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Employment Projections

Customer service

Works with external customers (for example, clients, patients, and consumers); tasks involve providing information and assistance to customers, dealing with difficult people or situations, and convincing others to buy goods or services.

Other available formats: (XLSX)

Skills data by detailed occupation sorted by skills score, and 2025–35 employment projections (Employment in thousands)
2025 National Employment Matrix title 2025 National Employment Matrix code Skill score Employment, 2025 Employment, 2035 Employment change, numeric, 2025–35 Employment change, percent, 2025–35

Police and sheriff's patrol officers

33-3051 4.3 693.2 717.3 24.2 3.5

Opticians, dispensing

29-2081 4.3 74.3 77.4 3.1 4.2

Flight attendants

53-2031 4.3 133.7 145.5 11.8 8.8

Child, family, and school social workers

21-1021 4.3 405.1 422.9 17.8 4.4

Public safety telecommunicators

43-5031 4.3 105.6 109.5 3.9 3.7

First-line supervisors of police and detectives

33-1012 4.2 160.2 165.4 5.2 3.3

Sales representatives, wholesale and manufacturing, except technical and scientific products

41-4012 4.2 1,279.4 1,268.2 -11.2 -0.9

Animal control workers

33-9011 4.2 13.8 14.3 0.6 4.0

Emergency medicine physicians

29-1214 4.2 34.9 36.1 1.1 3.2

Retail salespersons

41-2031 4.2 3,998.1 3,984.1 -14.0 -0.3

Parts salespersons

41-2022 4.2 273.3 281.6 8.3 3.0

Hotel, motel, and resort desk clerks

43-4081 4.1 264.6 269.5 4.9 1.8

First-line supervisors of gambling services workers

39-1013 4.1 27.2 28.1 1.0 3.5

Advertising sales agents

41-3011 4.1 99.3 92.2 -7.1 -7.2

Counter and rental clerks

41-2021 4.1 409.4 421.9 12.4 3.0

Bicycle repairers

49-3091 4.1 12.2 11.5 -0.7 -5.7

Audiologists

29-1181 4.1 14.2 15.7 1.6 11.0

Reservation and transportation ticket agents and travel clerks

43-4181 4.1 120.1 123.1 3.0 2.5

Transit and railroad police

33-3052 4.1 4.4 4.5 0.1 3.2

Hearing aid specialists

29-2092 4.1 11.2 13.4 2.2 19.4

Fish and game wardens

33-3031 4.1 6.2 5.8 -0.4 -5.7

Sales managers

11-2022 4.0 650.1 679.1 29.0 4.5

Demonstrators and product promoters

41-9011 4.0 70.4 70.5 0.1 0.2

Funeral home managers

11-9171 4.0 34.8 36.2 1.4 4.1

Personal service managers, all other[1]

11-9179 4.0 25.5 27.1 1.6 6.2

Sales representatives of services, except advertising, insurance, financial services, and travel[1]

41-3091 4.0 1,272.7 1,306.7 33.9 2.7

Customer service representatives

43-4051 4.0 2,666.0 2,524.1 -141.8 -5.3

Detectives and criminal investigators

33-3021 4.0 120.5 120.7 0.2 0.2

Lodging managers

11-9081 4.0 54.8 56.9 2.1 3.8

Loan interviewers and clerks

43-4131 4.0 169.1 165.0 -4.1 -2.4

Social workers, all other[1]

21-1029 4.0 77.4 79.2 1.8 2.3

Veterinarians

29-1131 4.0 91.1 99.6 8.6 9.4

Pharmacy aides

31-9095 4.0 39.2 39.0 -0.3 -0.7

First-line supervisors of retail sales workers

41-1011 4.0 1,419.8 1,367.4 -52.5 -3.7

Insurance appraisers, auto damage

13-1032 4.0 13.5 12.4 -1.2 -8.7

Security guards

33-9032 4.0 1,294.3 1,305.6 11.3 0.9

First-line supervisors of protective service workers, all other[1]

33-1099 4.0 21.6 22.0 0.4 1.9

Gambling managers

11-9071 4.0 5.6 5.8 0.2 3.6

Dentists, general

29-1021 4.0 141.9 150.0 8.1 5.7

Real estate sales agents

41-9022 4.0 427.0 434.5 7.4 1.7

Insurance sales agents

41-3021 3.9 572.6 591.4 18.8 3.3

Dentists, all other specialists[1]

29-1029 3.9 5.8 5.9 0.1 1.3

Meeting, convention, and event planners

13-1121 3.9 172.1 182.1 10.0 5.8

Optometrists

29-1041 3.9 45.1 49.4 4.3 9.5

Chief executives

11-1011 3.9 291.6 300.9 9.3 3.2

Postmasters and mail superintendents

11-9131 3.9 13.3 13.2 0.0 -0.3

Baggage porters and bellhops

39-6011 3.9 29.2 28.4 -0.9 -3.0

Judges, magistrate judges, and magistrates

23-1023 3.9 25.3 26.0 0.7 2.8

Door-to-door sales workers, news and street vendors, and related workers

41-9091 3.9 50.9 45.6 -5.3 -10.4

Food service managers

11-9051 3.9 344.3 364.2 19.9 5.8

Morticians, undertakers, and funeral arrangers

39-4031 3.9 26.7 27.5 0.8 3.0

Oral and maxillofacial surgeons

29-1022 3.9 5.6 5.9 0.3 5.6

Claims adjusters, examiners, and investigators

13-1031 3.9 376.1 355.5 -20.6 -5.5

Sales and related workers, all other[1]

41-9099 3.9 115.3 116.6 1.3 1.1

Tellers

43-3071 3.9 339.2 294.5 -44.7 -13.2

Credit authorizers, checkers, and clerks

43-4041 3.9 12.2 11.3 -0.9 -7.4

Probation officers and correctional treatment specialists

21-1092 3.9 93.7 96.5 2.8 3.0

First-line supervisors of firefighting and prevention workers

33-1021 3.9 101.6 105.4 3.8 3.7

Information and record clerks, all other[1]

43-4199 3.9 143.1 144.3 1.2 0.8

Physical therapists

29-1123 3.9 283.7 317.6 33.8 11.9

Postal service clerks

43-5051 3.9 70.9 70.7 -0.2 -0.3

Telemarketers

41-9041 3.8 60.9 47.8 -13.0 -21.4

Amusement and recreation attendants

39-3091 3.8 408.4 423.6 15.2 3.7

Butchers and meat cutters

51-3021 3.8 138.4 141.7 3.3 2.4

Health education specialists

21-1091 3.8 70.4 74.4 3.9 5.6

Community health workers

21-1094 3.8 64.7 72.9 8.2 12.7

Ushers, lobby attendants, and ticket takers

39-3031 3.8 124.5 125.6 1.1 0.9

Community and social service specialists, all other[1]

21-1099 3.8 118.6 125.2 6.6 5.5

Nurse anesthetists

29-1151 3.8 54.5 59.8 5.3 9.7

Bartenders

35-3011 3.8 762.6 800.5 37.9 5.0

Embalmers

39-4011 3.8 3.9 4.0 0.0 0.7

Medical secretaries and administrative assistants

43-6013 3.8 979.0 1,026.1 47.1 4.8

Dental assistants

31-9091 3.8 388.6 417.4 28.8 7.4

Prosthodontists

29-1024 3.8 1.0 1.1 0.1 5.8

Interviewers, except eligibility and loan

43-4111 3.8 153.6 137.6 -16.0 -10.4

Automotive and watercraft service attendants

53-6031 3.8 102.4 106.3 3.9 3.8

Gambling change persons and booth cashiers

41-2012 3.8 22.0 21.6 -0.4 -1.9

Protective service workers, all other[1]

33-9099 3.8 82.1 84.6 2.4 3.0

Registered nurses

29-1141 3.8 3,465.4 3,660.1 194.7 5.6

Paramedics[1]

29-2043 3.8 102.2 108.0 5.8 5.7

Loan officers

13-2072 3.8 283.0 286.0 3.1 1.1

Phlebotomists

31-9097 3.8 143.9 153.7 9.8 6.8

Aircraft cargo handling supervisors

53-1041 3.8 9.7 10.6 0.9 9.2

Fire inspectors and investigators

33-2021 3.8 14.7 15.3 0.6 4.2

New accounts clerks

43-4141 3.8 37.9 35.5 -2.5 -6.5

Concierges

39-6012 3.8 50.2 51.5 1.3 2.6

Photographers

27-4021 3.8 145.0 144.0 -1.0 -0.7

Social and human service assistants

21-1093 3.8 463.4 497.6 34.2 7.4

Entertainment attendants and related workers, all other[1]

39-3099 3.8 7.2 7.5 0.3 4.0

Compliance officers

13-1041 3.8 436.4 453.1 16.7 3.8

Nurse midwives

29-1161 3.8 8.2 9.1 0.9 11.5

Hairdressers, hairstylists, and cosmetologists

39-5012 3.8 595.0 640.9 45.9 7.7

Educational, guidance, and career counselors and advisors

21-1012 3.8 389.5 400.9 11.4 2.9

First-line supervisors of entertainment and recreation workers, except gambling services[1]

39-1014 3.8 109.3 115.1 5.8 5.3

First-line supervisors of personal service workers

39-1022 3.8 122.5 130.2 7.7 6.3

Pharmacy technicians

29-2052 3.7 471.2 501.3 30.1 6.4

Property, real estate, and community association managers

11-9141 3.7 460.4 477.6 17.1 3.7

Physician assistants

29-1071 3.7 168.9 204.6 35.7 21.1

Entertainment and recreation managers, except gambling

11-9072 3.7 43.9 46.5 2.7 6.0

First-line supervisors of security workers

33-1091 3.7 82.7 85.7 3.0 3.7

Dispatchers, except police, fire, and ambulance

43-5032 3.7 203.5 202.1 -1.5 -0.7

Education and childcare administrators, preschool and daycare

11-9031 3.7 91.9 89.0 -2.9 -3.1

Correctional officers and jailers

33-3012 3.7 397.8 368.2 -29.5 -7.4

Fundraisers

13-1131 3.7 140.9 148.7 7.8 5.5

Ophthalmologists, except pediatric

29-1241 3.7 9.7 10.2 0.4 4.5

Orthopedic surgeons, except pediatric[1]

