Employer Costs for Employee Compensation Relative Standard Errors

Because the Employer Costs for Employee Compensation is a sample survey, it is subject to sampling errors. Sampling errors are differences that occur between the results computed from a sample of observations and those computed from all observations in the population. The estimates derived from different samples selected using the same sample design may differ from each other. A measure of the variation among these differing estimates is the standard error. The relative standard error is the standard error expressed as a percent of the cost. It can be used to measure the precision with which an estimate from a particular sample approximates the expected result of all possible samples. The chances are about 68 out of 100 that an estimate from the survey differs from a complete population figure by less than the standard error. The chances are about 90 out of 100 that this difference would be less than 1.6 times the standard error. Footnotes have been added for estimates with relative standard errors greater than 30 percent.

For a more detailed explanation of relative standard errors, see Measuring Trends in the Structure and Levels of Employer Costs for Employee Compensation, Compensation and Working Conditions, Summer 1997. For a detailed explanation of how to use standard error data to analyze differences in year-to-year changes, see Analyzing Year-to-Year Changes in Employer Costs for Employee Compensation, Compensation and Working Conditions, Spring 1998. This article supplements an article from the Summer 1997 issue of Compensation and Working Conditions, Explaining the Differential Growth Rates of the ECI and ECEC, which examined how differences in the construction of these measures contribute to differing trends.

Standard errors relate to differences that occur from sampling errors, but not from nonsampling errors. Sampling errors are differences between the results computed from a sample of observations and those computed from all observations in the population. Nonsampling errors are not measured and include survey nonresponse and data collection and processing errors. Survey nonresponse is when sample members are unwilling or unable to participate in the survey. Data collection errors include provision of inaccurate data by respondents and definitional difficulties. Processing errors include errors in recording, coding, and entering data. Although nonsampling errors are not measured, BLS quality assurance programs contain procedures for reducing such errors. These procedures include data collection reinterviews, observed interviews, computer data edits, and systematic review of reports on which data are recorded. Extensive field economist training also is conducted to maintain high data collection standards.

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Table 1. Employer Costs for Employee Compensation by ownership [Dec. 2024]
Compensation component	Civilian workers(1)		Private industry workers		State and local government workers
Compensation component	Cost ($)	Relative standard error	Cost ($)	Relative standard error	Cost ($)	Relative standard error
Total compensation(2)	47.20	1.2	44.67	1.5	63.46	0.8
Wages and salaries	32.52	1.2	31.47	1.5	39.22	0.8
Total benefits	14.68	1.4	13.20	1.7	24.23	1.0
Paid leave	3.55	1.9	3.38	2.3	4.66	1.6
Vacation	1.72	2.4	1.71	2.7	1.74	2.3
Holiday	1.04	1.8	0.99	2.1	1.36	2.2
Sick	0.55	1.4	0.45	1.9	1.20	1.2
Personal	0.25	3.0	0.23	3.7	0.37	2.5
Supplemental pay	1.68	3.5	1.84	3.7	0.63	4.2
Overtime and premium(3)	0.41	2.5	0.43	2.7	0.28	4.8
Shift differentials	0.09	4.6	0.09	5.1	0.06	7.1
Nonproduction bonuses	1.18	4.9	1.32	5.1	0.29	5.9
Insurance	3.75	1.5	3.22	1.9	7.14	1.1
Life	0.06	3.3	0.05	4.1	0.09	3.3
Health	3.54	1.5	3.01	1.9	6.95	1.1
Short-term disability	0.09	2.6	0.10	2.7	0.04	4.3
Long-term disability	0.06	2.7	0.05	3.1	0.06	3.8
Retirement and savings	2.45	2.0	1.52	2.8	8.42	1.5
Defined benefit	1.40	2.7	0.41	6.5	7.83	1.5
Defined contribution	1.04	2.8	1.11	3.0	0.59	4.9
Legally Required benefits	3.26	0.8	3.24	0.9	3.38	1.3
Social Security and Medicare	2.66	0.9	2.66	1.0	2.70	1.3
Social Security(4)	2.12	0.8	2.13	0.9	2.05	1.5
Medicare	0.54	1.3	0.53	1.5	0.64	0.8
Federal unemployment insurance	0.03	5.3	0.03	5.2	(a)-	(5)-
State unemployment insurance	0.13	2.2	0.13	2.3	0.06	7.8
Workers' compensation	0.44	1.5	0.42	1.7	0.62	2.8
Footnotes (1) Includes workers in the private nonfarm economy except those in private households, and workers in the public sector, except the federal government. (2) Includes costs for wages and salaries and benefits. (3) Includes premium pay for work (such as overtime, weekends, and holidays) in addition to the regular work schedule. (4) Social Security refers to the Old-Age, Survivors, and Disability Insurance (OASDI) program. (5) The relative standard error is not available as the cost per hour worked is $0.01 or less. (a) Cost per hour worked is $0.01 or less.

Table 2. Employer Costs for Employee Compensation for civilian workers by occupational and industry group [Dec. 2024]
Series	Total compensation(1)		Wages and salaries		Total benefits		Paid leave		Supplemental pay		Insurance		Retirement and savings		Legally required benefits
Series	Cost ($)	RSE(2)	Cost ($)	RSE(2)	Cost ($)	RSE(2)	Cost ($)	RSE(2)	Cost ($)	RSE(2)	Cost ($)	RSE(2)	Cost ($)	RSE(2)	Cost ($)	RSE(2)
Civilian workers(3)	47.20	1.2	32.52	1.2	14.68	1.4	3.55	1.9	1.68	3.5	3.75	1.5	2.45	2.0	3.26	0.8
Occupational group
Management, professional, and related	74.88	1.7	50.75	1.7	24.13	1.8	6.59	2.2	2.82	5.4	5.67	1.8	4.52	2.2	4.54	1.1
Management, business and financial	86.66	2.7	58.14	2.6	28.52	3.1	8.41	3.7	4.57	8.2	6.04	2.4	4.30	3.4	5.21	1.5
Professional and related	69.80	1.5	47.56	1.6	22.24	1.7	5.80	2.3	2.06	4.4	5.51	2.0	4.61	2.5	4.25	1.2
Teachers(4)	75.69	3.3	51.49	3.7	24.20	2.8	3.97	6.7	0.40	10.8	6.87	3.1	9.18	3.3	3.79	2.9
Primary, secondary, and special education school teachers	73.71	2.7	48.50	2.5	25.21	3.3	3.30	3.7	0.31	5.8	7.63	3.8	10.58	4.1	3.38	2.7
Registered nurses	75.51	2.1	49.37	1.6	26.13	3.5	7.32	4.6	3.68	6.0	6.03	2.9	4.11	6.2	4.99	2.2
Sales and office	35.36	1.5	24.90	1.5	10.46	1.9	2.47	2.7	1.02	6.2	3.16	2.0	1.32	3.8	2.50	1.2
Sales and related	34.63	3.0	26.09	2.9	8.54	4.1	2.10	5.8	1.04	15.3	1.97	3.9	0.86	9.1	2.57	2.2
Office and administrative support	35.86	1.0	24.09	0.9	11.77	1.6	2.72	1.9	1.00	3.2	3.96	2.0	1.63	3.7	2.46	0.9
Service	25.45	1.4	18.51	1.2	6.94	2.7	1.32	2.8	0.62	5.7	1.73	4.1	1.18	6.3	2.08	1.2
Natural resources, construction, and maintenance	45.80	1.3	31.14	1.2	14.67	2.1	2.67	2.8	1.76	3.2	3.86	2.3	2.54	6.3	3.83	1.4
Construction, extraction, farming, fishing, and forestry	44.55	2.0	30.39	1.6	14.16	3.0	2.08	2.7	1.75	4.3	3.83	3.7	2.50	7.3	3.99	3.0
Installation, maintenance, and repair	47.18	2.8	31.95	2.5	15.23	4.1	3.33	3.7	1.76	5.7	3.89	4.1	2.59	9.8	3.66	2.4
Production, transportation, and material moving	35.41	2.0	24.31	2.2	11.10	2.0	2.15	2.6	1.57	3.5	3.23	2.5	1.26	4.4	2.89	1.6
Production	35.61	1.4	23.80	1.3	11.80	2.1	2.22	2.0	2.22	5.4	3.55	2.5	1.00	4.7	2.81	1.2
Transportation and material moving	35.30	3.2	24.60	3.4	10.69	3.1	2.10	4.4	1.20	3.4	3.04	3.9	1.41	6.1	2.93	2.4
Industry group
Education and health services	53.55	3.2	36.55	3.3	17.00	3.1	4.13	4.3	1.16	6.2	4.62	3.1	3.82	4.0	3.28	2.1
Educational services	64.46	0.9	42.47	0.9	22.00	1.3	4.12	1.8	0.35	4.9	6.58	1.7	7.58	2.0	3.37	1.2
Elementary and secondary schools	62.85	1.0	40.79	0.8	22.06	1.6	3.26	2.7	0.27	4.3	6.92	2.0	8.53	2.1	3.07	1.4
Junior colleges, colleges, and universities	73.16	1.7	48.10	1.8	25.06	1.9	6.35	2.7	0.51	7.0	6.98	2.8	7.21	3.1	4.01	2.1
Health care and social assistance	47.56	5.2	33.30	5.4	14.26	5.0	4.13	6.6	1.60	6.8	3.55	5.1	1.75	7.9	3.24	3.2
Hospitals	68.17	5.7	44.64	6.4	23.53	4.5	6.64	7.1	3.08	5.3	5.87	3.0	3.73	7.1	4.21	2.8
Footnotes (1) Includes costs for wages and salaries and benefits. (2) The relative standard error (RSE) is the standard error expressed as a percent of the cost. (3) Includes workers in the private nonfarm economy except those in private households, and workers in the public sector, except the federal government. (4) Includes postsecondary teachers; primary, secondary, and special education teachers; and other teachers and instructors.

