Department of Labor Logo United States Department of Labor
Dot gov

The .gov means it's official.
Federal government websites often end in .gov or .mil. Before sharing sensitive information, make sure you're on a federal government site.

Https

The site is secure.
The https:// ensures that you are connecting to the official website and that any information you provide is encrypted and transmitted securely.

Employment Projections

Writing and reading

Communicates in writing to convey, exchange, and receive ideas and information.

Other available formats: (XLSX)

Skills data by detailed occupation sorted by skills score, and 2023–33 employment projections (Employment in thousands)
2023 National Employment Matrix title 2023 National Employment Matrix code Skill score[1] Employment, 2023 Employment, 2033 Employment change, numeric, 2023–33 Employment change, percent, 2023–33

English language and literature teachers, postsecondary

25-1123 4.5 70.1 70.9 0.8 1.1

Industrial-organizational psychologists

19-3032 4.4 8.6 9.1 0.5 5.8

Anthropologists and archeologists

19-3091 4.4 8.7 9.3 0.7 7.8

Historians

19-3093 4.4 3.4 3.6 0.2 5.7

Editors

27-3041 4.4 114.2 111.9 -2.3 -2.0

Biochemists and biophysicists

19-1021 4.3 35.7 39.0 3.2 9.0

Epidemiologists

19-1041 4.3 11.0 13.1 2.1 18.8

Political scientists

19-3094 4.3 6.2 6.3 0.2 2.6

Lawyers

23-1011 4.3 859.0 903.3 44.2 5.2

Forestry and conservation science teachers, postsecondary

25-1043 4.3 1.6 1.7 0.1 5.0

Technical writers

27-3042 4.3 50.1 52.1 2.0 4.0

Radiologists

29-1224 4.3 34.3 35.6 1.2 3.6

Chief executives

11-1011 4.2 313.9 331.1 17.2 5.5

Legislators[2]

11-1031 4.2 33.7 35.0 1.4 4.1

Education administrators, kindergarten through secondary

11-9032 4.2 316.6 315.0 -1.6 -0.5

Microbiologists

19-1022 4.2 23.2 24.8 1.6 6.7

Biological scientists, all other[2]

19-1029 4.2 66.8 70.6 3.8 5.6

Clinical and counseling psychologists

19-3033 4.2 76.8 87.0 10.2 13.3

Psychologists, all other[2]

19-3039 4.2 56.6 59.4 2.9 5.0

Sociologists

19-3041 4.2 3.3 3.6 0.2 6.9

Judicial law clerks

23-1012 4.2 15.6 16.1 0.5 3.4

Anthropology and archeology teachers, postsecondary

25-1061 4.2 6.3 6.5 0.2 3.8

Geography teachers, postsecondary

25-1064 4.2 4.3 4.5 0.2 4.3

Psychology teachers, postsecondary

25-1066 4.2 51.1 53.6 2.6 5.0

Library science teachers, postsecondary

25-1082 4.2 5.3 5.5 0.2 4.2

Law teachers, postsecondary

25-1112 4.2 19.0 19.4 0.4 2.2

History teachers, postsecondary

25-1125 4.2 25.8 26.0 0.2 0.9

Philosophy and religion teachers, postsecondary

25-1126 4.2 26.4 27.0 0.5 2.0

Emergency medicine physicians[2]

29-1214 4.2 37.6 39.0 1.3 3.5

Family medicine physicians

29-1215 4.2 120.3 126.1 5.7 4.8

Obstetricians and gynecologists

29-1218 4.2 21.3 22.0 0.7 3.3

Pediatricians, general

29-1221 4.2 37.7 38.5 0.8 2.1

Physicians, pathologists

29-1222 4.2 11.8 12.5 0.6 5.5

Physicians, all other[2]

29-1229 4.2 337.0 350.1 13.1 3.9

Ophthalmologists, except pediatric

29-1241 4.2 12.4 12.9 0.6 4.5

Orthopedic surgeons, except pediatric[2]

29-1242 4.2 16.0 16.6 0.7 4.2

Pediatric surgeons[2]

29-1243 4.2 1.3 1.3 0.0 2.0

Surgeons, all other[2]

