Occupational Employment and Wage Statistics
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Occupational Employment and Wages, May 2023
41-4011 Sales Representatives, Wholesale and Manufacturing, Technical and Scientific Products
Sell goods for wholesalers or manufacturers where technical or scientific knowledge is required in such areas as biology, engineering, chemistry, and electronics, normally obtained from at least 2 years of postsecondary education. Excludes “Sales Engineers” (41-9031).
National estimates for Sales Representatives, Wholesale and Manufacturing, Technical and Scientific Products
Industry profile for Sales Representatives, Wholesale and Manufacturing, Technical and Scientific Products
Geographic profile for Sales Representatives, Wholesale and Manufacturing, Technical and Scientific Products
National estimates for Sales Representatives, Wholesale and Manufacturing, Technical and Scientific Products:
Employment estimate and mean wage estimates for Sales Representatives, Wholesale and Manufacturing, Technical and Scientific Products:
| Employment (1) |
Employment
RSE (3) |
Mean hourly
wage |
Mean annual
wage (2) |
Wage RSE (3) |
| 311,780 |
1.5 % |
$ 54.58 |
$ 113,520 |
1.0 % |
Percentile wage estimates for Sales Representatives, Wholesale and Manufacturing, Technical and Scientific Products:
| Percentile |
10% |
25% |
50%
(Median) |
75% |
90% |
| Hourly Wage |
$ 23.14 |
$ 31.11 |
$ 47.94 |
$ 68.85 |
$ 93.01 |
| Annual Wage (2) |
$ 48,140 |
$ 64,700 |
$ 99,710 |
$ 143,220 |
$ 193,470 |
Industry profile for Sales Representatives, Wholesale and Manufacturing, Technical and Scientific Products:
Industries with the highest published employment and wages for Sales Representatives, Wholesale and Manufacturing, Technical and Scientific Products are provided.
For a list of all industries with employment in Sales Representatives, Wholesale and Manufacturing, Technical and Scientific Products, see the Create Customized Tables function.
Industries with the highest levels of employment in Sales Representatives, Wholesale and Manufacturing, Technical and Scientific Products:
| Industry |
Employment (1) |
Percent of industry employment |
Hourly mean wage |
Annual mean wage (2) |
| Professional and Commercial Equipment and Supplies Merchant Wholesalers |
83,720 |
11.38 |
$ 52.49 |
$ 109,180 |
| Merchant Wholesalers, Nondurable Goods (4242 and 4246 only) |
41,680 |
10.57 |
$ 61.55 |
$ 128,010 |
| Software Publishers |
26,380 |
4.03 |
$ 58.18 |
$ 121,020 |
| Computer Systems Design and Related Services |
25,500 |
1.01 |
$ 54.86 |
$ 114,110 |
| Wholesale Trade Agents and Brokers |
18,720 |
3.73 |
$ 54.64 |
$ 113,650 |
Industries with the highest concentration of employment in Sales Representatives, Wholesale and Manufacturing, Technical and Scientific Products:
| Industry |
Employment (1) |
Percent of industry employment |
Hourly mean wage |
Annual mean wage (2) |
| Professional and Commercial Equipment and Supplies Merchant Wholesalers |
83,720 |
11.38 |
$ 52.49 |
$ 109,180 |
| Merchant Wholesalers, Nondurable Goods (4242 and 4246 only) |
41,680 |
10.57 |
$ 61.55 |
$ 128,010 |
| Audio and Video Equipment Manufacturing |
1,120 |
5.81 |
$ 76.82 |
$ 159,780 |
| Software Publishers |
26,380 |
4.03 |
$ 58.18 |
$ 121,020 |
| Wholesale Trade Agents and Brokers |
18,720 |
3.73 |
$ 54.64 |
$ 113,650 |
Top paying industries for Sales Representatives, Wholesale and Manufacturing, Technical and Scientific Products:
| Industry |
Employment (1) |
Percent of industry employment |
Hourly mean wage |
Annual mean wage (2) |
| Web Search Portals, Libraries, Archives, and Other Information Services |
2,930 |
1.59 |
$ 107.06 |
$ 222,680 |
| Alumina and Aluminum Production and Processing |
60 |
0.09 |
$ 77.18 |
$ 160,540 |
| Audio and Video Equipment Manufacturing |
1,120 |
5.81 |
$ 76.82 |
$ 159,780 |
| Coating, Engraving, Heat Treating, and Allied Activities |
60 |
0.05 |
$ 74.33 |
$ 154,610 |
| Scientific Research and Development Services |
7,330 |
0.79 |
$ 71.12 |
$ 147,940 |
Geographic profile for Sales Representatives, Wholesale and Manufacturing, Technical and Scientific Products:
States and areas with the highest published employment, location quotients, and wages for Sales Representatives, Wholesale and Manufacturing, Technical and Scientific Products are provided.