Table 3. Employer Costs for Employee Compensation for state and local government workers by occupational and industry group [Dec. 2024]
Series	Total compensation(1)		Wages and salaries		Total benefits		Paid leave		Supplemental pay		Insurance		Retirement and savings		Legally required benefits
Series	Cost ($)	RSE(2)	Cost ($)	RSE(2)	Cost ($)	RSE(2)	Cost ($)	RSE(2)	Cost ($)	RSE(2)	Cost ($)	RSE(2)	Cost ($)	RSE(2)	Cost ($)	RSE(2)
State and local government workers	63.46	0.8	39.22	0.8	24.23	1.0	4.66	1.6	0.63	4.2	7.14	1.1	8.42	1.5	3.38	1.3
Occupational group
Management, professional, and related	75.41	1.0	48.16	1.1	27.25	1.2	5.15	2.1	0.48	5.4	7.79	1.3	10.06	1.6	3.77	1.6
Professional and related	73.15	1.0	47.03	1.1	26.12	1.2	4.57	2.1	0.47	5.7	7.74	1.4	9.70	1.6	3.63	1.6
Teachers(3)	82.22	1.2	54.27	1.4	27.95	1.4	3.90	2.9	0.31	7.7	8.24	1.6	11.72	1.6	3.79	2.0
Primary, secondary, and special education school teachers	81.22	1.2	52.79	1.2	28.44	1.5	3.51	3.0	0.29	5.3	8.68	1.9	12.41	2.2	3.54	2.3
Sales and office	44.32	1.8	25.51	1.9	18.81	2.2	3.87	2.3	0.40	9.3	6.80	2.4	5.16	3.4	2.59	2.1
Office and administrative support	44.51	1.9	25.56	2.0	18.95	2.3	3.88	2.3	0.40	9.3	6.88	2.5	5.20	3.5	2.59	2.2
Service	47.95	2.4	27.45	2.1	20.51	2.8	3.98	3.2	1.03	6.6	5.67	2.1	6.97	4.8	2.85	2.2
Industry group
Education and health services	65.81	0.9	42.05	0.8	23.76	1.2	4.19	2.3	0.44	5.4	7.29	1.3	8.57	1.6	3.28	1.6
Educational services	67.32	0.8	43.23	0.8	24.09	1.1	3.99	2.4	0.31	6.8	7.38	1.3	9.16	1.5	3.26	1.6
Elementary and secondary schools	65.02	1.0	41.78	0.9	23.24	1.5	3.28	2.7	0.27	4.7	7.33	1.6	9.29	1.9	3.07	1.6
Junior colleges, colleges, and universities	74.02	2.1	47.45	2.3	26.57	2.1	6.07	4.0	0.39	14.1	7.50	3.2	8.83	3.8	3.78	2.9
Health care and social assistance	56.92	3.8	35.10	4.0	21.82	4.2	5.40	5.5	1.19	8.0	6.73	4.5	5.08	6.5	3.41	5.0
Hospitals	59.65	4.5	37.56	4.6	22.09	4.9	5.60	5.8	1.35	9.4	6.71	5.1	4.89	10.6	3.53	6.0
Public administration	62.29	1.8	35.91	2.0	26.37	1.9	5.73	2.1	0.95	6.3	7.15	2.0	8.90	3.0	3.64	2.5
Footnotes (1) Includes costs for wages and salaries and benefits. (2) The relative standard error (RSE) is the standard error expressed as a percent of the cost. (3) Includes postsecondary teachers; primary, secondary, and special education teachers; and other teachers and instructors.

