Employer Costs for Employee Compensation Relative Standard Errors

Because the Employer Costs for Employee Compensation is a sample survey, it is subject to sampling errors. Sampling errors are differences that occur between the results computed from a sample of observations and those computed from all observations in the population. The estimates derived from different samples selected using the same sample design may differ from each other. A measure of the variation among these differing estimates is the standard error. The relative standard error is the standard error expressed as a percent of the cost. It can be used to measure the precision with which an estimate from a particular sample approximates the expected result of all possible samples. The chances are about 68 out of 100 that an estimate from the survey differs from a complete population figure by less than the standard error. The chances are about 90 out of 100 that this difference would be less than 1.6 times the standard error. Footnotes have been added for estimates with relative standard errors greater than 30 percent.

For a more detailed explanation of relative standard errors, see Measuring Trends in the Structure and Levels of Employer Costs for Employee Compensation, Compensation and Working Conditions, Summer 1997. For a detailed explanation of how to use standard error data to analyze differences in year-to-year changes, see Analyzing Year-to-Year Changes in Employer Costs for Employee Compensation, Compensation and Working Conditions, Spring 1998. This article supplements an article from the Summer 1997 issue of Compensation and Working Conditions, Explaining the Differential Growth Rates of the ECI and ECEC, which examined how differences in the construction of these measures contribute to differing trends.

Standard errors relate to differences that occur from sampling errors, but not from nonsampling errors. Sampling errors are differences between the results computed from a sample of observations and those computed from all observations in the population. Nonsampling errors are not measured and include survey nonresponse and data collection and processing errors. Survey nonresponse is when sample members are unwilling or unable to participate in the survey. Data collection errors include provision of inaccurate data by respondents and definitional difficulties. Processing errors include errors in recording, coding, and entering data. Although nonsampling errors are not measured, BLS quality assurance programs contain procedures for reducing such errors. These procedures include data collection reinterviews, observed interviews, computer data edits, and systematic review of reports on which data are recorded. Extensive field economist training also is conducted to maintain high data collection standards.

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Table 1. Employer Costs for Employee Compensation by ownership [June 2024]
Compensation component	Civilian workers(1)		Private industry workers		State and local government workers
Compensation component	Cost ($)	Relative standard error	Cost ($)	Relative standard error	Cost ($)	Relative standard error
Total compensation(2)	46.21	1.1	43.94	1.4	61.37	0.8
Wages and salaries	31.80	1.1	30.90	1.3	37.80	0.8
Total benefits	14.41	1.4	13.04	1.8	23.57	1.0
Paid leave	3.46	1.9	3.30	2.2	4.51	1.6
Vacation	1.69	2.1	1.69	2.4	1.70	2.3
Holiday	1.01	1.9	0.97	2.3	1.30	2.1
Sick	0.52	1.7	0.43	2.3	1.15	1.2
Personal	0.23	2.6	0.21	3.3	0.36	2.6
Supplemental pay	1.61	3.8	1.76	4.0	0.63	4.2
Overtime and premium(3)	0.41	2.2	0.43	2.3	0.29	4.9
Shift differentials	0.08	4.4	0.08	5.0	0.06	6.3
Nonproduction bonuses	1.12	5.4	1.24	5.6	0.29	5.7
Insurance	3.72	1.6	3.24	2.0	6.95	1.1
Life	0.06	3.5	0.05	4.3	0.09	3.7
Health	3.52	1.6	3.04	2.0	6.77	1.1
Short-term disability	0.09	2.8	0.10	3.0	0.03	4.3
Long-term disability	0.05	3.5	0.05	4.0	0.06	3.8
Retirement and savings	2.39	1.9	1.52	2.8	8.19	1.5
Defined benefit	1.36	2.6	0.42	6.3	7.65	1.5
Defined contribution	1.02	3.1	1.10	3.3	0.54	4.9
Legally Required benefits	3.23	0.8	3.22	1.0	3.29	1.3
Social Security and Medicare	2.62	1.0	2.62	1.1	2.61	1.3
Social Security(4)	2.09	0.9	2.10	1.0	1.99	1.6
Medicare	0.53	1.2	0.52	1.4	0.62	0.8
Federal unemployment insurance	0.03	5.5	0.03	5.5	(5)-	(6)-
State unemployment insurance	0.13	2.6	0.13	2.7	0.07	9.5
Workers' compensation	0.46	1.6	0.44	1.8	0.62	2.7
Footnotes (1) Includes workers in the private nonfarm economy except those in private households, and workers in the public sector, except the federal government. (2) Includes costs for wages and salaries and benefits. (3) Includes premium pay for work (such as overtime, weekends, and holidays) in addition to the regular work schedule. (4) Social Security refers to the Old-Age, Survivors, and Disability Insurance (OASDI) program. (5) Cost per hour worked is $0.01 or less. (6) The relative standard error is not available as the cost per hour worked is $0.01 or less.

Table 2. Employer Costs for Employee Compensation for civilian workers by occupational and industry group [June 2024]
Series	Total compensation(1)		Wages and salaries		Total benefits		Paid leave		Supplemental pay		Insurance		Retirement and savings		Legally required benefits
Series	Cost ($)	RSE(2)	Cost ($)	RSE(2)	Cost ($)	RSE(2)	Cost ($)	RSE(2)	Cost ($)	RSE(2)	Cost ($)	RSE(2)	Cost ($)	RSE(2)	Cost ($)	RSE(2)
Civilian workers(3)	46.21	1.1	31.80	1.1	14.41	1.4	3.46	1.9	1.61	3.8	3.72	1.6	2.39	1.9	3.23	0.8
Occupational group
Management, professional, and related	73.47	1.8	49.77	1.7	23.70	2.2	6.47	2.6	2.73	6.5	5.63	2.1	4.35	2.5	4.51	1.2
Management, business and financial	84.23	2.3	56.58	2.2	27.65	2.8	8.08	3.1	4.36	9.5	6.05	2.3	4.08	3.3	5.08	1.3
Professional and related	68.60	1.9	46.69	1.8	21.91	2.4	5.74	3.0	2.00	6.3	5.44	2.3	4.47	3.0	4.25	1.5
Teachers(4)	72.94	4.0	49.50	4.4	23.44	3.6	3.99	7.5	0.37	9.9	6.64	3.8	8.73	4.4	3.71	3.2
Primary, secondary, and special education school teachers	70.20	3.6	46.17	3.3	24.03	4.2	3.25	6.2	0.28	7.0	7.29	4.6	9.92	5.3	3.29	3.7
Registered nurses	74.54	3.1	49.07	3.0	25.47	3.8	7.39	5.7	3.34	7.0	5.86	2.6	3.84	6.4	5.04	3.3
Sales and office	34.00	1.6	24.16	1.6	9.85	1.7	2.35	2.5	0.88	3.3	2.96	2.1	1.22	4.3	2.44	1.2
Sales and related	32.76	3.5	24.98	3.5	7.78	4.0	1.97	6.2	0.78	7.2	1.77	3.5	0.81	11.0	2.45	2.5
Office and administrative support	34.87	1.1	23.59	0.9	11.28	1.8	2.61	1.8	0.95	3.9	3.78	2.5	1.50	3.9	2.43	0.8
Service	25.22	1.6	18.31	1.5	6.91	2.7	1.31	3.1	0.58	5.5	1.74	3.9	1.19	5.6	2.09	1.4
Natural resources, construction, and maintenance	45.95	1.5	31.02	1.3	14.93	2.7	2.58	2.7	1.77	4.5	3.98	3.6	2.72	6.9	3.87	1.9
Construction, extraction, farming, fishing, and forestry	44.87	2.9	30.41	2.1	14.46	4.7	1.94	4.0	1.75	5.2	3.87	5.7	2.85	10.1	4.05	3.8
Installation, maintenance, and repair	47.12	2.5	31.69	2.3	15.43	3.9	3.27	3.3	1.80	6.2	4.10	4.4	2.58	10.0	3.68	2.3
Production, transportation, and material moving	35.87	2.3	24.31	2.2	11.56	2.8	2.19	3.8	1.60	3.8	3.44	3.2	1.41	6.0	2.93	1.6
Production	35.12	2.2	23.30	1.8	11.82	3.3	2.21	3.0	2.14	5.7	3.70	4.2	1.00	5.7	2.77	1.8
Transportation and material moving	36.30	3.5	24.90	3.3	11.41	4.1	2.18	5.7	1.28	4.6	3.30	4.5	1.64	8.0	3.01	2.2
Industry group
Education and health services	52.28	2.4	35.57	2.3	16.71	2.7	4.07	3.6	1.07	6.6	4.54	3.0	3.72	3.6	3.30	1.6
Educational services	62.62	1.4	41.15	1.1	21.46	1.9	3.99	2.0	0.35	5.9	6.42	2.5	7.41	2.8	3.30	1.2
Elementary and secondary schools	61.32	1.2	39.73	0.9	21.59	2.0	3.20	4.4	0.26	4.3	6.77	2.4	8.34	2.3	3.03	1.8
Junior colleges, colleges, and universities	72.05	1.6	47.27	1.4	24.78	2.4	6.42	5.4	0.50	5.5	6.81	2.6	7.03	3.1	4.02	1.5
Health care and social assistance	46.94	3.6	32.69	3.5	14.25	4.2	4.12	5.2	1.44	7.5	3.57	4.4	1.82	6.4	3.30	2.3
Hospitals	66.14	4.7	43.44	5.2	22.70	4.0	6.30	6.0	2.86	6.2	5.75	3.3	3.55	6.6	4.24	2.9
Footnotes (1) Includes costs for wages and salaries and benefits. (2) The relative standard error (RSE) is the standard error expressed as a percent of the cost. (3) Includes workers in the private nonfarm economy except those in private households, and workers in the public sector, except the federal government. (4) Includes postsecondary teachers; primary, secondary, and special education teachers; and other teachers and instructors.

