Chart Data

There is no fixed relationship between employment change and labor productivity growth

Changes in output per hour and employment, 2000–2010
NAICS code	Industry	Average annual percent change
NAICS code	Industry	Productivity	Employment
2111	Oil and gas extraction	-1.6	2.5
2121	Coal mining	-2.7	1.2
2122	Metal ore mining	0.3	-0.5
2123	Nonmetallic mineral mining and quarrying	0.6	-2.6
2131	Support activities for mining	2.2	5.5
2211	Power generation and supply	0.2	-0.9
2212	Natural gas distribution	0.8	-1.1
3111	Animal food manufacturing	3.2	-0.9
3112	Grain and oilseed milling	1.6	-1.0
3113	Sugar and confectionery products	-0.0	-2.9
3114	Fruit and vegetable preserving and specialty food	0.5	-1.3
3115	Dairy products	2.6	-0.5
3116	Animal slaughtering and processing	1.6	-0.4
3117	Seafood product preparation and packaging	1.2	-1.7
3118	Bakeries and tortilla manufacturing	-0.1	-0.9
3119	Other food products	-0.2	0.9
3121	Beverages	3.1	-0.3
3122	Tobacco and tobacco products	0.4	-6.5
3131	Fiber, yarn, and thread mills	3.3	-9.9
3132	Fabric mills	5.7	-11.2
3133	Textile and fabric finishing and fabric coating mills	1.9	-9.5
3141	Textile furnishings mills	-0.5	-7.5
3149	Other textile product mills	0.9	-4.4
3151	Apparel knitting mills	-3.6	-10.6
3152	Cut and sew apparel	-7.8	-9.7
3159	Apparel accessories and other apparel manufacturing	-4.6	-9.7
3161	Leather and hide tanning and finishing	3.7	-12.3
3162	Footwear manufacturing	1.5	-8.9
3169	Other leather and allied product manufacturing	-1.3	-5.7
3211	Sawmills and wood preservation	3.1	-5.1
3212	Veneer, plywood, and engineered wood product manufacturing	2.4	-6.2
3219	Other wood products	2.4	-5.5
3221	Pulp, paper, and paperboard mills	3.2	-5.2
3222	Converted paper products	1.8	-3.7
3231	Printing and related support activities	2.2	-4.7
3241	Petroleum and coal products	1.5	-0.8
3251	Basic chemicals	3.7	-2.8
3252	Resin, synthetic rubber, and artificial synthetic fibers and filaments	2.2	-4.0
3253	Pesticides, fertilizers, and other agricultural chemicals	5.0	-2.6
3254	Pharmaceutical and medicine manufacturing	-1.0	0.1
3255	Paint, coatings, and adhesives	1.3	-3.5
3256	Soaps, cleaning compounds, and toilet preparations	4.2	-2.1
3259	Other chemical products and preparations	1.2	-3.9
3261	Plastics products	1.4	-3.8
3262	Rubber products	2.4	-5.4
3271	Clay products and refractories	-0.2	-5.6
3272	Glass and glass product manufacturing	2.4	-5.3
3273	Cement and concrete products	-0.8	-3.1
3274	Lime and gypsum products	1.1	-3.4
3279	Other nonmetallic mineral products	2.8	-1.9
3311	Iron and steel mills and ferroalloy manufacturing	5.4	-4.4
3312	Steel products from purchased steel	-3.1	-3.3
3313	Alumina and aluminum production and processing	5.2	-5.8
3314	Nonferrous metal (except aluminum) production and processing	1.8	-4.9
3315	Foundries	3.0	-6.5
3321	Forging and stamping	2.7	-4.2
3322	Cutlery and handtool manufacturing	2.9	-6.2
3323	Architectural and structural metals	0.3	-2.8
3324	Boilers, tanks, and shipping containers	1.1	-2.2
3325	Hardware manufacturing	-0.5	-7.1
3326	Spring and wire product manufacturing	2.9	-6.3
3327	Machine shops; turned products; and screws, nuts, and bolts	0.8	-1.4
3328	Coating, engraving, heat treating, and allied activities	2.9	-3.7
3329	Other fabricated metal products	1.8	-2.6
3331	Agriculture, construction, and mining machinery	3.1	-0.7
3332	Industrial machinery	0.2	-4.8
3333	Commercial and service industry machinery manufacturing	1.9	-4.8
3334	Ventilation, heating, air-conditioning, and commercial refrigeration equipment manufacturing	2.7	-4.3
3335	Metalworking machinery manufacturing	2.0	-5.5
3336	Engine, turbine, and power transmission equipment manufacturing	0.2	-1.9
3339	Other general purpose machinery	2.8	-4.1
3341	Computer and peripheral equipment manufacturing	14.0	-6.4
3342	Communications equipment	-2.0	-6.9
3343	Audio and video equipment manufacturing	-2.4	-9.2
3344	Semiconductor and other electronic component manufacturing	9.4	-5.9
3345	Navigational, measuring, electromedical, and control instruments manufacturing	4.1	-1.8