29-1242 3.7 15.5 16.1 0.6 4.0

Pediatric surgeons[1]

29-1243 3.7 1.3 1.3 0.0 2.0

Surgeons, all other[1]

29-1249 3.7 27.5 28.6 1.1 4.0

Administrative law judges, adjudicators, and hearing officers

23-1021 3.7 17.4 17.4 0.0 0.0

Gambling cage workers

43-3041 3.7 15.0 14.6 -0.5 -3.1

Substance abuse, behavioral disorder, and mental health counselors

21-1018 3.7 533.4 631.4 98.0 18.4

Firefighters

33-2011 3.7 355.3 368.4 13.1 3.7

Orthodontists

29-1023 3.7 7.1 7.5 0.4 6.0

Nuclear medicine technologists

29-2033 3.7 17.4 18.2 0.8 4.4

Healthcare social workers

21-1022 3.7 194.8 211.3 16.5 8.5

Counselors, all other[1]

21-1019 3.7 49.8 52.7 2.9 5.9

Tax examiners and collectors, and revenue agents

13-2081 3.7 60.1 59.5 -0.6 -1.0

Travel agents

41-3041 3.7 61.5 61.7 0.1 0.2

Podiatrists

29-1081 3.7 10.0 10.2 0.2 2.0

Home appliance repairers

49-9031 3.7 40.5 41.3 0.8 1.9

Healthcare diagnosing or treating practitioners, all other[1]

29-1299 3.7 39.6 41.8 2.2 5.5

Education administrators, kindergarten through secondary

11-9032 3.7 343.8 342.7 -1.2 -0.3

Nurse practitioners

29-1171 3.7 336.3 474.1 137.8 41.0

Veterinary assistants and laboratory animal caretakers

31-9096 3.7 132.1 144.2 12.0 9.1

Skincare specialists

39-5094 3.7 104.2 113.3 9.1 8.8

Real estate brokers

41-9021 3.7 103.5 104.3 0.8 0.8

Family medicine physicians

29-1215 3.7 114.3 118.0 3.7 3.3

Public relations managers[1]

11-2032 3.7 80.8 85.4 4.6 5.7

Public relations specialists

27-3031 3.7 314.5 320.2 5.7 1.8

First-line supervisors of correctional officers

33-1011 3.7 56.3 54.8 -1.4 -2.5

Switchboard operators, including answering service

43-2011 3.7 35.4 26.2 -9.2 -26.0

Dietetic technicians

29-2051 3.7 32.1 32.9 0.9 2.7

Social and community service managers

11-9151 3.7 231.0 247.7 16.6 7.2

Communications equipment operators, all other[1]

43-2099 3.7 1.2 1.3 0.0 1.0

Transportation security screeners

33-9093 3.6 53.5 51.2 -2.2 -4.2

Physical therapist assistants

31-2021 3.6 114.1 140.4 26.2 23.0

Forest fire inspectors and prevention specialists

33-2022 3.6 3.0 3.4 0.4 13.1

First-line supervisors of food preparation and serving workers

35-1012 3.6 1,236.4 1,303.5 67.1 5.4

Fast food and counter workers

35-3023 3.6 3,855.9 4,079.1 223.3 5.8

Telecommunications line installers and repairers

49-9052 3.6 103.4 99.9 -3.5 -3.4

Healthcare support workers, all other[1]

31-9099 3.6 113.9 119.4 5.5 4.8

Medical and health services managers

11-9111 3.6 640.4 795.5 155.1 24.2

Telephone operators

43-2021 3.6 3.5 2.5 -1.0 -27.6

Airfield operations specialists

53-2022 3.6 15.3 16.5 1.2 7.8

Medical assistants

31-9092 3.6 833.9 941.5 107.6 12.9

Gambling dealers

39-3011 3.6 88.9 91.9 3.0 3.4

Pharmacists

29-1051 3.6 325.2 342.3 17.1 5.2

Recreational therapists

29-1125 3.6 15.6 16.3 0.8 4.8

Receptionists and information clerks

43-4171 3.6 947.5 931.6 -16.0 -1.7

Bailiffs

33-3011 3.6 18.0 17.7 -0.3 -1.9

Orthotists and prosthetists

29-2091 3.6 9.5 10.7 1.2 12.9

Gambling service workers, all other[1]

39-3019 3.6 15.3 15.9 0.6 4.2

Human resources managers

11-3121 3.6 224.9 237.4 12.5 5.5

Subway and streetcar operators

53-4041 3.6 10.5 10.9 0.4 3.7

Elementary school teachers, except special education

25-2021 3.6 1,419.3 1,413.4 -5.8 -0.4

Highway maintenance workers

47-4051 3.6 161.8 167.3 5.5 3.4

First-line supervisors of non-retail sales workers

41-1012 3.6 311.9 313.6 1.7 0.5

Floral designers

27-1023 3.6 45.2 42.7 -2.5 -5.6

Securities, commodities, and financial services sales agents

41-3031 3.6 531.0 538.5 7.5 1.4

Parking enforcement workers

33-3041 3.6 9.4 9.3 -0.1 -1.1

Rehabilitation counselors

21-1015 3.6 96.9 99.0 2.2 2.2

Exercise trainers and group fitness instructors

39-9031 3.6 388.4 416.9 28.5 7.3

Ophthalmic medical technicians

29-2057 3.6 72.5 88.0 15.5 21.4

Residential advisors

39-9041 3.6 94.1 97.4 3.3 3.5

Dermatologists

29-1213 3.6 12.2 13.0 0.8 6.8

Psychiatrists

29-1223 3.6 30.0 32.1 2.1 7.2

First-line supervisors of landscaping, lawn service, and groundskeeping workers

37-1012 3.6 243.3 253.0 9.7 4.0

Driver/sales workers

53-3031 3.6 442.9 478.1 35.2 7.9

Court, municipal, and license clerks

43-4031 3.6 187.0 193.3 6.3 3.4

Shuttle drivers and chauffeurs

53-3053 3.6 251.5 269.4 17.9 7.1

Taxi drivers[1]

53-3054 3.6 204.2 227.7 23.5 11.5

Pediatricians, general

29-1221 3.6 42.2 42.9 0.6 1.5

Locksmiths and safe repairers

49-9094 3.6 18.7 16.5 -2.2 -11.7

Hosts and hostesses, restaurant, lounge, and coffee shop

35-9031 3.6 444.2 459.5 15.3 3.4

Dining room and cafeteria attendants and bartender helpers

35-9011 3.6 546.6 575.5 28.9 5.3

General and operations managers

11-1021 3.6 3,599.0 3,780.3 181.3 5.0

Diagnostic medical sonographers

29-2032 3.6 92.2 105.1 12.9 13.9

Education administrators, all other[1]

11-9039 3.6 62.0 63.0 1.0 1.6

Nursing instructors and teachers, postsecondary

25-1072 3.6 96.1 112.6 16.5 17.1

Exercise physiologists

29-1128 3.6 21.2 23.9 2.7 12.8

Radiologic technologists and technicians

29-2034 3.6 234.2 246.0 11.8 5.0

Lawyers

23-1011 3.5 863.7 904.3 40.6 4.7

Sales engineers

41-9031 3.5 51.6 53.0 1.4 2.8

Veterinary technologists and technicians

29-2056 3.5 131.4 143.8 12.3 9.4

Telecommunications equipment installers and repairers, except line installers

49-2022 3.5 143.1 138.4 -4.7 -3.3

Advertising and promotions managers

11-2011 3.5 33.2 31.9 -1.2 -3.7

Chefs and head cooks

35-1011 3.5 220.3 234.7 14.4 6.6

Radiation therapists

29-1124 3.5 17.4 17.9 0.5 2.8

Mental health and substance abuse social workers

21-1023 3.5 138.9 153.2 14.3 10.3

Interior designers

27-1025 3.5 97.1 99.7 2.6 2.7

Obstetricians and gynecologists

29-1218 3.5 22.8 23.2 0.4 1.7

Emergency management directors

11-9161 3.5 14.0 14.5 0.5 3.9

Special education teachers, secondary school

25-2058 3.5 164.8 164.5 -0.4 -0.2

Marketing managers

11-2021 3.5 421.6 450.8 29.1 6.9

Emergency medical technicians[1]

29-2042 3.5 181.9 192.5 10.6 5.8

Ambulance drivers and attendants, except emergency medical technicians

53-3011 3.5 14.3 14.1 -0.2 -1.3

Magnetic resonance imaging technologists

29-2035 3.5 43.9 47.3 3.4 7.7

Physicians, all other[1]

29-1229 3.5 367.4 380.1 12.6 3.4

Marriage and family therapists

21-1013 3.5 76.3 86.6 10.3 13.5

Dental hygienists

29-1292 3.5 225.3 243.2 17.9 8.0

Therapists, all other[1]

29-1129 3.5 56.1 63.2 7.1 12.6

Farm and home management educators

25-9021 3.5 9.7 9.4 -0.3 -3.2

Photographic process workers and processing machine operators

51-9151 3.5 5.3 5.0 -0.3 -5.6

Urban and regional planners

19-3051 3.5 45.8 47.6 1.8 3.9

Librarians and media collections specialists

25-4022 3.5 142.3 145.9 3.6 2.6

Chiropractors

29-1011 3.5 61.7 67.0 5.3 8.7

Respiratory therapists

29-1126 3.5 142.0 154.2 12.1 8.5

Occupational therapy assistants

31-2011 3.5 52.2 63.4 11.2 21.5

Construction and building inspectors

47-4011 3.5 153.9 153.9 0.0 0.0

Tire repairers and changers

49-3093 3.5 112.2 116.0 3.8 3.4

Cardiovascular technologists and technicians

29-2031 3.5 64.5 66.9 2.4 3.7

Animal trainers

39-2011 3.5 47.8 49.7 2.0 4.2

Manufactured building and mobile home installers

49-9095 3.5 3.5 3.7 0.2 5.8

Bus drivers, transit and intercity

53-3052 3.5 166.4 173.3 6.9 4.1

Fundraising managers

11-2033 3.5 48.8 51.4 2.6 5.4

Project management specialists[1]

