35 |
$ 44,400 |
| Los Angeles-Long Beach-Anaheim, CA |
280 |
0.05 |
0.35 |
$ 21.28 |
$ 44,270 |
| Detroit-Warren-Dearborn, MI |
280 |
0.15 |
1.14 |
$ 18.21 |
$ 37,870 |
| Chicago-Naperville-Elgin, IL-IN-WI |
270 |
0.06 |
0.47 |
$ 21.27 |
$ 44,240 |
| Boston-Cambridge-Nashua, MA-NH |
240 |
0.09 |
0.67 |
$ 22.39 |
$ 46,570 |
Metropolitan areas with the highest concentration of jobs and location quotients in Food and Tobacco Roasting, Baking, and Drying Machine Operators and Tenders:
| Metropolitan area |
Employment (1) |
Employment per thousand jobs |
Location quotient (9) |
Hourly mean wage |
Annual mean wage (2) |
| Owensboro, KY |
120 |
2.37 |
18.36 |
(8) |
(8) |
| Twin Falls, ID |
60 |
1.14 |
8.85 |
$ 20.78 |
$ 43,230 |
| Hanford-Corcoran, CA |
40 |
0.94 |
7.30 |
$ 21.13 |
$ 43,960 |
| Sioux Falls, SD |
120 |
0.70 |
5.41 |
$ 18.37 |
$ 38,210 |
| St. Joseph, MO-KS |
40 |
0.68 |
5.25 |
$ 20.60 |
$ 42,850 |
| Merced, CA |
40 |
0.56 |
4.33 |
$ 21.34 |
$ 44,380 |
| St. Cloud, MN |
50 |
0.49 |
3.78 |
$ 24.03 |
$ 49,990 |
| Nashville-Davidson--Murfreesboro--Franklin, TN |
490 |
0.45 |
3.52 |
$ 22.21 |
$ 46,190 |
| Omaha-Council Bluffs, NE-IA |
220 |
0.45 |
3.48 |
$ 20.43 |
$ 42,500 |
| Modesto, CA |
90 |
0.44 |
3.44 |
$ 23.57 |
$ 49,020 |
Top paying metropolitan areas for Food and Tobacco Roasting, Baking, and Drying Machine Operators and Tenders:
| Metropolitan area |
Employment (1) |
Employment per thousand jobs |
Location quotient (9) |
Hourly mean wage |
Annual mean wage (2) |
| Denver-Aurora-Lakewood, CO |
(8) |
(8) |
(8) |
$ 30.71 |
$ 63,870 |
| Cedar Rapids, IA |
40 |
0.27 |
2.06 |
$ 28.44 |
$ 59,150 |
| Colorado Springs, CO |
(8) |
(8) |
(8) |
$ 25.83 |
$ 53,730 |
| Sacramento--Roseville--Arden-Arcade, CA |
90 |
0.09 |
0.68 |
$ 25.17 |
$ 52,350 |
| Atlanta-Sandy Springs-Roswell, GA |
60 |
0.02 |
0.17 |
$ 24.90 |
$ 51,790 |
| San Francisco-Oakland-Hayward, CA |
90 |
0.04 |
0.30 |
$ 24.90 |
$ 51,790 |
| St. Cloud, MN |
50 |
0.49 |
3.78 |
$ 24.03 |
$ 49,990 |
| Minneapolis-St. Paul-Bloomington, MN-WI |
350 |
0.18 |
1.43 |
$ 23.75 |
$ 49,400 |
| Des Moines-West Des Moines, IA |
40 |
0.10 |
0.76 |
$ 23.64 |
$ 49,160 |
| Modesto, CA |
90 |
0.44 |
3.44 |
$ 23.57 |
$ 49,020 |
Nonmetropolitan areas with the highest employment in Food and Tobacco Roasting, Baking, and Drying Machine Operators and Tenders:
Nonmetropolitan areas with the highest concentration of jobs and location quotients in Food and Tobacco Roasting, Baking, and Drying Machine Operators and Tenders:
Top paying nonmetropolitan areas for Food and Tobacco Roasting, Baking, and Drying Machine Operators and Tenders:
About May 2023 National, State, Metropolitan, and Nonmetropolitan Area Occupational Employment and Wage Estimates
These estimates are calculated with data collected from employers in all industry sectors, all metropolitan and nonmetropolitan areas, and all states and the District of Columbia.
The top employment and wage figures are provided above. The complete list is available in the downloadable XLS files.
The percentile wage estimate is the value of a wage below which a certain percent of workers fall.
The median wage is the 50th percentile wage estimate—50 percent of workers earn less than the median and 50 percent of workers earn more than the median.
More about percentile wages.
(1) Estimates for detailed occupations do not sum to the totals because the totals include occupations not shown separately. Estimates do not include self-employed workers.
(2) Annual wages have been calculated by multiplying the hourly mean wage by a "year-round, full-time" hours figure of 2,080 hours;
for those occupations where there is not an hourly wage published, the annual wage has been directly calculated from the reported survey data.
(3) The relative standard error (RSE) is a measure of the reliability of a survey statistic. The smaller the relative standard error, the more precise the estimate.
(8) Estimate not released.
(9) The location quotient is the ratio of the area concentration of occupational employment to the national average concentration.
A location quotient greater than one indicates the occupation has a higher share of employment than average, and a location quotient less than one indicates the occupation is less prevalent in the area than average.
Other OEWS estimates and related information:
May 2023 National Occupational Employment and Wage Estimates
May 2023 State Occupational Employment and Wage Estimates
May 2023 Metropolitan and Nonmetropolitan Area Occupational Employment and Wage Estimates
May 2023 National Industry-Specific Occupational Employment and Wage Estimates
May 2023 Occupation Profiles
Technical Notes
Last Modified Date: April 3, 2024
United States Department of Labor