Table 3. Employer Costs for Employee Compensation for state and local government workers by occupational and industry group [June 2024]
Series	Total compensation(1)		Wages and salaries		Total benefits		Paid leave		Supplemental pay		Insurance		Retirement and savings		Legally required benefits
Series	Cost ($)	RSE(2)	Cost ($)	RSE(2)	Cost ($)	RSE(2)	Cost ($)	RSE(2)	Cost ($)	RSE(2)	Cost ($)	RSE(2)	Cost ($)	RSE(2)	Cost ($)	RSE(2)
State and local government workers	61.37	0.8	37.80	0.8	23.57	1.0	4.51	1.6	0.63	4.2	6.95	1.1	8.19	1.5	3.29	1.3
Occupational group
Management, professional, and related	72.96	1.0	46.48	1.1	26.48	1.3	4.97	2.1	0.48	4.8	7.56	1.3	9.82	1.6	3.66	1.6
Professional and related	70.68	1.0	45.31	1.1	25.37	1.2	4.40	2.1	0.46	5.0	7.53	1.4	9.46	1.6	3.52	1.6
Teachers(3)	79.35	1.2	52.21	1.3	27.14	1.5	3.68	3.0	0.30	5.5	8.04	1.7	11.47	1.7	3.66	2.0
Primary, secondary, and special education school teachers	79.05	1.3	51.28	1.3	27.76	1.6	3.40	3.3	0.28	4.9	8.48	2.0	12.13	2.2	3.47	2.3
Sales and office	43.35	1.8	24.93	2.0	18.42	2.0	3.77	2.2	0.40	9.3	6.67	2.3	5.03	3.2	2.55	2.2
Office and administrative support	43.54	1.9	24.98	2.1	18.56	2.1	3.79	2.2	0.40	9.4	6.75	2.3	5.07	3.3	2.55	2.2
Service	47.05	2.5	26.86	2.2	20.18	3.0	3.91	3.3	1.03	7.2	5.56	2.1	6.86	5.0	2.82	2.3
Industry group
Education and health services	63.59	0.9	40.54	0.8	23.05	1.3	4.00	2.4	0.43	4.9	7.08	1.4	8.36	1.6	3.18	1.6
Educational services	65.07	0.8	41.71	0.7	23.36	1.2	3.75	2.4	0.30	5.2	7.17	1.4	8.98	1.5	3.16	1.7
Elementary and secondary schools	63.18	1.0	40.54	0.9	22.64	1.6	3.16	2.8	0.26	3.5	7.13	1.7	9.08	2.0	3.01	1.6
Junior colleges, colleges, and universities	71.58	2.1	45.75	2.3	25.83	2.2	5.82	4.1	0.40	13.3	7.26	3.1	8.68	3.9	3.67	3.0
Health care and social assistance	55.57	4.0	34.21	4.1	21.36	4.3	5.32	5.9	1.14	8.1	6.59	4.8	5.02	6.1	3.30	4.9
Hospitals	58.27	4.7	36.64	4.8	21.63	4.9	5.54	6.2	1.29	8.5	6.53	5.4	4.86	10.1	3.42	5.8
Public administration	60.45	1.8	34.88	2.0	25.58	1.9	5.54	2.2	0.93	6.6	6.95	1.9	8.62	3.1	3.53	2.5
Footnotes (1) Includes costs for wages and salaries and benefits. (2) The relative standard error (RSE) is the standard error expressed as a percent of the cost. (3) Includes postsecondary teachers; primary, secondary, and special education teachers; and other teachers and instructors.