13-1082 3.5 1,094.3 1,167.4 73.2 6.7

Gambling and sports book writers and runners

39-3012 3.5 9.6 9.8 0.2 1.8

Air traffic controllers

53-2021 3.5 24.0 24.4 0.4 1.7

Neurologists

29-1217 3.5 11.4 12.1 0.7 6.4

Credit counselors

13-2071 3.5 31.2 32.3 1.0 3.3

Recreation workers

39-9032 3.5 346.9 361.9 15.0 4.3

Surgical assistants

29-9093 3.5 24.4 25.9 1.5 6.1

Occupational therapy aides

31-2012 3.5 4.4 4.6 0.2 3.6

Sales representatives, wholesale and manufacturing, technical and scientific products

41-4011 3.5 292.0 295.5 3.5 1.2

Cashiers

41-2011 3.5 3,106.3 2,905.7 -200.6 -6.5

Jewelers and precious stone and metal workers

51-9071 3.4 32.8 31.8 -1.1 -3.2

Managers, all other[1]

11-9199 3.4 1,338.8 1,404.4 65.6 4.9

Pesticide handlers, sprayers, and applicators, vegetation

37-3012 3.4 25.7 26.7 1.0 3.9

Transportation, storage, and distribution managers

11-3071 3.4 228.1 242.1 14.0 6.1

Pest control workers

37-2021 3.4 108.7 114.7 6.0 5.5

Career/technical education teachers, secondary school

25-2032 3.4 110.5 110.1 -0.4 -0.4

Medical equipment preparers

31-9093 3.4 79.9 88.6 8.7 10.8

Facilities managers

11-3013 3.4 165.9 173.5 7.6 4.6

Clergy

21-2011 3.4 242.0 247.8 5.7 2.4

Merchandise displayers and window trimmers

27-1026 3.4 164.8 169.2 4.4 2.7

Lifeguards, ski patrol, and other recreational protective service workers

33-9092 3.4 162.0 170.8 8.9 5.5

Human resources assistants, except payroll and timekeeping

43-4161 3.4 96.5 90.5 -6.0 -6.2

Food servers, nonrestaurant

35-3041 3.4 296.3 309.6 13.3 4.5

Eligibility interviewers, government programs

43-4061 3.4 162.8 165.3 2.6 1.6

Administrative services managers

11-3012 3.4 279.0 293.3 14.4 5.2

Miscellaneous construction and related workers[1]

47-4090 3.4 29.5 30.6 1.1 3.9

Health technologists and technicians, all other[1]

29-2099 3.4 185.6 196.4 10.9 5.9

Bill and account collectors

43-3011 3.4 160.2 143.4 -16.7 -10.4

First-line supervisors of office and administrative support workers

43-1011 3.4 1,506.1 1,507.0 0.9 0.1

Special education teachers, middle school

25-2057 3.4 94.8 94.4 -0.4 -0.4

Meter readers, utilities

43-5041 3.4 19.7 17.6 -2.1 -10.5

Management analysts

13-1111 3.4 1,077.1 1,186.3 109.2 10.1

Physical therapist aides

31-2022 3.4 49.0 51.0 2.0 4.0

Waiters and waitresses

35-3031 3.4 2,284.4 2,330.9 46.5 2.0

Business operations specialists, all other[1]

13-1199 3.4 1,157.6 1,202.3 44.7 3.9

Orderlies

31-1132 3.4 52.8 54.9 2.1 4.0

Acupuncturists

29-1291 3.4 14.8 16.0 1.3 8.6

Cardiologists[1]

29-1212 3.4 18.5 19.4 0.9 4.8

General internal medicine physicians

29-1216 3.4 73.1 76.0 2.9 4.0

First-line supervisors of housekeeping and janitorial workers

37-1011 3.4 265.2 273.6 8.4 3.2

Purchasing managers

11-3061 3.3 88.3 91.8 3.5 4.0

Motorboat operators

53-5022 3.3 2.8 2.9 0.1 4.9

Licensed practical and licensed vocational nurses

29-2061 3.3 666.9 686.7 19.7 3.0

Order clerks

43-4151 3.3 78.9 65.1 -13.8 -17.5

Septic tank servicers and sewer pipe cleaners

47-4071 3.3 31.9 34.4 2.5 7.8

Media and communication workers, all other[1]

27-3099 3.3 25.5 26.5 1.0 3.9

Audiovisual equipment installers and repairers

49-2097 3.3 22.4 23.4 1.1 4.8

Writers and authors

27-3043 3.3 140.3 139.9 -0.5 -0.3

Human resources specialists

13-1071 3.3 939.7 999.7 60.1 6.4

Private detectives and investigators

33-9021 3.3 39.5 41.7 2.2 5.5

Electronic equipment installers and repairers, motor vehicles

49-2096 3.3 8.6 7.4 -1.3 -14.5

Insurance underwriters

13-2053 3.3 125.6 120.8 -4.8 -3.8

Radiologists

29-1224 3.3 28.7 29.6 1.0 3.4

First-line supervisors of construction trades and extraction workers

47-1011 3.3 913.3 959.4 46.1 5.0

Construction managers

11-9021 3.3 609.1 664.3 55.2 9.1

Transportation workers, all other[1]

53-6099 3.3 13.7 14.3 0.5 4.0

Elevator and escalator installers and repairers

47-4021 3.3 24.7 26.1 1.4 5.7

Agents and business managers of artists, performers, and athletes

13-1011 3.3 26.9 29.5 2.6 9.7

Religious workers, all other[1]

21-2099 3.3 113.3 115.0 1.7 1.5

Nursing assistants

31-1131 3.3 1,505.9 1,544.9 39.0 2.6

Animal caretakers

39-2021 3.3 365.3 409.4 44.1 12.1

Financial managers

11-3031 3.3 879.7 964.6 84.9 9.7

Massage therapists

31-9011 3.3 155.4 179.1 23.7 15.3

Tour and travel guides

39-7010 3.3 62.2 66.1 3.9 6.3

Personal care and service workers, all other[1]

39-9099 3.3 94.6 100.2 5.6 5.9

Locker room, coatroom, and dressing room attendants

39-3093 3.3 16.0 17.1 1.0 6.4

Word processors and typists

43-9022 3.3 40.4 26.5 -13.9 -34.4

Logisticians

13-1081 3.3 255.1 300.0 44.9 17.6

Athletic trainers

29-9091 3.3 35.2 39.6 4.4 12.7

Psychiatric aides

31-1133 3.3 36.9 37.6 0.7 1.9

Shampooers

39-5093 3.3 15.4 16.2 0.9 5.6

Education administrators, postsecondary

11-9033 3.3 231.8 235.9 4.1 1.8

Parking attendants

53-6021 3.3 139.2 142.0 2.8 2.0

Occupational therapists

29-1122 3.3 169.6 194.8 25.2 14.8

Postal service mail carriers

43-5052 3.3 316.4 315.5 -0.9 -0.3

Media and communication equipment workers, all other[1]

27-4099 3.3 14.0 14.3 0.2 1.6

Career/technical education teachers, middle school

25-2023 3.3 16.6 16.6 -0.1 -0.5

First-line supervisors of transportation and material moving workers, except aircraft cargo handling supervisors[1]

53-1047 3.3 621.5 640.3 18.8 3.0

File clerks

43-4071 3.3 76.2 64.2 -12.0 -15.8

Buyers and purchasing agents

13-1020 3.3 516.1 547.0 30.8 6.0

Dietitians and nutritionists

29-1031 3.3 86.3 93.0 6.7 7.7

Barbers

39-5011 3.3 75.8 78.3 2.5 3.3

Financial and investment analysts[1]

13-2051 3.3 377.2 404.3 27.1 7.2

Personal financial advisors

13-2052 3.3 299.4 303.5 4.1 1.4

Secondary school teachers, except special and career/technical education

25-2031 3.2 1,087.5 1,085.0 -2.5 -0.2

Motorcycle mechanics

49-3052 3.2 14.2 14.5 0.3 2.1

Clinical and counseling psychologists

19-3033 3.2 81.3 90.9 9.5 11.7

Special education teachers, all other[1]

25-2059 3.2 34.8 35.5 0.7 1.9

Motorboat mechanics and service technicians

49-3051 3.2 25.0 26.2 1.2 4.9

Producers and directors

27-2012 3.2 181.0 188.3 7.3 4.0

Athletes and sports competitors

27-2021 3.2 22.9 24.1 1.3 5.5

Forensic science technicians

19-4092 3.2 20.1 22.8 2.7 13.3

Market research analysts and marketing specialists

13-1161 3.2 952.7 1,019.0 66.3 7.0

Forest and conservation technicians

19-4071 3.2 32.8 32.2 -0.7 -2.1

Security and fire alarm systems installers

49-2098 3.2 86.3 92.1 5.9 6.8

Library technicians

25-4031 3.2 72.8 68.1 -4.6 -6.4

Home health and personal care aides

31-1120 3.2 4,677.1 5,524.4 847.3 18.1

Computer, automated teller, and office machine repairers

49-2011 3.2 72.1 69.9 -2.1 -3.0

Tutors

25-3041 3.2 208.4 208.0 -0.5 -0.2

Agricultural inspectors

45-2011 3.2 17.8 18.2 0.4 2.3

Zoologists and wildlife biologists

19-1023 3.2 19.5 20.2 0.7 3.6

Library assistants, clerical

43-4121 3.2 89.5 83.8 -5.7 -6.4

Kindergarten teachers, except special education

25-2012 3.2 111.2 110.9 -0.3 -0.3

Architectural and engineering managers

11-9041 3.2 220.9 233.1 12.2 5.5

Recreation and fitness studies teachers, postsecondary

25-1193 3.2 15.2 15.6 0.3 2.2

Speech-language pathologists

29-1127 3.2 193.4 225.5 32.1 16.6

Stockers and order fillers

53-7065 3.2 2,804.3 3,055.0 250.7 8.9

Architects, except landscape and naval

17-1011 3.2 124.6 129.9 5.3 4.3

Psychiatric technicians

29-2053 3.2 161.5 197.5 36.0 22.3

Genetic counselors

29-9092 3.2 4.2 4.6 0.4 10.4

Training and development specialists

13-1151 3.2 472.5 523.7 51.1 10.8

Crematory operators[1]