Table 4. Employer Costs for Employee Compensation for private industry workers by occupational and industry group [Dec. 2024]
Series	Total compensation(1)		Wages and salaries		Total benefits		Paid leave		Supplemental pay		Insurance		Retirement and savings		Legally required benefits
Series	Cost ($)	RSE(2)	Cost ($)	RSE(2)	Cost ($)	RSE(2)	Cost ($)	RSE(2)	Cost ($)	RSE(2)	Cost ($)	RSE(2)	Cost ($)	RSE(2)	Cost ($)	RSE(2)
Private industry workers	44.67	1.5	31.47	1.5	13.20	1.7	3.38	2.3	1.84	3.7	3.22	1.9	1.52	2.8	3.24	0.9
Occupational group
Management, professional, and related occupations	74.73	2.1	51.52	2.2	23.21	2.4	7.01	2.6	3.51	5.6	5.04	2.6	2.87	3.8	4.77	1.3
Management, business, and financial occupations	86.31	3.0	58.47	2.9	27.84	3.5	8.36	4.1	5.03	8.3	5.80	3.0	3.37	4.3	5.28	1.7
Professional and related occupations	68.48	2.1	47.77	2.2	20.71	2.4	6.29	3.0	2.69	4.9	4.63	3.0	2.61	4.3	4.49	1.4
Sales and office occupations	34.46	1.7	24.84	1.7	9.62	2.1	2.33	3.0	1.08	6.4	2.79	2.3	0.93	4.7	2.50	1.4
Sales and related occupations	34.60	3.0	26.10	2.9	8.50	4.1	2.09	5.9	1.05	15.3	1.96	3.9	0.84	9.0	2.57	2.2
Office and administrative support occupations	34.34	1.1	23.84	1.0	10.51	1.7	2.51	2.1	1.10	3.5	3.45	2.5	1.00	4.0	2.44	1.1
Service occupations	22.16	1.5	17.20	1.5	4.96	2.8	0.93	3.7	0.56	6.5	1.16	5.5	0.34	6.0	1.97	1.4
Natural resources, construction, and maintenance occupations	45.05	1.4	31.04	1.3	14.01	2.4	2.49	3.2	1.82	3.3	3.59	2.8	2.25	7.3	3.87	1.5
Construction, extraction, farming, fishing, and forestry occupations	43.72	2.1	30.27	1.7	13.45	3.3	1.85	3.2	1.83	4.3	3.52	4.2	2.20	8.4	4.05	3.2
Installation, maintenance, and repair occupations	46.49	3.0	31.87	2.7	14.63	4.6	3.18	4.0	1.80	5.9	3.66	4.5	2.30	11.8	3.68	2.5
Production, transportation, and material moving occupations	34.91	2.1	24.16	2.3	10.75	2.1	2.09	2.8	1.59	3.6	3.10	2.6	1.09	5.3	2.87	1.7
Production occupations	35.23	1.4	23.64	1.2	11.60	2.1	2.17	1.9	2.23	5.5	3.49	2.5	0.90	4.6	2.81	1.2
Transportation and material moving occupations	34.72	3.4	24.46	3.6	10.26	3.3	2.05	4.7	1.21	3.5	2.88	4.1	1.21	7.2	2.91	2.5
Industry and occupational group
Goods-producing industries(3)	46.38	1.2	31.50	1.2	14.88	1.7	2.98	2.6	2.57	6.0	3.97	1.5	1.72	4.3	3.64	1.2
Management, professional, and related occupations	75.80	3.1	51.45	2.3	24.35	5.2	6.41	4.6	4.54	17.9	5.30	3.1	3.05	6.9	5.05	2.1
Management, business, and financial occupations	80.84	3.9	55.03	2.4	25.81	7.6	6.63	5.2	5.46	26.6	5.37	3.6	3.01	8.0	5.34	2.2
Professional and related occupations	69.48	3.3	46.96	3.1	22.52	4.3	6.14	4.9	3.39	6.9	5.21	4.3	3.09	7.9	4.69	3.0
Sales and office occupations	40.85	2.4	29.44	2.9	11.41	2.2	2.63	3.7	1.39	5.2	3.40	3.7	0.95	5.5	3.03	2.0
Office and administrative support occupations	36.40	1.7	25.68	1.9	10.72	2.2	2.34	2.9	1.35	6.4	3.48	3.5	0.83	6.3	2.73	1.9
Natural resources, construction, and maintenance occupations	45.41	1.9	31.13	1.4	14.28	3.2	2.12	4.7	2.08	4.0	3.68	3.9	2.32	8.7	4.08	1.9
Construction, extraction, farming, fishing and forestry occupations	44.05	2.0	30.55	1.7	13.50	3.1	1.80	3.3	1.89	4.2	3.49	4.4	2.23	7.6	4.09	2.8
Installation, maintenance, and repair occupations	49.76	6.4	32.99	4.4	16.77	10.6	3.15	8.2	2.68	10.0	4.29	9.2	2.62	28.3	4.03	4.8
Production, transportation, and material moving occupations	36.10	1.2	23.85	1.2	12.25	1.8	2.22	1.6	2.38	5.5	3.84	2.0	0.93	4.2	2.88	1.1
Production occupations	36.51	1.5	23.98	1.3	12.53	2.3	2.29	1.8	2.51	6.1	3.92	2.4	0.94	5.3	2.87	1.2
Transportation and material moving occupations	34.67	2.9	23.39	2.9	11.27	3.4	1.97	4.5	1.93	7.2	3.53	4.6	0.92	9.0	2.92	2.8
Construction industry	47.85	1.9	33.32	1.5	14.53	3.7	2.32	4.5	2.51	16.4	3.50	3.0	2.11	8.8	4.09	1.7
Manufacturing industry	45.29	1.7	30.26	1.7	15.03	1.9	3.37	3.4	2.57	3.4	4.25	1.8	1.51	4.8	3.34	1.3
Management, professional, and related occupations	76.97	2.6	52.34	2.3	24.63	3.6	7.08	4.2	3.52	6.2	5.65	3.3	3.36	7.9	5.03	2.2
Management, business, and financial occupations	84.58	2.5	58.01	2.3	26.57	3.5	7.93	4.3	3.70	8.3	6.02	3.5	3.51	8.8	5.41	1.8
Professional and related occupations	70.98	3.5	47.87	3.2	23.11	4.6	6.41	4.9	3.37	8.2	5.35	4.6	3.24	8.3	4.73	3.1
Sales and office occupations	40.31	2.8	28.21	2.8	12.10	3.4	2.91	4.7	1.49	6.8	3.75	4.2	1.09	7.1	2.85	2.6
Office and administrative support occupations	36.18	2.7	24.84	2.8	11.34	3.2	2.57	4.3	1.40	7.8	3.90	3.8	0.94	7.0	2.53	2.9
Natural resources, construction, and maintenance occupations	48.48	3.8	31.69	3.1	16.79	5.3	3.38	6.5	2.73	7.0	4.87	7.2	1.95	9.1	3.87	3.3
Installation, maintenance, and repair occupations	49.97	3.7	32.89	3.3	17.07	4.8	3.69	6.0	2.85	6.7	4.76	6.6	1.90	9.8	3.87	3.4
Production, transportation, and material moving occupations	35.55	1.1	23.28	0.8	12.27	1.8	2.24	1.7	2.44	5.6	3.85	1.8	0.92	3.9	2.81	0.8
Production occupations	36.14	1.3	23.59	1.0	12.55	2.2	2.30	1.8	2.55	6.0	3.94	2.0	0.94	4.9	2.82	1.0
Transportation and material moving occupations	33.00	2.2	21.95	1.9	11.05	3.0	1.99	3.4	1.98	6.6	3.49	3.8	0.86	8.4	2.73	2.5
Aircraft manufacturing industry	78.79	3.1	48.96	3.0	29.83	3.5	7.04	4.2	5.47	4.2	7.75	3.2	4.35	5.0	5.22	2.4
Service-providing industries(4)	44.33	1.7	31.47	1.7	12.86	2.0	3.46	2.6	1.70	4.4	3.07	2.3	1.48	3.3	3.16	1.1
Management, professional, and related occupations	74.60	2.3	51.53	2.4	23.08	2.6	7.08	2.8	3.39	5.8	5.01	2.9	2.85	4.2	4.74	1.4
Management, business, and financial occupations	87.36	3.5	59.13	3.4	28.23	3.9	8.70	4.6	4.94	8.3	5.89	3.4	3.44	4.9	5.27	2.0
Professional and related occupations	68.41	2.2	47.84	2.4	20.57	2.6	6.30	3.2	2.64	5.3	4.59	3.2	2.57	4.6	4.48	1.5
Sales and office occupations	33.93	1.8	24.46	1.8	9.47	2.3	2.30	3.3	1.05	7.1	2.74	2.5	0.93	5.1	2.45	1.5
Sales and related occupations	33.74	3.1	25.44	3.1	8.30	4.3	2.03	6.2	1.03	16.1	1.92	4.1	0.82	9.6	2.51	2.3
Office and administrative support occupations	34.09	1.2	23.61	1.0	10.48	1.9	2.54	2.3	1.07	3.8	3.45	2.8	1.02	4.4	2.40	1.1
Service occupations	22.16	1.6	17.21	1.5	4.95	2.8	0.93	3.7	0.56	6.7	1.16	5.6	0.34	6.1	1.97	1.5
Natural resources, construction, and maintenance occupations	44.54	2.0	30.90	2.3	13.64	3.5	3.00	4.9	1.45	5.2	3.46	3.8	2.14	12.8	3.58	1.9
Installation, maintenance, and repair occupations	45.15	3.1	31.41	3.3	13.75	3.9	3.20	4.6	1.44	5.5	3.40	4.5	2.17	10.4	3.54	2.6
Production, transportation, and material moving occupations	34.22	3.4	24.33	3.5	9.88	3.4	2.02	4.4	1.13	3.6	2.68	4.2	1.19	7.5	2.87	2.5
Production occupations	30.87	3.6	22.46	3.3	8.41	5.5	1.76	7.6	1.28	9.4	2.02	9.5	0.76	10.8	2.59	3.6
Transportation and material moving occupations	34.73	3.8	24.62	4.1	10.11	3.8	2.06	5.2	1.11	3.9	2.78	4.7	1.25	8.0	2.91	2.8
Trade, transportation, and utilities industry	37.29	2.0	26.87	2.0	10.43	2.2	2.44	3.1	1.16	3.4	2.63	3.0	1.30	6.0	2.91	1.4
Management, professional, and related occupations	69.07	3.2	48.94	2.9	20.13	4.2	6.06	5.3	2.52	5.0	4.17	5.2	2.77	8.9	4.61	2.5
Management, business, and financial occupations	81.50	4.1	57.09	3.9	24.41	5.2	7.47	6.8	3.37	7.8	4.99	5.6	3.34	10.5	5.24	3.0
Professional and related occupations	58.19	4.3	41.81	3.9	16.37	5.7	4.82	6.8	1.78	8.0	3.45	6.2	2.27	10.2	4.05	3.8
Sales and office occupations	29.45	2.1	22.17	1.9	7.27	3.4	1.68	4.8	0.76	14.3	1.86	4.1	0.69	5.5	2.28	1.6
Sales and related occupations	28.37	2.7	21.83	2.4	6.54	4.7	1.51	7.1	0.74	19.1	1.49	5.1	0.59	8.0	2.22	2.0
Office and administrative support occupations	33.22	2.1	23.39	1.8	9.83	3.5	2.29	4.1	0.84	7.7	3.16	5.7	1.04	8.4	2.50	1.6
Service occupations	22.90	3.4	17.35	2.4	5.55	7.3	1.01	9.7	0.49	10.7	1.37	10.1	0.66	15.1	2.02	3.4
Natural resources, construction, and maintenance occupations	49.05	5.8	34.10	6.4	14.95	5.4	3.45	7.7	1.62	7.0	3.69	6.2	2.30	10.1	3.89	4.6
Installation, maintenance, and repair occupations	49.76	6.3	34.70	6.9	15.06	6.0	3.54	8.3	1.58	7.8	3.70	7.0	2.33	10.9	3.90	5.0
Production, transportation, and material moving occupations	36.85	3.8	25.88	4.1	10.98	3.7	2.27	5.0	1.20	4.1	3.01	4.6	1.45	8.0	3.05	2.7
Transportation and material moving occupations	36.85	4.1	25.90	4.4	10.95	3.8	2.25	5.5	1.18	4.4	3.00	4.7	1.46	8.3	3.06	2.9
Wholesale trade industry	51.66	4.0	36.64	3.9	15.03	4.6	4.06	6.6	1.98	7.6	3.56	4.8	1.74	10.0	3.69	2.8
Sales and office occupations	52.63	5.7	38.22	5.6	14.41	6.4	3.97	9.9	1.58	10.3	3.60	8.7	1.61	11.6	3.65	4.8
Office and administrative support occupations	34.14	3.1	24.24	2.6	9.90	6.0	2.53	5.3	0.97	14.1	3.10	10.0	0.78	12.5	2.52	3.2
Production, transportation, and material moving occupations	32.88	2.4	23.01	1.8	9.87	4.7	2.06	4.8	1.41	8.4	2.74	7.0	0.90	11.7	2.76	2.5
Transportation and material moving occupations	33.04	3.1	23.04	2.4	10.00	5.7	2.05	5.5	1.41	10.2	2.78	8.3	0.98	13.3	2.79	3.1
Retail trade industry	25.73	1.6	19.77	1.4	5.96	2.5	1.30	3.6	0.56	6.5	1.46	3.6	0.51	4.8	2.12	1.3
Sales and office occupations	22.93	1.4	18.06	1.2	4.87	2.3	1.03	2.7	0.42	8.3	1.18	5.4	0.36	5.6	1.89	1.1
Sales and related occupations	22.44	1.4	17.79	1.3	4.65	2.3	0.96	2.8	0.40	8.7	1.08	6.0	0.34	6.0	1.87	1.1
Office and administrative support occupations	27.40	3.1	20.53	2.9	6.87	4.8	1.66	6.6	0.56	9.8	2.04	6.9	0.52	9.8	2.09	3.1
Production, transportation, and material moving occupations	24.22	1.2	17.97	1.0	6.25	2.0	1.21	3.1	0.62	6.4	1.72	2.7	0.60	5.4	2.10	1.0
Transportation and material moving occupations	23.94	1.0	17.78	0.9	6.16	1.7	1.18	2.7	0.61	6.0	1.70	2.4	0.60	5.1	2.08	0.9
Transportation and warehousing industry	47.70	5.1	32.71	5.7	14.99	4.5	3.24	6.6	1.66	10.3	4.07	5.4	2.23	9.8	3.79	3.7
Utilities industry	76.37	1.5	48.11	1.5	28.26	1.8	6.91	2.0	2.57	6.1	7.14	2.8	6.37	4.6	5.27	1.4
Information industry	77.17	3.5	49.89	3.7	27.29	3.5	7.96	3.8	4.05	8.1	6.76	3.5	3.64	7.9	4.88	2.9
Management, professional, and related occupations	96.39	4.7	63.11	4.5	33.28	5.5	10.59	5.1	5.53	11.0	7.74	5.2	3.49	7.6	5.93	3.6
Professional and related occupations	92.95	4.6	60.83	4.7	32.13	4.6	10.25	5.7	5.09	7.2	7.60	4.2	3.36	6.9	5.82	3.6
Sales and office occupations	52.12	5.7	33.79	6.3	18.33	5.4	4.55	7.4	2.28	9.9	5.39	4.4	2.68	17.3	3.43	5.5
Financial activities industry	62.71	1.9	41.28	1.8	21.43	2.4	5.74	2.4	3.97	8.4	5.51	1.6	2.33	2.7	3.89	1.5
Management, professional, and related occupations	91.05	1.6	59.30	1.5	31.75	2.2	9.08	1.8	6.59	7.6	7.05	1.3	3.69	3.4	5.34	1.1
Management, business, and financial occupations	92.44	1.8	60.31	1.9	32.13	2.4	9.15	2.3	6.99	8.4	7.04	1.7	3.61	4.1	5.34	1.3
Professional and related occupations	86.49	2.7	55.97	2.6	30.52	3.0	8.84	3.4	5.29	6.1	7.10	1.9	3.93	5.1	5.36	2.0
Sales and office occupations	42.81	3.1	28.56	2.7	14.25	4.2	3.43	3.3	2.15	15.8	4.51	2.9	1.38	4.9	2.79	2.3
Sales and related occupations	52.64	9.2	36.80	7.8	15.84	13.6	3.76	9.9	(5)3.44	38.8	3.69	8.4	1.50	11.5	3.45	6.6
Office and administrative support occupations	39.49	1.0	25.77	1.0	13.72	1.4	3.31	1.8	1.72	4.9	4.78	2.0	1.34	4.0	2.56	1.1
Finance and insurance industry	70.32	2.2	45.61	2.1	24.71	2.5	6.69	2.5	4.85	8.6	6.15	1.3	2.83	2.6	4.20	1.7
Credit intermediation and related activities industry	65.04	3.1	41.89	3.0	23.14	3.9	6.20	3.5	4.44	11.2	5.82	2.0	2.78	5.2	3.90	2.6
Insurance carriers and related activities industry	64.25	2.8	41.83	2.8	22.42	3.2	6.02	4.5	3.96	4.8	5.93	2.6	2.50	4.5	4.02	2.4
Real estate and rental and leasing industry	39.95	4.0	28.34	3.9	11.61	5.0	2.90	6.8	1.34	10.2	3.59	6.6	0.83	10.7	2.96	3.0
Professional and business services industry	58.10	3.3	40.76	3.3	17.33	4.0	4.92	5.0	2.82	9.4	3.81	4.5	1.83	7.0	3.95	2.5
Management, professional, and related occupations	83.87	3.8	57.66	3.6	26.20	5.0	8.05	5.5	4.57	11.4	5.29	5.4	2.98	8.2	5.32	2.4
Management, business, and financial occupations	92.30	6.0	62.18	5.6	30.11	6.9	9.18	7.6	6.11	15.5	5.88	5.1	3.28	7.6	5.66	3.2
Professional and related occupations	78.40	3.7	54.73	3.6	23.67	5.8	7.31	7.9	3.57	11.7	4.90	7.4	2.79	10.4	5.10	3.0
Sales and office occupations	39.98	6.2	29.02	6.4	10.95	7.1	2.85	10.6	1.24	8.5	3.04	7.7	1.04	20.1	2.80	4.8
Office and administrative support occupations	33.50	2.5	23.90	2.0	9.59	4.5	2.33	6.3	1.27	9.2	2.86	6.8	0.72	7.5	2.41	2.6
Service occupations	27.21	4.5	20.77	4.8	6.44	5.9	1.21	7.8	0.90	10.3	1.70	9.9	0.27	14.3	2.36	4.2
Production, transportation, and material moving occupations	27.06	4.4	20.10	3.3	6.96	9.5	1.13	14.8	1.19	14.3	1.87	16.7	0.39	28.3	2.38	4.5
Transportation and material moving occupations	27.87	4.4	20.37	3.4	7.50	9.1	1.16	13.0	1.20	17.9	2.31	12.4	(5)0.37	35.2	2.46	4.6
Professional, scientific, and technical services industry	71.88	4.1	49.71	3.7	22.17	5.4	6.73	5.2	3.57	14.9	4.67	5.1	2.63	9.7	4.57	2.8
Administrative and waste services industry	34.33	8.8	25.77	9.2	8.57	8.1	1.78	6.6	1.26	12.5	2.11	5.8	0.57	19.2	2.85	10.1
Education and health services industry	47.94	4.9	34.03	5.0	13.91	4.9	4.09	6.3	1.49	7.0	3.40	4.9	1.64	8.1	3.29	3.0
Management, professional, and related occupations	65.03	5.2	45.91	5.6	19.12	4.7	6.01	6.0	2.02	6.9	4.38	4.4	2.51	7.5	4.19	3.0
Management, business, and financial occupations	81.89	16.3	57.63	16.3	24.26	16.3	8.82	20.0	1.89	24.9	5.31	11.5	3.53	23.3	4.71	8.7
Professional and related occupations	63.00	3.7	44.50	4.1	18.50	3.4	5.68	4.0	2.04	5.9	4.27	4.2	2.39	5.8	4.13	2.5
Sales and office occupations	32.79	2.8	22.94	2.5	9.85	4.6	2.56	5.6	0.60	9.8	3.48	6.3	0.87	8.3	2.34	2.9
Office and administrative support occupations	32.56	2.8	22.78	2.5	9.78	4.7	2.54	5.7	0.59	9.8	3.46	6.5	0.86	8.7	2.33	3.0
Service occupations	25.98	3.0	18.92	2.5	7.06	5.7	1.54	5.7	0.98	11.3	1.85	9.3	0.54	12.4	2.15	3.1
Educational services industry	55.54	2.8	40.10	2.7	15.44	3.3	4.52	4.1	0.48	11.1	4.05	4.5	2.65	6.3	3.74	2.1
Management, professional, and related occupations	59.92	2.9	43.55	2.7	16.37	3.8	4.85	4.4	0.49	12.8	4.21	5.3	2.84	7.1	3.99	1.9
Management, business, and financial occupations	72.94	7.6	50.94	8.0	22.00	6.8	8.26	8.9	0.53	17.2	5.44	6.6	3.26	10.0	4.51	4.0
Professional and related occupations	57.07	2.8	41.93	2.6	15.14	3.9	4.10	3.4	0.48	15.0	3.93	6.6	2.75	7.9	3.87	2.1
Sales and office occupations	36.09	5.5	25.05	4.2	11.04	11.0	3.16	11.2	0.29	17.9	3.35	18.9	1.73	16.8	2.51	3.9
Office and administrative support occupations	36.11	5.6	25.06	4.2	11.06	11.1	3.18	11.2	0.28	18.0	3.36	18.9	1.73	16.9	2.51	3.9
Service occupations	35.54	10.9	25.16	12.4	10.38	12.1	2.40	13.6	0.46	15.2	2.99	15.3	1.77	23.2	2.75	16.9
Junior colleges, colleges, universities and professional schools industry	71.52	2.8	49.33	2.9	22.18	2.8	6.88	3.7	0.73	9.2	5.98	3.0	4.15	3.8	4.45	2.3
Health care and social assistance industry	46.85	5.7	33.16	5.8	13.69	5.6	4.03	7.2	1.63	7.3	3.31	5.6	1.50	9.8	3.22	3.4
Registered nurse occupations	76.80	2.7	50.21	2.0	26.60	4.5	7.57	5.5	4.09	6.6	5.95	3.4	3.83	9.6	5.16	2.6
Management, professional, and related occupations	66.21	6.2	46.46	6.7	19.75	5.5	6.28	7.0	2.38	6.9	4.42	5.2	2.43	9.4	4.24	3.6
Professional and related occupations	64.23	4.4	45.04	4.9	19.20	3.9	6.01	4.5	2.36	5.9	4.33	4.8	2.31	7.0	4.18	2.9
Sales and office occupations	32.34	3.1	22.66	2.7	9.69	5.1	2.48	6.4	0.64	10.7	3.50	6.8	0.75	9.9	2.32	3.3
Office and administrative support occupations	32.07	3.1	22.47	2.7	9.60	5.2	2.45	6.5	0.63	10.7	3.47	7.0	0.74	10.5	2.30	3.3
Service occupations	25.72	3.0	18.75	2.4	6.97	5.8	1.52	5.8	0.99	11.4	1.81	9.6	0.51	13.1	2.13	3.0
Hospitals industry	69.77	6.5	45.97	7.3	23.80	5.2	6.83	8.1	3.40	5.6	5.71	3.5	3.52	8.0	4.34	3.1
Management, professional, and related occupations	84.27	8.3	55.82	9.2	28.44	6.6	8.55	9.8	4.10	7.0	6.34	4.1	4.35	10.0	5.11	4.0
Registered nurse occupations	79.53	1.9	51.09	2.0	28.43	2.3	7.91	2.7	4.63	6.3	6.50	2.8	4.18	5.1	5.22	1.9
Service occupations	34.88	2.1	22.49	1.9	12.39	3.2	2.53	2.8	2.11	5.5	3.65	5.5	1.58	7.3	2.52	2.2
Nursing and residential care facilities industry	32.47	1.6	23.68	1.7	8.80	2.6	2.30	3.6	0.97	5.6	2.42	4.4	0.54	11.0	2.56	1.3
Management, professional, and related occupations	48.38	2.1	35.15	2.8	13.24	2.8	3.92	4.5	1.31	7.8	3.42	6.3	1.01	10.0	3.58	2.4
Service occupations	25.57	1.2	18.75	0.9	6.82	2.9	1.56	3.0	0.88	5.6	1.92	5.4	0.33	14.2	2.13	1.3
Nursing care facilities industry	34.51	2.5	25.33	2.3	9.18	4.2	2.33	4.8	1.14	6.4	2.51	6.9	0.50	12.4	2.70	2.4
Management, professional, and related occupations	49.44	2.6	36.64	3.0	12.81	3.4	3.52	5.0	1.56	6.7	3.11	8.1	0.87	11.0	3.74	3.1
Service occupations	26.72	2.8	19.41	2.3	7.31	4.8	1.67	5.4	1.01	6.9	2.15	7.3	0.31	20.0	2.16	2.6
Leisure and hospitality industry	19.90	2.7	16.25	2.3	3.65	6.2	0.63	10.4	0.26	9.6	0.71	15.0	0.23	16.5	1.81	1.6
Sales and office occupations	20.47	4.8	16.66	4.4	3.81	12.6	0.77	17.1	(5)0.21	31.4	1.02	29.2	(5)0.21	35.0	1.60	4.8
Service occupations	18.00	2.0	14.93	2.0	3.07	4.1	0.45	8.1	0.22	9.1	0.51	13.0	0.17	11.0	1.72	1.5
Accommodation and food services industry	18.77	3.0	15.31	2.2	3.45	7.9	0.57	14.1	0.26	11.8	0.67	18.0	0.20	20.5	1.74	1.8
Other services industry	37.66	7.9	27.90	6.9	9.76	11.4	2.63	13.2	0.66	14.5	2.05	13.9	1.60	29.8	2.83	4.4
Footnotes (1) Includes costs for wages and salaries and benefits. (2) The relative standard error (RSE) is the standard error expressed as a percent of the cost. (3) Includes mining, construction, and manufacturing. The agriculture, forestry, farming, and hunting sector is excluded. (4) Includes utilities; wholesale trade; retail trade; transportation and warehousing; information; finance and insurance; real estate and rental and leasing; professional, scientific, and technical services; management of companies and enterprises; administrative and waste services; educational services; health care and social assistance; arts, entertainment and recreation; accommodation and food services; and other services, except public administration. (5) The relative standard error for this estimate is equal to or greater than 30 percent.

