Department of Labor Logo United States Department of Labor
Dot gov

The .gov means it's official.
Federal government websites often end in .gov or .mil. Before sharing sensitive information, make sure you're on a federal government site.

Https

The site is secure.
The https:// ensures that you are connecting to the official website and that any information you provide is encrypted and transmitted securely.

Employer Costs for Employee Compensation

Employer Costs for Employee Compensation Relative Standard Errors

Because the Employer Costs for Employee Compensation is a sample survey, it is subject to sampling errors. Sampling errors are differences that occur between the results computed from a sample of observations and those computed from all observations in the population. The estimates derived from different samples selected using the same sample design may differ from each other. A measure of the variation among these differing estimates is the standard error. The relative standard error is the standard error expressed as a percent of the cost. It can be used to measure the precision with which an estimate from a particular sample approximates the expected result of all possible samples. The chances are about 68 out of 100 that an estimate from the survey differs from a complete population figure by less than the standard error. The chances are about 90 out of 100 that this difference would be less than 1.6 times the standard error. Footnotes have been added for estimates with relative standard errors greater than 30 percent.

For a more detailed explanation of relative standard errors, see Measuring Trends in the Structure and Levels of Employer Costs for Employee Compensation, Compensation and Working Conditions, Summer 1997. For a detailed explanation of how to use standard error data to analyze differences in year-to-year changes, see Analyzing Year-to-Year Changes in Employer Costs for Employee Compensation, Compensation and Working Conditions, Spring 1998. This article supplements an article from the Summer 1997 issue of Compensation and Working Conditions, Explaining the Differential Growth Rates of the ECI and ECEC, which examined how differences in the construction of these measures contribute to differing trends.

Standard errors relate to differences that occur from sampling errors, but not from nonsampling errors. Sampling errors are differences between the results computed from a sample of observations and those computed from all observations in the population. Nonsampling errors are not measured and include survey nonresponse and data collection and processing errors. Survey nonresponse is when sample members are unwilling or unable to participate in the survey. Data collection errors include provision of inaccurate data by respondents and definitional difficulties. Processing errors include errors in recording, coding, and entering data. Although nonsampling errors are not measured, BLS quality assurance programs contain procedures for reducing such errors. These procedures include data collection reinterviews, observed interviews, computer data edits, and systematic review of reports on which data are recorded. Extensive field economist training also is conducted to maintain high data collection standards.

Obtaining information

Articles, bulletins, and other information may be obtained through the Employer Costs for Employee Compensation webpage by contacting us by email or calling (202) 691-6199. If you are deaf, hard of hearing, or have a speech disability, please dial 7-1-1 to access telecommunications relay services.

Table 1. Employer Costs for Employee Compensation by ownership [Dec. 2024]
Compensation component Civilian workers(1) Private industry
workers
State and local
government workers
Cost ($) Relative
standard error
Cost ($) Relative
standard error
Cost ($) Relative
standard error

Total compensation(2)

47.20 1.2 44.67 1.5 63.46 0.8

Wages and salaries

32.52 1.2 31.47 1.5 39.22 0.8

Total benefits

14.68 1.4 13.20 1.7 24.23 1.0

Paid leave

3.55 1.9 3.38 2.3 4.66 1.6

Vacation

1.72 2.4 1.71 2.7 1.74 2.3

Holiday

1.04 1.8 0.99 2.1 1.36 2.2

Sick

0.55 1.4 0.45 1.9 1.20 1.2

Personal

0.25 3.0 0.23 3.7 0.37 2.5

Supplemental pay

1.68 3.5 1.84 3.7 0.63 4.2

Overtime and premium(3)

0.41 2.5 0.43 2.7 0.28 4.8

Shift differentials

0.09 4.6 0.09 5.1 0.06 7.1

Nonproduction bonuses

1.18 4.9 1.32 5.1 0.29 5.9

Insurance

3.75 1.5 3.22 1.9 7.14 1.1

Life

0.06 3.3 0.05 4.1 0.09 3.3

Health

3.54 1.5 3.01 1.9 6.95 1.1

Short-term disability

0.09 2.6 0.10 2.7 0.04 4.3

Long-term disability

0.06 2.7 0.05 3.1 0.06 3.8

Retirement and savings

2.45 2.0 1.52 2.8 8.42 1.5

Defined benefit

1.40 2.7 0.41 6.5 7.83 1.5

Defined contribution

1.04 2.8 1.11 3.0 0.59 4.9

Legally Required benefits

3.26 0.8 3.24 0.9 3.38 1.3

Social Security and Medicare

2.66 0.9 2.66 1.0 2.70 1.3

Social Security(4)

2.12 0.8 2.13 0.9 2.05 1.5

Medicare

0.54 1.3 0.53 1.5 0.64 0.8

Federal unemployment insurance

0.03 5.3 0.03 5.2 (a)- (5)-

State unemployment insurance

0.13 2.2 0.13 2.3 0.06 7.8

Workers' compensation

0.44 1.5 0.42 1.7 0.62 2.8

Footnotes
(1) Includes workers in the private nonfarm economy except those in private households, and workers in the public sector, except the federal government.
(2) Includes costs for wages and salaries and benefits.
(3) Includes premium pay for work (such as overtime, weekends, and holidays) in addition to the regular work schedule.
(4) Social Security refers to the Old-Age, Survivors, and Disability Insurance (OASDI) program.
(5) The relative standard error is not available as the cost per hour worked is $0.01 or less.
(a) Cost per hour worked is $0.01 or less.

Table 2. Employer Costs for Employee Compensation for civilian workers by occupational and industry group [Dec. 2024]
Series Total compensation(1) Wages and salaries Total benefits Paid leave Supplemental pay Insurance Retirement and savings Legally required benefits
Cost ($) RSE(2) Cost ($) RSE(2) Cost ($) RSE(2) Cost ($) RSE(2) Cost ($) RSE(2) Cost ($) RSE(2) Cost ($) RSE(2) Cost ($) RSE(2)

Civilian workers(3)

47.20 1.2 32.52 1.2 14.68 1.4 3.55 1.9 1.68 3.5 3.75 1.5 2.45 2.0 3.26 0.8

Occupational group

Management, professional, and related

74.88 1.7 50.75 1.7 24.13 1.8 6.59 2.2 2.82 5.4 5.67 1.8 4.52 2.2 4.54 1.1

Management, business and financial

86.66 2.7 58.14 2.6 28.52 3.1 8.41 3.7 4.57 8.2 6.04 2.4 4.30 3.4 5.21 1.5

Professional and related

69.80 1.5 47.56 1.6 22.24 1.7 5.80 2.3 2.06 4.4 5.51 2.0 4.61 2.5 4.25 1.2

Teachers(4)

75.69 3.3 51.49 3.7 24.20 2.8 3.97 6.7 0.40 10.8 6.87 3.1 9.18 3.3 3.79 2.9

Primary, secondary, and special education school teachers

73.71 2.7 48.50 2.5 25.21 3.3 3.30 3.7 0.31 5.8 7.63 3.8 10.58 4.1 3.38 2.7

Registered nurses

75.51 2.1 49.37 1.6 26.13 3.5 7.32 4.6 3.68 6.0 6.03 2.9 4.11 6.2 4.99 2.2

Sales and office

35.36 1.5 24.90 1.5 10.46 1.9 2.47 2.7 1.02 6.2 3.16 2.0 1.32 3.8 2.50 1.2

Sales and related

34.63 3.0 26.09 2.9 8.54 4.1 2.10 5.8 1.04 15.3 1.97 3.9 0.86 9.1 2.57 2.2

Office and administrative support

35.86 1.0 24.09 0.9 11.77 1.6 2.72 1.9 1.00 3.2 3.96 2.0 1.63 3.7 2.46 0.9

Service

25.45 1.4 18.51 1.2 6.94 2.7 1.32 2.8 0.62 5.7 1.73 4.1 1.18 6.3 2.08 1.2

Natural resources, construction, and maintenance

45.80 1.3 31.14 1.2 14.67 2.1 2.67 2.8 1.76 3.2 3.86 2.3 2.54 6.3 3.83 1.4

Construction, extraction, farming, fishing, and forestry

44.55 2.0 30.39 1.6 14.16 3.0 2.08 2.7 1.75 4.3 3.83 3.7 2.50 7.3 3.99 3.0

Installation, maintenance, and repair

47.18 2.8 31.95 2.5 15.23 4.1 3.33 3.7 1.76 5.7 3.89 4.1 2.59 9.8 3.66 2.4

Production, transportation, and material moving

35.41 2.0 24.31 2.2 11.10 2.0 2.15 2.6 1.57 3.5 3.23 2.5 1.26 4.4 2.89 1.6

Production

35.61 1.4 23.80 1.3 11.80 2.1 2.22 2.0 2.22 5.4 3.55 2.5 1.00 4.7 2.81 1.2

Transportation and material moving

35.30 3.2 24.60 3.4 10.69 3.1 2.10 4.4 1.20 3.4 3.04 3.9 1.41 6.1 2.93 2.4

Industry group

Education and health services

53.55 3.2 36.55 3.3 17.00 3.1 4.13 4.3 1.16 6.2 4.62 3.1 3.82 4.0 3.28 2.1

Educational services

64.46 0.9 42.47 0.9 22.00 1.3 4.12 1.8 0.35 4.9 6.58 1.7 7.58 2.0 3.37 1.2

Elementary and secondary schools

62.85 1.0 40.79 0.8 22.06 1.6 3.26 2.7 0.27 4.3 6.92 2.0 8.53 2.1 3.07 1.4

Junior colleges, colleges, and universities

73.16 1.7 48.10 1.8 25.06 1.9 6.35 2.7 0.51 7.0 6.98 2.8 7.21 3.1 4.01 2.1

Health care and social assistance

47.56 5.2 33.30 5.4 14.26 5.0 4.13 6.6 1.60 6.8 3.55 5.1 1.75 7.9 3.24 3.2

Hospitals

68.17 5.7 44.64 6.4 23.53 4.5 6.64 7.1 3.08 5.3 5.87 3.0 3.73 7.1 4.21 2.8

Footnotes
(1) Includes costs for wages and salaries and benefits.
(2) The relative standard error (RSE) is the standard error expressed as a percent of the cost.
(3) Includes workers in the private nonfarm economy except those in private households, and workers in the public sector, except the federal government.
(4) Includes postsecondary teachers; primary, secondary, and special education teachers; and other teachers and instructors.