39-4012 3.2 3.0 3.1 0.1 3.1

Funeral attendants

39-4021 3.2 31.3 32.1 0.8 2.6

Environmental engineers

17-2081 3.2 39.1 41.6 2.4 6.3

Surveyors

17-1022 3.2 52.0 55.0 3.0 5.8

Lighting technicians[1]

27-4015 3.2 9.9 9.4 -0.5 -4.8

Electricians

47-2111 3.2 821.0 896.9 75.9 9.2

Coaches and scouts

27-2022 3.2 298.8 316.9 18.1 6.1

Foresters

19-1032 3.2 13.2 13.5 0.3 2.2

News analysts, reporters, and journalists

27-3023 3.1 47.1 44.3 -2.8 -5.9

Criminal justice and law enforcement teachers, postsecondary

25-1111 3.1 15.7 15.9 0.2 1.5

Career/technical education teachers, postsecondary

25-1194 3.1 123.1 122.7 -0.4 -0.3

Shipping, receiving, and inventory clerks

43-5071 3.1 827.7 765.0 -62.8 -7.6

Anesthesiologists

29-1211 3.1 41.5 43.0 1.5 3.6

Commercial pilots

53-2012 3.1 50.4 53.0 2.6 5.2

Environmental science and protection technicians, including health

19-4042 3.1 36.4 38.9 2.5 6.9

Occupational health and safety specialists

19-5011 3.1 143.1 169.6 26.4 18.5

Automotive service technicians and mechanics

49-3023 3.1 825.8 866.7 40.9 5.0

Mechanical door repairers

49-9011 3.1 28.4 30.3 1.8 6.4

Designers, all other[1]

27-1029 3.1 29.5 29.9 0.4 1.2

Roofers

47-2181 3.1 166.9 175.6 8.8 5.3

Coin, vending, and amusement machine servicers and repairers

49-9091 3.1 34.7 33.5 -1.2 -3.4

Directors, religious activities and education

21-2021 3.1 141.9 146.6 4.7 3.3

Cargo and freight agents

43-5011 3.1 100.3 106.4 6.2 6.2

Instructional coordinators

25-9031 3.1 248.7 252.8 4.1 1.6

Crossing guards and flaggers

33-9091 3.1 94.8 98.1 3.3 3.5

Childcare workers

39-9011 3.1 1,010.3 990.4 -19.9 -2.0

Correspondence clerks

43-4021 3.1 4.8 4.5 -0.3 -5.6

Landscape architects

17-1012 3.1 23.5 24.5 1.0 4.4

Sheet metal workers

47-2211 3.1 131.1 134.4 3.3 2.5

Musical instrument repairers and tuners

49-9063 3.1 6.0 6.1 0.1 1.9

Curators

25-4012 3.1 14.2 14.9 0.7 4.9

Music directors and composers

27-2041 3.1 51.1 51.7 0.6 1.2

Interpreters and translators

27-3091 3.1 73.9 75.4 1.5 2.0

Motor vehicle operators, all other[1]

53-3099 3.1 54.5 56.0 1.5 2.8

Brokerage clerks

43-4011 3.1 36.9 34.1 -2.8 -7.6

Environmental scientists and specialists, including health

19-2041 3.1 93.4 99.2 5.7 6.1

Surgical technologists

29-2055 3.1 118.4 124.3 5.9 5.0

Dancers

27-2031 3.1 13.8 14.1 0.3 2.2

Disc jockeys, except radio[1]

27-2091 3.1 16.9 17.6 0.6 3.8

Broadcast announcers and radio disc jockeys

27-3011 3.1 21.8 20.2 -1.7 -7.6

Heating, air conditioning, and refrigeration mechanics and installers

49-9021 3.1 440.9 489.1 48.2 10.9

Secretaries and administrative assistants, except legal, medical, and executive

43-6014 3.1 1,889.8 1,775.7 -114.1 -6.0

Occupational health and safety technicians

19-5012 3.1 31.2 37.2 6.1 19.4

Solar photovoltaic installers

47-2231 3.1 31.1 42.4 11.3 36.5

Psychologists, all other[1]

19-3039 3.1 60.0 61.4 1.4 2.3

Financial specialists, all other[1]

13-2099 3.1 137.8 143.4 5.6 4.1

Automotive glass installers and repairers

49-3022 3.1 22.6 23.9 1.3 5.7

Watch and clock repairers

49-9064 3.1 1.4 1.4 0.0 -0.3

Light truck drivers

53-3033 3.1 1,068.5 1,136.4 67.8 6.3

Financial clerks, all other[1]

43-3099 3.1 38.5 38.5 0.0 0.0

Labor relations specialists

13-1075 3.1 66.3 67.7 1.4 2.1

Food preparation and serving related workers, all other[1]

35-9099 3.1 85.1 89.7 4.7 5.5

Healthcare practitioners and technical workers, all other[1]

29-9099 3.1 39.1 41.0 2.0 5.1

Health and safety engineers, except mining safety engineers and inspectors

17-2111 3.1 22.3 23.5 1.2 5.4

Archivists

25-4011 3.1 10.3 10.6 0.3 3.4

Special education teachers, kindergarten and elementary school[1]

25-2052 3.1 259.1 258.1 -0.9 -0.4

Editors

27-3041 3.1 105.0 103.8 -1.1 -1.1

Social scientists and related workers, all other[1]

19-3099 3.1 41.5 41.4 -0.1 -0.2

Farm equipment mechanics and service technicians

49-3041 3.1 41.9 46.4 4.5 10.7

Choreographers

27-2032 3.0 4.7 4.9 0.1 3.1

Cooks, fast food

35-2011 3.0 640.5 644.1 3.6 0.6

Animal scientists

19-1011 3.0 3.4 3.6 0.2 5.8

Operating engineers and other construction equipment operators

47-2073 3.0 489.5 511.8 22.3 4.6

Painters, construction and maintenance

47-2141 3.0 326.9 336.7 9.8 3.0

Computer and information systems managers

11-3021 3.0 685.8 793.9 108.1 15.8

Conservation scientists

19-1031 3.0 27.7 29.2 1.5 5.3

Entertainers and performers, sports and related workers, all other[1]

27-2099 3.0 43.7 45.8 2.1 4.7

Insurance claims and policy processing clerks

43-9041 3.0 239.1 234.7 -4.4 -1.9

Health specialties teachers, postsecondary

25-1071 3.0 278.4 328.3 49.9 17.9

Bookkeeping, accounting, and auditing clerks

43-3031 3.0 1,532.4 1,446.8 -85.6 -5.6

Radio, cellular, and tower equipment installers and repairers

49-2021 3.0 11.3 11.4 0.1 1.2

Social work teachers, postsecondary

25-1113 3.0 16.0 16.4 0.4 2.6

Court reporters and simultaneous captioners

27-3092 3.0 19.9 19.9 0.0 -0.1

Maintenance and repair workers, general

49-9071 3.0 1,621.8 1,690.5 68.6 4.2

Captains, mates, and pilots of water vessels

53-5021 3.0 41.3 42.9 1.7 4.0

Makeup artists, theatrical and performance

39-5091 3.0 4.3 4.6 0.3 6.1

Actors

27-2011 3.0 67.5 67.5 0.0 0.0

Meat, poultry, and fish cutters and trimmers

51-3022 3.0 149.8 158.3 8.5 5.7

Office clerks, general

43-9061 3.0 2,600.0 2,443.7 -156.2 -6.0

Fence erectors

47-4031 3.0 30.6 32.3 1.7 5.6

Electrical power-line installers and repairers

49-9051 3.0 131.9 145.5 13.6 10.3

Communications teachers, postsecondary

25-1122 3.0 35.8 36.5 0.8 2.1

Office and administrative support workers, all other[1]

