Occupational Employment and Wage Statistics
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Occupational Employment and Wages, May 2021
49-0000 Installation, Maintenance, and Repair Occupations (Major Group)
Installation, Maintenance, and Repair Occupations comprises the following occupations:
First-Line Supervisors of Mechanics, Installers, and Repairers;
Computer, Automated Teller, and Office Machine Repairers;
Radio, Cellular, and Tower Equipment Installers and Repairers;
Telecommunications Equipment Installers and Repairers, Except Line Installers;
Electronic Equipment Installers and Repairers, Motor Vehicles;
Electrical and Electronics Installers and Repairers, Transportation Equipment;
Electric Motor, Power Tool, and Related Repairers;
Avionics Technicians;
Audiovisual Equipment Installers and Repairers;
Electrical and Electronics Repairers, Powerhouse, Substation, and Relay;
Electrical and Electronics Repairers, Commercial and Industrial Equipment;
Security and Fire Alarm Systems Installers;
Aircraft Mechanics and Service Technicians;
Automotive Glass Installers and Repairers;
Automotive Body and Related Repairers;
Automotive Service Technicians and Mechanics;
Bus and Truck Mechanics and Diesel Engine Specialists;
Rail Car Repairers;
Farm Equipment Mechanics and Service Technicians;
Mobile Heavy Equipment Mechanics, Except Engines;
Motorcycle Mechanics;
Motorboat Mechanics and Service Technicians;
Outdoor Power Equipment and Other Small Engine Mechanics;
Bicycle Repairers;
Recreational Vehicle Service Technicians;
Tire Repairers and Changers;
Mechanical Door Repairers;
Control and Valve Installers and Repairers, Except Mechanical Door;
Heating, Air Conditioning, and Refrigeration Mechanics and Installers;
Home Appliance Repairers;
Refractory Materials Repairers, Except Brickmasons;
Millwrights;
Maintenance Workers, Machinery;
Industrial Machinery Mechanics;
Telecommunications Line Installers and Repairers;
Electrical Power-Line Installers and Repairers;
Precision Instrument and Equipment Repairers, All Other;
Watch and Clock Repairers;
Camera and Photographic Equipment Repairers;
Musical Instrument Repairers and Tuners;
Medical Equipment Repairers;
Maintenance and Repair Workers, General;
Wind Turbine Service Technicians;
Installation, Maintenance, and Repair Workers, All Other;
Commercial Divers;
Manufactured Building and Mobile Home Installers;
Signal and Track Switch Repairers;
Locksmiths and Safe Repairers;
Riggers;
Coin, Vending, and Amusement Machine Servicers and Repairers;
Helpers--Installation, Maintenance, and Repair Workers
National estimates for Installation, Maintenance, and Repair Occupations
Industry profile for Installation, Maintenance, and Repair Occupations
Geographic profile for Installation, Maintenance, and Repair Occupations
National estimates for Installation, Maintenance, and Repair Occupations:
Employment estimate and mean wage estimates for Installation, Maintenance, and Repair Occupations:
| Employment (1) |
Employment
RSE (3) |
Mean hourly
wage |
Mean annual
wage (2) |
Wage RSE (3) |
| 5,574,410 |
0.2 % |
$ 25.66 |
$ 53,380 |
0.2 % |
Percentile wage estimates for Installation, Maintenance, and Repair Occupations:
| Percentile |
10% |
25% |
50%
(Median) |
75% |
90% |
| Hourly Wage |
$ 14.20 |
$ 17.93 |
$ 23.05 |
$ 29.81 |
$ 38.20 |
| Annual Wage (2) |
$ 29,540 |
$ 37,280 |
$ 47,940 |
$ 62,000 |
$ 79,460 |
Industry profile for Installation, Maintenance, and Repair Occupations:
Industries with the highest published employment and wages for Installation, Maintenance, and Repair Occupations are provided.
For a list of all industries with employment in Installation, Maintenance, and Repair Occupations, see the Create Customized Tables function.