Table 4. Employer Costs for Employee Compensation for private industry workers by occupational and industry group [June 2024]
Series	Total compensation(1)		Wages and salaries		Total benefits		Paid leave		Supplemental pay		Insurance		Retirement and savings		Legally required benefits
Series	Cost ($)	RSE(2)	Cost ($)	RSE(2)	Cost ($)	RSE(2)	Cost ($)	RSE(2)	Cost ($)	RSE(2)	Cost ($)	RSE(2)	Cost ($)	RSE(2)	Cost ($)	RSE(2)
Private industry workers	43.94	1.4	30.90	1.3	13.04	1.8	3.30	2.2	1.76	4.0	3.24	2.0	1.52	2.8	3.22	1.0
Occupational group
Management, professional, and related occupations	73.61	2.2	50.71	2.1	22.90	2.9	6.90	3.1	3.38	6.7	5.08	2.9	2.79	4.2	4.75	1.5
Management, business, and financial occupations	83.93	2.5	56.91	2.4	27.02	3.2	8.04	3.5	4.78	9.6	5.87	2.9	3.19	4.1	5.14	1.5
Professional and related occupations	67.80	2.6	47.22	2.5	20.58	3.4	6.25	4.0	2.59	6.8	4.64	3.4	2.56	5.2	4.53	1.9
Sales and office occupations	33.12	1.8	24.08	1.9	9.03	1.9	2.22	2.8	0.93	3.5	2.61	2.5	0.85	5.7	2.43	1.4
Sales and related occupations	32.73	3.5	24.99	3.5	7.74	4.0	1.96	6.2	0.79	7.2	1.75	3.5	0.79	11.1	2.45	2.5
Office and administrative support occupations	33.43	1.2	23.36	1.0	10.07	2.1	2.42	2.1	1.04	4.2	3.29	3.1	0.91	4.8	2.41	1.0
Service occupations	22.02	1.9	17.06	1.7	4.97	3.2	0.93	4.8	0.52	6.1	1.18	5.4	0.36	8.2	1.98	1.7
Natural resources, construction, and maintenance occupations	45.33	1.7	30.99	1.4	14.34	3.0	2.40	3.1	1.83	4.6	3.73	4.1	2.46	7.8	3.92	2.0
Construction, extraction, farming, fishing, and forestry occupations	44.19	3.1	30.36	2.3	13.83	5.3	1.71	5.4	1.82	5.1	3.58	6.8	2.60	11.6	4.12	4.0
Installation, maintenance, and repair occupations	46.55	2.6	31.66	2.5	14.89	4.3	3.14	3.6	1.84	6.4	3.90	4.8	2.31	11.8	3.70	2.4
Production, transportation, and material moving occupations	35.43	2.4	24.18	2.3	11.25	2.9	2.14	3.9	1.62	4.0	3.33	3.3	1.25	6.4	2.91	1.6
Production occupations	34.75	2.2	23.14	1.8	11.62	3.3	2.16	3.0	2.15	5.8	3.64	4.3	0.90	5.8	2.77	1.8
Transportation and material moving occupations	35.83	3.6	24.80	3.4	11.03	4.2	2.13	6.0	1.30	4.9	3.15	4.6	1.46	8.8	3.00	2.2
Industry and occupational group
Goods-producing industries(3)	45.41	1.4	30.70	1.3	14.71	2.1	2.84	2.5	2.49	6.4	3.96	3.0	1.81	4.2	3.61	1.4
Management, professional, and related occupations	73.02	3.3	49.74	2.0	23.27	6.5	6.21	3.7	4.23	23.7	5.06	3.7	2.88	7.9	4.88	2.0
Management, business, and financial occupations	77.40	4.6	53.07	2.5	24.33	9.6	6.37	4.4	(4)5.03	33.4	5.00	5.0	2.79	10.6	5.13	2.4
Professional and related occupations	66.98	2.9	45.16	2.8	21.82	3.6	6.00	4.3	3.14	9.2	5.13	3.1	3.01	6.3	4.55	2.6
Sales and office occupations	40.76	3.2	29.21	2.8	11.55	4.5	2.66	6.0	1.61	11.3	3.26	4.6	0.96	6.5	3.05	2.7
Office and administrative support occupations	35.56	1.5	25.32	1.5	10.24	2.5	2.24	2.8	1.34	6.0	3.15	4.6	0.81	7.4	2.71	1.6
Natural resources, construction, and maintenance occupations	45.33	2.3	30.78	1.7	14.55	3.8	2.00	4.9	2.11	5.3	3.76	6.0	2.61	7.1	4.07	2.5
Construction, extraction, farming, fishing and forestry occupations	43.85	3.2	30.16	2.3	13.69	5.5	1.65	5.8	1.88	5.1	3.51	7.3	2.56	11.8	4.08	3.8
Installation, maintenance, and repair occupations	49.98	5.4	32.71	3.8	17.27	8.9	3.09	6.8	2.84	9.3	4.53	10.0	2.78	22.0	4.03	3.8
Production, transportation, and material moving occupations	36.31	1.9	23.84	1.6	12.46	2.8	2.25	2.4	2.33	5.4	3.94	3.9	1.01	5.2	2.92	1.6
Production occupations	36.32	2.2	23.69	1.9	12.63	3.4	2.31	2.6	2.45	6.1	4.05	4.6	0.95	5.7	2.86	1.8
Transportation and material moving occupations	36.29	2.8	24.42	2.8	11.87	3.8	2.03	3.8	1.90	7.8	3.54	4.9	1.25	13.8	3.15	2.5
Construction industry	47.29	2.5	32.89	2.2	14.40	4.0	2.22	5.3	2.34	17.6	3.46	4.9	2.27	8.1	4.11	2.4
Manufacturing industry	44.17	1.7	29.29	1.4	14.87	2.5	3.26	2.9	2.55	3.6	4.28	3.4	1.50	5.7	3.28	1.3
Management, professional, and related occupations	73.43	2.5	49.91	2.1	23.52	3.9	6.71	3.7	3.32	9.5	5.45	2.8	3.21	7.3	4.83	2.3
Management, business, and financial occupations	78.88	3.2	54.31	2.6	24.57	4.8	7.19	4.7	3.48	10.4	5.60	3.6	3.18	10.0	5.12	3.0
Professional and related occupations	68.35	3.2	45.81	3.2	22.54	4.0	6.27	4.4	3.16	10.8	5.31	3.3	3.23	6.4	4.56	2.9
Sales and office occupations	40.52	4.9	28.26	4.6	12.27	5.8	3.01	8.3	1.78	12.2	3.48	3.7	1.13	9.1	2.86	4.1
Office and administrative support occupations	35.19	2.7	24.38	2.6	10.81	3.5	2.46	4.1	1.47	8.8	3.44	4.0	0.94	9.3	2.49	2.9
Natural resources, construction, and maintenance occupations	50.04	3.8	31.89	2.5	18.15	7.1	3.50	5.2	3.23	8.5	5.29	11.0	2.27	12.6	3.87	3.1
Installation, maintenance, and repair occupations	50.59	3.3	32.53	2.2	18.06	6.4	3.73	4.6	3.13	7.5	5.25	10.5	2.09	12.9	3.87	2.8
Production, transportation, and material moving occupations	35.64	1.8	23.19	1.3	12.45	3.0	2.28	2.6	2.39	5.6	3.98	4.0	0.97	5.5	2.83	1.4
Production occupations	35.92	2.0	23.28	1.4	12.64	3.5	2.32	2.7	2.49	6.1	4.07	4.6	0.95	5.8	2.81	1.5
Transportation and material moving occupations	34.33	3.3	22.77	2.8	11.56	4.5	2.09	4.4	1.91	6.0	3.59	5.9	1.07	13.8	2.89	3.2
Aircraft manufacturing industry	76.75	3.3	47.72	3.3	29.03	3.4	7.05	4.3	4.57	4.3	7.98	3.0	4.37	5.0	5.06	2.5
Service-providing industries(5)	43.65	1.6	30.94	1.5	12.71	2.1	3.39	2.6	1.61	4.9	3.10	2.3	1.46	3.3	3.15	1.1
Management, professional, and related occupations	73.67	2.4	50.81	2.3	22.86	3.2	6.97	3.4	3.29	7.0	5.08	3.2	2.78	4.6	4.74	1.7
Management, business, and financial occupations	85.09	2.8	57.59	2.8	27.50	3.4	8.34	3.9	4.74	9.5	6.02	3.2	3.26	4.5	5.15	1.7
Professional and related occupations	67.85	2.8	47.36	2.6	20.49	3.7	6.27	4.2	2.56	7.3	4.61	3.6	2.53	5.6	4.53	2.0
Sales and office occupations	32.51	1.9	23.68	2.0	8.83	2.0	2.18	3.0	0.87	3.5	2.55	2.7	0.85	6.1	2.38	1.4
Sales and related occupations	31.75	3.7	24.32	3.7	7.43	4.1	1.88	6.6	0.72	6.8	1.69	3.7	0.76	11.9	2.38	2.6
Office and administrative support occupations	33.17	1.3	23.12	1.1	10.05	2.3	2.44	2.3	1.00	4.8	3.31	3.5	0.92	5.4	2.38	1.1
Service occupations	22.04	1.9	17.07	1.7	4.97	3.2	0.93	4.8	0.51	6.2	1.18	5.5	0.36	8.2	1.98	1.7
Natural resources, construction, and maintenance occupations	45.34	2.4	31.32	2.4	14.01	4.6	3.04	5.1	1.39	5.7	3.69	3.8	2.22	17.6	3.68	2.7
Installation, maintenance, and repair occupations	45.04	2.8	31.20	3.2	13.84	3.8	3.16	4.3	1.40	6.2	3.62	4.0	2.10	12.8	3.56	2.8
Production, transportation, and material moving occupations	34.92	3.6	24.38	3.5	10.55	4.2	2.08	6.1	1.20	4.8	2.97	4.7	1.38	8.8	2.91	2.3
Production occupations	29.42	5.1	21.25	4.6	8.17	7.0	1.64	10.8	1.13	11.5	2.22	8.5	0.71	14.5	2.46	4.5
Transportation and material moving occupations	35.77	4.1	24.86	3.9	10.91	4.9	2.14	6.8	1.21	5.5	3.09	5.2	1.49	9.8	2.98	2.5
Trade, transportation, and utilities industry	37.14	2.7	26.60	2.5	10.55	3.3	2.43	4.3	1.11	3.6	2.71	3.5	1.40	6.6	2.90	1.9
Management, professional, and related occupations	69.53	4.0	49.38	3.9	20.15	4.5	6.07	5.0	2.34	8.9	4.38	6.3	2.72	6.4	4.64	3.3
Management, business, and financial occupations	82.29	4.1	57.93	3.9	24.36	4.7	7.47	5.5	3.16	10.7	5.34	6.8	3.11	7.9	5.28	3.2
Professional and related occupations	57.25	4.6	41.15	4.3	16.10	5.7	4.72	6.4	1.55	9.8	3.47	5.9	2.35	9.5	4.02	4.0
Sales and office occupations	28.12	2.7	21.37	2.6	6.75	3.4	1.59	5.3	0.60	4.6	1.69	4.3	0.66	6.8	2.20	2.0
Sales and related occupations	26.65	3.4	20.82	3.1	5.84	4.5	1.39	7.9	0.53	6.1	1.27	4.7	0.53	10.3	2.12	2.4
Office and administrative support occupations	33.47	2.8	23.40	2.3	10.08	4.3	2.32	4.5	0.87	6.9	3.22	6.2	1.16	8.9	2.51	2.3
Service occupations	22.86	3.2	17.36	2.3	5.50	6.9	1.03	9.7	0.51	12.4	1.35	9.6	0.60	14.7	2.01	3.8
Natural resources, construction, and maintenance occupations	51.93	6.8	35.28	7.2	16.65	6.6	3.81	8.6	1.83	7.0	4.14	6.9	2.82	10.9	4.05	5.4
Installation, maintenance, and repair occupations	52.05	7.2	35.51	7.6	16.54	7.1	3.82	9.1	1.85	7.4	4.08	7.4	2.74	11.9	4.05	5.6
Production, transportation, and material moving occupations	38.34	3.8	26.39	3.9	11.95	4.2	2.38	6.4	1.31	5.3	3.35	4.3	1.76	8.9	3.15	2.2
Transportation and material moving occupations	38.50	4.1	26.51	4.1	12.00	4.5	2.39	6.8	1.29	5.7	3.37	4.5	1.79	9.3	3.16	2.4
Wholesale trade industry	50.29	4.3	35.58	4.3	14.71	4.4	3.89	6.9	1.87	6.5	3.63	5.7	1.67	8.4	3.65	3.5
Sales and office occupations	50.92	7.4	36.97	7.7	13.94	7.0	3.88	11.4	1.41	10.6	3.48	7.6	1.64	13.7	3.53	6.3
Office and administrative support occupations	34.21	3.7	24.09	3.4	10.12	5.5	2.49	6.2	1.06	14.2	3.17	7.3	0.88	13.5	2.51	4.1
Production, transportation, and material moving occupations	32.54	2.9	22.60	2.7	9.94	4.2	1.99	4.5	1.37	7.4	2.85	7.5	0.91	10.1	2.82	2.4
Transportation and material moving occupations	32.48	3.7	22.54	3.3	9.94	5.4	1.95	5.5	1.34	8.1	2.83	9.3	0.98	11.7	2.83	3.0
Retail trade industry	24.99	1.5	19.31	1.3	5.68	2.3	1.26	3.5	0.52	5.2	1.36	3.5	0.48	4.8	2.07	1.2
Sales and office occupations	22.23	1.2	17.65	1.2	4.58	2.0	0.99	2.9	0.39	7.7	1.03	4.7	0.32	5.3	1.85	1.0
Sales and related occupations	21.69	1.1	17.34	1.1	4.34	1.9	0.91	2.9	0.37	8.4	0.93	4.9	0.30	5.5	1.82	0.8
Office and administrative support occupations	27.80	3.2	20.78	2.7	7.02	5.7	1.72	8.2	0.54	9.7	2.05	9.2	0.57	11.7	2.13	3.2
Production, transportation, and material moving occupations	24.07	1.4	17.83	1.1	6.24	2.6	1.21	3.9	0.59	5.7	1.73	3.5	0.63	5.8	2.08	1.1
Transportation and material moving occupations	23.78	1.3	17.63	1.1	6.15	2.6	1.18	3.9	0.59	5.6	1.71	3.6	0.62	5.9	2.06	1.0
Transportation and warehousing industry	49.98	5.9	33.59	6.0	16.39	6.2	3.41	9.0	1.69	8.2	4.58	6.1	2.78	10.8	3.92	3.8
Utilities industry	78.33	2.0	48.75	2.1	29.58	2.1	7.26	2.6	2.47	8.3	7.60	2.3	6.90	3.5	5.35	1.9
Information industry	75.76	3.5	48.89	3.4	26.87	4.0	7.79	4.7	3.98	9.8	6.88	3.8	3.47	10.0	4.76	3.0
Management, professional, and related occupations	95.20	4.6	61.91	4.5	33.29	5.1	10.40	4.3	5.47	14.5	7.89	4.1	3.68	5.0	5.84	3.3
Professional and related occupations	91.34	4.9	59.57	5.1	31.77	5.0	9.99	5.4	4.91	12.7	7.69	3.5	3.47	6.2	5.71	3.7
Sales and office occupations	50.01	7.0	32.51	7.3	17.50	8.0	4.43	8.3	2.24	11.3	5.47	9.2	2.11	20.8	3.26	6.8
Financial activities industry	59.19	2.1	39.06	2.0	20.12	2.9	5.36	2.8	3.72	8.6	5.23	2.2	2.11	3.9	3.71	1.7
Management, professional, and related occupations	88.48	1.8	57.31	1.8	31.16	2.6	8.70	2.3	6.74	9.5	6.98	1.7	3.49	3.4	5.25	1.3
Management, business, and financial occupations	89.12	2.1	57.79	2.2	31.33	3.3	8.66	3.1	7.12	11.5	6.93	2.3	3.39	3.5	5.22	1.5
Professional and related occupations	86.34	3.4	55.73	3.2	30.60	3.8	8.82	3.8	5.46	7.6	7.16	2.6	3.80	6.2	5.37	2.6
Sales and office occupations	40.50	1.9	27.28	1.7	13.22	2.8	3.25	3.3	1.73	8.3	4.29	3.1	1.31	5.7	2.64	1.5
Sales and related occupations	49.02	6.0	34.78	6.1	14.25	7.2	3.77	7.6	2.14	20.8	3.52	9.7	1.63	14.2	3.18	5.1
Office and administrative support occupations	37.44	1.3	24.59	1.2	12.85	2.1	3.06	2.5	1.59	6.5	4.57	2.2	1.19	4.4	2.44	1.2
Finance and insurance industry	67.39	2.2	43.66	2.2	23.73	2.9	6.35	2.5	4.65	9.4	6.03	1.5	2.66	3.4	4.04	1.8
Credit intermediation and related activities industry	61.68	3.0	40.14	3.2	21.54	2.8	6.00	3.0	3.67	8.1	5.72	1.4	2.41	3.7	3.74	2.4
Insurance carriers and related activities industry	62.05	3.4	40.47	3.4	21.58	3.8	5.62	4.5	3.77	7.2	5.89	2.8	2.43	5.6	3.86	2.8
Real estate and rental and leasing industry	37.41	4.4	26.87	3.9	10.54	6.2	2.73	7.5	1.23	14.9	3.10	7.4	0.65	12.5	2.83	4.4
Professional and business services industry	57.61	4.1	40.49	3.8	17.12	5.7	4.79	6.7	2.73	11.7	3.95	5.4	1.75	10.2	3.90	3.2
Management, professional, and related occupations	84.11	4.3	57.99	3.9	26.12	6.0	7.91	6.8	4.55	12.1	5.49	5.8	2.89	10.7	5.29	3.1
Management, business, and financial occupations	91.05	4.7	61.35	4.6	29.70	5.9	8.97	6.3	5.81	17.0	6.21	5.4	3.22	9.7	5.49	3.2
Professional and related occupations	79.37	5.1	55.69	4.6	23.68	7.6	7.19	9.0	3.69	13.1	4.99	7.8	2.66	13.3	5.15	4.1
Sales and office occupations	39.38	5.7	28.81	6.3	10.57	6.0	2.76	8.0	1.10	10.3	3.04	6.7	0.95	24.9	2.73	3.6
Office and administrative support occupations	32.90	2.1	23.59	2.1	9.31	3.5	2.29	5.3	1.14	10.3	2.90	6.2	0.62	7.6	2.35	1.9
Service occupations	27.02	5.8	20.44	5.5	6.58	9.1	1.23	10.7	0.85	17.5	1.86	14.3	0.27	18.6	2.38	5.9
Production, transportation, and material moving occupations	26.60	3.7	19.53	3.2	7.07	5.9	1.17	12.3	1.11	13.0	2.11	7.6	0.39	21.6	2.27	3.2
Transportation and material moving occupations	27.39	4.2	19.98	3.4	7.41	8.0	1.17	12.2	1.20	16.8	2.30	9.9	(4)0.36	30.9	2.38	3.7
Professional, scientific, and technical services industry	74.97	5.4	51.75	4.8	23.22	7.1	6.87	6.6	3.95	15.6	5.00	5.9	2.67	12.1	4.72	4.4
Administrative and waste services industry	34.11	7.6	25.31	7.9	8.80	7.0	1.86	6.0	1.21	10.8	2.33	5.5	0.58	19.1	2.82	9.7
Education and health services industry	47.28	3.5	33.38	3.3	13.91	4.2	4.11	5.2	1.35	7.7	3.42	4.3	1.68	6.9	3.36	2.2
Management, professional, and related occupations	63.53	4.5	44.57	4.4	18.95	5.1	5.98	6.1	1.87	9.5	4.36	4.6	2.49	7.6	4.26	3.0
Management, business, and financial occupations	77.66	14.5	54.58	14.5	23.08	14.6	8.13	18.5	1.77	21.8	5.21	10.0	3.33	21.2	4.64	8.0
Professional and related occupations	61.83	4.1	43.37	4.1	18.46	4.8	5.72	5.8	1.88	9.5	4.25	4.7	2.39	7.3	4.21	2.9
Sales and office occupations	31.55	2.9	22.51	2.2	9.03	5.6	2.39	5.7	0.51	12.7	2.98	9.9	0.77	9.0	2.39	2.3
Office and administrative support occupations	31.31	2.8	22.36	2.1	8.95	5.6	2.37	5.8	0.50	12.7	2.95	10.0	0.76	9.1	2.38	2.2
Service occupations	26.59	3.6	19.08	3.0	7.52	5.6	1.67	6.1	0.84	7.6	2.08	7.7	0.70	14.8	2.22	3.3
Educational services industry	54.88	4.2	39.40	3.6	15.48	6.3	4.72	8.9	0.49	16.3	4.04	7.1	2.47	10.0	3.75	3.7
Management, professional, and related occupations	59.54	4.3	42.92	3.7	16.62	6.6	5.20	8.9	0.52	19.1	4.21	8.3	2.67	10.1	4.02	3.6
Management, business, and financial occupations	67.57	8.6	47.79	8.1	19.78	10.4	7.25	13.3	0.55	17.0	4.73	10.5	2.99	14.0	4.25	6.1
Professional and related occupations	57.68	4.1	41.79	3.7	15.89	6.3	4.72	8.5	0.51	23.5	4.09	8.7	2.59	10.3	3.97	3.5
Sales and office occupations	33.43	6.7	23.38	4.9	10.04	12.3	2.62	17.0	0.29	17.9	3.38	14.4	1.42	22.7	2.33	5.9
Office and administrative support occupations	33.41	6.8	23.36	5.0	10.05	12.4	2.64	17.1	0.28	18.0	3.38	14.4	1.42	22.9	2.33	6.0
Service occupations	33.28	13.1	23.59	14.5	9.69	15.1	2.22	18.2	0.41	23.4	2.81	18.1	1.57	27.3	2.69	18.7
Junior colleges, colleges, universities and professional schools industry	72.88	3.3	49.95	2.6	22.93	5.7	7.49	12.8	0.69	9.5	6.00	4.2	4.11	5.0	4.64	3.2
Health care and social assistance industry	46.26	3.9	32.57	3.8	13.69	4.7	4.02	5.9	1.46	8.1	3.34	4.8	1.57	8.0	3.30	2.4
Registered nurse occupations	75.67	3.7	49.93	3.4	25.74	4.8	7.63	6.8	3.61	7.6	5.76	3.0	3.52	9.9	5.22	3.7
Management, professional, and related occupations	64.39	5.4	44.93	5.3	19.46	6.0	6.15	7.0	2.17	10.1	4.39	5.4	2.45	9.1	4.31	3.5
Professional and related occupations	62.64	4.8	43.68	4.8	18.96	5.5	5.91	6.5	2.15	10.1	4.28	5.3	2.35	8.6	4.26	3.4
Sales and office occupations	31.36	3.1	22.43	2.4	8.93	6.1	2.36	6.2	0.53	13.6	2.94	10.9	0.70	10.0	2.40	2.4
Office and administrative support occupations	31.10	3.0	22.26	2.2	8.84	6.1	2.34	6.2	0.52	13.6	2.91	11.1	0.69	10.1	2.38	2.4
Service occupations	26.40	3.6	18.95	3.1	7.46	5.7	1.65	6.3	0.86	7.8	2.06	7.9	0.68	15.6	2.21	3.3
Hospitals industry	67.64	5.4	44.73	5.9	22.90	4.6	6.44	7.1	3.16	6.4	5.60	3.7	3.30	7.5	4.40	3.1
Management, professional, and related occupations	80.74	6.7	53.80	7.3	26.94	5.6	7.91	8.3	3.78	7.7	6.12	3.9	3.98	9.0	5.15	3.2
Registered nurse occupations	76.50	1.8	49.52	1.7	26.98	2.3	7.47	3.3	4.21	6.6	6.29	3.1	3.84	5.4	5.17	1.8
Service occupations	34.64	2.4	21.93	1.8	12.71	4.1	2.61	3.4	1.92	5.1	3.95	7.4	1.71	11.1	2.52	2.3
Nursing and residential care facilities industry	31.73	2.3	23.24	2.2	8.49	3.5	2.22	5.0	0.88	7.8	2.37	4.6	0.48	13.0	2.55	1.9
Management, professional, and related occupations	47.11	2.9	34.47	2.8	12.64	4.9	3.78	6.7	1.25	10.4	3.21	6.9	0.86	13.1	3.54	2.6
Service occupations	24.67	1.5	18.12	1.2	6.55	3.0	1.46	4.3	0.78	6.3	1.92	5.8	0.29	15.3	2.10	1.4
Nursing care facilities industry	33.80	2.9	24.88	2.7	8.92	5.0	2.27	5.3	0.98	13.7	2.57	6.3	0.40	15.9	2.69	2.7
Management, professional, and related occupations	47.56	3.7	35.63	3.0	11.92	7.2	3.37	7.7	1.33	18.0	2.96	8.5	0.60	20.1	3.67	3.4
Service occupations	25.95	2.9	18.76	2.5	7.19	4.6	1.61	5.0	0.89	9.5	2.23	7.2	0.30	14.3	2.15	3.2
Leisure and hospitality industry	20.01	2.7	16.23	2.2	3.78	6.0	0.64	12.4	0.30	10.4	0.76	13.2	0.22	15.5	1.85	2.0
Sales and office occupations	19.52	7.8	15.75	6.2	3.77	17.1	0.73	26.4	(4)0.28	30.9	1.02	27.1	(4)0.19	46.3	1.56	7.0
Service occupations	17.88	2.0	14.76	2.0	3.12	4.6	0.42	11.5	0.27	10.0	0.53	12.9	0.18	14.5	1.72	1.9
Accommodation and food services industry	18.26	2.3	14.93	1.9	3.34	5.5	0.49	11.1	0.31	11.7	0.62	13.9	0.17	11.3	1.73	2.0
Other services industry	39.79	7.4	29.54	6.9	10.26	9.6	2.88	12.5	0.58	16.2	2.31	11.6	1.53	25.3	2.95	4.7
Footnotes (1) Includes costs for wages and salaries and benefits. (2) The relative standard error (RSE) is the standard error expressed as a percent of the cost. (3) Includes mining, construction, and manufacturing. The agriculture, forestry, farming, and hunting sector is excluded. (4) The relative standard error for this estimate is equal to or greater than 30 percent. (5) Includes utilities; wholesale trade; retail trade; transportation and warehousing; information; finance and insurance; real estate and rental and leasing; professional, scientific, and technical services; management of companies and enterprises; administrative and waste services; educational services; health care and social assistance; arts, entertainment and recreation; accommodation and food services; and other services, except public administration.