29-1249 4.2 28.4 29.6 1.2 4.3

Genetic counselors

29-9092 4.2 3.5 4.1 0.6 16.1

Human resources managers

11-3121 4.1 208.9 222.5 13.5 6.5

Education administrators, postsecondary

11-9033 4.1 216.4 222.7 6.2 2.9

Education administrators, all other[2]

11-9039 4.1 57.7 59.1 1.4 2.5

Project management specialists[2]

13-1082 4.1 973.6 1,043.4 69.9 7.2

Management analysts

13-1111 4.1 1,018.3 1,126.2 107.9 10.6

Market research analysts and marketing specialists

13-1161 4.1 903.4 978.3 74.9 8.3

Operations research analysts

15-2031 4.1 123.3 151.6 28.3 23.0

Animal scientists

19-1011 4.1 2.5 2.7 0.2 7.9

Life scientists, all other[2]

19-1099 4.1 8.0 8.5 0.5 6.5

Astronomers

19-2011 4.1 2.4 2.6 0.2 7.4

Physicists

19-2012 4.1 21.1 22.6 1.5 7.2

Atmospheric and space scientists

19-2021 4.1 9.9 10.5 0.6 5.6

Materials scientists

19-2032 4.1 9.2 10.0 0.8 8.7

Survey researchers

19-3022 4.1 9.7 9.7 0.0 -0.2

Geographers

19-3092 4.1 1.6 1.7 0.0 2.5

Social scientists and related workers, all other[2]

19-3099 4.1 39.2 40.6 1.3 3.4

Health education specialists

21-1091 4.1 62.1 66.4 4.3 7.0

Administrative law judges, adjudicators, and hearing officers

23-1021 4.1 15.8 16.1 0.3 2.1

Judges, magistrate judges, and magistrates

23-1023 4.1 25.9 26.8 0.9 3.4

Business teachers, postsecondary

25-1011 4.1 104.9 111.9 7.0 6.7

Agricultural sciences teachers, postsecondary

25-1041 4.1 9.5 9.9 0.5 4.8

Biological science teachers, postsecondary

25-1042 4.1 64.9 70.3 5.4 8.4

Chemistry teachers, postsecondary

25-1052 4.1 25.4 26.2 0.9 3.4

Environmental science teachers, postsecondary

25-1053 4.1 9.1 9.4 0.4 3.9

Physics teachers, postsecondary

25-1054 4.1 17.7 18.4 0.7 3.7

Area, ethnic, and cultural studies teachers, postsecondary

25-1062 4.1 14.7 15.3 0.5 3.6

Sociology teachers, postsecondary

25-1067 4.1 16.1 16.6 0.5 3.4

Social sciences teachers, postsecondary, all other[2]

25-1069 4.1 20.3 20.8 0.6 2.7

Health specialties teachers, postsecondary

25-1071 4.1 284.2 337.5 53.3 18.8

Nursing instructors and teachers, postsecondary

25-1072 4.1 89.9 105.9 16.1 17.9

Education teachers, postsecondary

25-1081 4.1 77.2 79.7 2.5 3.3

Social work teachers, postsecondary

25-1113 4.1 15.1 15.7 0.5 3.6

Postsecondary teachers, all other[2]

25-1199 4.1 202.5 209.0 6.5 3.2

Instructional coordinators

25-9031 4.1 225.2 229.3 4.1 1.8

News analysts, reporters, and journalists

27-3023 4.1 49.8 48.4 -1.4 -2.7

Writers and authors

27-3043 4.1 150.7 158.4 7.7 5.1

Interpreters and translators

27-3091 4.1 78.3 80.1 1.8 2.3

Media and communication workers, all other[2]

27-3099 4.1 27.0 29.1 2.2 8.0

Optometrists

29-1041 4.1 49.3 53.6 4.3 8.7

Physician assistants

29-1071 4.1 153.4 197.1 43.7 28.5

Speech-language pathologists

29-1127 4.1 180.8 214.1 33.3 18.4

Nurse practitioners

29-1171 4.1 292.5 427.9 135.5 46.3

Audiologists

29-1181 4.1 14.4 16.0 1.6 10.9

Cardiologists[2]