Table 5. Employer Costs for Employee Compensation for private industry workers by bargaining and work status [Dec. 2024]
Series	Total compensation(1)		Wages and salaries		Total benefits		Paid leave		Supplemental pay		Insurance		Retirement and savings		Legally required benefits
Series	Cost ($)	RSE(2)	Cost ($)	RSE(2)	Cost ($)	RSE(2)	Cost ($)	RSE(2)	Cost ($)	RSE(2)	Cost ($)	RSE(2)	Cost ($)	RSE(2)	Cost ($)	RSE(2)
Union workers	59.86	2.5	36.47	2.6	23.39	2.7	4.44	4.4	2.55	4.6	7.31	1.7	4.78	4.9	4.32	2.3
Goods-producing industries(3)	59.67	2.8	35.52	2.3	24.16	4.4	3.45	5.8	3.24	6.5	8.01	3.1	4.92	9.2	4.53	3.2
Manufacturing industry	51.42	2.6	29.66	2.5	21.76	3.1	3.69	3.5	3.96	5.4	7.85	3.6	2.52	6.3	3.75	2.8
Service-providing industries(4)	59.93	3.3	36.88	3.5	23.05	3.4	4.86	5.4	2.24	6.6	7.00	2.1	4.72	5.9	4.23	3.0
Trade, transportation, and utilities industry	58.27	5.1	36.66	6.2	21.62	3.7	4.21	6.0	2.12	5.1	6.52	3.2	4.55	5.9	4.20	3.5
Retail trade industry	31.44	6.5	19.90	8.0	11.54	4.3	1.94	12.4	1.00	7.0	4.00	3.2	2.13	4.0	2.47	6.1
Transportation and warehousing industry	69.27	6.8	44.09	8.2	25.18	4.7	5.09	7.6	2.52	6.9	7.30	3.5	5.36	8.1	4.90	4.2
Education and health services industry	68.03	7.4	41.73	6.9	26.29	8.7	6.60	12.0	3.05	15.3	7.34	4.3	4.72	13.4	4.58	7.1
Health care and social assistance industry	67.49	8.2	41.21	7.6	26.28	9.7	6.62	13.2	3.33	15.5	7.18	4.7	4.56	15.2	4.59	7.8