Table 5. Employer Costs for Employee Compensation for private industry workers by bargaining and work status [June 2024]
Series	Total compensation(1)		Wages and salaries		Total benefits		Paid leave		Supplemental pay		Insurance		Retirement and savings		Legally required benefits
Series	Cost ($)	RSE(2)	Cost ($)	RSE(2)	Cost ($)	RSE(2)	Cost ($)	RSE(2)	Cost ($)	RSE(2)	Cost ($)	RSE(2)	Cost ($)	RSE(2)	Cost ($)	RSE(2)
Union workers	58.72	3.6	35.68	3.8	23.04	3.6	4.22	5.8	2.54	6.0	7.22	2.1	4.78	6.2	4.29	2.8
Goods-producing industries(3)	58.82	2.8	34.58	2.5	24.24	4.3	3.21	5.5	3.20	9.8	8.22	4.0	5.15	9.6	4.46	3.0
Manufacturing industry	51.10	3.6	29.26	2.7	21.84	5.2	3.58	5.6	3.84	10.1	8.05	5.3	2.62	10.5	3.75	3.2
Service-providing industries(4)	58.67	5.1	36.16	5.3	22.51	5.1	4.66	7.4	2.25	8.2	6.77	2.3	4.61	8.1	4.21	3.9
Trade, transportation, and utilities industry	60.26	7.1	37.43	7.8	22.82	6.2	4.41	8.9	2.34	10.0	6.69	3.7	5.05	9.4	4.33	4.2
Retail trade industry	28.42	1.6	18.01	1.8	10.40	2.1	1.67	3.8	0.82	5.0	3.64	4.4	1.97	3.9	2.32	2.0
Transportation and warehousing industry	70.67	9.5	44.22	10.4	26.45	8.3	5.25	12.0	2.89	13.7	7.43	4.5	5.92	11.8	4.96	5.5
Education and health services industry	67.31	8.0	41.26	7.5	26.05	8.9	6.38	12.7	2.81	14.4	7.28	4.5	4.92	13.1	4.66	7.6
Health care and social assistance industry	67.24	8.6	40.96	8.2	26.28	9.5	6.45	13.7	3.01	14.4	7.21	4.7	4.93	14.2	4.68	8.2

