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Number of unemployed on temporary layoff increased by 249,000 in July 2024
August 09, 2024
The unemployment rate rose by 0.2 percentage point to 4.3 percent in July 2024. The rate was 0.8 percentage point higher than the July 2023 rate of 3.5 percent. The number of unemployed people increased by 352,000 to 7.2 million in July, up 1.3 million from a year earlier when it was 5.9 million.
Number of unemployed by reason for unemployment, July 2014–July 2024
Month
New entrants
Reentrants
Job leavers
Job losers, not on temporary layoff
Job losers, on temporary layoff
Jul 2014
1,098,000
2,891,000
857,000
3,806,000
968,000
Aug 2014
1,050,000
2,905,000
849,000
3,674,000
1,087,000
Sep 2014
1,103,000
2,800,000
812,000
3,584,000
944,000
Oct 2014
1,072,000
2,839,000
781,000
3,477,000
892,000
Nov 2014
1,048,000
2,748,000
824,000
3,453,000
1,030,000
Dec 2014
964,000
2,676,000
793,000
3,393,000
947,000
Jan 2015
1,009,000
2,747,000
868,000
3,308,000
911,000
Feb 2015
935,000
2,630,000
900,000
3,158,000
1,015,000
Mar 2015
812,000
2,635,000
864,000
3,134,000
1,015,000
Apr 2015
873,000
2,676,000
841,000
3,153,000
1,006,000
May 2015
978,000
2,608,000
819,000
3,274,000
1,129,000
Jun 2015
906,000
2,546,000
765,000
3,051,000
1,019,000
Jul 2015
834,000
2,455,000
841,000
3,117,000
953,000
Aug 2015
842,000
2,372,000
775,000
3,029,000
944,000
Sep 2015
840,000
2,427,000
779,000
2,960,000
917,000
Oct 2015
825,000
2,413,000
785,000
2,998,000
997,000
Nov 2015
871,000
2,443,000
783,000
3,005,000
898,000
Dec 2015
856,000
2,467,000
815,000
2,873,000
921,000
Jan 2016
812,000
2,487,000
770,000
2,705,000
837,000
Feb 2016
817,000
2,449,000
765,000
2,757,000
954,000
Mar 2016
772,000
2,468,000
849,000
2,922,000
921,000
Apr 2016
855,000
2,330,000
859,000
3,078,000
887,000
May 2016
888,000
2,215,000
794,000
2,821,000
916,000
Jun 2016
917,000
2,251,000
826,000
2,667,000
1,125,000
Jul 2016
804,000
2,273,000
829,000
2,765,000
975,000
Aug 2016
871,000
2,258,000
893,000
2,748,000
985,000
Sep 2016
803,000
2,339,000
922,000
2,828,000
1,057,000
Oct 2016
796,000
2,370,000
957,000
2,713,000
1,028,000
Nov 2016
753,000
2,297,000
946,000
2,678,000
870,000
Dec 2016
796,000
2,231,000
885,000
2,583,000
1,027,000
Jan 2017
788,000
2,172,000
867,000
2,640,000
1,038,000
Feb 2017
742,000
2,188,000
802,000
2,659,000
994,000
Mar 2017
791,000
2,006,000
792,000
2,613,000
959,000
Apr 2017
733,000
2,053,000
766,000
2,647,000
939,000
May 2017
674,000
2,136,000
787,000
2,587,000
853,000
Jun 2017
663,000
1,979,000
801,000
2,477,000
914,000
Jul 2017
678,000
2,089,000
743,000
2,345,000
1,010,000
Aug 2017
641,000
2,118,000
802,000
2,450,000
1,011,000
Sep 2017
656,000
2,099,000
749,000
2,429,000
902,000
Oct 2017
617,000
2,037,000
742,000
2,344,000
909,000
Nov 2017
703,000
2,076,000
766,000
2,218,000
987,000
Dec 2017
611,000
2,003,000
720,000
2,316,000
946,000
Jan 2018
647,000
1,994,000
719,000
2,362,000
840,000
Feb 2018
688,000
1,950,000
774,000
2,350,000
867,000
Mar 2018
626,000
1,909,000
867,000
2,262,000
857,000
Apr 2018
658,000
2,020,000
803,000
2,197,000
860,000
May 2018
572,000
1,890,000
853,000
2,082,000
810,000
Jun 2018
544,000
2,009,000
797,000
2,133,000
949,000
Jul 2018
561,000
1,796,000
833,000
2,113,000
860,000
Aug 2018
574,000
1,839,000
883,000
1,960,000
846,000
Sep 2018
574,000
1,913,000
735,000
1,983,000
837,000
Oct 2018
588,000
1,940,000
725,000
2,034,000
849,000
Nov 2018
574,000
1,924,000
709,000
2,017,000
877,000
Dec 2018
619,000
1,974,000
832,000
2,155,000
776,000
Jan 2019
614,000
1,966,000
807,000
2,162,000
961,000
Feb 2019
624,000
1,885,000
836,000
2,029,000
783,000
Mar 2019
624,000
1,988,000
775,000
1,968,000
843,000
Apr 2019
578,000
1,949,000
722,000
2,004,000
761,000
May 2019
585,000
1,864,000
827,000
1,807,000
872,000
Jun 2019
509,000
1,815,000
897,000
1,911,000
778,000
Jul 2019
578,000
1,777,000
841,000
1,981,000
871,000
Aug 2019
575,000
1,754,000
794,000
2,003,000
811,000
Sep 2019
646,000
1,648,000
831,000
1,802,000
764,000
Oct 2019
610,000
1,707,000
835,000
1,926,000
825,000
Nov 2019
567,000
1,692,000
769,000
2,002,000
799,000
Dec 2019
575,000
1,676,000
832,000
1,945,000
805,000
Jan 2020
562,000
1,880,000
832,000