29-1212 4.1 16.4 17.2 0.8 5.0

General internal medicine physicians

29-1216 4.1 73.8 76.3 2.5 3.4

Neurologists

29-1217 4.1 10.1 10.8 0.7 6.8

Psychiatrists

29-1223 4.1 27.0 29.1 2.1 7.6

Public relations managers[2]

11-2032 4.0 78.4 83.8 5.4 6.9

Training and development managers

11-3131 4.0 43.2 46.4 3.2 7.3

Architectural and engineering managers

11-9041 4.0 210.2 221.8 11.6 5.5

Medical and health services managers

11-9111 4.0 562.7 723.3 160.6 28.5

Natural sciences managers

11-9121 4.0 100.1 107.6 7.5 7.5

Emergency management directors

11-9161 4.0 12.4 12.9 0.5 4.0

Training and development specialists

13-1151 4.0 420.1 468.6 48.5 11.5

Financial and investment analysts[2]

13-2051 4.0 347.4 380.5 33.1 9.5

Personal financial advisors

13-2052 4.0 321.0 375.9 55.0 17.1

Financial examiners

13-2061 4.0 65.5 79.2 13.8 21.0

Software developers[2]

15-1252 4.0 1,692.1 1,995.7 303.7 17.9

Actuaries

15-2011 4.0 30.2 36.8 6.6 21.8

Statisticians

15-2041 4.0 32.4 36.2 3.8 11.8

Data scientists[2]

15-2051 4.0 202.9 276.0 73.1 36.0

Mathematical science occupations, all other[2]

15-2099 4.0 4.6 4.9 0.3 6.9

Aerospace engineers

17-2011 4.0 68.9 73.0 4.1 6.0

Bioengineers and biomedical engineers

17-2031 4.0 19.7 21.2 1.5 7.4

Electrical engineers

17-2071 4.0 189.1 206.3 17.2 9.1

Environmental engineers

17-2081 4.0 41.3 44.2 2.9 6.9

Health and safety engineers, except mining safety engineers and inspectors

17-2111 4.0 23.1 24.3 1.2 5.1

Mining and geological engineers, including mining safety engineers

17-2151 4.0 7.1 7.3 0.1 2.0

Soil and plant scientists

19-1013 4.0 20.3 21.7 1.5 7.2

Medical scientists, except epidemiologists

19-1042 4.0 146.6 163.4 16.8 11.5

Environmental scientists and specialists, including health

19-2041 4.0 84.6 90.7 6.1 7.3

Geoscientists, except hydrologists and geographers

19-2042 4.0 26.0 27.4 1.4 5.5

Physical scientists, all other[2]

19-2099 4.0 34.1 34.9 0.8 2.3

Economists

19-3011 4.0 17.5 18.4 0.9 5.1

School psychologists

19-3034 4.0 65.5 66.0 0.5 0.7

Urban and regional planners

19-3051 4.0 45.2 47.1 2.0 4.3

Forensic science technicians

19-4092 4.0 18.6 21.2 2.5 13.6

Occupational health and safety specialists

19-5011 4.0 125.9 144.7 18.8 14.9

Educational, guidance, and career counselors and advisors

21-1012 4.0 360.8 377.0 16.2 4.5

Counselors, all other[2]

21-1019 4.0 65.9 75.4 9.5 14.4

Child, family, and school social workers

21-1021 4.0 365.9 383.8 17.9 4.9

Mental health and substance abuse social workers

21-1023 4.0 123.7 138.1 14.4 11.6

Social workers, all other[2]

21-1029 4.0 69.0 72.8 3.8 5.5

Community health workers

21-1094 4.0 63.4 71.7 8.3 13.1

Arbitrators, mediators, and conciliators

23-1022 4.0 8.2 8.7 0.5 6.1

Computer science teachers, postsecondary

25-1021 4.0 45.0 47.7 2.7 6.1

Architecture teachers, postsecondary

25-1031 4.0 10.7 11.0 0.3 3.2

Atmospheric, earth, marine, and space sciences teachers, postsecondary

25-1051 4.0 14.4 15.0 0.5 3.8

Economics teachers, postsecondary

25-1063 4.0 15.5 16.0 0.5 3.5

Political science teachers, postsecondary

25-1065 4.0 21.7 22.4 0.7 3.3

Criminal justice and law enforcement teachers, postsecondary

25-1111 4.0 16.1 16.6 0.5 2.9

Art, drama, and music teachers, postsecondary

25-1121 4.0 127.4 130.9 3.5 2.7

Communications teachers, postsecondary

25-1122 4.0 35.0 36.2 1.2 3.3

Foreign language and literature teachers, postsecondary

25-1124 4.0 26.1 26.4 0.3 1.0

Recreation and fitness studies teachers, postsecondary

25-1193 4.0 16.2 16.7 0.6 3.4

Special education teachers, kindergarten and elementary school[2]

