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Job gains 8.0 million, job losses 7.1 million, during first quarter 2023

November 07, 2023

From December 2022 to March 2023, gross job gains from opening and expanding private-sector establishments were 8.0 million, a decrease of 67,000 jobs from the previous quarter. Gross job losses from closing and contracting private-sector establishments were 7.1 million during the first quarter of 2023. The difference between the number of gross job gains and the number of gross job losses yielded a net employment gain of 976,000 jobs in the private sector.

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Chart Data

Gross job gains and losses, by industry, first quarter 2013 to first quarter 2023

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Gross job gains and losses, by industry, first quarter 2013 to first quarter 2023
Quarter	Gross job gains, total private	Gross job losses, total private	Gross job gains, natural resources and mining	Gross job losses, natural resources and mining	Gross job gains, construction	Gross job losses, construction	Gross job gains, manufacturing	Gross job losses, manufacturing
Q1 2013	6,941,000	6,383,000	277,000	256,000	682,000	608,000	405,000	379,000
Q2 2013	7,152,000	6,478,000	289,000	271,000	669,000	619,000	419,000	387,000
Q3 2013	7,058,000	6,551,000	264,000	269,000	672,000	591,000	410,000	400,000
Q4 2013	7,255,000	6,555,000	281,000	279,000	656,000	640,000	422,000	395,000
Q1 2014	6,953,000	6,534,000	288,000	256,000	677,000	592,000	403,000	372,000
Q2 2014	7,454,000	6,559,000	282,000	272,000	697,000	603,000	436,000	372,000
Q3 2014	7,247,000	6,670,000	287,000	254,000	669,000	585,000	412,000	390,000
Q4 2014	7,617,000	6,579,000	280,000	286,000	667,000	608,000	439,000	379,000
Q1 2015	7,046,000	6,830,000	283,000	301,000	660,000	626,000	392,000	393,000
Q2 2015	7,580,000	6,731,000	264,000	331,000	698,000	598,000	431,000	399,000
Q3 2015	7,344,000	6,869,000	248,000	290,000	657,000	602,000	397,000	413,000
Q4 2015	7,817,000	6,873,000	250,000	301,000	704,000	591,000	411,000	429,000
Q1 2016	7,163,000	6,914,000	256,000	278,000	673,000	621,000	387,000	410,000
Q2 2016	7,443,000	7,125,000	261,000	295,000	659,000	648,000	412,000	432,000
Q3 2016	7,710,000	6,962,000	250,000	258,000	673,000	617,000	403,000	423,000
Q4 2016	7,413,000	7,105,000	253,000	269,000	651,000	639,000	406,000	395,000
Q1 2017	7,434,000	6,783,000	287,000	236,000	712,000	592,000	410,000	385,000
Q2 2017	7,639,000	7,113,000	269,000	262,000	688,000	635,000	448,000	387,000
Q3 2017	7,321,000	7,360,000	256,000	244,000	627,000	658,000	397,000	418,000
Q4 2017	7,772,000	6,889,000	256,000	257,000	715,000	611,000	452,000	372,000
Q1 2018	7,494,000	6,811,000	258,000	240,000	724,000	599,000	428,000	363,000
Q2 2018	7,688,000	7,190,000	277,000	250,000	698,000	637,000	444,000	375,000
Q3 2018	7,485,000	7,399,000	241,000	251,000	654,000	653,000	421,000	406,000
Q4 2018	7,719,000	6,996,000	246,000	255,000	691,000	623,000	460,000	382,000
Q1 2019	7,460,000	6,966,000	242,000	249,000	706,000	627,000	406,000	386,000
Q2 2019	7,667,000	7,405,000	267,000	248,000	693,000	668,000	419,000	422,000
Q3 2019	7,383,000	7,323,000	228,000	244,000	651,000	643,000	375,000	437,000
Q4 2019	7,821,000	7,083,000	234,000	275,000	672,000	652,000	404,000	410,000
Q1 2020	7,031,000	7,867,000	239,000	254,000	688,000	639,000	367,000	427,000
Q2 2020	5,733,000	20,271,000	222,000	369,000	549,000	1,039,000	274,000	1,149,000
Q3 2020	10,846,000	6,843,000	220,000	240,000	690,000	660,000	579,000	468,000
Q4 2020	8,786,000	6,770,000	231,000	228,000	714,000	566,000	519,000	379,000
Q1 2021	8,324,000	6,533,000	239,000	234,000	692,000	590,000	457,000	374,000
Q2 2021	8,211,000	7,226,000	222,000	222,000	637,000	655,000	429,000	454,000
Q3 2021	8,862,000	7,399,000	220,000	201,000	644,000	639,000	485,000	415,000
Q4 2021	9,565,000	6,691,000	231,000	218,000	724,000	573,000	571,000	347,000
Q1 2022	8,553,000	6,978,000	243,000	223,000	723,000	579,000	485,000	351,000
Q2 2022	8,352,000	7,970,000	226,000	223,000	653,000	642,000	469,000	426,000
Q3 2022	8,841,000	7,500,000	234,000	180,000	655,000	626,000	494,000	428,000
Q4 2022	8,108,000	7,630,000	204,000	240,000	667,000	630,000	470,000	418,000
Q1 2023	8,041,000	7,065,000	218,000	229,000	706,000	580,000	419,000	402,000

