An official website of the United States government
Work with agricultural and food scientists in food, fiber, and animal research, production, and processing; and assist with animal breeding and nutrition. Conduct tests and experiments to improve yield and quality of crops or to increase the resistance of plants and animals to disease or insects. Includes technicians who assist food scientists or technologists in the research and development of production technology, quality control, packaging, processing, and use of foods.
Employment estimate and mean wage estimates for this occupation:
| Employment (1) | Employment RSE (3) |
Mean hourly wage |
Mean annual wage (2) |
Wage RSE (3) |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 20,420 | 3.0 % | $19.46 | $40,470 | 1.2 % |
Percentile wage estimates for this occupation:
| Percentile | 10% | 25% | 50% (Median) |
75% | 90% |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Hourly Wage | $11.51 | $14.28 | $18.05 | $23.07 | $29.54 |
| Annual Wage (2) | $23,930 | $29,700 | $37,550 | $47,980 | $61,450 |
Industries with the highest published employment and wages for this occupation are provided. For a list of all industries with employment in this occupation, see the Create Customized Tables function.
Industries with the highest levels of employment in this occupation:
| Industry | Employment (1) | Percent of industry employment | Hourly mean wage | Annual mean wage (2) |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Colleges, Universities, and Professional Schools | 5,200 | 0.17 | $19.25 | $40,040 |
| Scientific Research and Development Services | 2,110 | 0.31 | $21.00 | $43,670 |
| Dairy Product Manufacturing | 1,610 | 1.15 | $19.55 | $40,660 |
| Fruit and Vegetable Preserving and Specialty Food Manufacturing | 1,200 | 0.72 | $18.15 | $37,750 |
| Animal Slaughtering and Processing | 940 | 0.19 | $16.02 | $33,310 |
Industries with the highest concentration of employment in this occupation:
| Industry | Employment (1) | Percent of industry employment | Hourly mean wage | Annual mean wage (2) |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Support Activities for Animal Production | 780 | 2.58 | $16.85 | $35,060 |
| Dairy Product Manufacturing | 1,610 | 1.15 | $19.55 | $40,660 |
| Grain and Oilseed Milling | 510 | 0.86 | $19.41 | $40,380 |
| Fruit and Vegetable Preserving and Specialty Food Manufacturing | 1,200 | 0.72 | $18.15 | $37,750 |
| Animal Food Manufacturing | 370 | 0.63 | $19.43 | $40,420 |
Top paying industries for this occupation:
| Industry | Employment (1) | Percent of industry employment | Hourly mean wage | Annual mean wage (2) |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Beverage Manufacturing | 420 | 0.19 | $25.72 | $53,500 |
| Miscellaneous Nondurable Goods Merchant Wholesalers | 860 | 0.26 | $25.37 | $52,770 |
| Management of Companies and Enterprises | 740 | 0.03 | $22.95 | $47,730 |
| Business, Professional, Labor, Political, and Similar Organizations | (8) | (8) | $22.49 | $46,780 |
| Wholesale Electronic Markets and Agents and Brokers | 170 | 0.02 | $22.41 | $46,610 |
States and areas with the highest published employment, location quotients, and wages for this occupation are provided. For a list of all areas with employment in this occupation, see the Create Customized Tables function.