25-2052 4.0 212.7 211.2 -1.6 -0.7

Special education teachers, secondary school

25-2058 4.0 159.5 158.6 -0.9 -0.6

Special education teachers, all other[2]

25-2059 4.0 45.1 46.0 1.0 2.1

Substitute teachers, short-term[2]

25-3031 4.0 473.3 489.2 15.9 3.4

Tutors

25-3041 4.0 195.1 196.4 1.3 0.7

Archivists

25-4011 4.0 8.8 9.5 0.7 8.0

Farm and home management educators

25-9021 4.0 9.8 9.7 -0.2 -1.7

Teaching assistants, except postsecondary[2]

25-9045 4.0 1,389.2 1,381.0 -8.2 -0.6

Public relations specialists

27-3031 4.0 308.0 327.2 19.2 6.2

Dietitians and nutritionists

29-1031 4.0 81.3 87.3 6.0 7.4

Pharmacists

29-1051 4.0 337.7 355.9 18.3 5.4

Podiatrists

29-1081 4.0 9.7 9.8 0.1 1.4

Occupational therapists

29-1122 4.0 150.5 167.3 16.8 11.1

Exercise physiologists

29-1128 4.0 21.5 23.7 2.2 10.4

Nurse midwives

29-1161 4.0 7.2 7.7 0.5 7.1

Anesthesiologists

29-1211 4.0 36.1 37.6 1.5 4.0

Orthotists and prosthetists

29-2091 4.0 9.1 10.4 1.4 15.1

Fundraising managers[2]

11-2033 3.9 38.2 40.5 2.3 5.9

Compensation and benefits managers

11-3111 3.9 19.1 19.5 0.4 2.1

Claims adjusters, examiners, and investigators

13-1031 3.9 345.2 330.0 -15.2 -4.4

Labor relations specialists

13-1075 3.9 65.8 65.6 -0.2 -0.3

Meeting, convention, and event planners

13-1121 3.9 149.0 158.9 9.9 6.6

Fundraisers

13-1131 3.9 125.9 133.3 7.4 5.9

Business operations specialists, all other[2]

13-1199 3.9 1,181.5 1,245.3 63.8 5.4

Financial risk specialists[2]

13-2054 3.9 57.5 62.3 4.8 8.4

Computer network architects

15-1241 3.9 177.8 201.7 23.9 13.4

Architects, except landscape and naval

17-1011 3.9 127.3 137.2 9.9 7.8

Agricultural engineers

17-2021 3.9 1.9 2.0 0.1 7.8

Computer hardware engineers

17-2061 3.9 84.1 90.2 6.1 7.2

Materials engineers

17-2131 3.9 25.0 26.9 1.8 7.4

Nuclear engineers

17-2161 3.9 13.4 13.3 -0.1 -0.8

Petroleum engineers

17-2171 3.9 20.8 21.3 0.5 2.4

Food scientists and technologists

19-1012 3.9 14.5 15.7 1.3 8.9

Zoologists and wildlife biologists

19-1023 3.9 18.8 19.6 0.8 4.4

Chemists

19-2031 3.9 87.2 93.8 6.6 7.6

Hydrologists

19-2043 3.9 6.5 6.7 0.2 2.8

Hydrologic technicians[2]

19-4044 3.9 3.2 3.3 0.1 2.4

Social science research assistants

19-4061 3.9 37.5 39.9 2.4 6.3

Marriage and family therapists

21-1013 3.9 76.0 88.2 12.3 16.2

Substance abuse, behavioral disorder, and mental health counselors

21-1018 3.9 449.8 534.3 84.5 18.8

Healthcare social workers

21-1022 3.9 193.2 211.9 18.7 9.7

Community and social service specialists, all other[2]