Nonunion workers	43.39	1.6	31.05	1.5	12.34	1.9	3.29	2.4	1.78	4.2	2.87	2.1	1.24	3.2	3.15	0.9
Goods-producing industries(3)	44.17	1.5	30.83	1.3	13.34	2.4	2.90	3.1	2.46	7.3	3.30	1.9	1.19	4.0	3.49	1.2
Manufacturing industries	44.43	1.9	30.34	1.9	14.09	2.3	3.32	3.8	2.38	3.9	3.74	2.2	1.37	5.5	3.28	1.5
Service-providing industries(4)	43.25	1.8	31.09	1.8	12.16	2.2	3.36	2.7	1.66	4.8	2.80	2.5	1.25	3.7	3.09	1.1
Trade, transportation, and utilities industries	34.62	1.9	25.62	1.9	9.00	2.3	2.21	3.5	1.03	4.7	2.14	2.9	0.88	6.3	2.74	1.3
Retail trade industries	25.35	1.6	19.76	1.4	5.59	2.6	1.26	3.5	0.53	6.9	1.29	4.1	0.40	5.2	2.10	1.3
Transportation and warehousing industries	39.70	6.0	28.49	6.6	11.21	5.7	2.55	9.0	1.35	17.0	2.87	7.8	1.06	9.7	3.38	4.2
Education and health services industries	46.33	5.4	33.42	5.5	12.92	5.4	3.89	6.9	1.36	8.1	3.08	5.4	1.40	9.3	3.18	3.2
Health care and social assistance industries	45.16	6.3	32.50	6.4	12.66	6.2	3.82	8.0	1.49	8.4	2.99	6.2	1.25	11.6	3.11	3.7