Table 3. Employer Costs for Employee Compensation for state and local government workers by occupational and industry group [Dec. 2024]
Series Total compensation(1) Wages and salaries Total benefits Paid leave Supplemental pay Insurance Retirement and savings Legally required benefits
Cost ($) RSE(2) Cost ($) RSE(2) Cost ($) RSE(2) Cost ($) RSE(2) Cost ($) RSE(2) Cost ($) RSE(2) Cost ($) RSE(2) Cost ($) RSE(2)

State and local government workers

63.46 0.8 39.22 0.8 24.23 1.0 4.66 1.6 0.63 4.2 7.14 1.1 8.42 1.5 3.38 1.3

Occupational group

Management, professional, and related

75.41 1.0 48.16 1.1 27.25 1.2 5.15 2.1 0.48 5.4 7.79 1.3 10.06 1.6 3.77 1.6

Professional and related

73.15 1.0 47.03 1.1 26.12 1.2 4.57 2.1 0.47 5.7 7.74 1.4 9.70 1.6 3.63 1.6

Teachers(3)

82.22 1.2 54.27 1.4 27.95 1.4 3.90 2.9 0.31 7.7 8.24 1.6 11.72 1.6 3.79 2.0

Primary, secondary, and special education school teachers

81.22 1.2 52.79 1.2 28.44 1.5 3.51 3.0 0.29 5.3 8.68 1.9 12.41 2.2 3.54 2.3

Sales and office

44.32 1.8 25.51 1.9 18.81 2.2 3.87 2.3 0.40 9.3 6.80 2.4 5.16 3.4 2.59 2.1

Office and administrative support

44.51 1.9 25.56 2.0 18.95 2.3 3.88 2.3 0.40 9.3 6.88 2.5 5.20 3.5 2.59 2.2

Service

47.95 2.4 27.45 2.1 20.51 2.8 3.98 3.2 1.03 6.6 5.67 2.1 6.97 4.8 2.85 2.2

Industry group

Education and health services

65.81 0.9 42.05 0.8 23.76 1.2 4.19 2.3 0.44 5.4 7.29 1.3 8.57 1.6 3.28 1.6

Educational services

67.32 0.8 43.23 0.8 24.09 1.1 3.99 2.4 0.31 6.8 7.38 1.3 9.16 1.5 3.26 1.6

Elementary and secondary schools

65.02 1.0 41.78 0.9 23.24 1.5 3.28 2.7 0.27 4.7 7.33 1.6 9.29 1.9 3.07 1.6

Junior colleges, colleges, and universities

74.02 2.1 47.45 2.3 26.57 2.1 6.07 4.0 0.39 14.1 7.50 3.2 8.83 3.8 3.78 2.9

Health care and social assistance

56.92 3.8 35.10 4.0 21.82 4.2 5.40 5.5 1.19 8.0 6.73 4.5 5.08 6.5 3.41 5.0

Hospitals

59.65 4.5 37.56 4.6 22.09 4.9 5.60 5.8 1.35 9.4 6.71 5.1 4.89 10.6 3.53 6.0

Public administration

62.29 1.8 35.91 2.0 26.37 1.9 5.73 2.1 0.95 6.3 7.15 2.0 8.90 3.0 3.64 2.5

Footnotes
(1) Includes costs for wages and salaries and benefits.
(2) The relative standard error (RSE) is the standard error expressed as a percent of the cost.
(3) Includes postsecondary teachers; primary, secondary, and special education teachers; and other teachers and instructors.

Table 4. Employer Costs for Employee Compensation for private industry workers by occupational and industry group [Dec. 2024]
Series Total compensation(1) Wages and salaries Total benefits Paid leave Supplemental pay Insurance Retirement and savings Legally required benefits
Cost ($) RSE(2) Cost ($) RSE(2) Cost ($) RSE(2) Cost ($) RSE(2) Cost ($) RSE(2) Cost ($) RSE(2) Cost ($) RSE(2) Cost ($) RSE(2)

Private industry workers

44.67 1.5 31.47 1.5 13.20 1.7 3.38 2.3 1.84 3.7 3.22 1.9 1.52 2.8 3.24 0.9

Occupational group

Management, professional, and related occupations

74.73 2.1 51.52 2.2 23.21 2.4 7.01 2.6 3.51 5.6 5.04 2.6 2.87 3.8 4.77 1.3

Management, business, and financial occupations

86.31 3.0 58.47 2.9 27.84 3.5 8.36 4.1 5.03 8.3 5.80 3.0 3.37 4.3 5.28 1.7

Professional and related occupations

68.48 2.1 47.77 2.2 20.71 2.4 6.29 3.0 2.69 4.9 4.63 3.0 2.61 4.3 4.49 1.4

Sales and office occupations

34.46 1.7 24.84 1.7 9.62 2.1 2.33 3.0 1.08 6.4 2.79 2.3 0.93 4.7 2.50 1.4

Sales and related occupations

34.60 3.0 26.10 2.9 8.50 4.1 2.09 5.9 1.05 15.3 1.96 3.9 0.84 9.0 2.57 2.2

Office and administrative support occupations

34.34 1.1 23.84 1.0 10.51 1.7 2.51 2.1 1.10 3.5 3.45 2.5 1.00 4.0 2.44 1.1

Service occupations

22.16 1.5 17.20 1.5 4.96 2.8 0.93 3.7 0.56 6.5 1.16 5.5 0.34 6.0 1.97 1.4

Natural resources, construction, and maintenance occupations

45.05 1.4 31.04 1.3 14.01 2.4 2.49 3.2 1.82 3.3 3.59 2.8 2.25 7.3 3.87 1.5

Construction, extraction, farming, fishing, and forestry occupations

43.72 2.1 30.27 1.7 13.45 3.3 1.85 3.2 1.83 4.3 3.52 4.2 2.20 8.4 4.05 3.2

Installation, maintenance, and repair occupations

46.49 3.0 31.87 2.7 14.63 4.6 3.18 4.0 1.80 5.9 3.66 4.5 2.30 11.8 3.68 2.5

Production, transportation, and material moving occupations

34.91 2.1 24.16 2.3 10.75 2.1 2.09 2.8 1.59 3.6 3.10 2.6 1.09 5.3 2.87 1.7

Production occupations

35.23 1.4 23.64 1.2 11.60 2.1 2.17 1.9 2.23 5.5 3.49 2.5 0.90 4.6 2.81 1.2

Transportation and material moving occupations

34.72 3.4 24.46 3.6 10.26 3.3 2.05 4.7 1.21 3.5 2.88 4.1 1.21 7.2 2.91 2.5

Industry and occupational group

Goods-producing industries(3)