43-9199 3.0 231.1 214.1 -17.0 -7.3

Tailors, dressmakers, and custom sewers

51-6052 3.0 33.2 30.3 -2.9 -8.8

Historians

19-3093 3.0 3.8 3.9 0.1 3.0

Helpers--electricians

47-3013 3.0 65.0 65.4 0.4 0.6

Executive secretaries and executive administrative assistants

43-6011 3.0 489.3 489.2 -0.1 0.0

Tax preparers

13-2082 3.0 95.8 100.3 4.5 4.7

Medical appliance technicians

51-9082 3.0 11.3 11.7 0.4 3.5

Legal secretaries and administrative assistants

43-6012 3.0 157.6 149.3 -8.3 -5.2

Middle school teachers, except special and career/technical education

25-2022 3.0 630.1 627.4 -2.6 -0.4

Floor sanders and finishers

47-2043 3.0 4.7 4.7 0.1 1.4

Hazardous materials removal workers

47-4041 3.0 52.7 53.5 0.8 1.5

Audio and video technicians

27-4011 3.0 87.6 91.1 3.4 3.9

Stonemasons

47-2022 3.0 9.3 8.8 -0.5 -5.4

Civil engineers

17-2051 3.0 380.6 405.1 24.5 6.4

Cooks, private household

35-2013 3.0 35.4 37.2 1.8 5.1

Mail clerks and mail machine operators, except postal service

43-9051 3.0 57.8 53.6 -4.1 -7.2

Library science teachers, postsecondary

25-1082 3.0 4.5 4.6 0.1 2.7

First-line supervisors of production and operating workers

51-1011 3.0 679.9 692.3 12.4 1.8

Control and valve installers and repairers, except mechanical door

49-9012 3.0 50.4 52.6 2.2 4.3

Cooks, institution and cafeteria

35-2012 3.0 454.0 466.6 12.6 2.8

First-line supervisors of mechanics, installers, and repairers

49-1011 3.0 629.0 654.5 25.5 4.1

Civil engineering technologists and technicians

17-3022 3.0 70.9 73.2 2.3 3.2

Art, drama, and music teachers, postsecondary

25-1121 3.0 116.9 119.5 2.6 2.2

Helpers--pipelayers, plumbers, pipefitters, and steamfitters

47-3015 3.0 45.3 46.4 1.1 2.4

Film and video editors

27-4032 2.9 39.4 40.8 1.5 3.7

Preschool teachers, except special education

25-2011 2.9 583.2 609.4 26.2 4.5

Heavy and tractor-trailer truck drivers

53-3032 2.9 2,221.2 2,305.0 83.8 3.8

Accountants and auditors

13-2011 2.9 1,595.2 1,674.6 79.4 5.0

Maids and housekeeping cleaners

37-2012 2.9 1,332.1 1,339.5 7.4 0.6

Couriers and messengers

43-5021 2.9 228.9 247.1 18.2 8.0

Outdoor power equipment and other small engine mechanics

49-3053 2.9 38.3 39.2 0.9 2.3

Camera operators, television, video, and film

27-4031 2.9 32.6 33.0 0.4 1.3

Glaziers

47-2121 2.9 59.2 60.3 1.1 1.9

Farmers, ranchers, and other agricultural managers

11-9013 2.9 788.7 762.2 -26.5 -3.4

Business teachers, postsecondary

25-1011 2.9 103.6 109.7 6.1 5.9

Passenger attendants

53-6061 2.9 27.2 28.9 1.6 6.0

Carpenters

47-2031 2.9 889.7 924.7 35.0 3.9

Postsecondary teachers, all other[1]

25-1199 2.9 183.2 186.8 3.6 2.0

Compensation and benefits managers

11-3111 2.9 23.7 24.0 0.3 1.1

Helpers--roofers

47-3016 2.9 6.1 6.1 0.0 -0.1

Riggers

49-9096 2.9 22.5 23.4 0.9 3.9

Traffic technicians

53-6041 2.9 8.1 8.4 0.3 4.0

Transportation inspectors

53-6051 2.9 25.1 25.6 0.6 2.2

Clinical laboratory technologists and technicians

29-2010 2.9 343.0 352.4 9.4 2.7

Computer science teachers, postsecondary

25-1021 2.9 43.9 46.1 2.2 4.9

Carpet installers

47-2041 2.9 17.4 14.5 -2.8 -16.4

Industrial production managers

11-3051 2.9 252.1 258.6 6.5 2.6

Industrial-organizational psychologists

19-3032 2.9 4.0 4.3 0.3 6.5

Water and wastewater treatment plant and system operators

51-8031 2.9 131.0 123.5 -7.5 -5.7

Ophthalmic laboratory technicians

51-9083 2.9 18.6 19.0 0.4 2.2

School psychologists

19-3034 2.9 64.0 64.5 0.5 0.8

Agricultural sciences teachers, postsecondary

25-1041 2.9 10.9 11.2 0.3 2.9

Airline pilots, copilots, and flight engineers

53-2011 2.9 104.6 113.3 8.7 8.3

Craft artists

27-1012 2.9 11.5 11.8 0.2 2.0

Sound engineering technicians

27-4014 2.9 15.0 14.6 -0.5 -3.1

Education teachers, postsecondary

25-1081 2.9 77.2 79.2 1.9 2.5

Installation, maintenance, and repair workers, all other[1]

49-9099 2.9 205.2 210.6 5.4 2.6

Industrial engineers

17-2112 2.9 365.1 410.6 45.4 12.4

Graphic designers

27-1024 2.9 253.1 248.8 -4.2 -1.7

Atmospheric, earth, marine, and space sciences teachers, postsecondary

25-1051 2.9 12.0 12.3 0.3 2.4

Office machine operators, except computer

43-9071 2.9 25.8 21.9 -3.8 -14.9

School bus monitors[1]

33-9094 2.9 76.7 75.3 -1.4 -1.9

Bus drivers, school

53-3051 2.9 396.8 399.7 2.9 0.7

Soil and plant scientists

19-1013 2.9 19.9 21.3 1.3 6.7

Survey researchers

19-3022 2.9 9.8 9.3 -0.5 -4.8

Psychology teachers, postsecondary

25-1066 2.9 52.3 54.4 2.1 4.0

Family and consumer sciences teachers, postsecondary

25-1192 2.9 3.4 3.5 0.1 2.4

Teaching assistants, except postsecondary[1]

25-9045 2.9 1,463.0 1,458.0 -4.9 -0.3

Self-enrichment teachers

25-3021 2.8 419.1 433.7 14.6 3.5

Insulation workers, mechanical

47-2132 2.8 26.7 28.1 1.4 5.1

Explosives workers, ordnance handling experts, and blasters

47-5032 2.8 5.2 5.2 0.0 0.0

Compensation, benefits, and job analysis specialists

13-1141 2.8 118.1 125.2 7.1 6.0

Service unit operators, oil and gas

47-5013 2.8 43.8 44.3 0.5 1.1

Educational instruction and library workers, all other[1]

25-9099 2.8 136.8 139.3 2.5 1.8

Material moving workers, all other[1]

53-7199 2.8 27.8 28.6 0.8 2.7

Environmental engineering technologists and technicians

17-3025 2.8 12.5 12.9 0.4 3.1

Construction laborers

47-2061 2.8 1,489.3 1,598.6 109.3 7.3

Property appraisers and assessors

13-2020 2.8 68.4 70.7 2.4 3.5

Adult basic education, adult secondary education, and english as a second language instructors

25-3011 2.8 41.1 35.4 -5.7 -13.9

Recreational vehicle service technicians

49-3092 2.8 17.5 19.2 1.7 9.7

Gambling surveillance officers and gambling investigators

33-9031 2.8 9.8 9.6 -0.2 -1.8

Area, ethnic, and cultural studies teachers, postsecondary

25-1062 2.8 14.3 14.7 0.4 2.7

Insulation workers, floor, ceiling, and wall

47-2131 2.8 45.1 46.2 1.1 2.4

Helpers, construction trades, all other[1]

47-3019 2.8 25.2 24.9 -0.3 -1.0

Locomotive engineers

53-4011 2.8 27.4 27.6 0.1 0.5

Tree trimmers and pruners

37-3013 2.8 70.6 73.6 3.0 4.2

Cartographers and photogrammetrists

17-1021 2.8 14.7 15.7 1.1 7.4

Physics teachers, postsecondary

25-1054 2.8 16.4 16.8 0.4 2.4

Political science teachers, postsecondary

25-1065 2.8 21.5 22.0 0.5 2.5

Cement masons and concrete finishers

47-2051 2.8 204.8 208.1 3.3 1.6

Commercial and industrial designers

27-1021 2.8 35.4 36.3 0.9 2.4

Floor layers, except carpet, wood, and hard tiles

47-2042 2.8 29.8 32.4 2.7 9.0

Plumbers, pipefitters, and steamfitters

47-2152 2.8 510.6 545.2 34.5 6.8

Rail transportation workers, all other[1]

53-4099 2.8 1.1 1.2 0.1 4.4

Procurement clerks

43-3061 2.8 56.9 52.3 -4.6 -8.1

Forestry and conservation science teachers, postsecondary

25-1043 2.8 1.8 1.9 0.1 2.8

English language and literature teachers, postsecondary

25-1123 2.8 69.3 69.3 0.0 0.0

Fishing and hunting workers

45-3031 2.8 28.2 27.0 -1.2 -4.2

Special education teachers, preschool

25-2051 2.8 30.5 31.3 0.7 2.4

Mobile heavy equipment mechanics, except engines

49-3042 2.8 180.3 192.5 12.1 6.7

Upholsterers

51-6093 2.8 22.7 22.2 -0.5 -2.3

Epidemiologists

19-1041 2.8 12.8 15.2 2.4 18.7

First-line supervisors of farming, fishing, and forestry workers

45-1011 2.8 57.6 59.8 2.2 3.8

Cabinetmakers and bench carpenters

51-7011 2.8 81.8 79.4 -2.4 -2.9

Log graders and scalers

45-4023 2.8 4.4 4.3 -0.1 -2.2

Rotary drill operators, oil and gas

47-5012 2.8 12.7 12.9 0.1 0.8

Social sciences teachers, postsecondary, all other[1]

25-1069 2.8 19.6 19.9 0.3 1.6

Special effects artists and animators

27-1014 2.8 51.9 51.8 -0.1 -0.3

Camera and photographic equipment repairers

49-9061 2.8 1.8 1.5 -0.3 -15.5

Commercial divers

49-9092 2.8 4.0 4.2 0.2 4.8

Precision instrument and equipment repairers, all other[1]

49-9069 2.8 10.2 10.5 0.3 2.5

Forest and conservation workers

45-4011 2.8 14.7 14.5 -0.2 -1.5

Budget analysts

13-2031 2.8 50.4 51.3 1.0 1.9

Arbitrators, mediators, and conciliators

23-1022 2.8 10.5 11.0 0.5 4.7

Title examiners, abstractors, and searchers

23-2093 2.8 59.8 61.1 1.3 2.1

Architecture teachers, postsecondary

25-1031 2.8 9.7 10.0 0.3 2.6

Power distributors and dispatchers

51-8012 2.8 8.6 8.7 0.1 1.2

Billing and posting clerks

43-3021 2.7 418.0 417.7 -0.2 -0.1

Production, planning, and expediting clerks

43-5061 2.7 392.1 387.1 -5.0 -1.3

Helpers--extraction workers

47-5081 2.7 7.1 7.2 0.1 1.7

Umpires, referees, and other sports officials

27-2023 2.7 18.2 19.2 0.9 5.2

Aircraft mechanics and service technicians

49-3011 2.7 140.0 147.6 7.5 5.4

Aircraft service attendants[1]