3346	Manufacturing and reproducing magnetic and optical media	7.9	-9.1
3351	Electric lighting equipment	3.2	-6.1
3352	Household appliances	2.9	-5.5
3353	Electrical equipment manufacturing	0.9	-4.2
3359	Other electrical equipment and components	0.7	-4.6
3361	Motor vehicles	5.3	-6.3
3362	Motor vehicle body and trailer manufacturing	0.9	-5.2
3363	Motor vehicle parts	4.2	-6.7
3364	Aerospace product and parts manufacturing	2.8	-0.7
3365	Railroad rolling stock manufacturing	4.3	-5.3
3366	Ship and boat building	3.1	-2.0
3369	Other transportation equipment manufacturing	8.5	-2.1
3371	Household and institutional furniture and kitchen cabinets	1.7	-6.3
3372	Office furniture (including fixtures) manufacturing	0.8	-5.9
3379	Other furniture related products	3.1	-4.6
3391	Medical equipment and supplies manufacturing	3.8	-0.2
3399	Other miscellaneous manufacturing	2.6	-4.4
4231	Motor vehicles and parts	3.4	-1.6
4232	Furniture and furnishings	0.6	-2.5
4233	Lumber and construction supplies	3.1	-2.1
4234	Commercial equipment	13.3	-1.8
4235	Metals and minerals	-1.4	-2.7
4236	Electrical and electronic goods	5.7	-3.1
4237	Hardware and plumbing	1.0	-1.4
4238	Machinery and supplies	0.8	-1.8
4239	Miscellaneous durable goods	-0.1	-0.6
4241	Paper and paper products	2.5	-3.5
4242	Drugs and druggists' sundries merchant wholesalers	7.2	-0.1
4243	Apparel and piece goods	3.8	-2.0
4244	Grocery and related products	1.1	0.1
4245	Farm product raw materials	1.2	-0.7
4246	Chemicals	1.5	-1.7
4247	Petroleum	0.7	-2.5
4248	Alcoholic beverages	-0.7	2.4
4249	Miscellaneous nondurable goods	-0.2	-1.7
4251	Wholesale electronic markets and agents and brokers	-2.5	2.8
4411	Automobile dealers	0.9	-1.9
4412	Other motor vehicle dealers	0.7	-0.9
4413	Automotive parts, accessories, and tire stores	-0.8	-0.3
4421	Furniture stores	3.3	-3.1
4422	Home furnishings stores	5.1	-2.0
4431	Electronics and appliance stores	13.7	-1.3
4441	Building material and supplies dealers	1.2	0.1
4442	Lawn and garden equipment and supplies stores	5.6	-2.5
4451	Grocery stores	1.5	-0.5
4452	Specialty food stores	3.4	-2.3
4453	Beer, wine, and liquor stores	4.1	-0.7
4461	Health and personal care stores	2.5	0.3
4471	Gasoline stations	2.0	-1.4
4481	Clothing stores	5.2	0.9
4482	Shoe stores	2.4	-0.8
4483	Jewelry, luggage, and leather goods stores	1.6	-1.6
4511	Sporting goods, hobby, and musical instrument stores	4.7	0.3
4512	Book, periodical, and music stores	2.7	-5.6
4521	Department stores	-0.7	-1.5
4529	Other general merchandise stores	4.1	3.4
4531	Florists	3.1	-4.7
4532	Office supplies, stationery, and gift stores	6.4	-4.5
4533	Used merchandise stores	4.1	-2.3
4539	Other miscellaneous store retailers	-1.5	-0.7
4541	Electronic shopping and mail-order houses	10.6	0.2
4542	Vending machine operators	-0.6	-4.7
4543	Direct selling establishments	0.9	-2.8
481	Air transportation	4.6	-3.2
482111	Line-haul railroads	2.8	-1.2
48421	Used household and office goods moving	-0.5	-2.5
4911	Postal service	0.7	-2.9
492	Couriers and messengers	-0.7	-1.1
4931	Warehousing and storage	1.5	2.1
5111	Newspaper, periodical, book, and directory publishers	-0.2	-4.5
5112	Software publishers	4.7	-0.0
51213	Motion picture and video exhibition	1.7	-0.6
5152	Cable and other subscription programming	5.6	-1.1
5171	Wired telecommunications carriers	3.3	-4.3
5172	Wireless telecommunications carriers (except satellite)	17.3	-0.6
52211	Commercial banking	2.6	0.4
532111	Passenger car rental	2.8	-2.9
53223	Video tape and disc rental	6.0	-9.0
541213	Tax preparation services	-1.0	1.8
54133	Engineering services	1.2	0.8
54181	Advertising agencies	4.2	-1.6
541921	Photography studios, portrait	-0.3	-0.7
561311	Employment placement agencies	11.4	-4.6
71395	Bowling centers	2.1	-1.6
7222	Limited-service eating places	1.0	1.4
7223	Special food services	0.6	0.7
7224	Drinking places (alcoholic beverages)	2.1	-1.5
8111	Automotive repair and maintenance	-0.8	-0.9
81221	Funeral homes and funeral services	-0.2	-0.2
81292	Photofinishing	8.1	-14.4
8123	Drycleaning and laundry services	2.0	-2.3

Source: Labor Productivity and Costs | Chart

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