46.38 1.2 31.50 1.2 14.88 1.7 2.98 2.6 2.57 6.0 3.97 1.5 1.72 4.3 3.64 1.2

Management, professional, and related occupations

75.80 3.1 51.45 2.3 24.35 5.2 6.41 4.6 4.54 17.9 5.30 3.1 3.05 6.9 5.05 2.1

Management, business, and financial occupations

80.84 3.9 55.03 2.4 25.81 7.6 6.63 5.2 5.46 26.6 5.37 3.6 3.01 8.0 5.34 2.2

Professional and related occupations

69.48 3.3 46.96 3.1 22.52 4.3 6.14 4.9 3.39 6.9 5.21 4.3 3.09 7.9 4.69 3.0

Sales and office occupations

40.85 2.4 29.44 2.9 11.41 2.2 2.63 3.7 1.39 5.2 3.40 3.7 0.95 5.5 3.03 2.0

Office and administrative support occupations

36.40 1.7 25.68 1.9 10.72 2.2 2.34 2.9 1.35 6.4 3.48 3.5 0.83 6.3 2.73 1.9

Natural resources, construction, and maintenance occupations

45.41 1.9 31.13 1.4 14.28 3.2 2.12 4.7 2.08 4.0 3.68 3.9 2.32 8.7 4.08 1.9

Construction, extraction, farming, fishing and forestry occupations

44.05 2.0 30.55 1.7 13.50 3.1 1.80 3.3 1.89 4.2 3.49 4.4 2.23 7.6 4.09 2.8

Installation, maintenance, and repair occupations

49.76 6.4 32.99 4.4 16.77 10.6 3.15 8.2 2.68 10.0 4.29 9.2 2.62 28.3 4.03 4.8

Production, transportation, and material moving occupations

36.10 1.2 23.85 1.2 12.25 1.8 2.22 1.6 2.38 5.5 3.84 2.0 0.93 4.2 2.88 1.1

Production occupations

36.51 1.5 23.98 1.3 12.53 2.3 2.29 1.8 2.51 6.1 3.92 2.4 0.94 5.3 2.87 1.2

Transportation and material moving occupations

34.67 2.9 23.39 2.9 11.27 3.4 1.97 4.5 1.93 7.2 3.53 4.6 0.92 9.0 2.92 2.8

Construction industry

47.85 1.9 33.32 1.5 14.53 3.7 2.32 4.5 2.51 16.4 3.50 3.0 2.11 8.8 4.09 1.7

Manufacturing industry

45.29 1.7 30.26 1.7 15.03 1.9 3.37 3.4 2.57 3.4 4.25 1.8 1.51 4.8 3.34 1.3

Management, professional, and related occupations

76.97 2.6 52.34 2.3 24.63 3.6 7.08 4.2 3.52 6.2 5.65 3.3 3.36 7.9 5.03 2.2

Management, business, and financial occupations

84.58 2.5 58.01 2.3 26.57 3.5 7.93 4.3 3.70 8.3 6.02 3.5 3.51 8.8 5.41 1.8

Professional and related occupations

70.98 3.5 47.87 3.2 23.11 4.6 6.41 4.9 3.37 8.2 5.35 4.6 3.24 8.3 4.73 3.1

Sales and office occupations

40.31 2.8 28.21 2.8 12.10 3.4 2.91 4.7 1.49 6.8 3.75 4.2 1.09 7.1 2.85 2.6

Office and administrative support occupations

36.18 2.7 24.84 2.8 11.34 3.2 2.57 4.3 1.40 7.8 3.90 3.8 0.94 7.0 2.53 2.9

Natural resources, construction, and maintenance occupations

48.48 3.8 31.69 3.1 16.79 5.3 3.38 6.5 2.73 7.0 4.87 7.2 1.95 9.1 3.87 3.3

Installation, maintenance, and repair occupations

49.97 3.7 32.89 3.3 17.07 4.8 3.69 6.0 2.85 6.7 4.76 6.6 1.90 9.8 3.87 3.4

Production, transportation, and material moving occupations

35.55 1.1 23.28 0.8 12.27 1.8 2.24 1.7 2.44 5.6 3.85 1.8 0.92 3.9 2.81 0.8

Production occupations

36.14 1.3 23.59 1.0 12.55 2.2 2.30 1.8 2.55 6.0 3.94 2.0 0.94 4.9 2.82 1.0

Transportation and material moving occupations

33.00 2.2 21.95 1.9 11.05 3.0 1.99 3.4 1.98 6.6 3.49 3.8 0.86 8.4 2.73 2.5

Aircraft manufacturing industry

78.79 3.1 48.96 3.0 29.83 3.5 7.04 4.2 5.47 4.2 7.75 3.2 4.35 5.0 5.22 2.4

Service-providing industries(4)