Industries with the highest levels of employment in Installation, Maintenance, and Repair Occupations:
| Industry |
Employment (1) |
Percent of industry employment |
Hourly mean wage |
Annual mean wage (2) |
| Building Equipment Contractors |
446,560 |
19.90 |
$ 26.15 |
$ 54,390 |
| Automotive Repair and Maintenance |
431,410 |
47.03 |
$ 22.75 |
$ 47,320 |
| Real Estate |
355,150 |
21.24 |
$ 21.37 |
$ 44,460 |
| Automobile Dealers |
310,130 |
25.42 |
$ 25.63 |
$ 53,300 |
| Local Government, excluding schools and hospitals (OEWS Designation) |
282,270 |
5.25 |
$ 26.97 |
$ 56,100 |
Industries with the highest concentration of employment in Installation, Maintenance, and Repair Occupations:
| Industry |
Employment (1) |
Percent of industry employment |
Hourly mean wage |
Annual mean wage (2) |
| Automotive Repair and Maintenance |
431,410 |
47.03 |
$ 22.75 |
$ 47,320 |
| Electronic and Precision Equipment Repair and Maintenance |
47,720 |
46.41 |
$ 23.91 |
$ 49,740 |
| Commercial and Industrial Machinery and Equipment (except Automotive and Electronic) Repair and Maintenance |
95,470 |
45.62 |
$ 26.07 |
$ 54,220 |
| Personal and Household Goods Repair and Maintenance |
31,450 |
40.99 |
$ 21.50 |
$ 44,720 |
| Electric Power Generation, Transmission and Distribution |
121,320 |
32.24 |
$ 42.81 |
$ 89,040 |
Top paying industries for Installation, Maintenance, and Repair Occupations:
| Industry |
Employment (1) |
Percent of industry employment |
Hourly mean wage |
Annual mean wage (2) |
| Pipeline Transportation of Crude Oil |
1,050 |
9.14 |
$ 42.92 |
$ 89,280 |
| Electric Power Generation, Transmission and Distribution |
121,320 |
32.24 |
$ 42.81 |
$ 89,040 |
| Scheduled Air Transportation |
28,990 |
7.40 |
$ 42.64 |
$ 88,690 |
| Other Pipeline Transportation |
770 |
9.30 |
$ 42.48 |
$ 88,350 |
| Petroleum and Coal Products Manufacturing |
9,640 |
9.34 |
$ 42.22 |
$ 87,820 |
Geographic profile for Installation, Maintenance, and Repair Occupations:
States and areas with the highest published employment, location quotients, and wages for Installation, Maintenance, and Repair Occupations are provided.
For a list of all areas with employment in Installation, Maintenance, and Repair Occupations, see the Create Customized Tables function.
States with the highest employment level in Installation, Maintenance, and Repair Occupations:
| State |
Employment (1) |
Employment per thousand jobs |
Location quotient (9) |
Hourly mean wage |
Annual mean wage (2) |
| Texas |
534,370 |
43.71 |
1.10 |
$ 24.67 |
$ 51,310 |
| California |
506,480 |
30.64 |
0.77 |
$ 28.69 |
$ 59,680 |
| Florida |
375,640 |
43.65 |
1.10 |
$ 22.67 |
$ 47,150 |
| New York |
321,770 |
37.12 |
0.94 |
$ 28.56 |
$ 59,400 |
| Pennsylvania |
227,020 |
40.66 |
1.03 |
$ 25.41 |
$ 52,840 |
States with the highest concentration of jobs and location quotients in Installation, Maintenance, and Repair Occupations:
| State |
Employment (1) |
Employment per thousand jobs |
Location quotient (9) |
Hourly mean wage |
Annual mean wage (2) |
| Wyoming |
16,070 |
61.70 |
1.56 |
$ 28.80 |
$ 59,900 |
| Alaska |
16,740 |
56.59 |
1.43 |
$ 31.84 |
$ 66,230 |
| North Dakota |
21,120 |
53.47 |
1.35 |
$ 27.35 |
$ 56,880 |
| Montana |
23,090 |
49.10 |
1.24 |
$ 24.39 |
$ 50,720 |
| Alabama |
94,520 |
49.02 |
1.24 |
$ 24.57 |
$ 51,100 |
Top paying states for Installation, Maintenance, and Repair Occupations:
| State |
Employment (1) |
Employment per thousand jobs |
Location quotient (9) |
Hourly mean wage |
Annual mean wage (2) |
| Alaska |
16,740 |
56.59 |
1.43 |
$ 31.84 |
$ 66,230 |
| District of Columbia |
9,330 |
14.10 |
0.36 |
