Retirement benefits: Access, participation, and take-up rates

Table 2. Retirement benefits: Access, participation, and take-up rates,1 State and local government workers, March 2018
(All workers = 100 percent)
Characteristics All retirement benefits2 Defined benefit Defined contribution
Access Participation Take-up
rate 		Access Participation Take-up
rate 		Access Participation Take-up
rate
All workers
91
83
90
86
77
89
37
17
45
Worker characteristics
                 
Management, professional, and related
94
84
90
89
78
88
39
17
42
    Professional and related
93
83
89
88
77
88
39
16
42
        Teachers
94
84
89
91
80
88
38
13
36
            Primary, secondary, and special education
             school teachers
99
90
91
99
89
90
32
9
28
Service
84
78
92
78
72
91
31
16
50
    Protective service
92
86
94
89
81
92
34
19
55
Sales and office
91
82
90
86
75
88
37
18
49
    Office and administrative support
92
83
90
87
76
88
37
18
48
Natural resources, construction, and maintenance
97
91
93
90
82
92
40
21
54
Production, transportation, and material moving
90
82
91
87
79
91
27
13
47
Full time
99
90
91
94
83
89
40
18
46
Part time
45
39
86
40
36
90
16
6
38
Union
97
88
90
95
84
89
34
13
38
Nonunion
86
78
90
79
70
89
39
20
51
Average wage within the following categories:3
                 
    Lowest 25 percent
78
70
90
71
64
90
30
13
44
        Lowest 10 percent
68
59
88
59
53
90
25
10
41
    Second 25 percent
94
86
91
89
79
89
38
18
49
    Third 25 percent
98
89
90
93
83
89
39
19
48
    Highest 25 percent
97
87
90
93
82
88
41
17
41
        Highest 10 percent
95
85
89
91
78
86
45
18
39
Establishment characteristics
                 
Service-providing industries
91
83
90
86
77
89
37
17
45
    Education and health services
93
83
89
88
77
88
38
15
39
        Educational services
93
83
89
90
80
88
35
12
35
            Elementary and secondary schools
93
84
91
92
84
91
28
8
29
            Junior colleges, colleges, and universities
92
78
85
82
67
81
59
26
43
        Health care and social assistance
93
81
87
73
62
84
55
31
56
            Hospitals
93
79
85
68
55
80
58
36
63
    Public administration
91
85
94
87
79
91
36
19
54
1 to 99 workers
87
83
94
83
78
94
28
12
43
    1 to 49 workers
85
80
94
81
76
93
25
12
48
    50 to 99 workers
89
85
95
85
81
94
32
12
39
100 workers or more
93
83
89
87
76
88
40
18
46
    100 to 499 workers
91
83
92
87
79
91
30
13
43
    500 workers or more
93
82
88
87
75
86
44
20
47
State government
95
86
90
90
78
86
48
22
45
Local government
90
81
90
85
76
90
33
15
45
Geographic areas
                 
Northeast
91
84
92
87
80
92
31
9
30
    New England
85
74
87
78
70
90
16
–
–
    Middle Atlantic
93
87
93
90
83
93
36
9
25
South
94
84
90
89
79
89
42
18
42
    South Atlantic
92
81
89
88
76
86
57
22
39
    East South Central
94
86
91
89
79
89
40
21
53
    West South Central
97
88
91
90
83
91
21
10
47
Midwest
90
78
87
83
71
85
41
18
44
    East North Central
89
77
87
82
69
84
47
19
40
    West North Central
92
81
88
85
74
86
30
17
58
West
89
83
93
84
76
91
29
19
66
    Mountain
86
81
94
78
71
91
32
24
75
    Pacific
91
84
92
87
79
91
28
17
61
1The take-up rate is an estimate of the percentage of workers with access to a plan who participate in the plan, rounded for presentation.
2Includes defined benefit pension plans and defined contribution retirement plans. Workers are considered as having access or as participating if they have access to or are participating in
at least one of these plan types.
3Surveyed occupations are classified into wage categories based on the average wage for the occupation, which may include workers with earnings both above and below the threshold.
The categories were formed using percentile estimates generated using wage data for March 2018.

Note: Dash indicates no workers in this category or data did not meet publication criteria. For definitions of major plans, key provisions, and related terms, see the "Glossary of Employee
Benefit Terms" at www.bls.gov/ncs/ebs/national-compensation-survey-glossary-of-employee-benefit-terms.htm.

Source: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, National Compensation Survey.