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News Release Information

19-535-CHI
Friday, July 19, 2019

Contacts Technical information: Media contact:
  • (312) 353-1138

Occupational Employment and Wages in Cleveland-Elyria — May 2018

Workers in the Cleveland-Elyria Metropolitan Statistical Area had an average (mean) hourly wage of $24.27 in May 2018, about 3 percent below the nationwide average of $24.98, according to the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics. Assistant Commissioner for Regional Operations Charlene Peiffer noted that, after testing for statistical significance, wages in the local area were lower than their respective national averages in 14 of the 22 major occupational groups including legal; computer and mathematical; and arts, design, entertainment, sports, and media. One occupational group—construction and extraction—had an average wage that was significantly higher than its respective national average.

When compared to the nationwide distribution, local employment was more highly concentrated in 7 of the 22 occupational groups, including production, healthcare practitioners and technical, and office and administrative support. Conversely, 10 groups had employment shares significantly below their national representation, including construction and extraction, transportation and material moving, and personal care and service. (See table A and box note at end of release.)

Table A. Occupational employment and wages by major occupational group, United States and the Cleveland-Elyria Metropolitan Statistical Area, and measures of statistical significance, May 2018
Major occupational groupPercent of total employmentMean hourly wage
United StatesClevelandUnited StatesClevelandPercent difference (1)

Total, all occupations

100.0100.0$24.98$24.27*-3

Management

5.34.6*58.4456.32*-4

Business and financial operations

5.35.8*36.9835.68*-4

Computer and mathematical

3.03.044.0136.42*-17

Architecture and engineering

1.81.6*42.0139.00*-7

Life, physical, and social science

0.80.836.6230.61*-16

Community and social service

1.51.523.6922.33*-6

Legal

0.80.9*52.2543.09*-18

Education, training, and library

6.15.5*27.2227.290

Arts, design, entertainment, sports, and media

1.31.328.7422.72*-21

Healthcare practitioners and technical

6.07.2*39.4240.543

Healthcare support

2.83.4*15.5714.59*-6

Protective service

2.42.6*23.3621.02*-10

Food preparation and serving related

9.28.7*12.3011.59*-6

Building and grounds cleaning and maintenance

3.13.014.4314.02-3

Personal care and service

3.83.1*13.5112.58*-7

Sales and related

10.09.6*20.0920.944

Office and administrative support

15.115.7*18.7518.59-1

Farming, fishing, and forestry

0.3(2)*14.4913.50-7

Construction and extraction

4.13.1*24.6225.87*5

Installation, maintenance, and repair

3.93.5*23.5422.99*-2

Production

6.38.8*18.8418.941

Transportation and material moving

7.16.1*18.4117.54*-5

Footnotes:
(1) A positive percent difference measures how much the mean wage in the Cleveland-Elyria Metropolitan Statistical Area is above the national mean wage, while a negative difference reflects a lower wage.
(2) Indicates a value of less than 0.05 percent.
* The mean hourly wage or percent share of employment is significantly different from the national average of all areas at the 90-percent confidence level.

One occupational group—production—was chosen to illustrate the diversity of data available for any of the 22 major occupational categories. Cleveland-Elyria had 91,630 jobs in production, accounting for 8.8 percent of local area employment, significantly higher than the 6.3-percent share nationally. The average hourly wage for this occupational group locally was $18.94, compared to the national wage of $18.84.

Some of the larger detailed occupations within the production group included assemblers and fabricators, all other, including team assemblers (12,090); inspectors, testers, sorters, samplers, and weighers (6,380); and first-line supervisors of production and operating workers (6,030). Among the higher-paying jobs in this group were power plant operators and power distributors and dispatchers, with mean hourly wages of $38.32 and $34.61, respectively. At the lower end of the wage scale were laundry and dry-cleaning workers ($11.47) and pressers, textile, garment, and related materials ($12.00). (Detailed data for the production occupations are presented in table 1; for a complete listing of detailed occupations available go to www.bls.gov/oes/current/oes_17460.htm .)