53-6032 2.7 31.2 32.9 1.7 5.6

Laborers and freight, stock, and material movers, hand

53-7062 2.7 2,940.3 2,991.9 51.6 1.8

Food processing workers, all other[1]

51-3099 2.7 67.4 71.1 3.7 5.5

Teachers and instructors, all other[1]

25-3099 2.7 138.6 138.3 -0.3 -0.2

Training and development managers

11-3131 2.7 50.2 53.5 3.2 6.4

Printing press operators

51-5112 2.7 144.0 131.4 -12.6 -8.7

Materials engineers

17-2131 2.7 23.8 25.6 1.8 7.5

Avionics technicians

49-2091 2.7 19.8 21.6 1.9 9.4

Grounds maintenance workers, all other[1]

37-3019 2.7 14.2 14.8 0.5 3.7

Biological science teachers, postsecondary

25-1042 2.7 62.0 66.5 4.5 7.3

Weighers, measurers, checkers, and samplers, recordkeeping

43-5111 2.7 53.6 51.0 -2.6 -4.8

Natural sciences managers

11-9121 2.7 112.2 121.5 9.2 8.2

Data entry keyers

43-9021 2.7 131.8 98.2 -33.6 -25.5

Rail yard engineers, dinkey operators, and hostlers

53-4013 2.7 3.5 3.6 0.0 0.8

Mathematical science teachers, postsecondary

25-1022 2.7 57.1 58.1 1.0 1.7

Medical equipment repairers

49-9062 2.7 71.8 80.9 9.1 12.6

Cleaners of vehicles and equipment

53-7061 2.7 419.5 435.8 16.3 3.9

Inspectors, testers, sorters, samplers, and weighers

51-9061 2.7 602.0 617.2 15.2 2.5

Landscaping and groundskeeping workers

37-3011 2.7 1,188.6 1,244.2 55.6 4.7

Bakers

51-3011 2.7 262.4 276.9 14.5 5.5

Millwrights

49-9044 2.7 40.7 41.0 0.4 0.9

Shoe and leather workers and repairers

51-6041 2.7 10.3 9.6 -0.7 -6.5

Marine engineers and naval architects

17-2121 2.7 8.4 8.9 0.6 6.7

Agricultural engineers

17-2021 2.7 1.5 1.6 0.1 6.9

Helpers--installation, maintenance, and repair workers

49-9098 2.7 97.1 102.2 5.1 5.3

Electric motor, power tool, and related repairers

49-2092 2.7 16.1 16.8 0.7 4.4

Food scientists and technologists

19-1012 2.7 14.1 14.9 0.9 6.2

Ship engineers

53-5031 2.7 8.8 9.0 0.2 2.7

Engineering technologists and technicians, except drafters, all other[1]

17-3029 2.7 62.4 64.1 1.7 2.8

Brickmasons and blockmasons

47-2021 2.7 62.4 63.1 0.7 1.1

Farm labor contractors

13-1074 2.7 1.9 2.0 0.1 7.4

Engineers, all other[1]

17-2199 2.7 166.7 173.0 6.2 3.7

Railroad conductors and yardmasters

53-4031 2.7 38.9 39.2 0.3 0.9

Anthropology and archeology teachers, postsecondary

25-1061 2.7 6.5 6.7 0.2 2.6

Roustabouts, oil and gas

47-5071 2.7 45.5 47.1 1.7 3.6

Stationary engineers and boiler operators

51-8021 2.7 31.2 32.2 1.0 3.1

Rail-track laying and maintenance equipment operators

47-4061 2.7 17.4 17.7 0.3 1.5

Physical scientists, all other[1]

19-2099 2.7 26.6 27.1 0.6 2.1

Legal support workers, all other[1]

23-2099 2.7 50.2 50.0 -0.1 -0.3

Statistical assistants

43-9111 2.7 5.1 5.0 -0.1 -1.8

Paving, surfacing, and tamping equipment operators

47-2071 2.7 42.3 41.9 -0.4 -0.9

Bridge and lock tenders

53-6011 2.7 3.1 3.1 -0.1 -2.3

Aerospace engineering and operations technologists and technicians

17-3021 2.7 11.6 12.9 1.4 11.9

Calibration technologists and technicians[1]

17-3028 2.7 17.0 17.8 0.8 4.8

Sociologists

19-3041 2.7 2.7 2.8 0.1 3.8

Philosophy and religion teachers, postsecondary

25-1126 2.7 26.8 27.3 0.5 2.0

Atmospheric and space scientists

19-2021 2.7 10.7 10.9 0.3 2.6

Paralegals and legal assistants

23-2011 2.7 404.9 403.8 -1.1 -0.3

Information security analysts

15-1212 2.7 192.9 233.4 40.6 21.0

Mechanical engineering technologists and technicians

17-3027 2.6 36.9 37.4 0.5 1.3

Computer user support specialists

15-1232 2.6 750.6 724.4 -26.2 -3.5

Motion picture projectionists

39-3021 2.6 1.5 1.4 -0.1 -6.2

Electro-mechanical and mechatronics technologists and technicians

17-3024 2.6 15.7 16.2 0.4 2.6

Plant and system operators, all other[1]

51-8099 2.6 14.3 14.6 0.3 2.3

Electrical and electronic engineering technologists and technicians

17-3023 2.6 96.9 99.2 2.3 2.4

Tank car, truck, and ship loaders

53-7121 2.6 12.8 13.2 0.4 2.8

Geography teachers, postsecondary

25-1064 2.6 4.1 4.2 0.1 2.7

Artists and related workers, all other[1]

27-1019 2.6 13.0 13.2 0.3 2.0

Health information technologists and medical registrars[1]

29-9021 2.6 42.0 48.6 6.7 15.9

Earth drillers, except oil and gas

47-5023 2.6 19.5 20.2 0.7 3.6

Sociology teachers, postsecondary

25-1067 2.6 14.6 15.0 0.3 2.2

Broadcast technicians

27-4012 2.6 24.1 23.3 -0.8 -3.1

Building cleaning workers, all other[1]

37-2019 2.6 18.6 19.0 0.4 2.0

Economics teachers, postsecondary

25-1063 2.6 14.6 15.0 0.4 2.4

Medical records specialists[1]

29-2072 2.6 200.7 216.3 15.6 7.8

Medical transcriptionists

31-9094 2.6 42.0 40.2 -1.9 -4.4

Derrick operators, oil and gas

47-5011 2.6 10.7 10.9 0.2 1.6

Chemistry teachers, postsecondary

25-1052 2.6 24.9 25.4 0.6 2.3

Environmental science teachers, postsecondary

25-1053 2.6 8.4 8.7 0.2 2.7

Fashion designers

27-1022 2.6 32.7 32.8 0.0 0.1

Structural iron and steel workers

47-2221 2.6 68.3 70.4 2.1 3.1

Cooks, all other[1]

35-2019 2.6 19.7 20.8 1.0 5.2

Computer network support specialists

15-1231 2.6 152.5 154.4 1.9 1.2

Layout workers, metal and plastic

51-4192 2.6 6.2 5.9 -0.2 -3.4

Geographers

19-3092 2.6 1.5 1.5 0.0 -2.1

Musicians and singers

27-2042 2.6 170.4 170.9 0.6 0.3

Electrical engineers

17-2071 2.6 199.7 219.5 19.8 9.9

Art directors

27-1011 2.6 140.2 146.0 5.9 4.2

Physicians, pathologists

29-1222 2.6 11.8 12.4 0.6 4.8

Law teachers, postsecondary

25-1112 2.6 25.8 26.5 0.7 2.6

Paperhangers

47-2142 2.6 2.3 2.4 0.1 4.3

Farmworkers, farm, ranch, and aquacultural animals

45-2093 2.6 202.1 195.7 -6.4 -3.2

Cooks, short order

35-2015 2.6 138.7 131.5 -7.2 -5.2

Electrical and electronics repairers, commercial and industrial equipment

49-2094 2.6 65.5 65.7 0.2 0.3

Computer network architects

15-1241 2.6 181.8 195.8 14.1 7.7

Helpers--carpenters

47-3012 2.6 21.9 21.5 -0.4 -1.7

Boilermakers

47-2011 2.6 10.2 10.1 -0.2 -1.8

Hoist and winch operators

53-7041 2.6 3.2 3.2 0.0 0.2

Technical writers

27-3042 2.6 46.4 46.7 0.4 0.8

Extraction workers, all other[1]

47-5099 2.6 5.9 6.1 0.2 3.4

Industrial engineering technologists and technicians

17-3026 2.6 76.7 79.0 2.4 3.1

Anthropologists and archeologists

19-3091 2.6 10.2 10.8 0.6 6.0

Sailors and marine oilers

53-5011 2.6 33.0 34.1 1.1 3.2

Geoscientists, except hydrologists and geographers

19-2042 2.6 25.4 26.7 1.3 5.1

Computer and information research scientists

15-1221 2.5 38.6 47.0 8.4 21.8

Industrial truck and tractor operators

53-7051 2.5 765.2 776.3 11.1 1.5

Wind turbine service technicians

49-9081 2.5 11.8 15.3 3.5 29.5

Animal breeders

45-2021 2.5 6.9 7.1 0.2 3.0

Engine and other machine assemblers

51-2031 2.5 33.5 27.8 -5.7 -17.0

Microbiologists

19-1022 2.5 20.1 21.4 1.3 6.2

Mining and geological engineers, including mining safety engineers

17-2151 2.5 6.2 6.4 0.2 3.8

Electrical and electronics installers and repairers, transportation equipment

49-2093 2.5 6.6 6.9 0.4 5.4

Automotive body and related repairers

49-3021 2.5 163.2 169.3 6.1 3.7

Mechanical engineers

17-2141 2.5 298.5 332.0 33.5 11.2

Pipelayers

47-2151 2.5 33.2 32.2 -1.0 -3.1

Plasterers and stucco masons

47-2161 2.5 22.9 23.6 0.6 2.8

Wellhead pumpers

53-7073 2.5 18.4 18.0 -0.4 -2.0

Etchers and engravers

51-9194 2.5 8.9 8.8 -0.1 -0.7

Bus and truck mechanics and diesel engine specialists

49-3031 2.5 316.0 327.4 11.4 3.6

Prepress technicians and workers

51-5111 2.5 24.7 20.9 -3.8 -15.3

Dental laboratory technicians

51-9081 2.5 34.4 32.3 -2.0 -5.9

Packaging and filling machine operators and tenders

51-9111 2.5 377.7 393.3 15.6 4.1

Hydrologists

19-2043 2.5 6.3 6.4 0.1 1.5

Hydrologic technicians[1]