States with the highest employment level in this occupation:
| State | Employment (1) | Employment per thousand jobs | Location quotient (9) | Hourly mean wage | Annual mean wage (2) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| California | 2,840 | 0.18 | 1.22 | $20.40 | $42,430 |
| Texas | 1,930 | 0.16 | 1.13 | $17.14 | $35,640 |
| Iowa | 1,360 | 0.89 | 6.10 | $22.06 | $45,880 |
| Wisconsin | 1,120 | 0.40 | 2.76 | $18.62 | $38,730 |
| Minnesota | 1,020 | 0.36 | 2.51 | $20.26 | $42,140 |
States with the highest concentration of jobs and location quotients in this occupation:
| State | Employment (1) | Employment per thousand jobs | Location quotient (9) | Hourly mean wage | Annual mean wage (2) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Iowa | 1,360 | 0.89 | 6.10 | $22.06 | $45,880 |
| Idaho | 450 | 0.68 | 4.70 | $17.06 | $35,490 |
| South Dakota | 250 | 0.59 | 4.05 | $13.60 | $28,280 |
| Arkansas | 580 | 0.49 | 3.35 | $18.47 | $38,430 |
| Nebraska | 460 | 0.48 | 3.29 | $20.34 | $42,300 |
Top paying States for this occupation:
| State | Employment (1) | Employment per thousand jobs | Location quotient (9) | Hourly mean wage | Annual mean wage (2) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| New Jersey | 280 | 0.07 | 0.48 | $30.43 | $63,290 |
| New Mexico | 120 | 0.15 | 1.01 | $26.14 | $54,370 |
| Massachusetts | 100 | 0.03 | 0.19 | $23.74 | $49,390 |
| Alabama | 100 | 0.05 | 0.36 | $23.16 | $48,180 |
| New York | 930 | 0.10 | 0.70 | $22.96 | $47,750 |
Metropolitan areas with the highest employment level in this occupation:
| Metropolitan area | Employment (1) | Employment per thousand jobs | Location quotient (9) | Hourly mean wage | Annual mean wage (2) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Ithaca, NY | 560 | 11.11 | 76.42 | $25.79 | $53,640 |
| College Station-Bryan, TX | 530 | 4.98 | 34.27 | $15.00 | $31,210 |
| Des Moines-West Des Moines, IA | 480 | 1.35 | 9.27 | $27.63 | $57,480 |
| Minneapolis-St. Paul-Bloomington, MN-WI | 420 | 0.22 | 1.51 | $20.87 | $43,400 |
| Los Angeles-Long Beach-Glendale, CA Metropolitan Division | 380 | 0.09 | 0.63 | $19.98 | $41,560 |
| Chicago-Naperville-Arlington Heights, IL Metropolitan Division | 330 | 0.09 | 0.63 | $19.15 | $39,840 |
| Fayetteville-Springdale-Rogers, AR-MO | 330 | 1.40 | 9.66 | $18.35 | $38,160 |
| San Jose-Sunnyvale-Santa Clara, CA | 310 | 0.29 | 2.01 | $24.96 | $51,920 |
| Portland-Vancouver-Hillsboro, OR-WA | 300 | 0.27 | 1.85 | $20.94 | $43,550 |
| Dallas-Plano-Irving, TX Metropolitan Division | 280 | 0.11 | 0.78 | $17.04 | $35,450 |
Metropolitan areas with the highest concentration of jobs and location quotients in this occupation:
| Metropolitan area | Employment (1) | Employment per thousand jobs | Location quotient (9) | Hourly mean wage | Annual mean wage (2) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Ithaca, NY | 560 | 11.11 | 76.42 | $25.79 | $53,640 |
| College Station-Bryan, TX | 530 | 4.98 | 34.27 | $15.00 | $31,210 |
| Ames, IA | 210 | 4.81 | 33.08 | $19.47 | $40,500 |
| Corvallis, OR | 70 | 2.24 | 15.41 | $23.72 | $49,340 |
| Manhattan, KS | 80 | 2.04 | 14.05 | $16.89 | $35,120 |
| Fayetteville-Springdale-Rogers, AR-MO | 330 | 1.40 | 9.66 | $18.35 | $38,160 |
| Des Moines-West Des Moines, IA | 480 | 1.35 | 9.27 | $27.63 | $57,480 |
| Lubbock, TX | 190 | 1.34 | 9.23 | $19.10 | $39,740 |
| Champaign-Urbana, IL | 120 | 1.22 | 8.39 | $24.33 | $50,620 |
| Goldsboro, NC | 40 | 1.00 | 6.84 | $14.68 | $30,540 |
Top paying metropolitan areas for this occupation:
| Metropolitan area | Employment (1) | Employment per thousand jobs | Location quotient (9) | Hourly mean wage | Annual mean wage (2) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Newark, NJ-PA Metropolitan Division | 130 | 0.11 | 0.77 | $32.60 | $67,820 |
| St. Louis, MO-IL | 170 | 0.12 | 0.86 | $27.71 | $57,630 |
| Des Moines-West Des Moines, IA | 480 | 1.35 | 9.27 | $27.63 | $57,480 |
| Ithaca, NY | 560 | 11.11 | 76.42 | $25.79 | $53,640 |
| Santa Rosa, CA | 50 | 0.26 | 1.80 | $25.06 | $52,130 |
| San Jose-Sunnyvale-Santa Clara, CA | 310 | 0.29 | 2.01 | $24.96 | $51,920 |
| Salinas, CA | 60 | 0.37 | 2.52 | $24.79 | $51,570 |