Full-time workers	51.16	1.5	35.24	1.6	15.92	1.6	4.17	2.2	2.28	3.8	4.04	1.7	1.87	2.7	3.56	1.0
Occupational group
Management, professional and related occupations	78.14	2.3	53.25	2.3	24.89	2.4	7.57	2.6	3.79	5.8	5.55	2.3	3.09	3.7	4.88	1.4
Management, business, and financial occupations	87.40	3.1	59.09	2.9	28.31	3.5	8.51	4.1	5.13	8.3	5.91	2.9	3.43	4.4	5.33	1.7
Professional and related occupations	72.23	2.3	49.52	2.5	22.71	2.3	6.98	2.7	2.94	5.2	5.32	2.7	2.88	4.0	4.59	1.6
Sales and office occupations	39.85	1.7	27.90	1.8	11.96	2.2	2.99	2.9	1.38	7.1	3.65	2.3	1.19	4.9	2.75	1.5
Sales and related occupations	46.56	3.1	33.93	3.0	12.64	4.4	3.32	5.2	1.68	16.9	3.13	3.7	1.31	10.3	3.21	2.5
Office and administrative support occupations	36.20	1.1	24.61	1.0	11.59	1.7	2.81	2.1	1.21	3.9	3.94	2.3	1.13	4.0	2.51	1.1
Service occupations	25.86	1.9	19.04	1.6	6.82	3.4	1.44	3.8	0.86	7.0	1.93	5.0	0.50	7.3	2.09	2.0
Natural resources, construction, and maintenance occupations	45.90	1.4	31.40	1.3	14.50	2.4	2.58	3.2	1.88	3.3	3.76	2.6	2.36	7.4	3.91	1.5
Construction, extraction, farming, fishing, and forestry occupations	44.19	2.2	30.45	1.8	13.74	3.2	1.88	3.0	1.87	4.5	3.64	3.9	2.28	8.5	4.07	3.2
Installation, maintenance, and repair occupations	47.82	3.0	32.47	2.7	15.35	4.4	3.37	3.8	1.90	5.6	3.89	4.1	2.45	11.7	3.74	2.5
Production, transportation, and material moving occupations	37.55	2.3	25.59	2.6	11.96	2.2	2.37	3.0	1.85	3.8	3.54	2.4	1.22	5.6	2.99	1.7
Production occupations	35.85	1.3	23.91	1.2	11.94	2.0	2.24	2.0	2.30	5.5	3.64	2.4	0.93	4.5	2.83	1.2
Transportation and material moving occupations	38.88	4.0	26.90	4.4	11.99	3.6	2.46	5.3	1.49	3.6	3.46	4.1	1.45	8.0	3.12	2.8
Industry group
Goods-producing industries(3)	47.03	1.3	31.81	1.2	15.21	1.7	3.05	2.8	2.62	6.0	4.09	1.5	1.78	4.4	3.66	1.1
Construction industry	48.50	1.9	33.63	1.5	14.87	3.8	2.39	4.5	2.56	16.7	3.62	3.0	2.18	8.8	4.12	1.7
Manufacturing industry	45.94	1.8	30.59	1.8	15.36	1.9	3.45	3.5	2.63	3.3	4.36	2.0	1.55	4.9	3.36	1.3
Service-providing industries(4)	52.27	1.9	36.16	1.9	16.11	2.0	4.47	2.5	2.19	4.6	4.02	2.1	1.90	3.1	3.53	1.2
Trade, transportation, and utilities industry	45.21	2.2	31.77	2.3	13.44	2.4	3.33	3.1	1.56	3.8	3.49	3.0	1.72	6.2	3.34	1.6
Information industry	82.10	3.5	52.66	3.8	29.45	3.3	8.62	3.5	4.38	9.0	7.36	3.2	3.97	7.4	5.12	2.9
Financial activities industry	64.85	1.8	42.43	1.7	22.42	2.3	6.02	2.0	4.18	8.4	5.80	1.2	2.44	2.7	3.98	1.5
Professional and business services industry	61.18	3.4	42.43	3.2	18.75	4.2	5.41	5.1	3.03	10.0	4.23	4.6	2.03	6.4	4.06	2.2
Education and health services industry	51.92	5.3	36.05	5.6	15.87	4.9	4.75	6.4	1.66	7.0	4.18	4.4	1.89	8.3	3.39	3.4
Leisure and hospitality industry	24.95	2.8	19.16	2.3	5.78	6.1	1.23	8.2	0.52	8.4	1.57	11.3	0.47	14.9	1.98	2.7
Other services industry	44.69	8.0	32.19	7.3	12.50	10.6	3.51	12.5	0.87	15.4	2.76	11.9	2.17	28.5	3.18	4.5

Part-time workers	24.49	2.7	19.76	2.8	4.74	3.6	0.91	6.1	0.48	7.1	0.68	7.0	0.41	9.5	2.25	2.7
Occupational group
Management, professional and related occupations	49.97	5.8	38.99	5.9	10.98	8.8	2.96	11.9	1.44	11.9	1.34	14.8	1.28	17.9	3.95	6.6
Professional and related occupations	50.73	6.2	39.50	6.3	11.23	9.3	3.02	12.6	1.51	12.0	1.36	15.4	1.32	18.7	4.01	7.0
Sales and office occupations	20.23	1.5	16.79	1.3	3.45	3.1	0.59	6.5	0.29	12.6	0.52	11.3	0.23	8.7	1.82	1.3
Sales and related occupations	18.34	1.4	15.46	1.4	2.88	2.1	0.42	5.6	0.19	18.2	0.37	9.1	0.21	8.7	1.70	1.8
Office and administrative support occupations	24.31	2.5	19.65	2.1	4.66	5.7	0.94	9.8	0.51	12.5	0.84	15.9	0.29	13.8	2.08	2.5
Service occupations	18.22	2.4	15.25	2.5	2.98	3.5	0.39	8.6	0.24	11.6	0.33	10.7	0.17	10.6	1.84	2.6
Production, transportation, and material moving occupations	24.17	2.2	18.34	1.7	5.82	4.3	0.98	6.4	0.54	10.0	1.33	8.5	0.58	11.7	2.39	2.7
Transportation and material moving occupations	24.31	2.3	18.37	1.7	5.94	4.4	1.01	6.5	0.51	10.5	1.41	8.8	0.61	11.0	2.40	2.9
Industry group
Service-providing industries(4)	24.43	2.7	19.70	2.9	4.73	3.7	0.92	6.2	0.47	7.4	0.68	7.0	0.42	9.6	2.24	2.7
Trade, transportation, and utilities industry	21.77	1.5	17.25	1.3	4.52	3.4	0.68	4.6	0.36	10.7	0.95	6.5	0.46	8.9	2.06	1.6
Professional and business services industry	32.98	18.8	27.17	20.1	5.81	13.8	0.97	19.9	1.12	20.4	0.42	21.4	0.22	26.2	3.07	20.8
Education and health services industry	36.73	4.6	28.34	4.4	8.38	7.1	2.24	8.5	0.99	10.9	1.21	11.6	0.94	14.8	3.01	3.8
Leisure and hospitality industry	16.57	3.1	14.33	3.0	2.25	3.9	0.24	14.6	0.09	15.8	0.13	14.2	0.08	15.7	1.70	2.9
Footnotes (1) Includes costs for wages and salaries and benefits. (2) The relative standard error (RSE) is the standard error expressed as a percent of the cost. (3) Includes mining, construction, and manufacturing. The agriculture, forestry, farming, and hunting sector is excluded. (4) Includes utilities; wholesale trade; retail trade; transportation and warehousing; information; finance and insurance; real estate and rental and leasing; professional and technical services; management of companies and enterprises; administrative and waste services; educational services; health care and social assistance; arts, entertainment and recreation; accommodation and food services; and other services, except public administration.

Table 6. Employer Costs for Employee Compensation for private industry workers by establishment size and industry group [Dec. 2024]
Series	Total compensation(1)		Wages and salaries		Total benefits		Paid leave		Supplemental pay		Insurance		Retirement and savings		Legally required benefits
Series	Cost ($)	RSE(2)	Cost ($)	RSE(2)	Cost ($)	RSE(2)	Cost ($)	RSE(2)	Cost ($)	RSE(2)	Cost ($)	RSE(2)	Cost ($)	RSE(2)	Cost ($)	RSE(2)
All workers	44.67	1.5	31.47	1.5	13.20	1.7	3.38	2.3	1.84	3.7	3.22	1.9	1.52	2.8	3.24	0.9
1-99 workers	35.98	1.6	26.70	1.6	9.27	1.9	2.28	2.7	1.10	5.6	2.18	2.9	0.89	3.7	2.83	1.2
1-49 workers	34.93	1.6	26.19	1.6	8.73	2.1	2.13	3.1	1.03	7.0	1.96	3.3	0.82	4.1	2.79	1.4
50-99 workers	39.22	3.4	28.27	3.3	10.95	4.2	2.73	5.4	1.32	8.9	2.87	4.2	1.10	7.3	2.94	2.5
100 workers or more	54.76	2.0	37.01	2.1	17.75	2.1	4.66	2.8	2.70	4.2	4.42	1.9	2.25	3.5	3.72	1.3
100-499 workers	46.30	3.2	32.40	3.2	13.90	3.2	3.64	4.8	1.88	4.5	3.53	2.8	1.57	6.5	3.29	1.8
500 workers or more	65.42	2.5	42.82	2.7	22.60	2.6	5.96	3.5	3.74	5.1	5.55	2.3	3.11	3.7	4.25	2.0

Goods-producing industries(3)	46.38	1.2	31.50	1.2	14.88	1.7	2.98	2.6	2.57	6.0	3.97	1.5	1.72	4.3	3.64	1.2
1-99 workers	41.15	1.3	29.38	1.3	11.77	2.7	2.25	4.2	1.89	15.8	2.84	3.4	1.27	6.5	3.52	1.5
1-49 workers	40.65	2.2	29.32	1.8	11.32	4.9	2.11	5.8	1.91	22.1	2.47	3.7	1.26	9.2	3.57	1.9
50-99 workers	42.35	3.8	29.51	2.9	12.84	6.5	2.57	6.7	1.84	7.3	3.74	9.7	1.29	17.6	3.39	3.4
100 workers or more	50.98	1.7	33.37	1.7	17.61	2.0	3.62	3.0	3.17	4.0	4.97	1.4	2.12	6.3	3.74	1.5
100-499 workers	46.25	2.6	31.14	2.5	15.11	3.4	3.07	3.7	2.37	8.3	4.33	2.8	1.78	10.8	3.57	2.1
500 workers or more	57.89	2.9	36.62	2.8	21.28	3.2	4.42	5.8	4.33	3.2	5.91	2.8	2.63	6.9	3.99	2.3