44.33 1.7 31.47 1.7 12.86 2.0 3.46 2.6 1.70 4.4 3.07 2.3 1.48 3.3 3.16 1.1

Management, professional, and related occupations

74.60 2.3 51.53 2.4 23.08 2.6 7.08 2.8 3.39 5.8 5.01 2.9 2.85 4.2 4.74 1.4

Management, business, and financial occupations

87.36 3.5 59.13 3.4 28.23 3.9 8.70 4.6 4.94 8.3 5.89 3.4 3.44 4.9 5.27 2.0

Professional and related occupations

68.41 2.2 47.84 2.4 20.57 2.6 6.30 3.2 2.64 5.3 4.59 3.2 2.57 4.6 4.48 1.5

Sales and office occupations

33.93 1.8 24.46 1.8 9.47 2.3 2.30 3.3 1.05 7.1 2.74 2.5 0.93 5.1 2.45 1.5

Sales and related occupations

33.74 3.1 25.44 3.1 8.30 4.3 2.03 6.2 1.03 16.1 1.92 4.1 0.82 9.6 2.51 2.3

Office and administrative support occupations

34.09 1.2 23.61 1.0 10.48 1.9 2.54 2.3 1.07 3.8 3.45 2.8 1.02 4.4 2.40 1.1

Service occupations

22.16 1.6 17.21 1.5 4.95 2.8 0.93 3.7 0.56 6.7 1.16 5.6 0.34 6.1 1.97 1.5

Natural resources, construction, and maintenance occupations

44.54 2.0 30.90 2.3 13.64 3.5 3.00 4.9 1.45 5.2 3.46 3.8 2.14 12.8 3.58 1.9

Installation, maintenance, and repair occupations

45.15 3.1 31.41 3.3 13.75 3.9 3.20 4.6 1.44 5.5 3.40 4.5 2.17 10.4 3.54 2.6

Production, transportation, and material moving occupations

34.22 3.4 24.33 3.5 9.88 3.4 2.02 4.4 1.13 3.6 2.68 4.2 1.19 7.5 2.87 2.5

Production occupations

30.87 3.6 22.46 3.3 8.41 5.5 1.76 7.6 1.28 9.4 2.02 9.5 0.76 10.8 2.59 3.6

Transportation and material moving occupations

34.73 3.8 24.62 4.1 10.11 3.8 2.06 5.2 1.11 3.9 2.78 4.7 1.25 8.0 2.91 2.8

Trade, transportation, and utilities industry

37.29 2.0 26.87 2.0 10.43 2.2 2.44 3.1 1.16 3.4 2.63 3.0 1.30 6.0 2.91 1.4

Management, professional, and related occupations

69.07 3.2 48.94 2.9 20.13 4.2 6.06 5.3 2.52 5.0 4.17 5.2 2.77 8.9 4.61 2.5

Management, business, and financial occupations

81.50 4.1 57.09 3.9 24.41 5.2 7.47 6.8 3.37 7.8 4.99 5.6 3.34 10.5 5.24 3.0

Professional and related occupations

58.19 4.3 41.81 3.9 16.37 5.7 4.82 6.8 1.78 8.0 3.45 6.2 2.27 10.2 4.05 3.8

Sales and office occupations

29.45 2.1 22.17 1.9 7.27 3.4 1.68 4.8 0.76 14.3 1.86 4.1 0.69 5.5 2.28 1.6

Sales and related occupations

28.37 2.7 21.83 2.4 6.54 4.7 1.51 7.1 0.74 19.1 1.49 5.1 0.59 8.0 2.22 2.0

Office and administrative support occupations

33.22 2.1 23.39 1.8 9.83 3.5 2.29 4.1 0.84 7.7 3.16 5.7 1.04 8.4 2.50 1.6

Service occupations

22.90 3.4 17.35 2.4 5.55 7.3 1.01 9.7 0.49 10.7 1.37 10.1 0.66 15.1 2.02 3.4

Natural resources, construction, and maintenance occupations

49.05 5.8 34.10 6.4 14.95 5.4 3.45 7.7 1.62 7.0 3.69 6.2 2.30 10.1 3.89 4.6

Installation, maintenance, and repair occupations

49.76 6.3 34.70 6.9 15.06 6.0 3.54 8.3 1.58 7.8 3.70 7.0 2.33 10.9 3.90 5.0

Production, transportation, and material moving occupations

36.85 3.8 25.88 4.1 10.98 3.7 2.27 5.0 1.20 4.1 3.01 4.6 1.45 8.0 3.05 2.7

Transportation and material moving occupations

36.85 4.1 25.90 4.4 10.95 3.8 2.25 5.5 1.18 4.4 3.00 4.7 1.46 8.3 3.06 2.9

Wholesale trade industry

51.66 4.0 36.64 3.9 15.03 4.6 4.06 6.6 1.98 7.6 3.56 4.8 1.74 10.0 3.69 2.8

Sales and office occupations

52.63 5.7 38.22 5.6 14.41 6.4 3.97 9.9 1.58 10.3 3.60 8.7 1.61 11.6 3.65 4.8

Office and administrative support occupations

34.14 3.1 24.24 2.6 9.90 6.0 2.53 5.3 0.97 14.1 3.10 10.0 0.78 12.5 2.52 3.2

Production, transportation, and material moving occupations

32.88 2.4 23.01 1.8 9.87 4.7 2.06 4.8 1.41 8.4 2.74 7.0 0.90 11.7 2.76 2.5

Transportation and material moving occupations

33.04 3.1 23.04 2.4 10.00 5.7 2.05 5.5 1.41 10.2 2.78 8.3 0.98 13.3 2.79 3.1

Retail trade industry

25.73 1.6 19.77 1.4 5.96 2.5 1.30 3.6 0.56 6.5 1.46 3.6 0.51 4.8 2.12 1.3

Sales and office occupations

22.93 1.4 18.06 1.2 4.87 2.3 1.03 2.7 0.42 8.3 1.18 5.4 0.36 5.6 1.89 1.1

Sales and related occupations

22.44 1.4 17.79 1.3 4.65 2.3 0.96 2.8 0.40 8.7 1.08 6.0 0.34 6.0 1.87 1.1

Office and administrative support occupations

27.40 3.1 20.53 2.9 6.87 4.8 1.66 6.6 0.56 9.8 2.04 6.9 0.52 9.8 2.09 3.1

Production, transportation, and material moving occupations

24.22 1.2 17.97 1.0 6.25 2.0 1.21 3.1 0.62 6.4 1.72 2.7 0.60 5.4 2.10 1.0

Transportation and material moving occupations

23.94 1.0 17.78 0.9 6.16 1.7 1.18 2.7 0.61 6.0 1.70 2.4 0.60 5.1 2.08 0.9

Transportation and warehousing industry

47.70 5.1 32.71 5.7 14.99 4.5 3.24 6.6 1.66 10.3 4.07 5.4 2.23 9.8 3.79 3.7

Utilities industry

76.37 1.5 48.11 1.5 28.26 1.8 6.91 2.0 2.57 6.1 7.14 2.8 6.37 4.6 5.27 1.4

Information industry

77.17 3.5 49.89 3.7 27.29 3.5 7.96 3.8 4.05 8.1 6.76 3.5 3.64 7.9 4.88 2.9

Management, professional, and related occupations

96.39 4.7 63.11 4.5 33.28 5.5 10.59 5.1 5.53 11.0 7.74 5.2 3.49 7.6 5.93 3.6

Professional and related occupations

92.95 4.6 60.83 4.7 32.13 4.6 10.25 5.7 5.09 7.2 7.60 4.2 3.36 6.9 5.82 3.6

Sales and office occupations

52.12 5.7 33.79 6.3 18.33 5.4 4.55 7.4 2.28 9.9 5.39 4.4 2.68 17.3 3.43 5.5

Financial activities industry

62.71 1.9 41.28 1.8 21.43 2.4 5.74 2.4 3.97 8.4 5.51 1.6 2.33 2.7 3.89 1.5

Management, professional, and related occupations

91.05 1.6 59.30 1.5 31.75 2.2 9.08 1.8 6.59 7.6 7.05 1.3 3.69 3.4 5.34 1.1

Management, business, and financial occupations

92.44 1.8 60.31 1.9 32.13 2.4 9.15 2.3 6.99 8.4 7.04 1.7 3.61 4.1 5.34 1.3

Professional and related occupations

86.49 2.7 55.97 2.6 30.52 3.0 8.84 3.4 5.29 6.1 7.10 1.9 3.93 5.1 5.36 2.0

Sales and office occupations

42.81 3.1 28.56 2.7 14.25 4.2 3.43 3.3 2.15 15.8 4.51 2.9 1.38 4.9 2.79 2.3

Sales and related occupations

52.64 9.2 36.80 7.8 15.84 13.6 3.76 9.9 (5)3.44 38.8 3.69 8.4 1.50 11.5 3.45 6.6

Office and administrative support occupations

39.49 1.0 25.77 1.0 13.72 1.4 3.31 1.8 1.72 4.9 4.78 2.0 1.34 4.0 2.56 1.1

Finance and insurance industry

70.32 2.2 45.61 2.1 24.71 2.5 6.69 2.5 4.85 8.6 6.15 1.3 2.83 2.6 4.20 1.7

Credit intermediation and related activities industry

65.04 3.1 41.89 3.0 23.14 3.9 6.20 3.5 4.44 11.2 5.82 2.0 2.78 5.2 3.90 2.6

Insurance carriers and related activities industry

64.25 2.8 41.83 2.8 22.42 3.2 6.02 4.5 3.96 4.8 5.93 2.6 2.50 4.5 4.02 2.4

Real estate and rental and leasing industry

39.95 4.0 28.34 3.9 11.61 5.0 2.90 6.8 1.34 10.2 3.59 6.6 0.83 10.7 2.96 3.0

Professional and business services industry

58.10 3.3 40.76 3.3 17.33 4.0 4.92 5.0 2.82 9.4 3.81 4.5 1.83 7.0 3.95 2.5

Management, professional, and related occupations

83.87 3.8 57.66 3.6 26.20 5.0 8.05 5.5 4.57 11.4 5.29 5.4 2.98 8.2 5.32 2.4

Management, business, and financial occupations

92.30 6.0 62.18 5.6 30.11 6.9 9.18 7.6 6.11 15.5 5.88 5.1 3.28 7.6 5.66 3.2

Professional and related occupations

78.40 3.7 54.73 3.6 23.67 5.8 7.31 7.9 3.57 11.7 4.90 7.4 2.79 10.4 5.10 3.0

Sales and office occupations

39.98 6.2 29.02 6.4 10.95 7.1 2.85 10.6 1.24 8.5 3.04 7.7 1.04 20.1 2.80 4.8

Office and administrative support occupations

33.50 2.5 23.90 2.0 9.59 4.5 2.33 6.3 1.27 9.2 2.86 6.8 0.72 7.5 2.41 2.6

Service occupations

27.21 4.5 20.77 4.8 6.44 5.9 1.21 7.8 0.90 10.3 1.70 9.9 0.27 14.3 2.36 4.2

Production, transportation, and material moving occupations

27.06 4.4 20.10 3.3 6.96 9.5 1.13 14.8 1.19 14.3 1.87 16.7 0.39 28.3 2.38 4.5

Transportation and material moving occupations

27.87 4.4 20.37 3.4 7.50 9.1 1.16 13.0 1.20 17.9 2.31 12.4 (5)0.37 35.2 2.46 4.6

Professional, scientific, and technical services industry

71.88 4.1 49.71 3.7 22.17 5.4 6.73 5.2 3.57 14.9 4.67 5.1 2.63 9.7 4.57 2.8

Administrative and waste services industry

34.33 8.8 25.77 9.2 8.57 8.1 1.78 6.6 1.26 12.5 2.11 5.8 0.57 19.2 2.85 10.1

Education and health services industry

47.94 4.9 34.03 5.0 13.91 4.9 4.09 6.3 1.49 7.0 3.40 4.9 1.64 8.1 3.29 3.0

Management, professional, and related occupations

65.03 5.2 45.91 5.6 19.12 4.7 6.01 6.0 2.02 6.9 4.38 4.4 2.51 7.5 4.19 3.0

Management, business, and financial occupations

81.89 16.3 57.63 16.3 24.26 16.3 8.82 20.0 1.89 24.9 5.31 11.5 3.53 23.3 4.71 8.7

Professional and related occupations

63.00 3.7 44.50 4.1 18.50 3.4 5.68 4.0 2.04 5.9 4.27 4.2 2.39 5.8 4.13 2.5

Sales and office occupations

32.79 2.8 22.94 2.5 9.85 4.6 2.56 5.6 0.60 9.8 3.48 6.3 0.87 8.3 2.34 2.9

Office and administrative support occupations

32.56 2.8 22.78 2.5 9.78 4.7 2.54 5.7 0.59 9.8 3.46 6.5 0.86 8.7 2.33 3.0

Service occupations

25.98 3.0 18.92 2.5 7.06 5.7 1.54 5.7 0.98 11.3 1.85 9.3 0.54 12.4 2.15 3.1

Educational services industry

55.54 2.8 40.10 2.7 15.44 3.3 4.52 4.1 0.48 11.1 4.05 4.5 2.65 6.3 3.74 2.1

Management, professional, and related occupations

59.92 2.9 43.55 2.7 16.37 3.8 4.85 4.4 0.49 12.8 4.21 5.3 2.84 7.1 3.99 1.9

Management, business, and financial occupations

72.94 7.6 50.94 8.0 22.00 6.8 8.26 8.9 0.53 17.2 5.44 6.6 3.26 10.0 4.51 4.0

Professional and related occupations

57.07 2.8 41.93 2.6 15.14 3.9 4.10 3.4 0.48 15.0 3.93 6.6 2.75 7.9 3.87 2.1

Sales and office occupations

36.09 5.5 25.05 4.2 11.04 11.0 3.16 11.2 0.29 17.9 3.35 18.9 1.73 16.8 2.51 3.9

Office and administrative support occupations

36.11 5.6 25.06 4.2 11.06 11.1 3.18 11.2 0.28 18.0 3.36 18.9 1.73 16.9 2.51 3.9

Service occupations

35.54 10.9 25.16 12.4 10.38 12.1 2.40 13.6 0.46 15.2 2.99 15.3 1.77 23.2 2.75 16.9