For a list of all areas with employment in Sales Representatives, Wholesale and Manufacturing, Technical and Scientific Products, see the Create Customized Tables function.
States with the highest employment level in Sales Representatives, Wholesale and Manufacturing, Technical and Scientific Products:
| State |
Employment (1) |
Employment per thousand jobs |
Location quotient (9) |
Hourly mean wage |
Annual mean wage (2) |
| Texas |
54,660 |
4.03 |
1.96 |
$ 49.81 |
$ 103,600 |
| California |
36,010 |
2.01 |
0.98 |
$ 64.97 |
$ 135,140 |
| Florida |
20,640 |
2.16 |
1.05 |
$ 54.09 |
$ 112,500 |
| Washington |
14,530 |
4.16 |
2.02 |
$ 68.65 |
$ 142,790 |
| North Carolina |
13,590 |
2.83 |
1.38 |
$ 57.62 |
$ 119,860 |
States with the highest concentration of jobs and location quotients in Sales Representatives, Wholesale and Manufacturing, Technical and Scientific Products:
| State |
Employment (1) |
Employment per thousand jobs |
Location quotient (9) |
Hourly mean wage |
Annual mean wage (2) |
| Washington |
14,530 |
4.16 |
2.02 |
$ 68.65 |
$ 142,790 |
| Texas |
54,660 |
4.03 |
1.96 |
$ 49.81 |
$ 103,600 |
| New Hampshire |
2,670 |
3.95 |
1.92 |
$ 45.29 |
$ 94,200 |
| Oklahoma |
5,760 |
3.46 |
1.68 |
$ 39.13 |
$ 81,400 |
| South Dakota |
1,490 |
3.36 |
1.64 |
$ 61.11 |
$ 127,110 |
Top paying states for Sales Representatives, Wholesale and Manufacturing, Technical and Scientific Products:
| State |
Employment (1) |
Employment per thousand jobs |
Location quotient (9) |
Hourly mean wage |
Annual mean wage (2) |
| New Jersey |
5,490 |
1.31 |
0.64 |
$ 75.26 |
$ 156,540 |
| Washington |
14,530 |
4.16 |
2.02 |
$ 68.65 |
$ 142,790 |
| Michigan |
7,920 |
1.82 |
0.89 |
$ 67.98 |
$ 141,410 |
| West Virginia |
490 |
0.71 |
0.34 |
$ 66.12 |
$ 137,530 |
| California |
36,010 |
2.01 |
0.98 |
$ 64.97 |
$ 135,140 |
Metropolitan areas with the highest employment level in Sales Representatives, Wholesale and Manufacturing, Technical and Scientific Products:
| Metropolitan area |
Employment (1) |
Employment per thousand jobs |
Location quotient (9) |
Hourly mean wage |
Annual mean wage (2) |
| Dallas-Fort Worth-Arlington, TX |
18,810 |
4.74 |
2.31 |
$ 48.75 |
$ 101,400 |
| Seattle-Tacoma-Bellevue, WA |
11,960 |
5.75 |
2.80 |
$ 70.34 |
$ 146,310 |
| Austin-Round Rock, TX |
10,650 |
8.62 |
4.20 |
$ 44.98 |
$ 93,560 |
| New York-Newark-Jersey City, NY-NJ-PA |
9,310 |
0.98 |
0.48 |
$ 66.66 |
$ 138,650 |
| Houston-The Woodlands-Sugar Land, TX |
9,290 |
2.92 |
1.42 |
$ 52.54 |
$ 109,280 |
| Los Angeles-Long Beach-Anaheim, CA |
9,100 |
1.47 |
0.72 |
$ 54.77 |
$ 113,920 |
| Boston-Cambridge-Nashua, MA-NH |
8,730 |
3.16 |
1.54 |
$ 54.67 |
$ 113,710 |
| Atlanta-Sandy Springs-Roswell, GA |
8,200 |
2.91 |
1.42 |
$ 51.65 |
$ 107,430 |
| Phoenix-Mesa-Scottsdale, AZ |
6,480 |
2.83 |
1.38 |
$ 52.37 |
$ 108,930 |
| Chicago-Naperville-Elgin, IL-IN-WI |
6,190 |
1.37 |
0.67 |
$ 58.58 |
$ 121,840 |
Metropolitan areas with the highest concentration of jobs and location quotients in Sales Representatives, Wholesale and Manufacturing, Technical and Scientific Products:
| Metropolitan area |
Employment (1) |
Employment per thousand jobs |
Location quotient (9) |
Hourly mean wage |
Annual mean wage (2) |
| Austin-Round Rock, TX |
10,650 |
8.62 |
4.20 |
$ 44.98 |
$ 93,560 |
| Durham-Chapel Hill, NC |
2,210 |
6.58 |
3.20 |
$ 58.22 |
$ 121,090 |
| Seattle-Tacoma-Bellevue, WA |
11,960 |
5.75 |
2.80 |
$ 70.34 |
$ 146,310 |
| Raleigh, NC |
3,870 |
5.51 |
2.68 |
$ 57.74 |
$ 120,100 |
| San Jose-Sunnyvale-Santa Clara, CA |
5,880 |
5.15 |
2.51 |
$ 81.61 |
$ 169,750 |
| Dallas-Fort Worth-Arlington, TX |
18,810 |
4.74 |
2.31 |
$ 48.75 |
$ 101,400 |
| Bloomington, IN |
300 |
4.17 |