21-1099 3.9 103.6 109.8 6.1 5.9

Paralegals and legal assistants

23-2011 3.9 366.2 370.5 4.3 1.2

Legal support workers, all other[2]

23-2099 3.9 47.3 47.8 0.5 1.0

Mathematical science teachers, postsecondary

25-1022 3.9 58.5 60.4 1.9 3.3

Engineering teachers, postsecondary

25-1032 3.9 48.8 53.3 4.5 9.2

Family and consumer sciences teachers, postsecondary

25-1192 3.9 3.3 3.5 0.1 4.3

Middle school teachers, except special and career/technical education

25-2022 3.9 640.0 635.3 -4.7 -0.7

Career/technical education teachers, middle school

25-2023 3.9 12.2 12.1 -0.1 -0.9

Secondary school teachers, except special and career/technical education

25-2031 3.9 1,071.4 1,064.5 -6.9 -0.6

Career/technical education teachers, secondary school

25-2032 3.9 89.6 88.9 -0.7 -0.8

Special education teachers, middle school

25-2057 3.9 88.6 87.8 -0.8 -0.9

Adult basic education, adult secondary education, and english as a second language instructors

25-3011 3.9 41.7 36.4 -5.3 -12.7

Curators

25-4012 3.9 14.2 16.0 1.7 12.2

Librarians and media collections specialists

25-4022 3.9 142.2 146.4 4.2 2.9

Educational instruction and library workers, all other[2]

25-9099 3.9 127.2 129.7 2.5 2.0

Disc jockeys, except radio[2]

27-2091 3.9 21.0 22.1 1.1 5.1

Broadcast announcers and radio disc jockeys

27-3011 3.9 26.5 25.4 -1.1 -4.0

Chiropractors

29-1011 3.9 61.2 67.3 6.1 9.9

Physical therapists

29-1123 3.9 259.2 296.0 36.8 14.2

Therapists, all other[2]

29-1129 3.9 43.2 48.3 5.1 11.8

Veterinarians

29-1131 3.9 88.2 105.0 16.8 19.1

Registered nurses

29-1141 3.9 3,300.1 3,497.3 197.2 6.0

Nurse anesthetists

29-1151 3.9 49.9 55.1 5.2 10.4

Dermatologists

29-1213 3.9 13.0 13.9 0.9 7.1

Healthcare diagnosing or treating practitioners, all other[2]

29-1299 3.9 40.4 41.5 1.0 2.6

Paramedics[2]

29-2043 3.9 100.6 106.5 5.9 5.9

First-line supervisors of police and detectives

33-1012 3.9 144.5 150.0 5.5 3.8

General and operations managers

11-1021 3.8 3,630.1 3,840.5 210.4 5.8

Sales managers

11-2022 3.8 584.8 619.1 34.3 5.9

Administrative services managers

11-3012 3.8 256.8 272.8 16.0 6.2

Facilities managers[2]

11-3013 3.8 140.5 147.9 7.4 5.3

Computer and information systems managers

11-3021 3.8 613.5 720.4 106.9 17.4

Financial managers

11-3031 3.8 837.1 975.3 138.3 16.5

Purchasing managers

11-3061 3.8 81.3 85.4 4.1 5.1

Education and childcare administrators, preschool and daycare

11-9031 3.8 80.9 79.2 -1.7 -2.1

Lodging managers

11-9081 3.8 53.3 58.6 5.3 9.9

Social and community service managers

11-9151 3.8 199.5 215.9 16.4 8.2

Cost estimators

13-1051 3.8 227.9 219.6 -8.3 -3.6

Human resources specialists

13-1071 3.8 933.7 1,007.9 74.2 7.9

Accountants and auditors

13-2011 3.8 1,562.0 1,653.4 91.4 5.8

Financial specialists, all other[2]

13-2099 3.8 129.8 137.9 8.1 6.2

Information security analysts

15-1212 3.8 180.7 239.8 59.1 32.7

Computer and information research scientists

15-1221 3.8 36.6 46.0 9.4 25.6

Computer user support specialists

15-1232 3.8 725.3 762.5 37.2 5.1

Software quality assurance analysts and testers

15-1253 3.8 205.0 229.2 24.2 11.8

Computer occupations, all other[2]