Gross job gains and losses, by industry, first quarter 2013 to first quarter 2023 (continued)
Quarter	Gross job gains, wholesale trade	Gross job losses, wholesale trade	Gross job gains, retail trade	Gross job losses, retail trade	Gross job gains, transportation and warehousing	Gross job losses, transportation and warehousing	Gross job gains, utilities	Gross job losses, utilities
Q1 2013	278,000	253,000	907,000	882,000	217,000	229,000	10,000	12,000
Q2 2013	290,000	256,000	947,000	778,000	229,000	215,000	14,000	13,000
Q3 2013	281,000	259,000	904,000	844,000	233,000	213,000	11,000	13,000
Q4 2013	287,000	251,000	952,000	835,000	272,000	210,000	12,000	16,000
Q1 2014	276,000	254,000	874,000	894,000	243,000	236,000	14,000	13,000
Q2 2014	285,000	250,000	972,000	833,000	255,000	209,000	12,000	13,000
Q3 2014	279,000	254,000	903,000	898,000	253,000	216,000	12,000	12,000
Q4 2014	292,000	248,000	958,000	841,000	314,000	210,000	14,000	12,000
Q1 2015	265,000	261,000	911,000	887,000	243,000	263,000	13,000	13,000
Q2 2015	285,000	263,000	999,000	831,000	268,000	232,000	13,000	12,000
Q3 2015	272,000	263,000	929,000	925,000	269,000	232,000	12,000	13,000
Q4 2015	294,000	269,000	928,000	923,000	328,000	234,000	12,000	11,000
Q1 2016	262,000	269,000	964,000	871,000	247,000	280,000	10,000	10,000
Q2 2016	273,000	272,000	933,000	904,000	254,000	253,000	13,000	13,000
Q3 2016	278,000	258,000	959,000	953,000	289,000	234,000	11,000	14,000
Q4 2016	271,000	258,000	897,000	924,000	369,000	240,000	12,000	12,000
Q1 2017	270,000	251,000	937,000	898,000	261,000	309,000	11,000	10,000
Q2 2017	286,000	248,000	931,000	923,000	275,000	255,000	12,000	13,000
Q3 2017	269,000	264,000	891,000	982,000	311,000	237,000	11,000	13,000
Q4 2017	278,000	252,000	909,000	898,000	374,000	239,000	12,000	12,000
Q1 2018	273,000	250,000	936,000	871,000	272,000	318,000	12,000	11,000
Q2 2018	277,000	249,000	911,000	947,000	296,000	251,000	14,000	15,000
Q3 2018	273,000	267,000	916,000	990,000	314,000	263,000	12,000	13,000
Q4 2018	278,000	248,000	850,000	921,000	405,000	247,000	12,000	14,000
Q1 2019	265,000	248,000	906,000	881,000	293,000	343,000	14,000	13,000
Q2 2019	270,000	261,000	877,000	964,000	322,000	266,000	14,000	14,000
Q3 2019	255,000	265,000	853,000	934,000	342,000	259,000	14,000	14,000
Q4 2019	266,000	250,000	895,000	889,000	492,000	260,000	13,000	12,000
Q1 2020	255,000	263,000	906,000	894,000	291,000	413,000	10,000	10,000
Q2 2020	204,000	603,000	918,000	2,511,000	435,000	820,000	11,000	14,000
Q3 2020	319,000	267,000	1,527,000	823,000	528,000	319,000	14,000	12,000
Q4 2020	300,000	223,000	941,000	843,000	622,000	280,000	13,000	12,000
Q1 2021	271,000	224,000	1,000,000	759,000	381,000	432,000	11,000	10,000
Q2 2021	284,000	247,000	936,000	946,000	333,000	389,000	13,000	14,000
Q3 2021	311,000	272,000	966,000	988,000	448,000	311,000	15,000	13,000
Q4 2021	357,000	225,000	934,000	827,000	688,000	238,000	18,000	14,000
Q1 2022	314,000	238,000	1,021,000	737,000	414,000	398,000	14,000	13,000
Q2 2022	314,000	275,000	853,000	1,019,000	332,000	454,000	16,000	15,000
Q3 2022	333,000	258,000	954,000	920,000	385,000	328,000	19,000	12,000
Q4 2022	293,000	253,000	804,000	903,000	473,000	332,000	18,000	14,000
Q1 2023	280,000	250,000	880,000	729,000	307,000	440,000	16,000	11,000