Junior colleges, colleges, universities and professional schools industry

71.52 2.8 49.33 2.9 22.18 2.8 6.88 3.7 0.73 9.2 5.98 3.0 4.15 3.8 4.45 2.3

Health care and social assistance industry

46.85 5.7 33.16 5.8 13.69 5.6 4.03 7.2 1.63 7.3 3.31 5.6 1.50 9.8 3.22 3.4

Registered nurse occupations

76.80 2.7 50.21 2.0 26.60 4.5 7.57 5.5 4.09 6.6 5.95 3.4 3.83 9.6 5.16 2.6

Management, professional, and related occupations

66.21 6.2 46.46 6.7 19.75 5.5 6.28 7.0 2.38 6.9 4.42 5.2 2.43 9.4 4.24 3.6

Professional and related occupations

64.23 4.4 45.04 4.9 19.20 3.9 6.01 4.5 2.36 5.9 4.33 4.8 2.31 7.0 4.18 2.9

Sales and office occupations

32.34 3.1 22.66 2.7 9.69 5.1 2.48 6.4 0.64 10.7 3.50 6.8 0.75 9.9 2.32 3.3

Office and administrative support occupations

32.07 3.1 22.47 2.7 9.60 5.2 2.45 6.5 0.63 10.7 3.47 7.0 0.74 10.5 2.30 3.3

Service occupations

25.72 3.0 18.75 2.4 6.97 5.8 1.52 5.8 0.99 11.4 1.81 9.6 0.51 13.1 2.13 3.0

Hospitals industry

69.77 6.5 45.97 7.3 23.80 5.2 6.83 8.1 3.40 5.6 5.71 3.5 3.52 8.0 4.34 3.1

Management, professional, and related occupations

84.27 8.3 55.82 9.2 28.44 6.6 8.55 9.8 4.10 7.0 6.34 4.1 4.35 10.0 5.11 4.0

Registered nurse occupations

79.53 1.9 51.09 2.0 28.43 2.3 7.91 2.7 4.63 6.3 6.50 2.8 4.18 5.1 5.22 1.9

Service occupations

34.88 2.1 22.49 1.9 12.39 3.2 2.53 2.8 2.11 5.5 3.65 5.5 1.58 7.3 2.52 2.2

Nursing and residential care facilities industry

32.47 1.6 23.68 1.7 8.80 2.6 2.30 3.6 0.97 5.6 2.42 4.4 0.54 11.0 2.56 1.3

Management, professional, and related occupations

48.38 2.1 35.15 2.8 13.24 2.8 3.92 4.5 1.31 7.8 3.42 6.3 1.01 10.0 3.58 2.4

Service occupations

25.57 1.2 18.75 0.9 6.82 2.9 1.56 3.0 0.88 5.6 1.92 5.4 0.33 14.2 2.13 1.3

Nursing care facilities industry

34.51 2.5 25.33 2.3 9.18 4.2 2.33 4.8 1.14 6.4 2.51 6.9 0.50 12.4 2.70 2.4

Management, professional, and related occupations

49.44 2.6 36.64 3.0 12.81 3.4 3.52 5.0 1.56 6.7 3.11 8.1 0.87 11.0 3.74 3.1

Service occupations

26.72 2.8 19.41 2.3 7.31 4.8 1.67 5.4 1.01 6.9 2.15 7.3 0.31 20.0 2.16 2.6

Leisure and hospitality industry

19.90 2.7 16.25 2.3 3.65 6.2 0.63 10.4 0.26 9.6 0.71 15.0 0.23 16.5 1.81 1.6

Sales and office occupations

20.47 4.8 16.66 4.4 3.81 12.6 0.77 17.1 (5)0.21 31.4 1.02 29.2 (5)0.21 35.0 1.60 4.8

Service occupations

18.00 2.0 14.93 2.0 3.07 4.1 0.45 8.1 0.22 9.1 0.51 13.0 0.17 11.0 1.72 1.5

Accommodation and food services industry

18.77 3.0 15.31 2.2 3.45 7.9 0.57 14.1 0.26 11.8 0.67 18.0 0.20 20.5 1.74 1.8

Other services industry

37.66 7.9 27.90 6.9 9.76 11.4 2.63 13.2 0.66 14.5 2.05 13.9 1.60 29.8 2.83 4.4

Footnotes
(1) Includes costs for wages and salaries and benefits.
(2) The relative standard error (RSE) is the standard error expressed as a percent of the cost.
(3) Includes mining, construction, and manufacturing. The agriculture, forestry, farming, and hunting sector is excluded.
(4) Includes utilities; wholesale trade; retail trade; transportation and warehousing; information; finance and insurance; real estate and rental and leasing; professional, scientific, and technical services; management of companies and enterprises; administrative and waste services; educational services; health care and social assistance; arts, entertainment and recreation; accommodation and food services; and other services, except public administration.
(5) The relative standard error for this estimate is equal to or greater than 30 percent.

Table 5. Employer Costs for Employee Compensation for private industry workers by bargaining and work status [Dec. 2024]
Series Total compensation(1) Wages and salaries Total benefits Paid leave Supplemental pay Insurance Retirement and savings Legally required benefits
Cost ($) RSE(2) Cost ($) RSE(2) Cost ($) RSE(2) Cost ($) RSE(2) Cost ($) RSE(2) Cost ($) RSE(2) Cost ($) RSE(2) Cost ($) RSE(2)

Union workers

59.86 2.5 36.47 2.6 23.39 2.7 4.44 4.4 2.55 4.6 7.31 1.7 4.78 4.9 4.32 2.3

Goods-producing industries(3)

59.67 2.8 35.52 2.3 24.16 4.4 3.45 5.8 3.24 6.5 8.01 3.1 4.92 9.2 4.53 3.2

Manufacturing industry

51.42 2.6 29.66 2.5 21.76 3.1 3.69 3.5 3.96 5.4 7.85 3.6 2.52 6.3 3.75 2.8

Service-providing industries(4)

59.93 3.3 36.88 3.5 23.05 3.4 4.86 5.4 2.24 6.6 7.00 2.1 4.72 5.9 4.23 3.0

Trade, transportation, and utilities industry

58.27 5.1 36.66 6.2 21.62 3.7 4.21 6.0 2.12 5.1 6.52 3.2 4.55 5.9 4.20 3.5

Retail trade industry

31.44 6.5 19.90 8.0 11.54 4.3 1.94 12.4 1.00 7.0 4.00 3.2 2.13 4.0 2.47 6.1

Transportation and warehousing industry

69.27 6.8 44.09 8.2 25.18 4.7 5.09 7.6 2.52 6.9 7.30 3.5 5.36 8.1 4.90 4.2

Education and health services industry

68.03 7.4 41.73 6.9 26.29 8.7 6.60 12.0 3.05 15.3 7.34 4.3 4.72 13.4 4.58 7.1

Health care and social assistance industry

67.49 8.2 41.21 7.6 26.28 9.7 6.62 13.2 3.33 15.5 7.18 4.7 4.56 15.2 4.59 7.8

Nonunion workers

43.39 1.6 31.05 1.5 12.34 1.9 3.29 2.4 1.78 4.2 2.87 2.1 1.24 3.2 3.15 0.9

Goods-producing industries(3)

44.17 1.5 30.83 1.3 13.34 2.4 2.90 3.1 2.46 7.3 3.30 1.9 1.19 4.0 3.49 1.2

Manufacturing industries

44.43 1.9 30.34 1.9 14.09 2.3 3.32 3.8 2.38 3.9 3.74 2.2 1.37 5.5 3.28 1.5

Service-providing industries(4)

43.25 1.8 31.09 1.8 12.16 2.2 3.36 2.7 1.66 4.8 2.80 2.5 1.25 3.7 3.09 1.1

Trade, transportation, and utilities industries

34.62 1.9 25.62 1.9 9.00 2.3 2.21 3.5 1.03 4.7 2.14 2.9 0.88 6.3 2.74 1.3

Retail trade industries

25.35 1.6 19.76 1.4 5.59 2.6 1.26 3.5 0.53 6.9 1.29 4.1 0.40 5.2 2.10 1.3

Transportation and warehousing industries

39.70 6.0 28.49 6.6 11.21 5.7 2.55 9.0 1.35 17.0 2.87 7.8 1.06 9.7 3.38 4.2

Education and health services industries

46.33 5.4 33.42 5.5 12.92 5.4 3.89 6.9 1.36 8.1 3.08 5.4 1.40 9.3 3.18 3.2

Health care and social assistance industries

45.16 6.3 32.50 6.4 12.66 6.2 3.82 8.0 1.49 8.4 2.99 6.2 1.25 11.6 3.11 3.7

Full-time workers

51.16 1.5 35.24 1.6 15.92 1.6 4.17 2.2 2.28 3.8 4.04 1.7 1.87 2.7 3.56 1.0

Occupational group

Management, professional and related occupations

78.14 2.3 53.25 2.3 24.89 2.4 7.57 2.6 3.79 5.8 5.55 2.3 3.09 3.7 4.88 1.4

Management, business, and financial occupations

87.40 3.1 59.09 2.9 28.31 3.5 8.51 4.1 5.13 8.3 5.91 2.9 3.43 4.4 5.33 1.7

Professional and related occupations

72.23 2.3 49.52 2.5 22.71 2.3 6.98 2.7 2.94 5.2 5.32 2.7 2.88 4.0 4.59 1.6

Sales and office occupations

39.85 1.7 27.90 1.8 11.96 2.2 2.99 2.9 1.38 7.1 3.65 2.3 1.19 4.9 2.75 1.5

Sales and related occupations

46.56 3.1 33.93 3.0 12.64 4.4 3.32 5.2 1.68 16.9 3.13 3.7 1.31 10.3 3.21 2.5

Office and administrative support occupations

36.20 1.1 24.61 1.0 11.59 1.7 2.81 2.1 1.21 3.9 3.94 2.3 1.13 4.0 2.51 1.1

Service occupations

25.86 1.9 19.04 1.6 6.82 3.4 1.44 3.8 0.86 7.0 1.93 5.0 0.50 7.3 2.09 2.0

Natural resources, construction, and maintenance occupations

45.90 1.4 31.40 1.3 14.50 2.4 2.58 3.2 1.88 3.3 3.76 2.6 2.36 7.4 3.91 1.5

Construction, extraction, farming, fishing, and forestry occupations

44.19 2.2 30.45 1.8 13.74 3.2 1.88 3.0 1.87 4.5 3.64 3.9 2.28 8.5 4.07 3.2

Installation, maintenance, and repair occupations

47.82 3.0 32.47 2.7 15.35 4.4 3.37 3.8 1.90 5.6 3.89 4.1 2.45 11.7 3.74 2.5

Production, transportation, and material moving occupations

37.55 2.3 25.59 2.6 11.96 2.2 2.37 3.0 1.85 3.8 3.54 2.4 1.22 5.6 2.99 1.7

Production occupations

35.85 1.3 23.91 1.2 11.94 2.0 2.24 2.0 2.30 5.5 3.64 2.4 0.93 4.5 2.83 1.2

Transportation and material moving occupations

38.88 4.0 26.90 4.4 11.99 3.6 2.46 5.3 1.49 3.6 3.46 4.1 1.45 8.0 3.12 2.8

Industry group

Goods-producing industries(3)