Nonunion workers	42.57	1.4	30.46	1.2	12.11	2.0	3.21	2.4	1.68	4.5	2.87	2.2	1.22	3.2	3.13	0.9
Goods-producing industries(3)	42.92	1.4	29.98	1.3	12.93	2.3	2.78	2.7	2.35	7.7	3.17	2.6	1.19	3.7	3.45	1.0
Manufacturing industries	42.97	1.7	29.30	1.6	13.67	2.3	3.21	3.1	2.32	3.3	3.63	2.6	1.31	5.0	3.20	1.3
Service-providing industries(4)	42.51	1.6	30.55	1.4	11.96	2.3	3.29	2.7	1.56	5.3	2.82	2.6	1.22	3.7	3.07	1.1
Trade, transportation, and utilities industries	33.77	2.5	25.01	2.4	8.75	2.9	2.14	4.4	0.93	3.9	2.13	3.2	0.87	5.9	2.69	1.8
Retail trade industries	24.77	1.5	19.39	1.3	5.39	2.4	1.23	3.7	0.50	5.6	1.22	3.9	0.38	5.1	2.05	1.3
Transportation and warehousing industries	39.06	7.5	27.98	8.3	11.07	6.3	2.44	12.6	1.06	8.7	3.08	7.7	1.13	11.6	3.37	4.6
Education and health services industries	45.56	3.7	32.70	3.5	12.86	4.6	3.91	5.6	1.22	8.6	3.09	5.2	1.40	7.7	3.24	2.2
Health care and social assistance industries	44.38	4.2	31.82	4.0	12.57	5.2	3.81	6.3	1.32	9.1	2.99	5.9	1.27	9.1	3.18	2.5