Gross job gains and losses, by industry, first quarter 2013 to first quarter 2023 (continued)
Quarter	Gross job gains, information	Gross job losses, information	Gross job gains, financial activities	Gross job losses, financial activities	Gross job gains, professional and business services	Gross job losses, professional and business services	Gross job gains, education and health services	Gross job losses, education and health services
Q1 2013	119,000	120,000	358,000	329,000	1,307,000	1,194,000	854,000	780,000
Q2 2013	134,000	127,000	369,000	330,000	1,371,000	1,255,000	849,000	838,000
Q3 2013	130,000	135,000	358,000	346,000	1,383,000	1,239,000	893,000	783,000
Q4 2013	137,000	123,000	369,000	355,000	1,447,000	1,255,000	887,000	777,000
Q1 2014	124,000	130,000	333,000	347,000	1,292,000	1,274,000	845,000	792,000
Q2 2014	141,000	133,000	373,000	337,000	1,442,000	1,246,000	891,000	833,000
Q3 2014	140,000	139,000	361,000	343,000	1,393,000	1,261,000	932,000	791,000
Q4 2014	147,000	136,000	382,000	342,000	1,556,000	1,275,000	929,000	779,000
Q1 2015	127,000	130,000	352,000	336,000	1,298,000	1,341,000	874,000	835,000
Q2 2015	149,000	128,000	385,000	331,000	1,441,000	1,311,000	940,000	806,000
Q3 2015	144,000	145,000	370,000	347,000	1,414,000	1,312,000	964,000	828,000
Q4 2015	164,000	139,000	394,000	351,000	1,593,000	1,311,000	1,007,000	803,000
Q1 2016	140,000	142,000	361,000	342,000	1,291,000	1,371,000	909,000	830,000
Q2 2016	156,000	139,000	386,000	355,000	1,425,000	1,352,000	964,000	879,000
Q3 2016	152,000	152,000	390,000	349,000	1,473,000	1,278,000	1,045,000	824,000
Q4 2016	143,000	148,000	381,000	354,000	1,384,000	1,363,000	965,000	912,000
Q1 2017	145,000	155,000	364,000	344,000	1,332,000	1,285,000	970,000	828,000
Q2 2017	158,000	172,000	392,000	345,000	1,453,000	1,337,000	998,000	897,000
Q3 2017	156,000	156,000	373,000	363,000	1,382,000	1,379,000	987,000	906,000
Q4 2017	148,000	146,000	384,000	371,000	1,480,000	1,320,000	983,000	867,000
Q1 2018	158,000	151,000	364,000	350,000	1,371,000	1,282,000	994,000	850,000
Q2 2018	160,000	164,000	395,000	355,000	1,478,000	1,359,000	1,017,000	928,000
Q3 2018	147,000	157,000	379,000	387,000	1,432,000	1,365,000	1,014,000	917,000
Q4 2018	145,000	148,000	392,000	377,000	1,488,000	1,361,000	1,003,000	870,000
Q1 2019	164,000	135,000	375,000	353,000	1,357,000	1,339,000	1,033,000	871,000
Q2 2019	164,000	161,000	411,000	362,000	1,499,000	1,353,000	1,023,000	973,000
Q3 2019	161,000	155,000	383,000	364,000	1,402,000	1,372,000	1,051,000	920,000
Q4 2019	155,000	160,000	405,000	364,000	1,488,000	1,385,000	1,032,000	904,000
Q1 2020	153,000	145,000	363,000	370,000	1,306,000	1,408,000	1,003,000	976,000
Q2 2020	99,000	413,000	317,000	635,000	1,153,000	2,924,000	668,000	2,398,000
Q3 2020	206,000	132,000	451,000	374,000	1,826,000	1,347,000	1,375,000	901,000
Q4 2020	174,000	142,000	430,000	372,000	1,839,000	1,198,000	1,170,000	890,000
Q1 2021	174,000	121,000	398,000	346,000	1,502,000	1,263,000	1,075,000	909,000
Q2 2021	196,000	160,000	427,000	420,000	1,564,000	1,454,000	1,027,000	998,000
Q3 2021	238,000	147,000	489,000	429,000	1,752,000	1,456,000	1,071,000	1,061,000
Q4 2021	227,000	169,000	518,000	399,000	1,954,000	1,303,000	1,234,000	983,000
Q1 2022	220,000	153,000	479,000	431,000	1,650,000	1,384,000	1,130,000	947,000
Q2 2022	211,000	183,000	487,000	460,000	1,695,000	1,592,000	1,188,000	1,081,000
Q3 2022	203,000	176,000	497,000	438,000	1,776,000	1,501,000	1,313,000	959,000
Q4 2022	166,000	190,000	451,000	473,000	1,520,000	1,601,000	1,162,000	1,012,000
Q1 2023	139,000	179,000	410,000	401,000	1,475,000	1,422,000	1,225,000	908,000