Location quotients allow us to explore the occupational make-up of a metropolitan area by comparing the composition of jobs in an area relative to the national average. (See table 1.) For example, a location quotient of 2.0 indicates that an occupation accounts for twice the share of employment in the area than it does nationally. In the Cleveland-Elyria Metropolitan Statistical Area, above-average concentrations of employment were found in many of the occupations within the production group. For instance, foundry mold and coremakers were employed at 8.0 times the national rate in Cleveland, and milling and planing machine setters, operators, and tenders, metal and plastic, at 6.9 times the U.S. average. On the other hand, paper goods machine setters, operators, and tenders had a location quotient of 1.0 in Cleveland, indicating that this particular occupation’s local and national employment shares were similar.

These statistics are from the Occupational Employment Statistics (OES) survey, a federal-state cooperative program between BLS and State Workforce Agencies, in this case, the Ohio Department of Job & Family Services.

Area Changes to the May 2018 Occupational Employment Statistics (OES)

OES continues to publish data for metropolitan and nonmetropolitan areas that cover the full geography of the United States. However, the level of detail available has decreased.

OES no longer publishes data for metropolitan divisions. Data for the 11 large metropolitan areas that contain divisions are now available at the Metropolitan Statistical Area (MSA) or New England City and Town Area (NECTA) level only.

In addition, some smaller nonmetropolitan areas have been combined to form larger nonmetropolitan areas. The May 2018 OES estimates contain data for 134 nonmetropolitan areas, compared with 167 nonmetropolitan areas in the May 2017 estimates.

More information on these area changes is available at www.bls.gov/oes/areas_2018.htm.

Implementing the 2018 Standard Occupational Classification (SOC) System

The OES program plans to begin implementing the 2018 Standard Occupational Classification (SOC) system with the May 2019 estimates, to be released by early April of 2020. Because each set of OES estimates is produced by combining three years of survey data, estimates for May 2019 and May 2020 will be based on a combination of survey data collected under the 2010 SOC and data collected under the 2018 SOC, and will use a hybrid of the two classification systems. The May 2021 OES estimates, to be released by early April of 2022, will be the first set of estimates based fully on the 2018 SOC. For more information, please see www.bls.gov/oes/soc_2018.htm.


Technical Note

The Occupational Employment Statistics (OES) survey is a semiannual survey measuring occupational employment and wage rates for wage and salary workers in nonfarm establishments in the United States. The OES data available from BLS include cross-industry occupational employment and wage estimates for the nation; over 580 areas, including states and the District of Columbia, metropolitan statistical areas (MSAs), nonmetropolitan areas, and territories; national industry-specific estimates at the NAICS sector, 3-digit, most 4-digit, and selected 5- and 6-digit industry levels, and national estimates by ownership across all industries and for schools and hospitals. OES data are available at www.bls.gov/oes/tables.htm.

The OES survey is a cooperative effort between BLS and the State Workforce Agencies (SWAs). BLS funds the survey and provides the procedures and technical support, while the State Workforce Agencies collect most of the data. OES estimates are constructed from a sample of about 1.2 million establishments. Each year, two semiannual panels of approximately 180,000 to 200,000 sampled establishments are contacted, one panel in May and the other in November. Responses are obtained by mail, Internet or other electronic means, email, telephone, or personal visit. The May 2018 estimates are based on responses from six semiannual panels collected over a 3-year period: May 2018, November 2017, May 2017, November 2016, May 2016, and November 2015. The unweighted sample employment of 83 million across all six semiannual panels represents approximately 58 percent of total national employment. The overall national response rate for the six panels, based on the 50 states and the District of Columbia, is 71 percent based on establishments and 68 percent based on weighted sampled employment. The sample in the Cleveland-Elyria Metropolitan Statistical Area included 5,299 establishments with a response rate of 74 percent. For more information about OES concepts and methodology, go to www.bls.gov/oes/current/oes_tec.htm.

A value that is statistically different from another does not necessarily mean that the difference has economic or practical significance. Statistical significance is concerned with the ability to make confident statements about a universe based on a sample. It is entirely possible that a large difference between two values is not significantly different statistically, while a small difference is, since both the size and heterogeneity of the sample affect the relative error of the data being tested.