47.03 1.3 31.81 1.2 15.21 1.7 3.05 2.8 2.62 6.0 4.09 1.5 1.78 4.4 3.66 1.1

Construction industry

48.50 1.9 33.63 1.5 14.87 3.8 2.39 4.5 2.56 16.7 3.62 3.0 2.18 8.8 4.12 1.7

Manufacturing industry

45.94 1.8 30.59 1.8 15.36 1.9 3.45 3.5 2.63 3.3 4.36 2.0 1.55 4.9 3.36 1.3

Service-providing industries(4)

52.27 1.9 36.16 1.9 16.11 2.0 4.47 2.5 2.19 4.6 4.02 2.1 1.90 3.1 3.53 1.2

Trade, transportation, and utilities industry

45.21 2.2 31.77 2.3 13.44 2.4 3.33 3.1 1.56 3.8 3.49 3.0 1.72 6.2 3.34 1.6

Information industry

82.10 3.5 52.66 3.8 29.45 3.3 8.62 3.5 4.38 9.0 7.36 3.2 3.97 7.4 5.12 2.9

Financial activities industry

64.85 1.8 42.43 1.7 22.42 2.3 6.02 2.0 4.18 8.4 5.80 1.2 2.44 2.7 3.98 1.5

Professional and business services industry

61.18 3.4 42.43 3.2 18.75 4.2 5.41 5.1 3.03 10.0 4.23 4.6 2.03 6.4 4.06 2.2

Education and health services industry

51.92 5.3 36.05 5.6 15.87 4.9 4.75 6.4 1.66 7.0 4.18 4.4 1.89 8.3 3.39 3.4

Leisure and hospitality industry

24.95 2.8 19.16 2.3 5.78 6.1 1.23 8.2 0.52 8.4 1.57 11.3 0.47 14.9 1.98 2.7

Other services industry

44.69 8.0 32.19 7.3 12.50 10.6 3.51 12.5 0.87 15.4 2.76 11.9 2.17 28.5 3.18 4.5

Part-time workers

24.49 2.7 19.76 2.8 4.74 3.6 0.91 6.1 0.48 7.1 0.68 7.0 0.41 9.5 2.25 2.7

Occupational group

Management, professional and related occupations

49.97 5.8 38.99 5.9 10.98 8.8 2.96 11.9 1.44 11.9 1.34 14.8 1.28 17.9 3.95 6.6

Professional and related occupations

50.73 6.2 39.50 6.3 11.23 9.3 3.02 12.6 1.51 12.0 1.36 15.4 1.32 18.7 4.01 7.0

Sales and office occupations

20.23 1.5 16.79 1.3 3.45 3.1 0.59 6.5 0.29 12.6 0.52 11.3 0.23 8.7 1.82 1.3

Sales and related occupations

18.34 1.4 15.46 1.4 2.88 2.1 0.42 5.6 0.19 18.2 0.37 9.1 0.21 8.7 1.70 1.8

Office and administrative support occupations

24.31 2.5 19.65 2.1 4.66 5.7 0.94 9.8 0.51 12.5 0.84 15.9 0.29 13.8 2.08 2.5

Service occupations

18.22 2.4 15.25 2.5 2.98 3.5 0.39 8.6 0.24 11.6 0.33 10.7 0.17 10.6 1.84 2.6

Production, transportation, and material moving occupations

24.17 2.2 18.34 1.7 5.82 4.3 0.98 6.4 0.54 10.0 1.33 8.5 0.58 11.7 2.39 2.7

Transportation and material moving occupations

24.31 2.3 18.37 1.7 5.94 4.4 1.01 6.5 0.51 10.5 1.41 8.8 0.61 11.0 2.40 2.9

Industry group

Service-providing industries(4)

24.43 2.7 19.70 2.9 4.73 3.7 0.92 6.2 0.47 7.4 0.68 7.0 0.42 9.6 2.24 2.7

Trade, transportation, and utilities industry

21.77 1.5 17.25 1.3 4.52 3.4 0.68 4.6 0.36 10.7 0.95 6.5 0.46 8.9 2.06 1.6

Professional and business services industry

32.98 18.8 27.17 20.1 5.81 13.8 0.97 19.9 1.12 20.4 0.42 21.4 0.22 26.2 3.07 20.8

Education and health services industry

36.73 4.6 28.34 4.4 8.38 7.1 2.24 8.5 0.99 10.9 1.21 11.6 0.94 14.8 3.01 3.8

Leisure and hospitality industry

16.57 3.1 14.33 3.0 2.25 3.9 0.24 14.6 0.09 15.8 0.13 14.2 0.08 15.7 1.70 2.9

Footnotes
(1) Includes costs for wages and salaries and benefits.
(2) The relative standard error (RSE) is the standard error expressed as a percent of the cost.
(3) Includes mining, construction, and manufacturing. The agriculture, forestry, farming, and hunting sector is excluded.
(4) Includes utilities; wholesale trade; retail trade; transportation and warehousing; information; finance and insurance; real estate and rental and leasing; professional and technical services; management of companies and enterprises; administrative and waste services; educational services; health care and social assistance; arts, entertainment and recreation; accommodation and food services; and other services, except public administration.

Table 6. Employer Costs for Employee Compensation for private industry workers by establishment size and industry group [Dec. 2024]
Series Total compensation(1) Wages and salaries Total benefits Paid leave Supplemental pay Insurance Retirement and savings Legally required benefits
Cost ($) RSE(2) Cost ($) RSE(2) Cost ($) RSE(2) Cost ($) RSE(2) Cost ($) RSE(2) Cost ($) RSE(2) Cost ($) RSE(2) Cost ($) RSE(2)

All workers

44.67 1.5 31.47 1.5 13.20 1.7 3.38 2.3 1.84 3.7 3.22 1.9 1.52 2.8 3.24 0.9

1-99 workers

35.98 1.6 26.70 1.6 9.27 1.9 2.28 2.7 1.10 5.6 2.18 2.9 0.89 3.7 2.83 1.2

1-49 workers

34.93 1.6 26.19 1.6 8.73 2.1 2.13 3.1 1.03 7.0 1.96 3.3 0.82 4.1 2.79 1.4

50-99 workers

39.22 3.4 28.27 3.3 10.95 4.2 2.73 5.4 1.32 8.9 2.87 4.2 1.10 7.3 2.94 2.5

100 workers or more

54.76 2.0 37.01 2.1 17.75 2.1 4.66 2.8 2.70 4.2 4.42 1.9 2.25 3.5 3.72 1.3

100-499 workers

46.30 3.2 32.40 3.2 13.90 3.2 3.64 4.8 1.88 4.5 3.53 2.8 1.57 6.5 3.29 1.8

500 workers or more

65.42 2.5 42.82 2.7 22.60 2.6 5.96 3.5 3.74 5.1 5.55 2.3 3.11 3.7 4.25 2.0

Goods-producing industries(3)

46.38 1.2 31.50 1.2 14.88 1.7 2.98 2.6 2.57 6.0 3.97 1.5 1.72 4.3 3.64 1.2

1-99 workers

41.15 1.3 29.38 1.3 11.77 2.7 2.25 4.2 1.89 15.8 2.84 3.4 1.27 6.5 3.52 1.5

1-49 workers

40.65 2.2 29.32 1.8 11.32 4.9 2.11 5.8 1.91 22.1 2.47 3.7 1.26 9.2 3.57 1.9

50-99 workers

42.35 3.8 29.51 2.9 12.84 6.5 2.57 6.7 1.84 7.3 3.74 9.7 1.29 17.6 3.39 3.4

100 workers or more

50.98 1.7 33.37 1.7 17.61 2.0 3.62 3.0 3.17 4.0 4.97 1.4 2.12 6.3 3.74 1.5

100-499 workers

46.25 2.6 31.14 2.5 15.11 3.4 3.07 3.7 2.37 8.3 4.33 2.8 1.78 10.8 3.57 2.1

500 workers or more

57.89 2.9 36.62 2.8 21.28 3.2 4.42 5.8 4.33 3.2 5.91 2.8 2.63 6.9 3.99 2.3

Manufacturing industry

45.29 1.7 30.26 1.7 15.03 1.9 3.37 3.4 2.57 3.4 4.25 1.8 1.51 4.8 3.34 1.3

1-99 workers

38.31 2.6 27.32 2.5 10.99 3.6 2.56 5.4 1.53 8.7 2.99 5.2 0.84 8.8 3.07 2.1

1-49 workers

37.53 4.5 27.27 4.3 10.26 5.8 2.47 8.9 1.41 10.8 2.45 6.3 0.84 14.9 3.09 3.6

50-99 workers

39.62 4.4 27.41 3.4 12.21 7.1 2.70 5.9 1.74 10.8 3.88 10.4 0.85 16.7 3.04 3.8

100 workers or more

49.28 2.4 31.94 2.3 17.34 2.6 3.83 4.1 3.17 3.0 4.96 2.3 1.89 6.2 3.49 1.9

100-499 workers

41.38 2.3 27.96 2.4 13.41 2.4 3.05 3.4 2.05 5.7 4.01 2.6 1.21 5.4 3.09 1.8

500 workers or more

58.48 3.6 36.56 3.6 21.91 3.9 4.74 6.4 4.47 3.3 6.07 3.2 2.69 8.3 3.95 3.0

Service-providing industries(4)