Gross job gains and losses, by industry, first quarter 2013 to first quarter 2023 (continued)
Quarter	Gross job gains, leisure and hospitality	Gross job losses, leisure and hospitality	Gross job gains, other services	Gross job losses, other services
Q1 2013	1,226,000	1,063,000	280,000	260,000
Q2 2013	1,258,000	1,107,000	289,000	266,000
Q3 2013	1,203,000	1,172,000	282,000	269,000
Q4 2013	1,213,000	1,127,000	276,000	273,000
Q1 2014	1,209,000	1,091,000	284,000	257,000
Q2 2014	1,284,000	1,160,000	301,000	271,000
Q3 2014	1,216,000	1,220,000	287,000	281,000
Q4 2014	1,250,000	1,156,000	285,000	274,000
Q1 2015	1,258,000	1,140,000	283,000	271,000
Q2 2015	1,319,000	1,191,000	302,000	268,000
Q3 2015	1,272,000	1,191,000	285,000	279,000
Q4 2015	1,337,000	1,200,000	295,000	274,000
Q1 2016	1,293,000	1,180,000	283,000	272,000
Q2 2016	1,314,000	1,263,000	302,000	284,000
Q3 2016	1,353,000	1,282,000	312,000	283,000
Q4 2016	1,302,000	1,256,000	281,000	294,000
Q1 2017	1,342,000	1,174,000	293,000	277,000
Q2 2017	1,345,000	1,317,000	310,000	285,000
Q3 2017	1,305,000	1,403,000	284,000	303,000
Q4 2017	1,394,000	1,237,000	296,000	275,000
Q1 2018	1,356,000	1,220,000	300,000	281,000
Q2 2018	1,354,000	1,354,000	319,000	286,000
Q3 2018	1,342,000	1,401,000	300,000	307,000
Q4 2018	1,404,000	1,240,000	303,000	291,000
Q1 2019	1,351,000	1,222,000	305,000	280,000
Q2 2019	1,352,000	1,403,000	314,000	292,000
Q3 2019	1,334,000	1,397,000	299,000	300,000
Q4 2019	1,407,000	1,225,000	308,000	279,000
Q1 2020	1,123,000	1,700,000	287,000	344,000
Q2 2020	655,000	6,328,000	192,000	1,037,000
Q3 2020	2,531,000	1,019,000	531,000	263,000
Q4 2020	1,450,000	1,333,000	326,000	283,000
Q1 2021	1,745,000	992,000	330,000	258,000
Q2 2021	1,745,000	986,000	336,000	258,000
Q3 2021	1,805,000	1,166,000	354,000	275,000
Q4 2021	1,662,000	1,106,000	367,000	263,000
Q1 2022	1,439,000	1,201,000	332,000	291,000
Q2 2022	1,461,000	1,264,000	342,000	302,000
Q3 2022	1,529,000	1,347,000	350,000	289,000
Q4 2022	1,459,000	1,224,000	322,000	298,000
Q1 2023	1,464,000	1,182,000	327,000	284,000

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Gross job gains exceeded gross job losses in 10 of the 13 major industries in the first quarter of 2023. In education and health services, gross job gains were at 1.2 million and gross job losses were at 908,000.

Gross job gains were at 1.5 million in both professional and business services and leisure and hospitality, while gross job losses were at 1.4 million in professional and business services, and 1.2 million in leisure and hospitality during the first quarter of 2023.

The transportation and warehousing industry gained 307,000 jobs and lost 440,000 jobs during the first quarter of 2023. Information and natural resources and mining were the other two industries where gross job gains were exceeded by gross job losses.

These data are from the Business Employment Dynamics program and are seasonally adjusted. For more information, see "Business Employment Dynamics — First Quarter 2023." Also see charts related to the latest "Business Employment Dynamics" news release.

SUGGESTED CITATION

Bureau of Labor Statistics, U.S. Department of Labor, The Economics Daily, Job gains 8.0 million, job losses 7.1 million, during first quarter 2023 at https://www.bls.gov/opub/ted/2023/job-gains-8-0-million-job-losses-7-1-million-during-first-quarter-2023.htm (visited April 29, 2024).

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