15-1299 3.8 470.9 522.0 51.1 10.8

Mathematicians

15-2021 3.8 2.5 2.5 0.1 3.7

Landscape architects

17-1012 3.8 24.7 25.8 1.2 4.7

Surveyors

17-1022 3.8 52.6 55.7 3.1 5.9

Electronics engineers, except computer

17-2072 3.8 98.7 107.6 8.9 9.1

Industrial engineers

17-2112 3.8 336.6 377.5 40.9 12.2

Marine engineers and naval architects

17-2121 3.8 10.1 11.0 0.8 8.0

Engineers, all other[2]

17-2199 3.8 161.1 169.2 8.0 5.0

Conservation scientists

19-1031 3.8 25.9 27.4 1.4 5.6

Foresters

19-1032 3.8 15.4 15.9 0.5 3.0

Chemical technicians

19-4031 3.8 58.3 61.4 3.2 5.5

Environmental science and protection technicians, including health

19-4042 3.8 33.9 36.2 2.4 7.0

Occupational health and safety technicians

19-5012 3.8 27.6 30.8 3.2 11.4

Rehabilitation counselors

21-1015 3.8 87.6 89.2 1.6 1.8

Probation officers and correctional treatment specialists

21-1092 3.8 90.7 94.0 3.2 3.6

Clergy

21-2011 3.8 260.1 266.7 6.5 2.5

Title examiners, abstractors, and searchers

23-2093 3.8 56.3 56.9 0.6 1.0

Career/technical education teachers, postsecondary

25-1194 3.8 121.8 121.9 0.1 0.1

Elementary school teachers, except special education

25-2021 3.8 1,441.0 1,430.4 -10.7 -0.7

Special education teachers, preschool

25-2051 3.8 25.7 26.1 0.4 1.6

Oral and maxillofacial surgeons

29-1022 3.8 4.8 5.0 0.2 3.3

Medical records specialists[2]

29-2072 3.8 191.5 208.2 16.7 8.7

Health information technologists and medical registrars[2]

29-9021 3.8 39.1 45.5 6.4 16.3

Medical transcriptionists

31-9094 3.8 54.5 51.9 -2.6 -4.7

First-line supervisors of security workers[2]

33-1091 3.8 67.8 70.3 2.5 3.7

First-line supervisors of protective service workers, all other[2]

33-1099 3.8 20.7 21.6 0.8 4.0

Fire inspectors and investigators

33-2021 3.8 14.9 15.5 0.7 4.5

Detectives and criminal investigators

33-3021 3.8 113.4 116.0 2.6 2.3

Sales engineers

41-9031 3.8 59.7 63.4 3.7 6.3

First-line supervisors of office and administrative support workers

43-1011 3.8 1,570.5 1,501.4 -69.1 -4.4

Correspondence clerks

43-4021 3.8 5.5 5.1 -0.4 -6.7

Eligibility interviewers, government programs

43-4061 3.8 160.0 164.9 5.0 3.1

Loan interviewers and clerks

43-4131 3.8 206.1 201.2 -4.9 -2.4

Statistical assistants

43-9111 3.8 7.9 7.9 0.0 0.2

Advertising and promotions managers

11-2011 3.7 22.2 21.7 -0.6 -2.6

Marketing managers

11-2021 3.7 389.1 420.8 31.7 8.2

Transportation, storage, and distribution managers

11-3071 3.7 211.8 230.8 19.1 9.0

Postmasters and mail superintendents

11-9131 3.7 13.2 12.8 -0.4 -3.0

Property, real estate, and community association managers

11-9141 3.7 467.1 482.2 15.1 3.2

Managers, all other[2]

11-9199 3.7 1,282.5 1,356.2 73.7 5.7

Compliance officers

13-1041 3.7 403.9 425.8 21.9 5.4

Logisticians

13-1081 3.7 237.1 282.9 45.8 19.3

Compensation, benefits, and job analysis specialists

13-1141 3.7 103.7 111.0 7.2 7.0

Property appraisers and assessors[2]

