Occupational Employment and Wage Statistics
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Occupational Employment and Wages, May 2023
35-9099 Food Preparation and Serving Related Workers, All Other
All food preparation and serving related workers not listed separately.
National estimates for Food Preparation and Serving Related Workers, All Other
Industry profile for Food Preparation and Serving Related Workers, All Other
Geographic profile for Food Preparation and Serving Related Workers, All Other
National estimates for Food Preparation and Serving Related Workers, All Other:
Employment estimate and mean wage estimates for Food Preparation and Serving Related Workers, All Other:
| Employment (1) |
Employment
RSE (3) |
Mean hourly
wage |
Mean annual
wage (2) |
Wage RSE (3) |
| 86,350 |
3.8 % |
$ 17.03 |
$ 35,430 |
1.3 % |
Percentile wage estimates for Food Preparation and Serving Related Workers, All Other:
| Percentile |
10% |
25% |
50%
(Median) |
75% |
90% |
| Hourly Wage |
$ 11.66 |
$ 14.16 |
$ 16.29 |
$ 18.21 |
$ 21.91 |
| Annual Wage (2) |
$ 24,260 |
$ 29,460 |
$ 33,870 |
$ 37,880 |
$ 45,570 |
Industry profile for Food Preparation and Serving Related Workers, All Other:
Industries with the highest published employment and wages for Food Preparation and Serving Related Workers, All Other are provided.
For a list of all industries with employment in Food Preparation and Serving Related Workers, All Other, see the Create Customized Tables function.
Industries with the highest levels of employment in Food Preparation and Serving Related Workers, All Other:
| Industry |
Employment (1) |
Percent of industry employment |
Hourly mean wage |
Annual mean wage (2) |
| Restaurants and Other Eating Places |
52,850 |
0.49 |
$ 16.93 |
$ 35,220 |
| Special Food Services |
8,590 |
1.19 |
$ 17.12 |
$ 35,610 |
| Traveler Accommodation |
4,780 |
0.26 |
$ 18.00 |
$ 37,430 |
| Elementary and Secondary Schools |
3,630 |
0.04 |
$ 17.17 |
$ 35,710 |
| General Medical and Surgical Hospitals |
1,590 |
0.03 |
$ 18.29 |
$ 38,040 |
Industries with the highest concentration of employment in Food Preparation and Serving Related Workers, All Other:
Top paying industries for Food Preparation and Serving Related Workers, All Other:
| Industry |
Employment (1) |
Percent of industry employment |
Hourly mean wage |
Annual mean wage (2) |
| Colleges, Universities, and Professional Schools |
590 |
0.02 |
$ 22.83 |
$ 47,490 |
| Business, Professional, Labor, Political, and Similar Organizations |
80 |
0.02 |
$ 20.60 |
$ 42,850 |
| Psychiatric and Substance Abuse Hospitals |
190 |
0.08 |
$ 20.16 |
$ 41,940 |
| Real Estate |
460 |
0.03 |
$ 19.11 |
$ 39,760 |
| Specialty (except Psychiatric and Substance Abuse) Hospitals |
40 |
0.01 |
$ 18.96 |
$ 39,440 |
Geographic profile for Food Preparation and Serving Related Workers, All Other:
States and areas with the highest published employment, location quotients, and wages for Food Preparation and Serving Related Workers, All Other are provided.
For a list of all areas with employment in Food Preparation and Serving Related Workers, All Other, see the Create Customized Tables function.