Manufacturing industry	45.29	1.7	30.26	1.7	15.03	1.9	3.37	3.4	2.57	3.4	4.25	1.8	1.51	4.8	3.34	1.3
1-99 workers	38.31	2.6	27.32	2.5	10.99	3.6	2.56	5.4	1.53	8.7	2.99	5.2	0.84	8.8	3.07	2.1
1-49 workers	37.53	4.5	27.27	4.3	10.26	5.8	2.47	8.9	1.41	10.8	2.45	6.3	0.84	14.9	3.09	3.6
50-99 workers	39.62	4.4	27.41	3.4	12.21	7.1	2.70	5.9	1.74	10.8	3.88	10.4	0.85	16.7	3.04	3.8
100 workers or more	49.28	2.4	31.94	2.3	17.34	2.6	3.83	4.1	3.17	3.0	4.96	2.3	1.89	6.2	3.49	1.9
100-499 workers	41.38	2.3	27.96	2.4	13.41	2.4	3.05	3.4	2.05	5.7	4.01	2.6	1.21	5.4	3.09	1.8
500 workers or more	58.48	3.6	36.56	3.6	21.91	3.9	4.74	6.4	4.47	3.3	6.07	3.2	2.69	8.3	3.95	3.0

Service-providing industries(4)	44.33	1.7	31.47	1.7	12.86	2.0	3.46	2.6	1.70	4.4	3.07	2.3	1.48	3.3	3.16	1.1
1-99 workers	35.10	1.9	26.25	1.9	8.85	2.3	2.28	3.2	0.97	5.4	2.07	3.5	0.82	4.4	2.71	1.4
1-49 workers	34.04	1.9	25.71	1.9	8.33	2.4	2.13	3.6	0.89	5.9	1.88	3.9	0.75	4.7	2.67	1.6
50-99 workers	38.56	4.1	28.01	4.0	10.55	4.9	2.76	6.3	1.21	11.1	2.68	4.7	1.05	8.0	2.84	3.0
100 workers or more	55.65	2.4	37.86	2.5	17.78	2.5	4.91	3.2	2.59	5.3	4.29	2.4	2.28	4.1	3.71	1.6
100-499 workers	46.31	3.9	32.72	4.0	13.60	4.0	3.78	5.8	1.75	5.2	3.32	3.5	1.52	7.9	3.22	2.3
500 workers or more	67.01	2.9	44.13	3.0	22.88	3.0	6.28	3.8	3.62	6.3	5.47	2.7	3.21	4.2	4.30	2.4

Trade, transportation, and utilities industry	37.29	2.0	26.87	2.0	10.43	2.2	2.44	3.1	1.16	3.4	2.63	3.0	1.30	6.0	2.91	1.4
1-99 workers	34.27	3.1	25.80	2.9	8.47	3.8	2.01	5.3	0.89	9.1	2.04	5.3	0.78	7.2	2.75	2.2
1-49 workers	33.72	3.9	25.68	3.8	8.03	4.7	1.92	6.8	0.87	12.8	1.82	4.9	0.71	9.7	2.71	2.6
50-99 workers	36.04	3.9	26.17	3.5	9.87	5.5	2.28	6.3	0.98	5.5	2.72	9.8	1.01	8.0	2.88	3.3
100 workers or more	40.87	2.9	28.13	2.8	12.74	3.5	2.94	4.7	1.46	4.7	3.34	3.2	1.91	7.2	3.09	1.8
100-499 workers	34.39	3.0	24.34	2.7	10.05	3.7	2.35	5.8	1.09	7.1	2.67	3.2	1.21	7.1	2.73	2.0
500 workers or more	56.39	5.1	37.19	5.4	19.20	4.8	4.36	6.0	2.37	5.7	4.95	4.6	3.57	8.6	3.95	3.4

Wholesale trade industry	51.66	4.0	36.64	3.9	15.03	4.6	4.06	6.6	1.98	7.6	3.56	4.8	1.74	10.0	3.69	2.8
1-99 workers	47.77	4.1	34.70	4.0	13.06	5.0	3.42	6.2	1.58	8.5	3.20	6.9	1.36	9.5	3.52	3.3
1-49 workers	47.33	4.7	34.69	4.6	12.64	5.5	3.30	6.8	1.48	10.2	3.03	7.1	1.35	11.5	3.47	3.8
100 workers or more	59.89	7.3	40.72	7.4	19.17	7.3	5.41	10.6	2.84	10.1	4.32	4.9	2.54	13.4	4.05	5.6
100-499 workers	54.61	7.6	37.45	8.0	17.17	7.5	4.79	11.8	2.39	10.8	4.07	7.1	2.07	13.9	3.84	6.0

Retail trade industry	25.73	1.6	19.77	1.4	5.96	2.5	1.30	3.6	0.56	6.5	1.46	3.6	0.51	4.8	2.12	1.3
1-99 workers	25.11	2.5	19.88	2.3	5.23	3.7	1.13	5.5	0.45	9.1	1.15	6.6	0.37	9.5	2.12	2.0
1-49 workers	24.49	3.1	19.57	2.7	4.92	5.0	1.06	6.9	0.44	10.7	1.04	8.8	0.30	12.7	2.09	2.6
50-99 workers	27.40	4.1	21.02	3.7	6.38	5.7	1.42	8.8	0.47	10.6	1.59	7.6	0.66	13.4	2.25	3.4
100 workers or more	26.64	1.7	19.62	1.4	7.02	2.7	1.55	3.9	0.73	6.3	1.91	2.7	0.71	3.6	2.11	1.2
100-499 workers	26.58	1.6	19.59	1.4	6.99	2.5	1.56	3.7	0.70	5.8	1.91	2.5	0.71	3.4	2.12	1.1

Transportation and warehousing industry	47.70	5.1	32.71	5.7	14.99	4.5	3.24	6.6	1.66	10.3	4.07	5.4	2.23	9.8	3.79	3.7
1-99 workers	45.05	11.7	32.82	12.2	12.23	12.6	2.78	18.7	(5)1.43	35.2	3.19	15.4	1.05	17.2	3.77	7.3
1-49 workers	47.83	15.7	35.33	16.3	12.50	17.0	2.98	24.6	(5)1.58	49.4	2.87	18.0	1.12	22.9	3.96	9.7
100 workers or more	48.99	5.5	32.66	5.5	16.33	5.8	3.46	7.3	1.78	5.5	4.50	5.7	2.80	11.5	3.80	3.7
100-499 workers	39.12	6.0	26.88	5.0	12.24	8.2	2.57	10.6	1.20	10.7	3.46	9.4	1.56	17.6	3.44	4.5

Information industry	77.17	3.5	49.89	3.7	27.29	3.5	7.96	3.8	4.05	8.1	6.76	3.5	3.64	7.9	4.88	2.9
1-99 workers	60.19	6.2	39.78	5.6	20.41	8.8	5.53	9.3	2.05	11.3	5.45	5.5	3.28	24.5	4.11	5.3
100 workers or more	95.41	5.2	60.74	5.5	34.67	5.3	10.57	4.9	6.21	9.4	8.16	4.4	4.03	10.4	5.70	4.4
100-499 workers	79.62	7.0	51.96	7.9	27.65	5.8	8.42	8.2	3.98	8.8	7.18	5.0	3.20	9.1	4.87	6.6
500 workers or more	107.32	6.8	67.36	7.3	39.96	7.0	12.20	6.9	7.89	10.4	8.90	5.7	4.65	14.8	6.33	5.8

Financial activities industry	62.71	1.9	41.28	1.8	21.43	2.4	5.74	2.4	3.97	8.4	5.51	1.6	2.33	2.7	3.89	1.5
1-99 workers	52.42	2.9	36.13	2.9	16.29	3.5	4.41	3.9	2.48	15.3	4.45	3.0	1.52	5.6	3.43	2.3
1-49 workers	49.88	2.8	34.52	2.8	15.36	3.9	4.14	4.3	2.30	18.9	4.25	3.3	1.36	6.1	3.31	2.2
100 workers or more	75.31	2.4	47.59	2.5	27.71	2.6	7.36	2.5	5.78	6.6	6.80	1.6	3.31	4.0	4.45	2.0
100-499 workers	69.69	4.4	44.93	4.2	24.76	6.0	6.54	5.8	5.21	14.8	6.06	4.3	2.80	10.1	4.15	3.6
500 workers or more	79.10	2.4	49.39	2.3	29.71	2.7	7.92	2.4	6.17	5.9	7.31	1.9	3.66	3.1	4.66	1.9

Professional and business services industry	58.10	3.3	40.76	3.3	17.33	4.0	4.92	5.0	2.82	9.4	3.81	4.5	1.83	7.0	3.95	2.5
1-99 workers	47.19	3.2	34.31	3.1	12.88	4.3	3.48	5.4	1.78	8.7	2.86	5.8	1.27	13.3	3.49	2.6
1-49 workers	44.98	4.1	32.94	3.9	12.04	5.2	3.18	6.8	1.54	11.1	2.67	6.8	1.28	17.9	3.38	3.3
50-99 workers	53.75	8.2	38.39	7.4	15.36	11.4	4.36	12.3	2.49	27.6	3.44	9.5	1.25	15.1	3.81	6.2
100 workers or more	67.93	4.7	46.58	4.9	21.35	5.7	6.22	7.2	3.76	12.9	4.66	5.7	2.34	8.1	4.37	3.7
100-499 workers	61.24	5.5	42.88	5.5	18.36	6.3	5.43	8.6	2.77	10.0	4.27	5.7	1.90	11.6	3.99	4.8
500 workers or more	75.42	7.2	50.71	7.5	24.70	8.3	7.10	11.1	4.87	16.4	5.11	9.1	2.83	9.8	4.80	6.4