$ 30.55 |
$ 63,550 |
| Hawaii |
23,230 |
42.36 |
1.07 |
$ 30.54 |
$ 63,520 |
| Massachusetts |
99,030 |
29.17 |
0.74 |
$ 29.69 |
$ 61,760 |
| Washington |
121,250 |
37.82 |
0.96 |
$ 29.63 |
$ 61,630 |
Metropolitan areas with the highest employment level in Installation, Maintenance, and Repair Occupations:
| Metropolitan area |
Employment (1) |
Employment per thousand jobs |
Location quotient (9) |
Hourly mean wage |
Annual mean wage (2) |
| New York-Newark-Jersey City, NY-NJ-PA |
293,960 |
33.87 |
0.86 |
$ 30.07 |
$ 62,540 |
| Los Angeles-Long Beach-Anaheim, CA |
156,000 |
27.27 |
0.69 |
$ 28.36 |
$ 58,980 |
| Dallas-Fort Worth-Arlington, TX |
148,560 |
41.39 |
1.05 |
$ 25.32 |
$ 52,660 |
| Chicago-Naperville-Elgin, IL-IN-WI |
145,480 |
34.37 |
0.87 |
$ 27.50 |
$ 57,190 |
| Houston-The Woodlands-Sugar Land, TX |
127,450 |
43.99 |
1.11 |
$ 26.28 |
$ 54,670 |
| Miami-Fort Lauderdale-West Palm Beach, FL |
106,570 |
43.45 |
1.10 |
$ 23.24 |
$ 48,350 |
| Atlanta-Sandy Springs-Roswell, GA |
103,870 |
40.14 |
1.01 |
$ 25.32 |
$ 52,670 |
| Philadelphia-Camden-Wilmington, PA-NJ-DE-MD |
92,370 |
34.80 |
0.88 |
$ 27.47 |
$ 57,130 |
| Washington-Arlington-Alexandria, DC-VA-MD-WV |
88,970 |
30.34 |
0.77 |
$ 29.41 |
$ 61,170 |
| Phoenix-Mesa-Scottsdale, AZ |
84,120 |
39.74 |
1.00 |
$ 24.91 |
$ 51,810 |
Metropolitan areas with the highest concentration of jobs and location quotients in Installation, Maintenance, and Repair Occupations:
| Metropolitan area |
Employment (1) |
Employment per thousand jobs |
Location quotient (9) |
Hourly mean wage |
Annual mean wage (2) |
| Odessa, TX |
4,860 |
72.76 |
1.84 |
$ 25.45 |
$ 52,930 |
| Anniston-Oxford-Jacksonville, AL |
3,090 |
71.60 |
1.81 |
$ 24.04 |
$ 50,000 |
| Lake Charles, LA |
6,010 |
66.56 |
1.68 |
$ 27.02 |
$ 56,190 |
| Bremerton-Silverdale, WA |
5,690 |
65.93 |
1.67 |
$ 31.86 |
$ 66,270 |
| Midland, TX |
6,210 |
65.21 |
1.65 |
$ 27.48 |
$ 57,150 |
| Warner Robins, GA |
4,800 |
64.99 |
1.64 |
$ 25.95 |
$ 53,980 |
| Farmington, NM |
2,670 |
64.77 |
1.64 |
$ 25.66 |
$ 53,370 |
| Casper, WY |
2,300 |
63.25 |
1.60 |
$ 27.39 |
$ 56,970 |
| Decatur, AL |
3,420 |
61.76 |
1.56 |
$ 26.36 |
$ 54,820 |
| Texarkana, TX-AR |
3,450 |
61.54 |
1.56 |
$ 24.09 |
$ 50,110 |
Top paying metropolitan areas for Installation, Maintenance, and Repair Occupations:
| Metropolitan area |
Employment (1) |
Employment per thousand jobs |
Location quotient (9) |
Hourly mean wage |
Annual mean wage (2) |
| San Jose-Sunnyvale-Santa Clara, CA |
25,800 |
24.14 |
0.61 |
$ 33.00 |
$ 68,640 |
| San Francisco-Oakland-Hayward, CA |
59,710 |
26.63 |
0.67 |
$ 32.83 |
$ 68,290 |
| Fairbanks, AK |
1,930 |
55.95 |
1.41 |
$ 32.72 |
$ 68,050 |
| Bremerton-Silverdale, WA |
5,690 |
65.93 |
1.67 |
$ 31.86 |
$ 66,270 |
| Anchorage, AK |
8,280 |
51.21 |
1.29 |
$ 31.75 |
$ 66,040 |
| Jackson, MI |
2,710 |
49.84 |
1.26 |
$ 31.65 |
$ 65,830 |
| Seattle-Tacoma-Bellevue, WA |
64,660 |
33.72 |
0.85 |
$ 31.23 |
$ 64,950 |
| Urban Honolulu, HI |
16,910 |
42.80 |
1.08 |
$ 31.10 |
$ 64,690 |
| Vallejo-Fairfield, CA |
5,890 |
45.49 |
1.15 |
$ 30.89 |
$ 64,260 |
| Boston-Cambridge-Nashua, MA-NH |
71,510 |
27.66 |
0.70 |
$ 30.59 |
$ 63,620 |
Nonmetropolitan areas with the highest employment in Installation, Maintenance, and Repair Occupations:
| Nonmetropolitan area |
Employment (1) |
Employment per thousand jobs |
Location quotient (9) |
Hourly mean wage |
Annual mean wage (2) |
| Kansas nonmetropolitan area |
18,700 |
49.77 |
1.26 |
$ 23.65 |
$ 49,200 |
| North Northeastern Ohio nonmetropolitan area (noncontiguous) |
15,090 |
48.02 |
1.21 |
$ 23.27 |
$ 48,400 |