States with the highest employment level in Food Preparation and Serving Related Workers, All Other:
| State |
Employment (1) |
Employment per thousand jobs |
Location quotient (9) |
Hourly mean wage |
Annual mean wage (2) |
| California |
30,240 |
1.69 |
2.96 |
$ 19.36 |
$ 40,280 |
| Texas |
8,010 |
0.59 |
1.04 |
$ 13.48 |
$ 28,040 |
| New Jersey |
6,460 |
1.54 |
2.70 |
$ 16.77 |
$ 34,890 |
| Louisiana |
4,500 |
2.43 |
4.28 |
$ 13.32 |
$ 27,700 |
| Maryland |
4,470 |
1.67 |
2.94 |
$ 17.41 |
$ 36,220 |
States with the highest concentration of jobs and location quotients in Food Preparation and Serving Related Workers, All Other:
| State |
Employment (1) |
Employment per thousand jobs |
Location quotient (9) |
Hourly mean wage |
Annual mean wage (2) |
| Louisiana |
4,500 |
2.43 |
4.28 |
$ 13.32 |
$ 27,700 |
| California |
30,240 |
1.69 |
2.96 |
$ 19.36 |
$ 40,280 |
| Maryland |
4,470 |
1.67 |
2.94 |
$ 17.41 |
$ 36,220 |
| New Jersey |
6,460 |
1.54 |
2.70 |
$ 16.77 |
$ 34,890 |
| Vermont |
340 |
1.14 |
2.00 |
$ 17.26 |
$ 35,890 |
Top paying states for Food Preparation and Serving Related Workers, All Other:
Metropolitan areas with the highest employment level in Food Preparation and Serving Related Workers, All Other:
| Metropolitan area |
Employment (1) |
Employment per thousand jobs |
Location quotient (9) |
Hourly mean wage |
Annual mean wage (2) |
| Los Angeles-Long Beach-Anaheim, CA |
9,920 |
1.60 |
2.82 |
$ 19.99 |
$ 41,570 |
| New York-Newark-Jersey City, NY-NJ-PA |
4,410 |
0.46 |
0.82 |
$ 17.42 |
$ 36,230 |
| Riverside-San Bernardino-Ontario, CA |
3,790 |
2.28 |
4.01 |
$ 18.60 |
$ 38,690 |
| San Diego-Carlsbad, CA |
3,680 |
2.42 |
4.25 |
$ 18.56 |
$ 38,610 |
| Chicago-Naperville-Elgin, IL-IN-WI |
3,540 |
0.79 |
1.38 |
$ 18.66 |
$ 38,820 |
| San Francisco-Oakland-Hayward, CA |
3,270 |
1.35 |
2.38 |
$ 19.75 |
$ 41,090 |
| Dallas-Fort Worth-Arlington, TX |
3,100 |
0.78 |
1.38 |
$ 15.12 |
$ 31,460 |
| Baltimore-Columbia-Towson, MD |
2,070 |
1.59 |
2.79 |
$ 17.02 |
$ 35,390 |
| San Jose-Sunnyvale-Santa Clara, CA |
1,880 |
1.65 |
2.90 |
$ 21.45 |
$ 44,610 |
| Washington-Arlington-Alexandria, DC-VA-MD-WV |
1,870 |
0.60 |
1.06 |
$ 18.02 |
$ 37,480 |
Metropolitan areas with the highest concentration of jobs and location quotients in Food Preparation and Serving Related Workers, All Other:
| Metropolitan area |
Employment (1) |
Employment per thousand jobs |
Location quotient (9) |
Hourly mean wage |
Annual mean wage (2) |
| Atlantic City-Hammonton, NJ |
760 |
6.07 |
10.67 |
$ 17.80 |
$ 37,020 |
| Hammond, LA |
280 |
5.96 |
10.48 |
$ 13.50 |
$ 28,080 |
| Napa, CA |
350 |
4.55 |
8.01 |
$ 20.07 |
$ 41,750 |
| New Orleans-Metairie, LA |
1,490 |
2.89 |
5.09 |
$ 14.51 |
$ 30,180 |
| Baton Rouge, LA |
1,030 |
2.66 |
4.68 |
$ 13.15 |
$ 27,340 |
| Ocean City, NJ |
100 |
2.50 |
4.39 |
$ 16.26 |
$ 33,820 |
| Santa Rosa, CA |
500 |
2.43 |
4.27 |
$ 20.12 |
$ 41,850 |
| San Diego-Carlsbad, CA |
3,680 |
2.42 |
4.25 |
$ 18.56 |
$ 38,610 |
| Vineland-Bridgeton, NJ |
150 |
2.39 |
4.21 |
$ 16.54 |
$ 34,390 |
| Lafayette, LA |
450 |
2.33 |
4.10 |
$ 12.13 |
$ 25,240 |
Top paying metropolitan areas for Food Preparation and Serving Related Workers, All Other:
| Metropolitan area |
Employment (1) |