2.03 |
$ 44.56 |
$ 92,680 |
| Tulsa, OK |
1,780 |
4.03 |
1.96 |
$ 40.72 |
$ 84,700 |
| Albany, GA |
210 |
3.49 |
1.70 |
$ 56.31 |
$ 117,120 |
| Oklahoma City, OK |
2,240 |
3.42 |
1.66 |
$ 39.39 |
$ 81,940 |
Top paying metropolitan areas for Sales Representatives, Wholesale and Manufacturing, Technical and Scientific Products:
| Metropolitan area |
Employment (1) |
Employment per thousand jobs |
Location quotient (9) |
Hourly mean wage |
Annual mean wage (2) |
| Ann Arbor, MI |
640 |
2.98 |
1.45 |
$ 116.98 |
$ 243,320 |
| Trenton, NJ |
200 |
0.83 |
0.40 |
$ 96.17 |
$ 200,040 |
| San Jose-Sunnyvale-Santa Clara, CA |
5,880 |
5.15 |
2.51 |
$ 81.61 |
$ 169,750 |
| Vineland-Bridgeton, NJ |
30 |
0.49 |
0.24 |
$ 71.01 |
$ 147,690 |
| Seattle-Tacoma-Bellevue, WA |
11,960 |
5.75 |
2.80 |
$ 70.34 |
$ 146,310 |
| Charleston, WV |
100 |
0.98 |
0.48 |
$ 70.27 |
$ 146,160 |
| San Francisco-Oakland-Hayward, CA |
5,220 |
2.16 |
1.05 |
$ 69.31 |
$ 144,170 |
| Boulder, CO |
460 |
2.36 |
1.15 |
$ 68.73 |
$ 142,950 |
| Sioux Falls, SD |
540 |
3.28 |
1.60 |
$ 67.66 |
$ 140,740 |
| New York-Newark-Jersey City, NY-NJ-PA |
9,310 |
0.98 |
0.48 |
$ 66.66 |
$ 138,650 |
Nonmetropolitan areas with the highest employment in Sales Representatives, Wholesale and Manufacturing, Technical and Scientific Products:
Nonmetropolitan areas with the highest concentration of jobs and location quotients in Sales Representatives, Wholesale and Manufacturing, Technical and Scientific Products:
Top paying nonmetropolitan areas for Sales Representatives, Wholesale and Manufacturing, Technical and Scientific Products:
About May 2023 National, State, Metropolitan, and Nonmetropolitan Area Occupational Employment and Wage Estimates
These estimates are calculated with data collected from employers in all industry sectors, all metropolitan and nonmetropolitan areas, and all states and the District of Columbia.
The top employment and wage figures are provided above. The complete list is available in the downloadable XLS files.
The percentile wage estimate is the value of a wage below which a certain percent of workers fall.
The median wage is the 50th percentile wage estimate—50 percent of workers earn less than the median and 50 percent of workers earn more than the median.
More about percentile wages.
(1) Estimates for detailed occupations do not sum to the totals because the totals include occupations not shown separately. Estimates do not include self-employed workers.
(2) Annual wages have been calculated by multiplying the hourly mean wage by a "year-round, full-time" hours figure of 2,080 hours;
for those occupations where there is not an hourly wage published, the annual wage has been directly calculated from the reported survey data.
(3) The relative standard error (RSE) is a measure of the reliability of a survey statistic. The smaller the relative standard error, the more precise the estimate.
(9) The location quotient is the ratio of the area concentration of occupational employment to the national average concentration.
A location quotient greater than one indicates the occupation has a higher share of employment than average, and a location quotient less than one indicates the occupation is less prevalent in the area than average.
Other OEWS estimates and related information:
May 2023 National Occupational Employment and Wage Estimates
May 2023 State Occupational Employment and Wage Estimates
May 2023 Metropolitan and Nonmetropolitan Area Occupational Employment and Wage Estimates
May 2023 National Industry-Specific Occupational Employment and Wage Estimates
May 2023 Occupation Profiles
Technical Notes
Last Modified Date: April 3, 2024
United States Department of Labor