The May 2018 OES estimates are based on the 2010 Standard Occupational Classification (SOC) system and the 2017 North American Industry Classification System (NAICS). Information about the 2010 SOC is available on the BLS website at www.bls.gov/soc and information about the 2017 NAICS is available at www.bls.gov/bls/naics.htm.

Metropolitan area definitions

The substate area data published in this release reflect the standards and definitions established by the U.S. Office of Management and Budget.

The Cleveland-Elyria, OH Metropolitan Statistical Area includes Cuyahoga, Geauga, Lake, Lorain, and Medina Counties.

Additional information

OES data are available on our regional web page at www.bls.gov/regions/midwest. Answers to frequently asked questions about the OES data are available at www.bls.gov/oes/oes_ques.htm. Detailed technical information about the OES survey is available in our Survey Methods and Reliability Statement on the BLS website at www.bls.gov/oes/current/methods_statement.pdf.

Information in this release will be made available to sensory impaired individuals upon request . Voice phone: (202) 691-5200; Federal Relay Service: (800) 877-8339.

Table 1. Employment and wage data from the Occupational Employment Statistics survey, by occupation, Cleveland-Elyria Metropolitan Statistical Area, May 2018
Occupation (1)EmploymentMean wages
Level (2)Location quotient (3)HourlyAnnual (4)

Production occupations

91,6301.4$18.94$39,390

First-line supervisors of production and operating workers

6,0301.430.7864,020

Coil winders, tapers, and finishers

2402.819.2740,090

Electrical, electronic, and electromechanical assemblers, except coil winders, tapers, and finishers

2,0701.116.3133,930

Engine and other machine assemblers

1,6704.824.9251,840

Structural metal fabricators and fitters

6101.118.8639,230

Fiberglass laminators and fabricators

600.414.4229,990

Assemblers and fabricators, all other, including team assemblers

12,0901.316.2833,850

Bakers

1,4801.213.4928,060

Butchers and meat cutters

6700.718.6938,870

Meat, poultry, and fish cutters and trimmers

1300.112.8926,820

Slaughterers and meat packers

(5)(5)12.5026,000

Food batchmakers

4600.415.2931,810

Food cooking machine operators and tenders

1300.613.4027,870

Food processing workers, all other

1000.312.7526,510

Computer-controlled machine tool operators, metal and plastic

3,3003.120.5842,800

Computer numerically controlled machine tool programmers, metal and plastic

6303.724.5651,080

Extruding and drawing machine setters, operators, and tenders, metal and plastic

1,1102.115.9433,160

Forging machine setters, operators, and tenders, metal and plastic

4003.019.8041,190

Rolling machine setters, operators, and tenders, metal and plastic

6403.419.9441,470

Cutting, punching, and press machine setters, operators, and tenders, metal and plastic

4,0603.019.3240,180

Drilling and boring machine tool setters, operators, and tenders, metal and plastic

(5)(5)22.7247,270

Grinding, lapping, polishing, and buffing machine tool setters, operators, and tenders, metal and plastic

1,7903.517.5036,400

Lathe and turning machine tool setters, operators, and tenders, metal and plastic

8804.219.5940,760

Milling and planing machine setters, operators, and tenders, metal and plastic

9606.923.4148,690

Machinists

5,7402.119.3640,270

Metal-refining furnace operators and tenders

3803.015.7432,740

Pourers and casters, metal

400.718.3938,250

Model makers, metal and plastic

(5)(5)24.4950,940

Foundry mold and coremakers

8908.014.9531,100

Molding, coremaking, and casting machine setters, operators, and tenders, metal and plastic