44.33 1.7 31.47 1.7 12.86 2.0 3.46 2.6 1.70 4.4 3.07 2.3 1.48 3.3 3.16 1.1

1-99 workers

35.10 1.9 26.25 1.9 8.85 2.3 2.28 3.2 0.97 5.4 2.07 3.5 0.82 4.4 2.71 1.4

1-49 workers

34.04 1.9 25.71 1.9 8.33 2.4 2.13 3.6 0.89 5.9 1.88 3.9 0.75 4.7 2.67 1.6

50-99 workers

38.56 4.1 28.01 4.0 10.55 4.9 2.76 6.3 1.21 11.1 2.68 4.7 1.05 8.0 2.84 3.0

100 workers or more

55.65 2.4 37.86 2.5 17.78 2.5 4.91 3.2 2.59 5.3 4.29 2.4 2.28 4.1 3.71 1.6

100-499 workers

46.31 3.9 32.72 4.0 13.60 4.0 3.78 5.8 1.75 5.2 3.32 3.5 1.52 7.9 3.22 2.3

500 workers or more

67.01 2.9 44.13 3.0 22.88 3.0 6.28 3.8 3.62 6.3 5.47 2.7 3.21 4.2 4.30 2.4

Trade, transportation, and utilities industry

37.29 2.0 26.87 2.0 10.43 2.2 2.44 3.1 1.16 3.4 2.63 3.0 1.30 6.0 2.91 1.4

1-99 workers

34.27 3.1 25.80 2.9 8.47 3.8 2.01 5.3 0.89 9.1 2.04 5.3 0.78 7.2 2.75 2.2

1-49 workers

33.72 3.9 25.68 3.8 8.03 4.7 1.92 6.8 0.87 12.8 1.82 4.9 0.71 9.7 2.71 2.6

50-99 workers

36.04 3.9 26.17 3.5 9.87 5.5 2.28 6.3 0.98 5.5 2.72 9.8 1.01 8.0 2.88 3.3

100 workers or more

40.87 2.9 28.13 2.8 12.74 3.5 2.94 4.7 1.46 4.7 3.34 3.2 1.91 7.2 3.09 1.8

100-499 workers

34.39 3.0 24.34 2.7 10.05 3.7 2.35 5.8 1.09 7.1 2.67 3.2 1.21 7.1 2.73 2.0

500 workers or more

56.39 5.1 37.19 5.4 19.20 4.8 4.36 6.0 2.37 5.7 4.95 4.6 3.57 8.6 3.95 3.4

Wholesale trade industry

51.66 4.0 36.64 3.9 15.03 4.6 4.06 6.6 1.98 7.6 3.56 4.8 1.74 10.0 3.69 2.8

1-99 workers

47.77 4.1 34.70 4.0 13.06 5.0 3.42 6.2 1.58 8.5 3.20 6.9 1.36 9.5 3.52 3.3

1-49 workers

47.33 4.7 34.69 4.6 12.64 5.5 3.30 6.8 1.48 10.2 3.03 7.1 1.35 11.5 3.47 3.8

100 workers or more

59.89 7.3 40.72 7.4 19.17 7.3 5.41 10.6 2.84 10.1 4.32 4.9 2.54 13.4 4.05 5.6

100-499 workers

54.61 7.6 37.45 8.0 17.17 7.5 4.79 11.8 2.39 10.8 4.07 7.1 2.07 13.9 3.84 6.0

Retail trade industry

25.73 1.6 19.77 1.4 5.96 2.5 1.30 3.6 0.56 6.5 1.46 3.6 0.51 4.8 2.12 1.3

1-99 workers

25.11 2.5 19.88 2.3 5.23 3.7 1.13 5.5 0.45 9.1 1.15 6.6 0.37 9.5 2.12 2.0

1-49 workers

24.49 3.1 19.57 2.7 4.92 5.0 1.06 6.9 0.44 10.7 1.04 8.8 0.30 12.7 2.09 2.6

50-99 workers

27.40 4.1 21.02 3.7 6.38 5.7 1.42 8.8 0.47 10.6 1.59 7.6 0.66 13.4 2.25 3.4

100 workers or more

26.64 1.7 19.62 1.4 7.02 2.7 1.55 3.9 0.73 6.3 1.91 2.7 0.71 3.6 2.11 1.2

100-499 workers

26.58 1.6 19.59 1.4 6.99 2.5 1.56 3.7 0.70 5.8 1.91 2.5 0.71 3.4 2.12 1.1

Transportation and warehousing industry

47.70 5.1 32.71 5.7 14.99 4.5 3.24 6.6 1.66 10.3 4.07 5.4 2.23 9.8 3.79 3.7

1-99 workers

45.05 11.7 32.82 12.2 12.23 12.6 2.78 18.7 (5)1.43 35.2 3.19 15.4 1.05 17.2 3.77 7.3

1-49 workers

47.83 15.7 35.33 16.3 12.50 17.0 2.98 24.6 (5)1.58 49.4 2.87 18.0 1.12 22.9 3.96 9.7

100 workers or more

48.99 5.5 32.66 5.5 16.33 5.8 3.46 7.3 1.78 5.5 4.50 5.7 2.80 11.5 3.80 3.7

100-499 workers

39.12 6.0 26.88 5.0 12.24 8.2 2.57 10.6 1.20 10.7 3.46 9.4 1.56 17.6 3.44 4.5

Information industry

77.17 3.5 49.89 3.7 27.29 3.5 7.96 3.8 4.05 8.1 6.76 3.5 3.64 7.9 4.88 2.9

1-99 workers

60.19 6.2 39.78 5.6 20.41 8.8 5.53 9.3 2.05 11.3 5.45 5.5 3.28 24.5 4.11 5.3

100 workers or more

95.41 5.2 60.74 5.5 34.67 5.3 10.57 4.9 6.21 9.4 8.16 4.4 4.03 10.4 5.70 4.4

100-499 workers

79.62 7.0 51.96 7.9 27.65 5.8 8.42 8.2 3.98 8.8 7.18 5.0 3.20 9.1 4.87 6.6

500 workers or more

107.32 6.8 67.36 7.3 39.96 7.0 12.20 6.9 7.89 10.4 8.90 5.7 4.65 14.8 6.33 5.8

Financial activities industry

62.71 1.9 41.28 1.8 21.43 2.4 5.74 2.4 3.97 8.4 5.51 1.6 2.33 2.7 3.89 1.5

1-99 workers

52.42 2.9 36.13 2.9 16.29 3.5 4.41 3.9 2.48 15.3 4.45 3.0 1.52 5.6 3.43 2.3

1-49 workers

49.88 2.8 34.52 2.8 15.36 3.9 4.14 4.3 2.30 18.9 4.25 3.3 1.36 6.1 3.31 2.2

100 workers or more

75.31 2.4 47.59 2.5 27.71 2.6 7.36 2.5 5.78 6.6 6.80 1.6 3.31 4.0 4.45 2.0

100-499 workers

69.69 4.4 44.93 4.2 24.76 6.0 6.54 5.8 5.21 14.8 6.06 4.3 2.80 10.1 4.15 3.6

500 workers or more

79.10 2.4 49.39 2.3 29.71 2.7 7.92 2.4 6.17 5.9 7.31 1.9 3.66 3.1 4.66 1.9

Professional and business services industry

58.10 3.3 40.76 3.3 17.33 4.0 4.92 5.0 2.82 9.4 3.81 4.5 1.83 7.0 3.95 2.5

1-99 workers

47.19 3.2 34.31 3.1 12.88 4.3 3.48 5.4 1.78 8.7 2.86 5.8 1.27 13.3 3.49 2.6

1-49 workers

44.98 4.1 32.94 3.9 12.04 5.2 3.18 6.8 1.54 11.1 2.67 6.8 1.28 17.9 3.38 3.3

50-99 workers

53.75 8.2 38.39 7.4 15.36 11.4 4.36 12.3 2.49 27.6 3.44 9.5 1.25 15.1 3.81 6.2

100 workers or more

67.93 4.7 46.58 4.9 21.35 5.7 6.22 7.2 3.76 12.9 4.66 5.7 2.34 8.1 4.37 3.7

100-499 workers

61.24 5.5 42.88 5.5 18.36 6.3 5.43 8.6 2.77 10.0 4.27 5.7 1.90 11.6 3.99 4.8

500 workers or more

75.42 7.2 50.71 7.5 24.70 8.3 7.10 11.1 4.87 16.4 5.11 9.1 2.83 9.8 4.80 6.4

Education and health services industry

47.94 4.9 34.03 5.0 13.91 4.9 4.09 6.3 1.49 7.0 3.40 4.9 1.64 8.1 3.29 3.0

1-99 workers

34.39 6.6 26.22 6.6 8.17 7.4 2.38 9.5 0.61 13.6 1.96 10.3 0.59 14.8 2.62 4.9

1-49 workers

32.22 6.6 24.92 6.3 7.30 8.4 2.09 11.1 0.54 16.8 1.63 13.9 0.47 18.5 2.56 5.6

50-99 workers

41.49 12.8 30.48 13.7 11.01 11.2 3.33 15.0 0.85 20.6 3.04 8.8 0.97 20.5 2.82 9.0

100 workers or more

59.26 4.7 40.55 4.9 18.70 4.7 5.52 6.0 2.22 6.6 4.60 4.4 2.52 7.3 3.84 2.9

100-499 workers

50.88 12.7 36.92 12.6 13.96 13.1 4.42 17.2 1.36 14.9 3.33 11.5 1.47 26.0 3.38 6.7