Education and health services industry	47.94	4.9	34.03	5.0	13.91	4.9	4.09	6.3	1.49	7.0	3.40	4.9	1.64	8.1	3.29	3.0
1-99 workers	34.39	6.6	26.22	6.6	8.17	7.4	2.38	9.5	0.61	13.6	1.96	10.3	0.59	14.8	2.62	4.9
1-49 workers	32.22	6.6	24.92	6.3	7.30	8.4	2.09	11.1	0.54	16.8	1.63	13.9	0.47	18.5	2.56	5.6
50-99 workers	41.49	12.8	30.48	13.7	11.01	11.2	3.33	15.0	0.85	20.6	3.04	8.8	0.97	20.5	2.82	9.0
100 workers or more	59.26	4.7	40.55	4.9	18.70	4.7	5.52	6.0	2.22	6.6	4.60	4.4	2.52	7.3	3.84	2.9
100-499 workers	50.88	12.7	36.92	12.6	13.96	13.1	4.42	17.2	1.36	14.9	3.33	11.5	1.47	26.0	3.38	6.7
500 workers or more	65.55	3.6	43.28	3.6	22.27	3.8	6.35	5.2	2.86	6.4	5.55	3.3	3.32	5.7	4.19	3.0

Educational services industry	55.54	2.8	40.10	2.7	15.44	3.3	4.52	4.1	0.48	11.1	4.05	4.5	2.65	6.3	3.74	2.1
1-99 workers	43.15	5.7	33.16	5.3	9.99	8.2	2.65	9.6	0.26	24.2	2.42	15.5	1.40	13.7	3.26	4.4
100 workers or more	63.35	3.1	44.47	2.8	18.88	4.6	5.70	5.4	0.61	9.8	5.08	6.1	3.44	7.4	4.04	2.1
100-499 workers	48.55	5.0	35.59	3.7	12.96	10.9	3.84	13.6	0.27	29.1	3.53	16.0	1.96	24.5	3.36	3.5
500 workers or more	75.79	3.3	51.93	3.6	23.86	2.9	7.27	4.0	0.91	8.7	6.39	2.5	4.69	3.5	4.61	2.8

Health care and social assistance industry	46.85	5.7	33.16	5.8	13.69	5.6	4.03	7.2	1.63	7.3	3.31	5.6	1.50	9.8	3.22	3.4
1-99 workers	33.35	7.4	25.40	7.4	7.95	8.4	2.35	10.8	0.65	14.2	1.91	11.6	0.49	19.0	2.55	5.5
1-49 workers	31.27	7.6	24.15	7.2	7.12	9.5	2.08	12.5	0.58	17.6	1.59	15.6	0.39	23.9	2.49	6.3
50-99 workers	40.03	14.6	29.41	15.7	10.61	12.9	3.23	17.1	0.90	21.4	2.93	10.1	0.83	25.9	2.73	10.3
100 workers or more	58.58	5.5	39.91	5.8	18.67	5.4	5.49	6.9	2.48	6.8	4.52	5.1	2.37	8.9	3.81	3.3
100-499 workers	51.29	14.8	37.16	14.7	14.14	15.2	4.52	19.6	1.55	15.3	3.30	13.4	(5)1.38	32.2	3.38	7.9
500 workers or more	63.96	4.1	41.94	4.2	22.02	4.4	6.21	6.1	3.16	6.7	5.42	3.9	3.10	6.9	4.12	3.5

Leisure and hospitality industry	19.90	2.7	16.25	2.3	3.65	6.2	0.63	10.4	0.26	9.6	0.71	15.0	0.23	16.5	1.81	1.6
1-99 workers	17.97	2.6	15.10	2.3	2.87	5.1	0.40	11.7	0.21	10.9	0.44	17.3	0.10	16.6	1.71	2.0
1-49 workers	18.07	3.0	15.30	2.9	2.77	4.9	0.40	11.2	0.20	15.7	0.34	19.7	0.08	16.4	1.75	3.0
50-99 workers	17.72	3.1	14.57	2.8	3.15	8.1	0.41	17.0	0.25	12.0	0.72	20.9	0.17	22.3	1.60	5.6
100 workers or more	26.05	5.3	19.91	4.7	6.14	10.0	1.37	11.4	0.42	15.4	1.54	18.6	0.65	25.0	2.15	4.4
100-499 workers	23.21	8.2	18.52	7.4	4.69	14.0	0.94	19.8	0.35	14.6	1.02	27.2	(5)0.36	36.2	2.01	7.2
500 workers or more	31.52	6.5	22.59	6.8	8.93	9.4	2.20	11.5	0.55	23.6	2.55	15.1	1.22	25.7	2.41	7.0
Footnotes (1) Includes costs for wages and salaries and benefits. (2) The relative standard error (RSE) is the standard error expressed as a percent of the cost. (3) Includes mining, construction, and manufacturing. The agriculture, forestry, farming, and hunting sector is excluded. (4) Includes utilities; wholesale trade; retail trade; transportation and warehousing; information; finance and insurance; real estate and rental and leasing; professional and technical services; management of companies and enterprises; administrative and waste services; educational services; health care and social assistance; arts, entertainment and recreation; accommodation and food services; and other services, except public administration. (5) The relative standard error for this estimate is equal to or greater than 30 percent.

Table 7. Employer Costs for Employee Compensation for private industry workers by census region and division [Dec. 2024]
Area(1)	Total compensation(2)		Wages and salaries		Total benefits		Paid leave		Supplemental pay		Insurance		Retirement and savings		Legally required benefits
Area(1)	Cost ($)	RSE(3)	Cost ($)	RSE(3)	Cost ($)	RSE(3)	Cost ($)	RSE(3)	Cost ($)	RSE(3)	Cost ($)	RSE(3)	Cost ($)	RSE(3)	Cost ($)	RSE(3)
Northeast	55.35	4.7	38.34	5.0	17.01	4.6	4.63	6.4	2.08	9.5	4.19	4.8	2.17	6.6	3.94	2.7
New England	55.44	3.7	38.09	3.4	17.35	4.8	4.94	5.6	2.05	15.0	4.44	6.0	2.15	5.7	3.78	2.4
Middle Atlantic	55.31	6.3	38.42	6.7	16.89	6.4	4.52	8.9	2.10	12.8	4.10	6.3	2.18	8.8	4.00	3.3
South	39.17	1.6	28.12	1.6	11.06	2.3	2.83	2.4	1.60	4.9	2.67	3.3	1.17	5.5	2.78	1.3
South Atlantic	41.19	1.9	29.51	1.6	11.68	3.0	3.07	3.0	1.68	7.1	2.73	5.1	1.27	8.0	2.91	1.4
East South Central	32.36	4.5	23.42	4.1	8.94	5.8	2.09	6.2	1.26	8.9	2.46	5.1	0.80	13.8	2.34	3.9
West South Central	38.98	3.1	27.98	3.2	11.00	3.8	2.77	4.6	1.63	8.6	2.68	5.1	1.18	5.7	2.74	2.3
Midwest	41.16	2.0	28.63	1.7	12.53	2.6	2.95	3.9	1.86	4.5	3.28	3.7	1.45	5.2	2.98	1.5
East North Central	42.07	2.1	29.08	2.0	12.99	2.7	3.04	4.5	2.00	3.7	3.34	4.4	1.60	6.1	3.02	1.7
West North Central	39.29	3.8	27.72	3.2	11.57	5.4	2.78	7.3	1.58	12.7	3.17	6.4	1.14	7.7	2.91	2.8
West	48.73	3.1	34.40	2.9	14.33	3.8	3.73	4.9	2.02	10.1	3.26	3.3	1.63	5.3	3.69	1.5
Mountain	40.84	1.7	29.68	1.4	11.16	2.6	2.82	3.5	1.54	5.3	2.65	4.8	1.11	6.1	3.04	1.8
Pacific	52.84	4.2	36.86	4.0	15.98	5.1	4.20	6.4	2.27	13.4	3.58	4.2	1.90	6.5	4.03	1.9
Footnotes (1) The census divisions are defined as follows: New England: Connecticut, Maine, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, Rhode Island and Vermont; Middle Atlantic: New Jersey, New York, and Pennsylvania; South Atlantic: Delaware, District of Columbia, Florida, Georgia, Maryland, North Carolina, South Carolina, Virginia, and West Virginia; East South Central: Alabama, Kentucky, Mississippi, and Tennessee; West South Central: Arkansas, Louisiana, Oklahoma, and Texas; East North Central: Illinois, Indiana, Michigan, Ohio, and Wisconsin; West North Central: Iowa, Kansas, Minnesota, Missouri, Nebraska, North Dakota, and South Dakota; Mountain: Arizona, Colorado, Idaho, Montana, Nevada, New Mexico, Utah, and Wyoming; and Pacific: Alaska, California, Hawaii, Oregon, and Washington. (2) Includes costs for wages and salaries and benefits. (3) The relative standard error (RSE) is the standard error expressed as a percent of the cost.

Last Modified Date: March 14, 2025