2,9502.515.5132,270

Multiple machine tool setters, operators, and tenders, metal and plastic

2,8403.016.4334,170

Tool and die makers

1,3702.625.9553,970

Welders, cutters, solderers, and brazers

2,5300.919.6840,920

Welding, soldering, and brazing machine setters, operators, and tenders

4401.817.8937,200

Heat treating equipment setters, operators, and tenders, metal and plastic

2902.116.5734,460

Plating and coating machine setters, operators, and tenders, metal and plastic

1,2004.215.1531,520

Tool grinders, filers, and sharpeners

(5)(5)20.1041,800

Metal workers and plastic workers, all other

(5)(5)16.7734,880

Prepress technicians and workers

4001.919.7541,090

Printing press operators

1,6401.317.8437,100

Print binding and finishing workers

3501.114.5430,250

Laundry and dry-cleaning workers

1,1100.711.4723,850

Pressers, textile, garment, and related materials

3701.312.0024,950

Sewing machine operators

8500.912.2625,490

Tailors, dressmakers, and custom sewers

(5)(5)18.3638,190

Textile cutting machine setters, operators, and tenders

(5)(5)16.0833,450

Upholsterers

(5)(5)19.8541,290

Cabinetmakers and bench carpenters

6600.920.1641,920

Furniture finishers

(5)(5)15.2531,720

Sawing machine setters, operators, and tenders, wood

(5)(5)13.8628,820

Woodworking machine setters, operators, and tenders, except sawing

6001.117.9437,320

Power distributors and dispatchers

1201.534.6172,000

Power plant operators

(5)(5)38.3279,700

Stationary engineers and boiler operators

2601.128.6559,580

Water and wastewater treatment plant and system operators

6700.825.9453,960

Chemical plant and system operators

1600.826.6755,480

Petroleum pump system operators, refinery operators, and gaugers

400.131.4265,350

Plant and system operators, all other

(5)(5)26.1654,410

Chemical equipment operators and tenders

1,7302.922.5446,880

Separating, filtering, clarifying, precipitating, and still machine setters, operators, and tenders

1100.321.0943,880

Crushing, grinding, and polishing machine setters, operators, and tenders

3301.416.2233,740

Grinding and polishing workers, hand

(5)(5)15.2731,760

Mixing and blending machine setters, operators, and tenders

1,7101.918.4938,450

Cutters and trimmers, hand

600.812.2325,440

Cutting and slicing machine setters, operators, and tenders

6001.416.8034,950

Extruding, forming, pressing, and compacting machine setters, operators, and tenders

1,0101.914.4630,070

Furnace, kiln, oven, drier, and kettle operators and tenders

800.617.5136,410

Inspectors, testers, sorters, samplers, and weighers

6,3801.620.9543,580

Jewelers and precious stone and metal workers

(5)(5)14.5630,290

Dental laboratory technicians

3601.520.8143,290

Medical appliance technicians

2202.119.2940,130

Ophthalmic laboratory technicians

2301.218.5538,580

Packaging and filling machine operators and tenders

2,3700.814.1929,520

Coating, painting, and spraying machine setters, operators, and tenders

1,2001.919.3640,260

Painters, transportation equipment

1400.420.4942,620

Photographic process workers and processing machine operators

1000.817.8937,210

Adhesive bonding machine operators and tenders

1801.615.6032,450

Cleaning, washing, and metal pickling equipment operators and tenders

2802.314.4430,040

Etchers and engravers

3305.319.1139,740

Molders, shapers, and casters, except metal and plastic

1900.617.7236,870

Paper goods machine setters, operators, and tenders

6901.018.7138,910

Helpers--production workers

2,6401.114.4530,060

Production workers, all other

2,6001.616.2233,740

Footnotes:
(1) For a complete listing of all detailed occupations in the Cleveland-Elyria, OH Metropolitan Statistical Area, see www.bls.gov/oes/current/oes_17460.htm.
(2) Estimates for detailed occupations do not sum to the totals because the totals include occupations not shown separately. Estimates do not include self-employed workers.
(3) The location quotient is the ratio of the area concentration of occupational employment to the national average concentration. A location quotient greater than one indicates the occupation has a higher share of employment than average, and a location quotient less than one indicates the occupation is less prevalent in the area than average.
(4) Annual wages have been calculated by multiplying the hourly mean wage by a "year-round, full-time" hours figure of 2,080 hours; for those occupations where there is not an hourly mean wage published, the annual wage has been directly calculated from the reported survey data.
(5) Estimate not released.

 

Last Modified Date: Friday, July 19, 2019