500 workers or more

65.55 3.6 43.28 3.6 22.27 3.8 6.35 5.2 2.86 6.4 5.55 3.3 3.32 5.7 4.19 3.0

Educational services industry

55.54 2.8 40.10 2.7 15.44 3.3 4.52 4.1 0.48 11.1 4.05 4.5 2.65 6.3 3.74 2.1

1-99 workers

43.15 5.7 33.16 5.3 9.99 8.2 2.65 9.6 0.26 24.2 2.42 15.5 1.40 13.7 3.26 4.4

100 workers or more

63.35 3.1 44.47 2.8 18.88 4.6 5.70 5.4 0.61 9.8 5.08 6.1 3.44 7.4 4.04 2.1

100-499 workers

48.55 5.0 35.59 3.7 12.96 10.9 3.84 13.6 0.27 29.1 3.53 16.0 1.96 24.5 3.36 3.5

500 workers or more

75.79 3.3 51.93 3.6 23.86 2.9 7.27 4.0 0.91 8.7 6.39 2.5 4.69 3.5 4.61 2.8

Health care and social assistance industry

46.85 5.7 33.16 5.8 13.69 5.6 4.03 7.2 1.63 7.3 3.31 5.6 1.50 9.8 3.22 3.4

1-99 workers

33.35 7.4 25.40 7.4 7.95 8.4 2.35 10.8 0.65 14.2 1.91 11.6 0.49 19.0 2.55 5.5

1-49 workers

31.27 7.6 24.15 7.2 7.12 9.5 2.08 12.5 0.58 17.6 1.59 15.6 0.39 23.9 2.49 6.3

50-99 workers

40.03 14.6 29.41 15.7 10.61 12.9 3.23 17.1 0.90 21.4 2.93 10.1 0.83 25.9 2.73 10.3

100 workers or more

58.58 5.5 39.91 5.8 18.67 5.4 5.49 6.9 2.48 6.8 4.52 5.1 2.37 8.9 3.81 3.3

100-499 workers

51.29 14.8 37.16 14.7 14.14 15.2 4.52 19.6 1.55 15.3 3.30 13.4 (5)1.38 32.2 3.38 7.9

500 workers or more

63.96 4.1 41.94 4.2 22.02 4.4 6.21 6.1 3.16 6.7 5.42 3.9 3.10 6.9 4.12 3.5

Leisure and hospitality industry

19.90 2.7 16.25 2.3 3.65 6.2 0.63 10.4 0.26 9.6 0.71 15.0 0.23 16.5 1.81 1.6

1-99 workers

17.97 2.6 15.10 2.3 2.87 5.1 0.40 11.7 0.21 10.9 0.44 17.3 0.10 16.6 1.71 2.0

1-49 workers

18.07 3.0 15.30 2.9 2.77 4.9 0.40 11.2 0.20 15.7 0.34 19.7 0.08 16.4 1.75 3.0

50-99 workers

17.72 3.1 14.57 2.8 3.15 8.1 0.41 17.0 0.25 12.0 0.72 20.9 0.17 22.3 1.60 5.6

100 workers or more

26.05 5.3 19.91 4.7 6.14 10.0 1.37 11.4 0.42 15.4 1.54 18.6 0.65 25.0 2.15 4.4

100-499 workers

23.21 8.2 18.52 7.4 4.69 14.0 0.94 19.8 0.35 14.6 1.02 27.2 (5)0.36 36.2 2.01 7.2

500 workers or more

31.52 6.5 22.59 6.8 8.93 9.4 2.20 11.5 0.55 23.6 2.55 15.1 1.22 25.7 2.41 7.0

Footnotes
(1) Includes costs for wages and salaries and benefits.
(2) The relative standard error (RSE) is the standard error expressed as a percent of the cost.
(3) Includes mining, construction, and manufacturing. The agriculture, forestry, farming, and hunting sector is excluded.
(4) Includes utilities; wholesale trade; retail trade; transportation and warehousing; information; finance and insurance; real estate and rental and leasing; professional and technical services; management of companies and enterprises; administrative and waste services; educational services; health care and social assistance; arts, entertainment and recreation; accommodation and food services; and other services, except public administration.
(5) The relative standard error for this estimate is equal to or greater than 30 percent.

Table 7. Employer Costs for Employee Compensation for private industry workers by census region and division [Dec. 2024]
Area(1) Total compensation(2) Wages and salaries Total benefits Paid leave Supplemental pay Insurance Retirement and savings Legally required benefits
Cost ($) RSE(3) Cost ($) RSE(3) Cost ($) RSE(3) Cost ($) RSE(3) Cost ($) RSE(3) Cost ($) RSE(3) Cost ($) RSE(3) Cost ($) RSE(3)

Northeast

55.35 4.7 38.34 5.0 17.01 4.6 4.63 6.4 2.08 9.5 4.19 4.8 2.17 6.6 3.94 2.7

New England

55.44 3.7 38.09 3.4 17.35 4.8 4.94 5.6 2.05 15.0 4.44 6.0 2.15 5.7 3.78 2.4

Middle Atlantic

55.31 6.3 38.42 6.7 16.89 6.4 4.52 8.9 2.10 12.8 4.10 6.3 2.18 8.8 4.00 3.3

South

39.17 1.6 28.12 1.6 11.06 2.3 2.83 2.4 1.60 4.9 2.67 3.3 1.17 5.5 2.78 1.3

South Atlantic

41.19 1.9 29.51 1.6 11.68 3.0 3.07 3.0 1.68 7.1 2.73 5.1 1.27 8.0 2.91 1.4

East South Central

32.36 4.5 23.42 4.1 8.94 5.8 2.09 6.2 1.26 8.9 2.46 5.1 0.80 13.8 2.34 3.9

West South Central

38.98 3.1 27.98 3.2 11.00 3.8 2.77 4.6 1.63 8.6 2.68 5.1 1.18 5.7 2.74 2.3

Midwest

41.16 2.0 28.63 1.7 12.53 2.6 2.95 3.9 1.86 4.5 3.28 3.7 1.45 5.2 2.98 1.5

East North Central

42.07 2.1 29.08 2.0 12.99 2.7 3.04 4.5 2.00 3.7 3.34 4.4 1.60 6.1 3.02 1.7

West North Central

39.29 3.8 27.72 3.2 11.57 5.4 2.78 7.3 1.58 12.7 3.17 6.4 1.14 7.7 2.91 2.8

West

48.73 3.1 34.40 2.9 14.33 3.8 3.73 4.9 2.02 10.1 3.26 3.3 1.63 5.3 3.69 1.5

Mountain

40.84 1.7 29.68 1.4 11.16 2.6 2.82 3.5 1.54 5.3 2.65 4.8 1.11 6.1 3.04 1.8

Pacific

52.84 4.2 36.86 4.0 15.98 5.1 4.20 6.4 2.27 13.4 3.58 4.2 1.90 6.5 4.03 1.9

Footnotes
(1) The census divisions are defined as follows: New England: Connecticut, Maine, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, Rhode Island and Vermont; Middle Atlantic: New Jersey, New York, and Pennsylvania; South Atlantic: Delaware, District of Columbia, Florida, Georgia, Maryland, North Carolina, South Carolina, Virginia, and West Virginia; East South Central: Alabama, Kentucky, Mississippi, and Tennessee; West South Central: Arkansas, Louisiana, Oklahoma, and Texas; East North Central: Illinois, Indiana, Michigan, Ohio, and Wisconsin; West North Central: Iowa, Kansas, Minnesota, Missouri, Nebraska, North Dakota, and South Dakota; Mountain: Arizona, Colorado, Idaho, Montana, Nevada, New Mexico, Utah, and Wyoming; and Pacific: Alaska, California, Hawaii, Oregon, and Washington.
(2) Includes costs for wages and salaries and benefits.
(3) The relative standard error (RSE) is the standard error expressed as a percent of the cost.

 

Last Modified Date: March 14, 2025