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Maintain order and protect life and property by enforcing local, tribal, State, or Federal laws and ordinances. Perform a combination of the following duties: patrol a specific area; direct traffic; issue traffic summonses; investigate accidents; apprehend and arrest suspects, or serve legal processes of courts.
Employment estimate and mean wage estimates for this occupation:
| Employment (1) | Employment RSE (3) |
Mean hourly wage |
Mean annual wage (2) |
Wage RSE (3) |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 657,690 | 0.6 % | $30.17 | $62,760 | 0.9 % |
Percentile wage estimates for this occupation:
| Percentile | 10% | 25% | 50% (Median) |
75% | 90% |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Hourly Wage | $16.46 | $21.15 | $28.69 | $37.57 | $47.36 |
| Annual Wage (2) | $34,230 | $44,000 | $59,680 | $78,140 | $98,510 |
Industries with the highest published employment and wages for this occupation are provided. For a list of all industries with employment in this occupation, see the Create Customized Tables function.
Industries with the highest levels of employment in this occupation:
| Industry | Employment (1) | Percent of industry employment | Hourly mean wage | Annual mean wage (2) |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Local Government (OES Designation) | 560,590 | 10.42 | $30.13 | $62,680 |
| State Government (OES Designation) | 60,380 | 2.76 | $33.27 | $69,190 |
| Colleges, Universities, and Professional Schools | 14,440 | 0.48 | $25.44 | $52,920 |
| Federal Executive Branch (OES Designation) | 12,060 | 0.60 | $26.43 | $54,980 |
| Elementary and Secondary Schools | 4,500 | 0.05 | $24.65 | $51,260 |
Industries with the highest concentration of employment in this occupation:
| Industry | Employment (1) | Percent of industry employment | Hourly mean wage | Annual mean wage (2) |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Local Government (OES Designation) | 560,590 | 10.42 | $30.13 | $62,680 |
| State Government (OES Designation) | 60,380 | 2.76 | $33.27 | $69,190 |
| Federal Executive Branch (OES Designation) | 12,060 | 0.60 | $26.43 | $54,980 |
| Colleges, Universities, and Professional Schools | 14,440 | 0.48 | $25.44 | $52,920 |
| Junior Colleges | 3,620 | 0.48 | $24.77 | $51,520 |
Top paying industries for this occupation:
| Industry | Employment (1) | Percent of industry employment | Hourly mean wage | Annual mean wage (2) |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| State Government (OES Designation) | 60,380 | 2.76 | $33.27 | $69,190 |
| Local Government (OES Designation) | 560,590 | 10.42 | $30.13 | $62,680 |
| Postal Service | 470 | 0.07 | $27.19 | $56,560 |
| Federal Executive Branch (OES Designation) | 12,060 | 0.60 | $26.43 | $54,980 |
| General Medical and Surgical Hospitals | 1,210 | 0.02 | $25.73 | $53,510 |
States and areas with the highest published employment, location quotients, and wages for this occupation are provided. For a list of all areas with employment in this occupation, see the Create Customized Tables function.
States with the highest employment level in this occupation:
| State | Employment (1) | Employment per thousand jobs | Location quotient (9) | Hourly mean wage | Annual mean wage (2) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| California | 70,790 | 4.43 | 0.95 | $46.47 | $96,660 |
| Texas | 62,580 | 5.33 | 1.14 | $29.02 | $60,350 |
| New York | 47,870 | 5.26 | 1.12 | $34.13 | $70,990 |
| Florida | 39,020 | 4.75 | 1.01 | $27.48 | $57,160 |
| Illinois | 32,780 | 5.55 | 1.19 | $34.06 | $70,850 |
States with the highest concentration of jobs and location quotients in this occupation:
| State | Employment (1) | Employment per thousand jobs | Location quotient (9) | Hourly mean wage | Annual mean wage (2) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| District of Columbia | 5,250 | 7.47 | 1.59 | $35.22 | $73,250 |