13-2020 3.7 83.9 87.1 3.2 3.9

Budget analysts

13-2031 3.7 50.8 52.7 2.0 3.9

Insurance underwriters

13-2053 3.7 118.4 113.7 -4.7 -4.0

Credit counselors

13-2071 3.7 31.8 33.3 1.5 4.9

Loan officers

13-2072 3.7 334.1 338.7 4.5 1.4

Tax examiners and collectors, and revenue agents

13-2081 3.7 54.0 55.0 1.0 1.9

Computer systems analysts

15-1211 3.7 527.2 583.7 56.5 10.7

Cartographers and photogrammetrists

17-1021 3.7 12.9 13.7 0.8 6.3

Chemical engineers

17-2041 3.7 21.4 23.5 2.1 9.8

Civil engineers

17-2051 3.7 341.8 363.9 22.1 6.5

Mechanical engineering technologists and technicians

17-3027 3.7 39.9 40.7 0.8 1.9

Life, physical, and social science technicians, all other[2]

19-4099 3.7 83.3 88.2 4.8 5.8

Social and human service assistants

21-1093 3.7 433.0 467.4 34.4 7.9

Directors, religious activities and education

21-2021 3.7 155.9 159.4 3.5 2.2

Religious workers, all other[2]

21-2099 3.7 83.8 85.7 1.9 2.2

Teachers and instructors, all other[2]

25-3099 3.7 143.5 145.5 1.9 1.4

Teaching assistants, postsecondary

25-9044 3.7 184.6 192.1 7.4 4.0

Fashion designers

27-1022 3.7 21.9 22.9 1.0 4.7

Interior designers

27-1025 3.7 92.2 95.9 3.7 4.0

Producers and directors

27-2012 3.7 167.9 181.5 13.5 8.0

Coaches and scouts

27-2022 3.7 307.1 334.0 26.9 8.8

Orthodontists

29-1023 3.7 7.4 7.7 0.3 3.7

Recreational therapists

29-1125 3.7 16.6 17.3 0.7 4.3

Diagnostic medical sonographers

29-2032 3.7 84.9 97.7 12.8 15.1

Opticians, dispensing

29-2081 3.7 77.3 79.5 2.3 2.9

Healthcare practitioners and technical workers, all other[2]

29-9099 3.7 41.9 44.3 2.4 5.8

Occupational therapy assistants

31-2011 3.7 47.5 58.1 10.6 22.3

Medical assistants

31-9092 3.7 783.9 901.9 118.0 15.0

First-line supervisors of correctional officers

33-1011 3.7 55.5 54.6 -0.9 -1.6

Private detectives and investigators

33-9021 3.7 38.8 40.7 1.9 5.0

Insurance sales agents

41-3021 3.7 547.6 581.0 33.4 6.1

Credit authorizers, checkers, and clerks

43-4041 3.7 14.5 13.7 -0.8 -5.2

Human resources assistants, except payroll and timekeeping

43-4161 3.7 104.2 99.2 -5.0 -4.8

Executive secretaries and executive administrative assistants

43-6011 3.7 516.1 517.2 1.2 0.2

Legal secretaries and administrative assistants

43-6012 3.7 154.2 146.3 -7.9 -5.1

Secretaries and administrative assistants, except legal, medical, and executive

43-6014 3.7 1,982.3 1,976.2 -6.1 -0.3

Proofreaders and copy markers

43-9081 3.7 6.7 6.5 -0.2 -3.4

Nuclear power reactor operators

51-8011 3.7 5.8 5.2 -0.6 -10.3

Transportation inspectors

53-6051 3.7 29.7 30.8 1.2 3.9

Industrial production managers

11-3051 3.6 230.1 236.7 6.5 2.8

Construction managers

11-9021 3.6 520.9 568.5 47.6 9.1

Funeral home managers

11-9171 3.6 35.8 37.4 1.6 4.5

Personal service managers, all other[2]