Employment per thousand jobs |
Location quotient (9) |
Hourly mean wage |
Annual mean wage (2) |
| San Jose-Sunnyvale-Santa Clara, CA |
1,880 |
1.65 |
2.90 |
$ 21.45 |
$ 44,610 |
| Pittsburgh, PA |
(8) |
(8) |
(8) |
$ 20.27 |
$ 42,150 |
| Boulder, CO |
190 |
0.99 |
1.74 |
$ 20.15 |
$ 41,910 |
| Santa Rosa, CA |
500 |
2.43 |
4.27 |
$ 20.12 |
$ 41,850 |
| Napa, CA |
350 |
4.55 |
8.01 |
$ 20.07 |
$ 41,750 |
| Los Angeles-Long Beach-Anaheim, CA |
9,920 |
1.60 |
2.82 |
$ 19.99 |
$ 41,570 |
| Salinas, CA |
330 |
1.84 |
3.23 |
$ 19.88 |
$ 41,350 |
| Bridgeport-Stamford-Norwalk, CT |
50 |
0.11 |
0.20 |
$ 19.86 |
$ 41,300 |
| San Francisco-Oakland-Hayward, CA |
3,270 |
1.35 |
2.38 |
$ 19.75 |
$ 41,090 |
| Vallejo-Fairfield, CA |
160 |
1.13 |
1.99 |
$ 19.39 |
$ 40,320 |
Nonmetropolitan areas with the highest employment in Food Preparation and Serving Related Workers, All Other:
Nonmetropolitan areas with the highest concentration of jobs and location quotients in Food Preparation and Serving Related Workers, All Other:
Top paying nonmetropolitan areas for Food Preparation and Serving Related Workers, All Other:
About May 2023 National, State, Metropolitan, and Nonmetropolitan Area Occupational Employment and Wage Estimates
These estimates are calculated with data collected from employers in all industry sectors, all metropolitan and nonmetropolitan areas, and all states and the District of Columbia.
The top employment and wage figures are provided above. The complete list is available in the downloadable XLS files.
The percentile wage estimate is the value of a wage below which a certain percent of workers fall.
The median wage is the 50th percentile wage estimate—50 percent of workers earn less than the median and 50 percent of workers earn more than the median.
More about percentile wages.
(1) Estimates for detailed occupations do not sum to the totals because the totals include occupations not shown separately. Estimates do not include self-employed workers.
(2) Annual wages have been calculated by multiplying the hourly mean wage by a "year-round, full-time" hours figure of 2,080 hours;
for those occupations where there is not an hourly wage published, the annual wage has been directly calculated from the reported survey data.
(3) The relative standard error (RSE) is a measure of the reliability of a survey statistic. The smaller the relative standard error, the more precise the estimate.
(8) Estimate not released.
(9) The location quotient is the ratio of the area concentration of occupational employment to the national average concentration.
A location quotient greater than one indicates the occupation has a higher share of employment than average, and a location quotient less than one indicates the occupation is less prevalent in the area than average.
Other OEWS estimates and related information:
May 2023 National Occupational Employment and Wage Estimates
May 2023 State Occupational Employment and Wage Estimates
May 2023 Metropolitan and Nonmetropolitan Area Occupational Employment and Wage Estimates
May 2023 National Industry-Specific Occupational Employment and Wage Estimates
May 2023 Occupation Profiles
Technical Notes
Last Modified Date: April 3, 2024
United States Department of Labor