19-4044 2.5 3.0 3.0 0.0 -1.3

Manicurists and pedicurists

39-5092 2.5 201.8 220.4 18.6 9.2

Architectural and civil drafters

17-3011 2.5 104.1 109.5 5.4 5.2

Tire builders

51-9197 2.5 20.3 20.5 0.2 0.8

Food and tobacco roasting, baking, and drying machine operators and tenders

51-3091 2.5 21.6 21.7 0.1 0.4

Biological scientists, all other[1]

19-1029 2.5 59.6 62.4 2.8 4.7

Set and exhibit designers

27-1027 2.5 31.6 32.0 0.5 1.4

Patternmakers, wood

51-7032 2.5 0.6 0.6 0.0 -2.0

History teachers, postsecondary

25-1125 2.5 23.2 23.2 0.0 0.0

Laundry and dry-cleaning workers

51-6011 2.5 204.9 213.7 8.7 4.3

Museum technicians and conservators

25-4013 2.5 14.0 14.5 0.5 3.6

Shoe machine operators and tenders

51-6042 2.5 4.6 4.2 -0.3 -6.9

Aerospace engineers

17-2011 2.5 68.7 74.4 5.7 8.3

Petroleum engineers

17-2171 2.5 18.5 18.8 0.4 2.0

Substitute teachers, short-term

25-3031 2.5 556.1 567.0 10.9 2.0

Terrazzo workers and finishers

47-2053 2.5 1.2 1.0 -0.2 -13.0

Web developers

15-1254 2.5 87.4 90.6 3.3 3.8

Web and digital interface designers[1]

15-1255 2.5 132.7 140.8 8.0 6.0

Pile driver operators

47-2072 2.5 2.3 2.2 -0.1 -5.7

Gas plant operators

51-8092 2.5 18.2 17.1 -1.1 -6.0

Pressers, textile, garment, and related materials

51-6021 2.5 26.3 22.2 -4.1 -15.7

Reinforcing iron and rebar workers

47-2171 2.5 16.6 15.7 -0.9 -5.3

Rolling machine setters, operators, and tenders, metal and plastic

51-4023 2.5 25.3 23.2 -2.1 -8.3

Packers and packagers, hand

53-7064 2.5 555.5 528.0 -27.5 -5.0

Engineering teachers, postsecondary

25-1032 2.5 50.9 54.9 3.9 7.8

Railroad brake, signal, and switch operators and locomotive firers

53-4022 2.5 10.7 10.8 0.1 0.8

Gas compressor and gas pumping station operators

53-7071 2.5 3.5 3.6 0.1 2.1

Desktop publishers

43-9031 2.5 4.6 4.0 -0.7 -14.5

Financial examiners

13-2061 2.4 70.0 76.5 6.5 9.3

Drafters, all other[1]

17-3019 2.4 15.2 14.1 -1.1 -7.3

Life, physical, and social science technicians, all other[1]

19-4099 2.4 89.5 93.4 3.9 4.4

Janitors and cleaners, except maids and housekeeping cleaners

37-2011 2.4 2,432.6 2,486.2 53.6 2.2

Surveying and mapping technicians

17-3031 2.4 58.8 62.2 3.4 5.8

Chemists

19-2031 2.4 84.9 90.3 5.5 6.4

Cost estimators

13-1051 2.4 226.4 219.5 -6.9 -3.1

Network and computer systems administrators

15-1244 2.4 323.6 310.4 -13.2 -4.1

Agricultural workers, all other[1]

45-2099 2.4 9.3 9.7 0.4 3.8

Electrical and electronics drafters

17-3012 2.4 18.9 18.2 -0.6 -3.4

Rail car repairers

49-3043 2.4 20.1 20.6 0.5 2.6

Agricultural technicians

19-4012 2.4 19.5 20.6 1.1 5.4

Farmworkers and laborers, crop, nursery, and greenhouse

45-2092 2.4 546.8 533.6 -13.2 -2.4

Production workers, all other[1]

51-9199 2.4 275.7 277.8 2.1 0.8

Teaching assistants, postsecondary

25-9044 2.4 205.5 211.0 5.5 2.7

Paper goods machine setters, operators, and tenders

51-9196 2.4 96.1 92.6 -3.5 -3.6

Judicial law clerks

23-1012 2.4 14.0 14.4 0.4 2.8

Life scientists, all other[1]

19-1099 2.4 8.0 8.5 0.5 6.3

Political scientists

19-3094 2.4 6.1 6.0 -0.1 -2.0

Computer systems analysts

15-1211 2.4 544.4 587.2 42.9 7.9

Drywall and ceiling tile installers

47-2081 2.4 102.2 104.7 2.5 2.5

Slaughterers and meat packers

51-3023 2.4 71.2 72.6 1.5 2.0

Social science research assistants

19-4061 2.4 38.4 40.4 1.9 5.0

Fine artists, including painters, sculptors, and illustrators

27-1013 2.4 28.9 28.0 -0.8 -2.9

Fiberglass laminators and fabricators

51-2051 2.4 16.3 17.0 0.8 4.6

Helpers--brickmasons, blockmasons, stonemasons, and tile and marble setters

47-3011 2.4 14.1 12.5 -1.7 -11.7

Semiconductor processing technicians

51-9141 2.4 31.2 33.8 2.6 8.2

Crane and tower operators

53-7021 2.4 42.9 44.5 1.6 3.8

Lathe and turning machine tool setters, operators, and tenders, metal and plastic

51-4034 2.4 16.7 14.8 -1.9 -11.3

Textile, apparel, and furnishings workers, all other[1]

51-6099 2.4 14.1 12.2 -1.9 -13.4

Electrical and electronics repairers, powerhouse, substation, and relay

49-2095 2.4 20.9 22.9 2.0 9.7

Materials scientists

19-2032 2.3 8.6 9.3 0.7 8.3

Economists

19-3011 2.3 18.6 19.5 0.9 4.7

Logging equipment operators

45-4022 2.3 29.3 28.2 -1.1 -3.8

Aircraft structure, surfaces, rigging, and systems assemblers

51-2011 2.3 34.4 32.5 -1.9 -5.6

Refuse and recyclable material collectors

53-7081 2.3 156.4 159.6 3.2 2.1

Computer programmers

15-1251 2.3 110.8 102.7 -8.1 -7.3

Print binding and finishing workers

51-5113 2.3 32.3 26.6 -5.6 -17.5

Separating, filtering, clarifying, precipitating, and still machine setters, operators, and tenders

51-9012 2.3 61.4 57.9 -3.5 -5.7

Nuclear engineers

17-2161 2.3 16.6 16.6 0.1 0.4

Plating machine setters, operators, and tenders, metal and plastic

51-4193 2.3 33.3 30.1 -3.2 -9.7

Coil winders, tapers, and finishers

51-2021 2.3 12.9 12.4 -0.5 -4.0

Logging workers, all other[1]

45-4029 2.3 2.4 2.2 -0.2 -7.6

Costume attendants

39-3092 2.3 6.6 7.0 0.4 5.9

Chemical equipment operators and tenders

51-9011 2.3 140.8 145.8 5.0 3.6

Adhesive bonding machine operators and tenders

51-9191 2.3 12.1 12.2 0.2 1.3

Geological technicians, except hydrologic technicians

19-4043 2.3 7.3 7.6 0.3 3.6

Payroll and timekeeping clerks

43-3051 2.3 159.6 134.3 -25.4 -15.9

Sewers, hand

51-6051 2.3 5.3 4.6 -0.6 -12.0

Extruding and forming machine setters, operators, and tenders, synthetic and glass fibers

51-6091 2.3 13.5 13.0 -0.4 -3.3

Furniture finishers

51-7021 2.3 15.9 15.3 -0.6 -3.5

Computer numerically controlled tool programmers

51-9162 2.3 28.6 30.3 1.7 5.9

Credit analysts

13-2041 2.3 64.7 61.9 -2.8 -4.3

Cooks, restaurant

35-2014 2.3 1,417.5 1,588.8 171.4 12.1

Foreign language and literature teachers, postsecondary

25-1124 2.3 24.6 24.7 0.1 0.2

Operations research analysts

15-2031 2.3 113.1 126.6 13.5 11.9

Mechanical drafters

17-3013 2.3 42.1 39.6 -2.5 -6.0

Excavating and loading machine and dragline operators, surface mining

47-5022 2.3 34.7 35.0 0.4 1.0

Database architects

15-1243 2.3 69.5 76.0 6.5 9.4

Painting, coating, and decorating workers

51-9123 2.3 8.2 8.3 0.1 1.3

Woodworkers, all other[1]

51-7099 2.3 15.4 15.1 -0.4 -2.3

Database administrators

15-1242 2.3 75.0 74.9 -0.1 -0.1

Bioengineers and biomedical engineers

17-2031 2.3 23.8 25.7 1.8 7.6

Computer occupations, all other[1]

15-1299 2.3 471.2 495.3 24.2 5.1

Forging machine setters, operators, and tenders, metal and plastic

51-4022 2.3 8.9 7.4 -1.5 -17.2

Power plant operators

51-8013 2.3 29.8 28.3 -1.5 -5.1

Extruding, forming, pressing, and compacting machine setters, operators, and tenders