| North Texas Region of Texas nonmetropolitan area |
13,920 |
52.34 |
1.32 |
$ 22.76 |
$ 47,340 |
| West Texas Region of Texas nonmetropolitan area |
12,460 |
67.63 |
1.71 |
$ 24.33 |
$ 50,610 |
| Southeast Coastal North Carolina nonmetropolitan area |
11,850 |
49.31 |
1.25 |
$ 22.44 |
$ 46,680 |
Nonmetropolitan areas with the highest concentration of jobs and location quotients in Installation, Maintenance, and Repair Occupations:
| Nonmetropolitan area |
Employment (1) |
Employment per thousand jobs |
Location quotient (9) |
Hourly mean wage |
Annual mean wage (2) |
| Southeast Alabama nonmetropolitan area |
7,060 |
84.53 |
2.14 |
$ 28.74 |
$ 59,770 |
| Nevada nonmetropolitan area |
6,980 |
72.04 |
1.82 |
$ 27.76 |
$ 57,750 |
| West North Dakota nonmetropolitan area |
7,190 |
67.86 |
1.71 |
$ 29.68 |
$ 61,740 |
| West Texas Region of Texas nonmetropolitan area |
12,460 |
67.63 |
1.71 |
$ 24.33 |
$ 50,610 |
| Alaska nonmetropolitan area |
6,320 |
64.95 |
1.64 |
$ 31.58 |
$ 65,690 |
Top paying nonmetropolitan areas for Installation, Maintenance, and Repair Occupations:
| Nonmetropolitan area |
Employment (1) |
Employment per thousand jobs |
Location quotient (9) |
Hourly mean wage |
Annual mean wage (2) |
| Alaska nonmetropolitan area |
6,320 |
64.95 |
1.64 |
$ 31.58 |
$ 65,690 |
| West North Dakota nonmetropolitan area |
7,190 |
67.86 |
1.71 |
$ 29.68 |
$ 61,740 |
| Eastern Wyoming nonmetropolitan area |
5,040 |
63.05 |
1.59 |
$ 29.68 |
$ 61,730 |
| Western Wyoming nonmetropolitan area |
5,980 |
63.67 |
1.61 |
$ 29.08 |
$ 60,480 |
| Southeast Alabama nonmetropolitan area |
7,060 |
84.53 |
2.14 |
$ 28.74 |
$ 59,770 |
About May 2021 National, State, Metropolitan, and Nonmetropolitan Area Occupational Employment and Wage Estimates
These estimates are calculated with data collected from employers in all industry sectors, all metropolitan and nonmetropolitan areas, and all states and the District of Columbia.
The percentile wage estimate is the value of a wage below which a certain percent of workers fall.
The median wage is the 50th percentile wage estimate—50 percent of workers earn less than the median and 50 percent of workers earn more than the median.
More about percentile wages.
(1) Estimates for detailed occupations do not sum to the totals because the totals include occupations not shown separately. Estimates do not include self-employed workers.
(2) Annual wages have been calculated by multiplying the hourly mean wage by a "year-round, full-time" hours figure of 2,080 hours;
for those occupations where there is not an hourly wage published, the annual wage has been directly calculated from the reported survey data.
(3) The relative standard error (RSE) is a measure of the reliability of a survey statistic. The smaller the relative standard error, the more precise the estimate.
(9) The location quotient is the ratio of the area concentration of occupational employment to the national average concentration.
A location quotient greater than one indicates the occupation has a higher share of employment than average, and a location quotient less than one indicates the occupation is less prevalent in the area than average.
Other OEWS estimates and related information:
May 2021 National Occupational Employment and Wage Estimates
May 2021 State Occupational Employment and Wage Estimates
May 2021 Metropolitan and Nonmetropolitan Area Occupational Employment and Wage Estimates
May 2021 National Industry-Specific Occupational Employment and Wage Estimates
May 2021 Occupation Profiles
Technical Notes
Last Modified Date: March 31, 2022
United States Department of Labor