Full-time workers	50.31	1.5	34.59	1.4	15.71	1.7	4.06	2.1	2.17	4.1	4.07	1.6	1.88	2.7	3.54	1.0
Occupational group
Management, professional and related occupations	75.94	2.3	51.75	2.2	24.19	2.8	7.29	2.9	3.60	6.8	5.53	2.5	2.97	3.9	4.80	1.6
Management, business, and financial occupations	84.87	2.6	57.45	2.5	27.42	3.2	8.15	3.5	4.87	9.5	5.97	2.8	3.24	4.1	5.19	1.5
Professional and related occupations	70.08	2.8	48.00	2.7	22.07	3.3	6.72	3.6	2.76	7.1	5.25	2.9	2.79	4.7	4.55	2.1
Sales and office occupations	38.40	1.9	27.09	2.1	11.31	1.9	2.88	2.6	1.19	3.8	3.45	2.1	1.11	5.9	2.68	1.6
Sales and related occupations	44.20	4.0	32.58	4.1	11.62	4.2	3.19	5.9	1.25	8.0	2.87	3.5	1.25	12.1	3.06	3.2
Office and administrative support occupations	35.30	1.2	24.15	1.0	11.15	1.9	2.71	1.8	1.16	4.3	3.77	2.5	1.04	4.9	2.48	1.1
Service occupations	26.12	2.0	19.17	1.8	6.95	3.3	1.47	4.4	0.78	4.8	2.02	4.9	0.55	7.2	2.14	2.1
Natural resources, construction, and maintenance occupations	46.18	1.7	31.36	1.4	14.82	2.9	2.49	2.8	1.89	4.5	3.91	3.8	2.57	7.8	3.95	2.1
Construction, extraction, farming, fishing, and forestry occupations	44.65	3.2	30.51	2.4	14.14	5.2	1.74	5.0	1.86	5.2	3.72	6.3	2.69	11.5	4.13	4.1
Installation, maintenance, and repair occupations	47.85	2.6	32.28	2.4	15.57	4.1	3.30	3.1	1.94	6.2	4.12	4.4	2.44	11.9	3.76	2.3
Production, transportation, and material moving occupations	38.28	2.5	25.73	2.6	12.55	2.8	2.42	4.0	1.89	4.1	3.80	2.8	1.40	6.5	3.04	1.6
Production occupations	35.35	2.2	23.44	1.8	11.92	3.2	2.22	3.0	2.21	5.8	3.77	4.2	0.92	5.7	2.80	1.8
Transportation and material moving occupations	40.65	4.1	27.60	4.2	13.05	4.4	2.58	6.6	1.63	5.1	3.82	3.9	1.79	9.4	3.23	2.4
Industry group
Goods-producing industries(3)	46.00	1.4	30.99	1.3	15.00	2.1	2.91	2.6	2.53	6.5	4.07	3.0	1.86	4.1	3.63	1.4
Construction industry	48.04	2.5	33.26	2.3	14.78	3.9	2.29	5.2	2.38	18.0	3.60	4.6	2.37	8.0	4.14	2.5
Manufacturing industry	44.70	1.7	29.57	1.5	15.12	2.6	3.32	3.0	2.59	3.6	4.36	3.5	1.54	5.8	3.31	1.4
Service-providing industries(4)	51.47	1.8	35.56	1.7	15.91	2.1	4.36	2.4	2.07	5.0	4.07	1.9	1.88	3.2	3.51	1.3
Trade, transportation, and utilities industry	45.55	2.8	31.78	2.8	13.77	3.0	3.36	3.9	1.50	3.8	3.65	2.9	1.90	6.3	3.35	1.9
Information industry	80.02	3.5	51.34	3.5	28.68	3.9	8.34	4.5	4.24	10.6	7.39	3.3	3.72	9.7	4.99	3.0
Financial activities industry	61.22	1.9	40.17	1.9	21.05	2.7	5.62	2.5	3.92	8.6	5.50	2.2	2.21	3.6	3.80	1.6
Professional and business services industry	60.90	4.5	42.26	4.1	18.64	5.7	5.31	6.3	2.95	12.1	4.42	5.1	1.96	9.4	4.00	3.3
Education and health services industry	50.00	3.5	34.54	3.5	15.46	3.8	4.56	4.8	1.47	7.4	4.13	3.3	1.90	6.6	3.40	2.2
Leisure and hospitality industry	25.99	3.0	19.89	2.7	6.10	5.6	1.28	10.5	0.56	8.5	1.68	8.7	0.46	15.0	2.13	3.2
Other services industry	47.23	7.7	34.18	7.3	13.04	9.3	3.81	12.3	0.74	15.9	3.09	10.7	2.07	25.4	3.34	4.6

Part-time workers	24.31	3.2	19.53	3.2	4.79	4.6	0.96	10.0	0.48	8.3	0.68	8.2	0.40	10.0	2.26	2.9
Occupational group
Management, professional and related occupations	54.78	7.1	42.34	6.9	12.43	10.8	3.72	17.3	1.62	11.8	1.43	17.0	1.33	18.4	4.33	7.5
Professional and related occupations	55.92	7.5	43.16	7.2	12.76	11.2	3.81	18.0	1.69	11.7	1.46	17.4	1.37	19.3	4.43	7.8
Sales and office occupations	19.61	1.3	16.41	1.2	3.21	3.2	0.53	6.3	0.26	11.5	0.44	13.1	0.20	8.9	1.78	1.3
Sales and related occupations	17.88	1.1	15.16	1.0	2.72	2.3	0.38	4.7	0.19	17.7	0.31	10.5	0.18	8.9	1.66	0.8
Office and administrative support occupations	23.45	3.3	19.15	2.8	4.29	7.3	0.86	11.3	0.40	16.7	0.74	19.9	0.24	14.8	2.06	2.9
Service occupations	17.86	2.2	14.91	2.2	2.95	3.9	0.37	9.5	0.25	13.4	0.33	12.5	0.17	17.9	1.83	2.2
Production, transportation, and material moving occupations	24.30	3.6	18.12	2.5	6.19	7.2	1.05	7.9	0.56	9.1	1.50	12.9	0.65	15.8	2.43	3.5
Transportation and material moving occupations	24.54	3.6	18.25	2.5	6.29	7.2	1.07	7.9	0.53	9.9	1.56	12.8	0.68	15.0	2.45	3.7
Industry group
Service-providing industries(4)	24.26	3.3	19.49	3.3	4.78	4.7	0.97	10.2	0.47	8.6	0.68	8.3	0.41	10.1	2.25	2.9
Trade, transportation, and utilities industry	21.60	2.6	17.01	1.7	4.59	6.4	0.70	7.7	0.38	9.2	0.99	11.0	0.48	13.2	2.05	2.7
Professional and business services industry	33.10	17.6	27.34	18.6	5.76	14.3	0.94	24.4	1.08	25.1	(5)0.41	31.1	(5)0.20	33.3	3.12	19.0
Education and health services industry	38.95	8.6	29.82	7.9	9.13	11.7	2.72	17.8	0.96	13.8	1.24	15.2	1.00	15.7	3.22	6.9
Leisure and hospitality industry	16.08	2.5	13.83	2.6	2.25	3.2	0.22	13.5	0.14	21.0	0.16	15.6	0.07	16.6	1.67	2.6
Footnotes (1) Includes costs for wages and salaries and benefits. (2) The relative standard error (RSE) is the standard error expressed as a percent of the cost. (3) Includes mining, construction, and manufacturing. The agriculture, forestry, farming, and hunting sector is excluded. (4) Includes utilities; wholesale trade; retail trade; transportation and warehousing; information; finance and insurance; real estate and rental and leasing; professional and technical services; management of companies and enterprises; administrative and waste services; educational services; health care and social assistance; arts, entertainment and recreation; accommodation and food services; and other services, except public administration. (5) The relative standard error for this estimate is equal to or greater than 30 percent.

Table 6. Employer Costs for Employee Compensation for private industry workers by establishment size and industry group [June 2024]
Series	Total compensation(1)		Wages and salaries		Total benefits		Paid leave		Supplemental pay		Insurance		Retirement and savings		Legally required benefits
Series	Cost ($)	RSE(2)	Cost ($)	RSE(2)	Cost ($)	RSE(2)	Cost ($)	RSE(2)	Cost ($)	RSE(2)	Cost ($)	RSE(2)	Cost ($)	RSE(2)	Cost ($)	RSE(2)
All workers	43.94	1.4	30.90	1.3	13.04	1.8	3.30	2.2	1.76	4.0	3.24	2.0	1.52	2.8	3.22	1.0
1-99 workers	35.49	1.3	26.29	1.2	9.20	1.8	2.21	2.5	1.10	6.2	2.21	2.8	0.87	4.3	2.81	1.1
1-49 workers	34.98	1.7	26.16	1.5	8.82	2.5	2.13	3.3	1.03	9.1	2.04	3.5	0.81	5.4	2.79	1.4
50-99 workers	37.01	2.9	26.66	2.6	10.35	3.9	2.42	5.0	1.30	9.0	2.72	4.1	1.06	7.2	2.85	2.4
100 workers or more	54.04	1.9	36.42	2.0	17.63	2.2	4.60	2.8	2.54	4.2	4.47	2.1	2.29	3.6	3.72	1.4
100-499 workers	46.76	2.7	32.56	2.7	14.19	2.9	3.73	4.3	1.78	5.0	3.71	2.6	1.65	6.0	3.33	1.8
500 workers or more	63.51	2.4	41.42	2.5	22.09	2.9	5.74	3.7	3.54	5.3	5.46	2.7	3.11	4.6	4.23	2.1

Goods-producing industries(3)	45.41	1.4	30.70	1.3	14.71	2.1	2.84	2.5	2.49	6.4	3.96	3.0	1.81	4.2	3.61	1.4
1-99 workers	39.98	2.0	28.57	1.5	11.41	4.1	2.01	2.9	1.86	16.4	2.74	4.1	1.32	13.1	3.49	2.0
1-49 workers	39.12	2.9	28.16	1.9	10.96	6.6	1.86	4.4	1.86	24.9	2.45	6.1	1.26	18.5	3.52	2.6
50-99 workers	42.04	3.4	29.55	2.6	12.49	5.9	2.35	7.4	1.86	8.6	3.42	8.5	1.46	13.9	3.41	2.7
100 workers or more	50.26	2.2	32.61	2.0	17.65	2.9	3.59	3.9	3.04	3.7	5.06	3.5	2.24	7.2	3.71	1.9
100-499 workers	46.80	2.7	31.28	2.5	15.53	3.6	3.17	4.5	2.29	4.1	4.44	3.8	2.00	10.7	3.62	2.3
500 workers or more	55.62	3.1	34.68	3.1	20.94	3.7	4.24	6.1	4.22	4.2	6.02	4.8	2.61	8.2	3.85	2.6