| Washington-Arlington-Alexandria, DC-VA-MD-WV Metropolitan Division | 130 | 0.05 | 0.36 | $24.67 | $51,320 |
| Champaign-Urbana, IL | 120 | 1.22 | 8.39 | $24.33 | $50,620 |
| Corvallis, OR | 70 | 2.24 | 15.41 | $23.72 | $49,340 |
Nonmetropolitan areas with the highest employment in this occupation:
| Nonmetropolitan area | Employment (1) | Employment per thousand jobs | Location quotient (9) | Hourly mean wage | Annual mean wage (2) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Southeast Iowa nonmetropolitan area | 300 | 1.29 | 8.90 | $19.63 | $40,830 |
| Southeast Minnesota nonmetropolitan area | 260 | 1.62 | 11.16 | $19.25 | $40,030 |
| Northwest Oklahoma nonmetropolitan area | 200 | 1.62 | 11.12 | $17.67 | $36,750 |
| East South Dakota nonmetropolitan area | 180 | 1.40 | 9.62 | $13.57 | $28,230 |
| Northeast Mississippi nonmetropolitan area | 180 | 0.78 | 5.39 | $17.43 | $36,250 |
Nonmetropolitan areas with the highest concentration of jobs and location quotients in this occupation:
| Nonmetropolitan area | Employment (1) | Employment per thousand jobs | Location quotient (9) | Hourly mean wage | Annual mean wage (2) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Northwest Oklahoma nonmetropolitan area | 200 | 1.62 | 11.12 | $17.67 | $36,750 |
| Southeast Minnesota nonmetropolitan area | 260 | 1.62 | 11.16 | $19.25 | $40,030 |
| South Central Idaho nonmetropolitan area | 120 | 1.57 | 10.80 | $16.40 | $34,110 |
| Eastern Oregon nonmetropolitan area | 100 | 1.47 | 10.12 | $18.92 | $39,340 |
| East South Dakota nonmetropolitan area | 180 | 1.40 | 9.62 | $13.57 | $28,230 |
Top paying nonmetropolitan areas for this occupation:
| Nonmetropolitan area | Employment (1) | Employment per thousand jobs | Location quotient (9) | Hourly mean wage | Annual mean wage (2) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| West Central Illinois nonmetropolitan area | 60 | 0.34 | 2.32 | $23.19 | $48,230 |
| Northeastern Wisconsin nonmetropolitan area | 100 | 0.51 | 3.47 | $22.73 | $47,270 |
| South Arkansas nonmetropolitan area | 50 | 0.51 | 3.50 | $21.45 | $44,610 |
| Southwest Minnesota nonmetropolitan area | 170 | 1.38 | 9.48 | $21.31 | $44,310 |
| Northeast Kansas nonmetropolitan area | 40 | 0.29 | 1.98 | $21.21 | $44,110 |
These estimates are calculated with data collected from employers in all industry sectors, all metropolitan and nonmetropolitan areas, and all states and the District of Columbia. The top employment and wage figures are provided above. The complete list is available in the downloadable XLS files.
The percentile wage estimate is the value of a wage below which a certain percent of workers fall. The median wage is the 50th percentile wage estimate--50 percent of workers earn less than the median and 50 percent of workers earn more than the median. More about percentile wages.
(1) Estimates for detailed occupations do not sum to the totals because the totals include occupations not shown separately. Estimates do not include self-employed workers.
(2) Annual wages have been calculated by multiplying the hourly mean wage by a "year-round, full-time" hours figure of 2,080 hours; for those occupations where there is not an hourly wage published, the annual wage has been directly calculated from the reported survey data.
(3) The relative standard error (RSE) is a measure of the reliability of a survey statistic. The smaller the relative standard error, the more precise the estimate.
(8) Estimate not released.
(9) The location quotient is the ratio of the area concentration of occupational employment to the national average concentration. A location quotient greater than one indicates the occupation has a higher share of employment than average, and a location quotient less than one indicates the occupation is less prevalent in the area than average.
Other OES estimates and related information:
May 2016 National Occupational Employment and Wage Estimates
May 2016 State Occupational Employment and Wage Estimates
May 2016 Metropolitan and Nonmetropolitan Area Occupational Employment and Wage Estimates
May 2016 National Industry-Specific Occupational Employment and Wage Estimates
Last Modified Date: March 31, 2017