1,968,000
646,000
Feb 2020
515,000
1,816,000
762,000
1,907,000
765,000
Mar 2020
547,000
1,786,000
707,000
2,125,000
2,032,000
Apr 2020
374,000
1,479,000
548,000
2,600,000
18,073,000
May 2020
533,000
1,653,000
548,000
2,921,000
15,309,000
Jun 2020
572,000
2,301,000
562,000
3,644,000
10,523,000
Jul 2020
543,000
2,306,000
589,000
3,681,000
9,277,000
Aug 2020
548,000
2,038,000
617,000
4,096,000
6,148,000
Sep 2020
537,000
2,076,000
806,000
4,459,000
4,611,000
Oct 2020
518,000
1,993,000
765,000
4,493,000
3,231,000
Nov 2020
551,000
1,970,000
689,000
4,678,000
2,778,000
Dec 2020
510,000
2,252,000
757,000
4,211,000
3,058,000
Jan 2021
561,000
2,020,000
652,000
4,265,000
2,751,000
Feb 2021
591,000
2,157,000
703,000
4,332,000
2,241,000
Mar 2021
522,000
2,300,000
767,000
4,154,000
2,010,000
Apr 2021
544,000
2,120,000
817,000
4,240,000
2,140,000
May 2021
519,000
2,194,000
788,000
3,938,000
1,838,000
Jun 2021
497,000
2,297,000
947,000
3,950,000
1,717,000
Jul 2021
490,000
2,301,000
927,000
3,727,000
1,294,000
Aug 2021
511,000
2,423,000
830,000
3,217,000
1,225,000
Sep 2021
511,000
2,222,000
789,000
2,948,000
1,116,000
Oct 2021
514,000
2,163,000
845,000
2,661,000
1,041,000
Nov 2021
441,000
2,140,000
839,000
2,481,000
843,000
Dec 2021
496,000
2,042,000
725,000
2,283,000
777,000
Jan 2022
438,000
1,961,000
950,000
2,274,000
993,000
Feb 2022
428,000
1,951,000
959,000
2,136,000
857,000
Mar 2022
481,000
2,035,000
786,000
2,015,000
710,000
Apr 2022
502,000
1,856,000
793,000
2,011,000
921,000
May 2022
531,000
1,960,000
768,000
1,891,000
822,000
Jun 2022
472,000
2,020,000
836,000
1,827,000
743,000
Jul 2022
477,000
1,821,000
843,000
1,789,000
879,000
Aug 2022
447,000
1,817,000
902,000
1,956,000
808,000
Sep 2022
454,000
1,795,000
905,000
1,723,000
796,000
Oct 2022
492,000
1,863,000
863,000
1,855,000
862,000
Nov 2022
556,000
1,799,000
829,000
1,952,000
778,000
Dec 2022
502,000
1,786,000
824,000
1,808,000
788,000
Jan 2023
526,000
1,799,000
883,000
1,804,000
763,000
Feb 2023
521,000
1,844,000
888,000
1,959,000
807,000
Mar 2023
506,000
1,683,000
841,000
2,104,000
781,000
Apr 2023
519,000
1,778,000
786,000
1,916,000
760,000
May 2023
527,000
1,851,000
764,000
2,218,000
782,000
Jun 2023
559,000
1,776,000
796,000
2,009,000
781,000
Jul 2023
534,000
1,868,000
854,000
1,980,000
723,000
Aug 2023
592,000
1,931,000
804,000
2,132,000
813,000
Sep 2023
586,000
2,024,000
797,000
2,056,000
813,000
Oct 2023
603,000
1,869,000
801,000
2,217,000
904,000
Nov 2023
582,000
1,771,000
821,000
2,169,000
889,000
Dec 2023
609,000
1,741,000
833,000
2,140,000
917,000
Jan 2024
550,000
1,834,000
794,000
2,151,000
876,000
Feb 2024
611,000
1,946,000
711,000
2,389,000
827,000
Mar 2024
678,000
1,920,000
823,000
2,263,000
779,000
Apr 2024
574,000
1,929,000
785,000
2,370,000
871,000
May 2024
630,000
2,046,000
717,000
2,384,000
836,000
Jun 2024
708,000
2,094,000
752,000
2,362,000
813,000
Jul 2024
650,000
2,160,000
855,000
2,427,000
1,062,000
Note: Data are seasonally adjusted and may not add to total unemployed due to independent seasonal adjustment of various series.
Among the unemployed, 1.1 million were job losers on a temporary layoff in July 2024, an increase of 249,000 compared with the prior month. The number of job losers who were not on a temporary layoff, at 2.4 million in July 2024, changed little over the month.
There were 2.2 million reentrants and 650,000 new entrants to the labor force among the unemployed in July 2024. Job leavers made up 855,000 of the unemployed. These measures changed little over the month.
People are classified as unemployed if they do not have a job, have actively looked for work in the prior 4 weeks, and are currently available for work. There are four unemployment categories: job losers, job leavers, reentrants, and new entrants. Job losers consists of two groups, people on temporary layoff and not on temporary layoff. Job leavers include those who quit or voluntarily ended their jobs and immediately began searching for a new job. Reentrants previously worked but were out of the labor force before they began their job search. New entrants are looking for their first job and have no previous work experience.
United States Department of Labor