Manufacturing industry	44.17	1.7	29.29	1.4	14.87	2.5	3.26	2.9	2.55	3.6	4.28	3.4	1.50	5.7	3.28	1.3
1-99 workers	35.71	2.4	25.78	2.1	9.93	3.7	2.28	3.6	1.31	6.8	2.76	6.4	0.65	9.6	2.92	2.0
1-49 workers	34.27	3.5	25.10	3.0	9.17	5.2	2.17	6.4	1.13	11.3	2.43	8.3	0.55	11.8	2.88	2.9
50-99 workers	38.09	5.3	26.92	4.3	11.17	8.3	2.47	8.6	1.62	12.6	3.29	10.2	0.81	18.2	2.99	4.0
100 workers or more	48.82	2.4	31.22	2.2	17.59	3.0	3.80	4.1	3.23	3.7	5.11	3.6	1.97	6.6	3.48	2.1
100-499 workers	43.15	2.2	28.76	2.2	14.39	2.4	3.30	3.5	2.24	3.9	4.21	2.8	1.43	7.1	3.21	1.7
500 workers or more	55.78	3.5	34.25	3.3	21.53	4.2	4.43	6.5	4.44	4.6	6.22	5.1	2.64	9.2	3.81	3.2

Service-providing industries(4)	43.65	1.6	30.94	1.5	12.71	2.1	3.39	2.6	1.61	4.9	3.10	2.3	1.46	3.3	3.15	1.1
1-99 workers	34.73	1.5	25.91	1.4	8.83	2.0	2.24	2.8	0.97	6.4	2.13	3.3	0.80	4.0	2.69	1.2
1-49 workers	34.34	1.9	25.85	1.7	8.48	2.7	2.18	3.7	0.90	8.9	1.98	4.0	0.74	4.5	2.68	1.5
50-99 workers	35.98	3.4	26.06	3.2	9.92	4.6	2.44	5.8	1.18	11.4	2.58	4.7	0.98	8.2	2.74	2.9
100 workers or more	54.94	2.3	37.32	2.3	17.62	2.7	4.84	3.2	2.42	5.4	4.33	2.4	2.30	4.1	3.73	1.6
100-499 workers	46.75	3.3	32.90	3.4	13.85	3.7	3.87	5.1	1.64	6.7	3.52	3.2	1.56	7.4	3.25	2.2
500 workers or more	65.16	2.8	42.83	2.9	22.33	3.4	6.05	4.1	3.40	6.6	5.34	3.0	3.22	5.1	4.31	2.4

Trade, transportation, and utilities industry	37.14	2.7	26.60	2.5	10.55	3.3	2.43	4.3	1.11	3.6	2.71	3.5	1.40	6.6	2.90	1.9
1-99 workers	33.14	3.7	24.96	3.3	8.17	4.7	1.91	6.1	0.78	5.3	2.04	5.6	0.77	9.9	2.68	2.8
1-49 workers	32.62	4.5	24.96	4.2	7.66	5.6	1.83	8.0	0.73	8.5	1.81	6.2	0.66	9.9	2.63	3.4
50-99 workers	34.75	4.0	24.97	3.5	9.78	6.4	2.16	7.3	0.92	9.4	2.76	9.5	1.14	14.8	2.81	3.6
100 workers or more	41.68	3.8	28.44	3.5	13.24	4.6	3.01	5.8	1.49	6.2	3.48	4.4	2.12	8.0	3.15	2.5
100-499 workers	33.99	3.1	24.08	2.8	9.91	4.0	2.27	6.0	1.02	7.1	2.73	4.3	1.19	7.7	2.70	2.4
500 workers or more	58.67	6.1	38.08	6.5	20.58	6.0	4.66	7.8	2.52	8.1	5.12	4.9	4.15	9.8	4.14	4.0

Wholesale trade industry	50.29	4.3	35.58	4.3	14.71	4.4	3.89	6.9	1.87	6.5	3.63	5.7	1.67	8.4	3.65	3.5
1-99 workers	47.14	4.9	34.07	4.7	13.07	5.5	3.41	6.9	1.47	6.9	3.34	8.0	1.33	7.0	3.51	4.2
1-49 workers	47.50	6.0	34.71	5.8	12.79	6.8	3.36	8.2	1.37	9.7	3.21	9.2	1.31	7.6	3.54	4.9
100 workers or more	56.14	7.7	38.39	7.8	17.74	7.7	4.79	12.2	2.61	11.1	4.15	4.9	2.30	14.4	3.89	6.1
100-499 workers	53.02	9.6	36.85	9.7	16.16	9.6	4.27	15.9	2.19	13.2	3.98	6.5	1.99	17.0	3.73	7.4

Retail trade industry	24.99	1.5	19.31	1.3	5.68	2.3	1.26	3.5	0.52	5.2	1.36	3.5	0.48	4.8	2.07	1.2
1-99 workers	24.17	2.4	19.27	2.2	4.90	3.7	1.08	5.8	0.42	9.4	1.04	7.0	0.32	8.6	2.04	1.9
1-49 workers	23.63	2.9	19.02	2.5	4.61	5.2	1.01	6.5	0.41	12.4	0.93	10.0	0.25	11.9	2.01	2.3
50-99 workers	26.11	4.6	20.17	4.4	5.94	6.7	1.34	8.8	0.43	9.3	1.44	10.1	0.56	14.9	2.17	4.3
100 workers or more	26.15	1.6	19.36	1.4	6.79	2.4	1.51	4.1	0.66	6.5	1.81	2.0	0.70	3.6	2.11	1.2
100-499 workers	25.67	1.4	19.04	1.2	6.64	2.1	1.45	3.3	0.63	6.1	1.80	2.3	0.67	3.2	2.08	1.1

Transportation and warehousing industry	49.98	5.9	33.59	6.0	16.39	6.2	3.41	9.0	1.69	8.2	4.58	6.1	2.78	10.8	3.92	3.8
1-99 workers	43.34	13.4	31.43	13.7	11.91	13.0	2.43	23.8	0.98	8.0	3.54	12.5	1.29	26.6	3.67	8.4
1-49 workers	44.00	19.6	33.17	20.5	10.83	17.4	(5)2.39	37.7	0.83	18.3	2.92	13.3	(5)0.97	31.5	3.71	12.1
100 workers or more	53.07	7.2	34.60	7.2	18.47	7.7	3.87	9.9	2.02	9.9	5.06	7.0	3.48	12.2	4.04	4.4
100-499 workers	40.04	6.5	27.00	5.7	13.04	8.5	2.69	11.2	1.17	12.5	4.08	9.5	1.59	19.7	3.51	4.9

Information industry	75.76	3.5	48.89	3.4	26.87	4.0	7.79	4.7	3.98	9.8	6.88	3.8	3.47	10.0	4.76	3.0
1-99 workers	56.43	6.6	37.70	5.2	18.72	10.1	5.15	11.1	1.85	12.9	5.21	5.8	(5)2.66	31.8	3.85	5.8
100 workers or more	94.82	4.8	59.92	4.9	34.91	5.0	10.39	5.2	6.07	10.8	8.52	3.3	4.26	8.2	5.66	3.9
100-499 workers	73.49	7.2	48.00	8.3	25.50	5.8	7.49	8.7	3.68	9.5	7.04	5.0	2.79	8.3	4.50	6.4
500 workers or more	110.73	5.2	68.81	5.5	41.92	5.8	12.55	5.6	7.86	13.2	9.63	3.7	5.37	11.4	6.53	4.2

Financial activities industry	59.19	2.1	39.06	2.0	20.12	2.9	5.36	2.8	3.72	8.6	5.23	2.2	2.11	3.9	3.71	1.7
1-99 workers	49.06	3.4	33.80	3.2	15.26	4.8	4.12	4.7	2.32	17.4	4.20	4.0	1.37	6.9	3.25	2.8
1-49 workers	47.47	3.6	32.90	3.3	14.57	5.2	3.95	5.1	2.20	20.1	3.98	4.8	1.26	8.3	3.18	2.9
100 workers or more	73.79	2.6	46.66	2.4	27.13	3.4	7.14	3.2	5.72	9.6	6.72	2.6	3.17	4.5	4.37	1.9
100-499 workers	69.23	5.4	44.09	4.6	25.14	7.7	6.44	6.6	5.70	21.9	6.20	4.8	2.72	9.1	4.08	4.0
500 workers or more	76.89	2.8	48.41	2.7	28.48	3.1	7.62	3.0	5.74	6.0	7.08	3.1	3.48	4.5	4.57	2.1

Professional and business services industry	57.61	4.1	40.49	3.8	17.12	5.7	4.79	6.7	2.73	11.7	3.95	5.4	1.75	10.2	3.90	3.2
1-99 workers	49.99	3.4	36.07	3.1	13.93	5.3	3.66	5.3	2.16	16.2	3.22	7.5	1.28	13.3	3.61	2.8
1-49 workers	48.66	4.1	35.26	3.7	13.40	6.2	3.50	6.8	1.99	22.1	3.06	8.9	1.28	17.8	3.56	3.4
50-99 workers	53.77	10.1	38.34	9.5	15.43	12.6	4.12	13.5	2.62	28.5	3.67	10.3	1.27	16.1	3.75	8.1
100 workers or more	64.50	5.6	44.49	5.3	20.01	7.3	5.81	8.8	3.25	13.2	4.60	5.1	2.18	13.1	4.16	4.7
100-499 workers	60.82	6.1	42.77	6.0	18.05	7.0	5.43	9.4	2.36	13.2	4.53	5.1	1.83	13.6	3.89	5.2
500 workers or more	68.89	6.9	46.55	7.1	22.34	9.4	6.27	11.9	4.31	16.1	4.69	8.3	2.59	16.3	4.48	6.8