51-9041 2.3 58.3 59.2 0.9 1.5

Timing device assemblers and adjusters

51-2061 2.3 0.2 0.2 0.0 -6.1

Model makers, wood

51-7031 2.3 0.7 0.7 0.0 -3.3

Cutting and slicing machine setters, operators, and tenders

51-9032 2.3 45.9 45.5 -0.4 -0.9

Food preparation workers

35-2021 2.3 908.5 881.3 -27.2 -3.0

Tapers

47-2082 2.3 15.8 15.5 -0.3 -1.6

Software quality assurance analysts and testers

15-1253 2.3 187.6 198.2 10.6 5.7

Tile and stone setters

47-2044 2.3 45.2 49.6 4.4 9.8

Chemical technicians

19-4031 2.2 60.0 63.0 3.0 4.9

Grinding and polishing workers, hand

51-9022 2.2 10.8 8.7 -2.1 -19.2

Electrical, electronic, and electromechanical assemblers, except coil winders, tapers, and finishers

51-2028 2.2 246.3 258.7 12.4 5.0

Miscellaneous assemblers and fabricators[1]

51-2090 2.2 1,403.5 1,418.4 14.9 1.1

Pump operators, except wellhead pumpers

53-7072 2.2 9.8 10.2 0.4 4.3

Heat treating equipment setters, operators, and tenders, metal and plastic

51-4191 2.2 14.4 13.0 -1.4 -9.5

Mathematical science occupations, all other[1]

15-2099 2.2 4.0 4.2 0.3 7.1

Nuclear power reactor operators

51-8011 2.2 5.2 4.9 -0.3 -5.9

Statisticians

15-2041 2.2 31.3 34.7 3.4 11.0

Data scientists[1]

15-2051 2.2 275.6 371.0 95.4 34.6

Tool grinders, filers, and sharpeners

51-4194 2.2 5.8 5.4 -0.4 -6.8

Multiple machine tool setters, operators, and tenders, metal and plastic

51-4081 2.2 127.1 127.9 0.8 0.6

Petroleum pump system operators, refinery operators, and gaugers

51-8093 2.2 32.9 32.3 -0.6 -1.9

Postal service mail sorters, processors, and processing machine operators

43-5053 2.2 101.2 95.9 -5.3 -5.3

Computer hardware engineers

17-2061 2.2 76.1 83.0 6.9 9.1

Medical dosimetrists

29-2036 2.2 3.5 3.7 0.2 5.0

Milling and planing machine setters, operators, and tenders, metal and plastic

51-4035 2.2 12.4 10.8 -1.6 -13.2

Welding, soldering, and brazing machine setters, operators, and tenders

51-4122 2.2 32.9 30.0 -2.9 -8.9

Grinding, lapping, polishing, and buffing machine tool setters, operators, and tenders, metal and plastic

51-4033 2.2 68.5 61.1 -7.4 -10.8

Cooling and freezing equipment operators and tenders

51-9193 2.2 7.7 8.1 0.5 5.9

Signal and track switch repairers

49-9097 2.2 8.7 8.9 0.2 1.8

Roof bolters, mining

47-5043 2.2 2.2 1.8 -0.4 -18.9

Food science technicians

19-4013 2.2 20.8 21.8 1.0 4.8

Physicists

19-2012 2.2 23.2 24.8 1.7 7.2

Food cooking machine operators and tenders

51-3093 2.2 31.2 31.2 -0.1 -0.3

Metal-refining furnace operators and tenders

51-4051 2.2 16.8 16.3 -0.5 -2.9

Fabric and apparel patternmakers

51-6092 2.2 3.0 2.6 -0.5 -15.0

Maintenance workers, machinery

49-9043 2.2 59.7 58.6 -1.2 -1.9

Molders, shapers, and casters, except metal and plastic

51-9195 2.2 43.0 45.5 2.5 5.8

Conveyor operators and tenders

53-7011 2.2 29.0 28.2 -0.8 -2.6

Financial risk specialists[1]

13-2054 2.2 66.0 70.8 4.9 7.4

Textile knitting and weaving machine setters, operators, and tenders

51-6063 2.1 13.9 12.0 -1.9 -13.7

Chemical engineers

17-2041 2.1 21.9 22.9 1.0 4.7

Chemical plant and system operators

51-8091 2.1 16.7 15.9 -0.9 -5.2

Agricultural equipment operators

45-2091 2.1 66.9 72.6 5.7 8.6

Mixing and blending machine setters, operators, and tenders

51-9023 2.1 97.3 91.4 -5.9 -6.1

Underground mining machine operators, all other[1]

47-5049 2.1 3.2 3.1 0.0 -1.0

Helpers--painters, paperhangers, plasterers, and stucco masons

47-3014 2.1 7.6 7.7 0.1 1.5

Extruding and drawing machine setters, operators, and tenders, metal and plastic

51-4021 2.1 60.9 61.4 0.4 0.7

Continuous mining machine operators

47-5041 2.1 14.0 14.4 0.4 3.2

Patternmakers, metal and plastic

51-4062 2.1 1.5 1.1 -0.3 -22.8

Cutting, punching, and press machine setters, operators, and tenders, metal and plastic

51-4031 2.1 171.0 153.1 -17.9 -10.5

Refractory materials repairers, except brickmasons

49-9045 2.1 1.1 0.9 -0.2 -13.7

Drilling and boring machine tool setters, operators, and tenders, metal and plastic

51-4032 2.1 4.7 4.2 -0.4 -9.5

Foundry mold and coremakers

51-4071 2.1 12.7 9.8 -2.9 -23.0

Coating, painting, and spraying machine setters, operators, and tenders

51-9124 2.1 164.8 168.9 4.1 2.5

Models

41-9012 2.1 4.2 4.1 -0.1 -2.1

Loading and moving machine operators, underground mining

47-5044 2.1 5.9 5.0 -0.9 -15.8

Actuaries

15-2011 2.1 31.2 34.1 2.9 9.2

Machinists

51-4041 2.1 288.3 291.2 3.0 1.0

Cleaning, washing, and metal pickling equipment operators and tenders

51-9192 2.1 16.2 16.8 0.5 3.4

Biochemists and biophysicists

19-1021 2.1 35.2 39.5 4.3 12.3

Metal workers and plastic workers, all other[1]

51-4199 2.1 16.3 15.1 -1.2 -7.1

Nuclear technicians

19-4051 2.1 6.7 6.8 0.1 1.1

Structural metal fabricators and fitters

51-2041 2.1 52.3 49.0 -3.2 -6.2

Medical scientists, except epidemiologists

19-1042 2.1 181.0 203.7 22.7 12.6

Helpers--production workers

51-9198 2.1 167.4 153.6 -13.8 -8.2

Computer numerically controlled tool operators

51-9161 2.1 170.0 154.1 -15.9 -9.4

Textile bleaching and dyeing machine operators and tenders

51-6061 2.0 5.7 5.0 -0.7 -12.5

Graders and sorters, agricultural products

45-2041 2.0 45.4 43.8 -1.5 -3.4

Woodworking machine setters, operators, and tenders, except sawing

51-7042 2.0 60.9 59.4 -1.5 -2.5

Dishwashers

35-9021 2.0 480.4 475.6 -4.8 -1.0

Textile cutting machine setters, operators, and tenders

51-6062 2.0 9.4 8.2 -1.3 -13.6

Industrial machinery mechanics

49-9041 2.0 446.9 526.6 79.7 17.8

Proofreaders and copy markers

43-9081 2.0 8.5 8.5 -0.1 -0.9

Electronics engineers, except computer

17-2072 2.0 98.2 101.8 3.6 3.7

Welders, cutters, solderers, and brazers

51-4121 2.0 437.7 448.1 10.3 2.4

Astronomers

19-2011 2.0 2.4 2.6 0.2 7.8

Food batchmakers

51-3092 2.0 176.8 188.2 11.4 6.5

Textile winding, twisting, and drawing out machine setters, operators, and tenders

51-6064 2.0 23.5 21.0 -2.4 -10.3

Machine feeders and offbearers

53-7063 2.0 41.8 36.3 -5.5 -13.1

Mathematicians

15-2021 2.0 2.2 2.2 0.0 0.6

Sewing machine operators

51-6031 1.9 117.2 99.5 -17.7 -15.1

Furnace, kiln, oven, drier, and kettle operators and tenders

51-9051 1.9 14.5 14.9 0.4 2.6

Tool and die makers

51-4111 1.9 56.7 51.5 -5.2 -9.2

Software developers

15-1252 1.9 1,717.8 1,892.6 174.7 10.2

Molding, coremaking, and casting machine setters, operators, and tenders, metal and plastic

51-4072 1.9 150.0 144.9 -5.2 -3.4

Crushing, grinding, and polishing machine setters, operators, and tenders

51-9021 1.9 26.6 26.1 -0.4 -1.7

Dredge operators

53-7031 1.9 1.3 1.3 0.0 0.7

Biological technicians

19-4021 1.8 74.4 79.9 5.5 7.4

Model makers, metal and plastic

51-4061 1.8 2.6 2.2 -0.5 -17.3

Fallers

45-4021 1.8 4.3 3.9 -0.4 -9.9

Rock splitters, quarry

47-5051 1.8 3.5 3.7 0.2 5.8

Pourers and casters, metal

51-4052 1.7 4.6 4.3 -0.2 -5.0

Sawing machine setters, operators, and tenders, wood

51-7041 1.6 41.2 40.8 -0.4 -1.0

Cutters and trimmers, hand

51-9031 1.5 5.9 4.8 -1.1 -18.9

Note:

Skill scores range from 1.0 (Not important) to 5.0 (Extremely important). More information can be found on the EP definitions page: https://www.bls.gov/emp/documentation/definitions.htm.

[1] Skills information from similar O*NET-SOC occupation(s) imputed for this occupation. More information can be found in the following crosswalk: https://www.bls.gov/emp/classifications-crosswalks/nem-onet-to-soc-crosswalk.xlsx.

Source: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics.

Last modified date: August 27, 2026