| Mississippi | 7,450 | 6.67 | 1.42 | $16.61 | $34,550 |
| South Carolina | 11,600 | 5.86 | 1.25 | $20.28 | $42,180 |
| Georgia | 24,360 | 5.78 | 1.23 | $19.60 | $40,770 |
| Illinois | 32,780 | 5.55 | 1.19 | $34.06 | $70,850 |
Top paying States for this occupation:
| State | Employment (1) | Employment per thousand jobs | Location quotient (9) | Hourly mean wage | Annual mean wage (2) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| California | 70,790 | 4.43 | 0.95 | $46.47 | $96,660 |
| New Jersey | 21,390 | 5.41 | 1.15 | $42.06 | $87,490 |
| Alaska | 1,110 | 3.43 | 0.73 | $38.23 | $79,510 |
| Washington | 9,210 | 3.00 | 0.64 | $36.70 | $76,340 |
| District of Columbia | 5,250 | 7.47 | 1.59 | $35.22 | $73,250 |
Metropolitan areas with the highest employment level in this occupation:
| Metropolitan area | Employment (1) | Employment per thousand jobs | Location quotient (9) | Hourly mean wage | Annual mean wage (2) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| New York-Jersey City-White Plains, NY-NJ Metropolitan Division | 39,680 | 6.02 | 1.29 | $35.66 | $74,170 |
| Los Angeles-Long Beach-Glendale, CA Metropolitan Division | 25,460 | 6.03 | 1.29 | $48.05 | $99,940 |
| Chicago-Naperville-Arlington Heights, IL Metropolitan Division | 21,580 | 5.93 | 1.27 | $37.31 | $77,590 |
| Houston-The Woodlands-Sugar Land, TX | 16,110 | 5.49 | 1.17 | $30.28 | $62,980 |
| Washington-Arlington-Alexandria, DC-VA-MD-WV Metropolitan Division | 14,000 | 5.62 | 1.20 | $33.38 | $69,440 |
| Atlanta-Sandy Springs-Roswell, GA | 12,840 | 5.03 | 1.07 | $21.47 | $44,670 |
| Dallas-Plano-Irving, TX Metropolitan Division | 10,390 | 4.28 | 0.91 | $31.38 | $65,280 |
| Boston-Cambridge-Newton, MA NECTA Division | 8,380 | 4.65 | 0.99 | $34.39 | $71,540 |
| Phoenix-Mesa-Scottsdale, AZ | 7,530 | 3.89 | 0.83 | $31.76 | $66,070 |
| Baltimore-Columbia-Towson, MD | 6,850 | 5.10 | 1.09 | $30.72 | $63,900 |
Metropolitan areas with the highest concentration of jobs and location quotients in this occupation:
| Metropolitan area | Employment (1) | Employment per thousand jobs | Location quotient (9) | Hourly mean wage | Annual mean wage (2) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Rome, GA | 410 | 11.19 | 2.39 | $17.18 | $35,730 |
| Hinesville, GA | 180 | 10.89 | 2.33 | $20.16 | $41,940 |
| Danville, IL | 250 | 9.53 | 2.03 | $23.78 | $49,460 |
| Ocean City, NJ | 340 | 8.86 | 1.89 | $33.86 | $70,420 |
| Laredo, TX | 860 | 8.83 | 1.89 | $30.27 | $62,960 |
| Wheeling, WV-OH | 550 | 8.76 | 1.87 | $21.71 | $45,160 |
| Albany, GA | 490 | 8.48 | 1.81 | $16.92 | $35,200 |
| San Angelo, TX | 390 | 8.26 | 1.76 | $25.48 | $52,990 |
| Jacksonville, NC | 370 | 8.25 | 1.76 | $20.76 | $43,170 |
| Morristown, TN | 350 | 8.24 | 1.76 | $15.75 | $32,760 |
Top paying metropolitan areas for this occupation:
| Metropolitan area | Employment (1) | Employment per thousand jobs | Location quotient (9) | Hourly mean wage | Annual mean wage (2) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| San Jose-Sunnyvale-Santa Clara, CA | 3,950 | 3.78 | 0.81 | $56.65 | $117,840 |
| Napa, CA | 160 | 2.27 | 0.49 | $54.56 | $113,480 |
| San Francisco-Redwood City-South San Francisco, CA Metropolitan Division | 4,460 | 4.18 | 0.89 | $52.91 | $110,050 |
| Santa Rosa, CA | 590 | 3.06 | 0.65 | $51.03 | $106,130 |
| Oxnard-Thousand Oaks-Ventura, CA | 1,320 | 4.41 | 0.94 | $50.55 | $105,130 |
| Santa Cruz-Watsonville, CA | 440 | 4.72 | 1.01 | $49.72 | $103,410 |
| Oakland-Hayward-Berkeley, CA Metropolitan Division | 4,690 | 4.32 | 0.92 | $48.97 | $101,860 |
| Nassau County-Suffolk County, NY Metropolitan Division | 4,970 | 3.86 | 0.82 | $48.30 | $100,470 |
| Anaheim-Santa Ana-Irvine, CA Metropolitan Division | 3,910 | 2.50 | 0.53 | $48.29 | $100,440 |
| Los Angeles-Long Beach-Glendale, CA Metropolitan Division | 25,460 | 6.03 | 1.29 | $48.05 | $99,940 |
Nonmetropolitan areas with the highest employment in this occupation:
| Nonmetropolitan area | Employment (1) | Employment per thousand jobs | Location quotient (9) | Hourly mean wage | Annual mean wage (2) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| North Northeastern Ohio non-metropolitan area (non-contiguous) | 1,890 | 5.72 | 1.22 | $22.39 | $46,580 |
| North Texas nonmetropolitan area | 1,650 | 6.18 | 1.32 | $21.04 | $43,770 |
| Southeast Coastal North Carolina nonmetropolitan area | 1,610 | 6.50 | 1.39 | $18.61 | $38,720 |
| South Georgia nonmetropolitan area | 1,590 | 8.55 | 1.83 | $15.67 | $32,600 |
| West Texas nonmetropolitan area | 1,570 | 8.07 | 1.72 | $22.41 | $46,600 |
Nonmetropolitan areas with the highest concentration of jobs and location quotients in this occupation:
| Nonmetropolitan area | Employment (1) | Employment per thousand jobs | Location quotient (9) | Hourly mean wage | Annual mean wage (2) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Pee Dee South Carolina nonmetropolitan area | 430 | 9.51 | 2.03 | $16.48 | $34,280 |
| Northeast Florida nonmetropolitan area | 820 | 9.26 | 1.98 | $18.59 | $38,660 |
| Eastern Sierra Region of California nonmetropolitan area | 120 | 8.99 | 1.92 | $38.72 | $80,540 |
| South Florida nonmetropolitan area | 680 | 8.91 | 1.90 | $23.44 | $48,760 |
| Border Region of Texas nonmetropolitan area | 510 | 8.86 | 1.89 | $22.19 | $46,160 |
Top paying nonmetropolitan areas for this occupation:
| Nonmetropolitan area | Employment (1) | Employment per thousand jobs | Location quotient (9) | Hourly mean wage | Annual mean wage (2) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| North Coast Region of California nonmetropolitan area | 550 | 5.66 | 1.21 | $41.85 | $87,050 |
| Northern Mountains Region of California nonmetropolitan area | 470 | 7.51 | 1.60 | $41.31 | $85,930 |
| Mother Lode Region of California nonmetropolitan area | 300 | 7.58 | 1.62 | $39.71 | $82,590 |
| Balance of Alaska nonmetropolitan area | 290 | 3.90 | 0.83 | $39.47 | $82,090 |
| Eastern Sierra Region of California nonmetropolitan area | 120 | 8.99 | 1.92 | $38.72 | $80,540 |
These estimates are calculated with data collected from employers in all industry sectors, all metropolitan and nonmetropolitan areas, and all states and the District of Columbia. The top employment and wage figures are provided above. The complete list is available in the downloadable XLS files.
The percentile wage estimate is the value of a wage below which a certain percent of workers fall. The median wage is the 50th percentile wage estimate--50 percent of workers earn less than the median and 50 percent of workers earn more than the median. More about percentile wages.
(1) Estimates for detailed occupations do not sum to the totals because the totals include occupations not shown separately. Estimates do not include self-employed workers.
(2) Annual wages have been calculated by multiplying the hourly mean wage by a "year-round, full-time" hours figure of 2,080 hours; for those occupations where there is not an hourly wage published, the annual wage has been directly calculated from the reported survey data.
(3) The relative standard error (RSE) is a measure of the reliability of a survey statistic. The smaller the relative standard error, the more precise the estimate.
(9) The location quotient is the ratio of the area concentration of occupational employment to the national average concentration. A location quotient greater than one indicates the occupation has a higher share of employment than average, and a location quotient less than one indicates the occupation is less prevalent in the area than average.
Other OES estimates and related information:
May 2016 National Occupational Employment and Wage Estimates
May 2016 State Occupational Employment and Wage Estimates
May 2016 Metropolitan and Nonmetropolitan Area Occupational Employment and Wage Estimates
May 2016 National Industry-Specific Occupational Employment and Wage Estimates
Last Modified Date: March 31, 2017