Education and health services industry	47.28	3.5	33.38	3.3	13.91	4.2	4.11	5.2	1.35	7.7	3.42	4.3	1.68	6.9	3.36	2.2
1-99 workers	33.69	4.4	25.54	3.9	8.15	6.9	2.36	7.2	0.52	12.6	2.03	10.8	0.62	15.8	2.62	3.6
1-49 workers	32.31	5.3	24.88	4.7	7.43	8.7	2.16	9.8	0.42	17.6	1.77	14.0	0.52	21.6	2.56	4.5
50-99 workers	38.77	7.9	27.99	7.5	10.78	9.2	3.09	11.0	0.89	19.0	2.99	7.6	0.99	18.3	2.83	6.7
100 workers or more	59.16	4.7	40.22	4.9	18.94	4.7	5.63	6.2	2.07	7.0	4.63	4.0	2.60	7.0	4.00	3.4
100-499 workers	52.42	10.8	37.39	10.9	15.02	11.6	4.78	14.0	1.29	15.0	3.57	10.1	1.81	23.3	3.58	6.5
500 workers or more	64.39	3.8	42.42	3.6	21.97	4.5	6.30	6.0	2.67	8.3	5.46	3.2	3.21	6.7	4.33	3.9

Educational services industry	54.88	4.2	39.40	3.6	15.48	6.3	4.72	8.9	0.49	16.3	4.04	7.1	2.47	10.0	3.75	3.7
1-99 workers	41.27	7.3	31.91	6.1	9.36	12.1	2.28	15.4	(5)0.35	43.1	2.43	21.3	1.21	23.3	3.10	6.6
100 workers or more	65.67	3.4	45.33	3.4	20.33	4.2	6.65	7.2	0.61	10.7	5.32	5.0	3.48	7.0	4.27	2.8
100-499 workers	51.28	7.5	37.01	6.5	14.27	12.3	4.71	19.5	(5)0.23	34.3	3.83	13.1	1.86	28.4	3.65	7.3
500 workers or more	76.55	4.5	51.63	4.1	24.92	6.1	8.12	14.2	0.90	9.2	6.46	3.3	4.70	4.7	4.74	4.6

Health care and social assistance industry	46.26	3.9	32.57	3.8	13.69	4.7	4.02	5.9	1.46	8.1	3.34	4.8	1.57	8.0	3.30	2.4
1-99 workers	32.74	5.0	24.74	4.4	8.00	7.7	2.37	7.8	0.54	13.3	1.98	12.1	0.55	19.7	2.56	4.0
1-49 workers	31.30	6.2	24.03	5.5	7.27	10.0	2.17	10.9	0.43	18.8	1.72	15.8	0.46	27.7	2.50	5.2
50-99 workers	37.80	8.8	27.24	8.5	10.56	10.2	3.06	11.9	0.94	19.4	2.92	8.6	0.87	21.2	2.77	7.4
100 workers or more	58.24	5.5	39.50	5.7	18.74	5.4	5.49	7.1	2.27	7.1	4.54	4.6	2.48	8.3	3.96	3.8
100-499 workers	52.57	12.2	37.45	12.3	15.13	13.0	4.79	15.7	1.43	14.9	3.53	11.6	1.80	26.3	3.57	7.4
500 workers or more	62.65	4.4	41.10	4.2	21.55	5.1	6.04	6.7	2.93	8.6	5.32	3.6	3.00	8.2	4.27	4.5

Leisure and hospitality industry	20.01	2.7	16.23	2.2	3.78	6.0	0.64	12.4	0.30	10.4	0.76	13.2	0.22	15.5	1.85	2.0
1-99 workers	18.04	2.5	15.01	2.1	3.03	6.1	0.40	12.9	0.25	12.2	0.54	17.2	0.11	22.0	1.74	1.6
1-49 workers	18.37	2.6	15.37	2.2	3.00	6.1	0.43	11.0	0.23	13.1	0.47	19.0	0.09	22.0	1.77	2.5
50-99 workers	17.28	3.4	14.17	3.0	3.11	9.3	0.32	26.7	0.29	16.8	0.70	24.4	0.15	28.9	1.65	3.8
100 workers or more	26.87	5.3	20.49	5.5	6.38	6.3	1.48	12.3	0.49	14.8	1.54	11.7	0.62	16.1	2.25	5.3
100-499 workers	25.28	8.0	19.66	7.9	5.62	12.0	1.27	20.5	0.42	16.5	1.34	20.9	0.45	22.0	2.15	8.2
500 workers or more	30.29	8.6	22.27	8.4	8.02	10.5	1.94	18.0	(5)0.64	31.4	1.98	15.6	0.98	25.8	2.48	8.0
Footnotes (1) Includes costs for wages and salaries and benefits. (2) The relative standard error (RSE) is the standard error expressed as a percent of the cost. (3) Includes mining, construction, and manufacturing. The agriculture, forestry, farming, and hunting sector is excluded. (4) Includes utilities; wholesale trade; retail trade; transportation and warehousing; information; finance and insurance; real estate and rental and leasing; professional and technical services; management of companies and enterprises; administrative and waste services; educational services; health care and social assistance; arts, entertainment and recreation; accommodation and food services; and other services, except public administration. (5) The relative standard error for this estimate is equal to or greater than 30 percent.

Table 7. Employer Costs for Employee Compensation for private industry workers by census region and division [June 2024]
Area(1)	Total compensation(2)		Wages and salaries		Total benefits		Paid leave		Supplemental pay		Insurance		Retirement and savings		Legally required benefits
Area(1)	Cost ($)	RSE(3)	Cost ($)	RSE(3)	Cost ($)	RSE(3)	Cost ($)	RSE(3)	Cost ($)	RSE(3)	Cost ($)	RSE(3)	Cost ($)	RSE(3)	Cost ($)	RSE(3)
Northeast	53.15	3.1	36.65	3.1	16.49	4.0	4.33	5.3	2.11	10.1	4.10	5.2	2.10	5.7	3.87	2.1
New England	52.05	3.6	35.37	3.9	16.68	3.8	4.17	7.4	2.85	19.4	4.10	6.9	1.94	9.0	3.62	3.6
Middle Atlantic	53.53	4.1	37.11	4.0	16.43	5.6	4.38	7.1	1.85	11.6	4.09	6.7	2.15	7.1	3.95	2.4
South	38.99	1.9	28.03	1.6	10.96	2.9	2.85	3.0	1.47	6.2	2.69	3.5	1.15	5.5	2.79	1.6
South Atlantic	40.81	1.6	29.30	1.4	11.51	2.4	3.11	2.8	1.46	5.0	2.78	4.4	1.21	6.6	2.95	1.5
East South Central	31.95	4.6	23.05	4.1	8.89	6.1	2.06	8.4	1.25	9.0	2.47	4.7	0.80	14.0	2.31	3.7
West South Central	39.09	5.0	28.14	3.9	10.95	8.0	2.75	7.4	1.60	16.3	2.64	7.9	1.21	10.9	2.74	3.8
Midwest	41.70	3.1	28.89	2.7	12.80	4.2	3.01	5.8	1.87	7.1	3.40	4.0	1.52	6.9	3.01	2.2
East North Central	42.77	4.0	29.59	3.5	13.18	5.2	3.12	7.4	1.95	8.1	3.40	4.3	1.65	8.6	3.07	2.8
West North Central	39.38	4.1	27.39	3.2	11.99	6.4	2.78	8.2	1.70	14.0	3.41	8.5	1.23	8.0	2.88	3.3
West	46.47	3.1	32.77	3.0	13.70	3.5	3.47	4.7	1.79	9.1	3.23	3.4	1.62	4.8	3.59	2.0
Mountain	38.61	2.6	27.80	2.2	10.81	3.8	2.64	5.1	1.40	5.7	2.71	4.0	1.12	11.9	2.94	2.3
Pacific	50.78	3.9	35.49	4.0	15.29	4.2	3.93	5.8	2.01	12.1	3.52	4.3	1.89	4.2	3.94	2.3
Footnotes (1) The census divisions are defined as follows: New England: Connecticut, Maine, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, Rhode Island and Vermont; Middle Atlantic: New Jersey, New York, and Pennsylvania; South Atlantic: Delaware, District of Columbia, Florida, Georgia, Maryland, North Carolina, South Carolina, Virginia, and West Virginia; East South Central: Alabama, Kentucky, Mississippi, and Tennessee; West South Central: Arkansas, Louisiana, Oklahoma, and Texas; East North Central: Illinois, Indiana, Michigan, Ohio, and Wisconsin; West North Central: Iowa, Kansas, Minnesota, Missouri, Nebraska, North Dakota, and South Dakota; Mountain: Arizona, Colorado, Idaho, Montana, Nevada, New Mexico, Utah, and Wyoming; and Pacific: Alaska, California, Hawaii, Oregon, and Washington. (2) Includes costs for wages and salaries and benefits. (3) The relative standard error (RSE) is the standard error expressed as a percent of the cost.

Last Modified Date: September 10, 2024