11-9179 3.6 27.9 29.8 1.9 6.9

Agents and business managers of artists, performers, and athletes

13-1011 3.6 18.6 20.4 1.7 9.2

Buyers and purchasing agents

13-1020 3.6 524.1 561.4 37.2 7.1

Insurance appraisers, auto damage

13-1032 3.6 10.5 9.5 -1.0 -9.2

Credit analysts

13-2041 3.6 73.7 70.8 -2.8 -3.9

Network and computer systems administrators

15-1244 3.6 335.4 326.6 -8.8 -2.6

Civil engineering technologists and technicians

17-3022 3.6 66.0 67.1 1.2 1.8

Biological technicians

19-4021 3.6 83.1 88.6 5.5 6.6

Kindergarten teachers, except special education

25-2012 3.6 122.7 121.8 -0.8 -0.7

Art directors

27-1011 3.6 126.6 133.2 6.6 5.2

Set and exhibit designers

27-1027 3.6 29.6 31.1 1.5 5.1

Dentists, general

29-1021 3.6 141.0 147.7 6.7 4.8

Dentists, all other specialists[2]

29-1029 3.6 6.7 6.9 0.2 2.3

Radiation therapists

29-1124 3.6 17.2 17.7 0.5 3.1

Medical dosimetrists[2]

29-2036 3.6 4.2 4.5 0.2 5.4

Licensed practical and licensed vocational nurses

29-2061 3.6 657.8 674.7 16.9 2.6

Athletic trainers

29-9091 3.6 34.3 38.7 4.3 12.7

First-line supervisors of firefighting and prevention workers

33-1021 3.6 87.0 90.7 3.6 4.2

Police and sheriff's patrol officers

33-3051 3.6 674.2 700.6 26.4 3.9

First-line supervisors of non-retail sales workers

41-1012 3.6 347.8 351.9 4.1 1.2

Securities, commodities, and financial services sales agents

41-3031 3.6 513.8 547.9 34.1 6.6

Real estate brokers

41-9021 3.6 113.6 115.8 2.2 2.0

Real estate sales agents

41-9022 3.6 430.7 438.7 7.9 1.8

Procurement clerks

43-3061 3.6 63.3 59.1 -4.2 -6.7

Public safety telecommunicators

43-5031 3.6 102.7 106.8 4.1 4.0

Desktop publishers

43-9031 3.6 6.4 5.6 -0.9 -13.4

Airline pilots, copilots, and flight engineers

53-2011 3.6 96.3 101.1 4.8 5.0

Airfield operations specialists

53-2022 3.6 18.7 19.7 1.0 5.3

Farmers, ranchers, and other agricultural managers

11-9013 3.5 856.6 842.9 -13.8 -1.6

Gambling managers

11-9071 3.5 5.3 5.5 0.3 5.1

Tax preparers

13-2082 3.5 103.8 108.2 4.4 4.2

Database administrators

15-1242 3.5 80.5 87.1 6.6 8.2

Database architects

15-1243 3.5 61.4 68.0 6.6 10.8

Computer programmers

15-1251 3.5 139.4 126.0 -13.4 -9.6

Electrical and electronics drafters

17-3012 3.5 23.2 24.2 1.0 4.1

Aerospace engineering and operations technologists and technicians

17-3021 3.5 11.0 11.9 0.9 7.9

Calibration technologists and technicians[2]

17-3028 3.5 13.8 14.5 0.8 5.5

Engineering technologists and technicians, except drafters, all other[2]

17-3029 3.5 69.5 72.6 3.1 4.4

Agricultural technicians

19-4012 3.5 19.6 20.8 1.2 5.9

Food science technicians

19-4013 3.5 25.1 26.9 1.8 7.3

Geological technicians, except hydrologic technicians

19-4043 3.5 9.2 9.5 0.3 3.8

Special effects artists and animators

27-1014 3.5 73.3 76.4 3.2 4.3

Respiratory therapists

29-1126 3.5 133.9 151.4 17.5 13.1

Cardiovascular technologists and technicians

29-2031 3.5 58.4 60.9 2.4 4.2

Nuclear medicine technologists

29-2033 3.5 17.8 17.6 -0.2 -1.3

Magnetic resonance imaging technologists

29-2035 3.5 43.4 47.0 3.6 8.4

Pharmacy technicians

29-2052 3.5 463.9 497.2 33.3 7.2

Psychiatric technicians

29-2053 3.5 124.6 145.8 21.3 17.1

Veterinary technologists and technicians

29-2056 3.5 125.7 150.0 24.3 19.3

Health technologists and technicians, all other[2]

29-2099 3.5 177.9 190.4 12.5 7.0

Surgical assistants

29-9093 3.5 21.3 22.7 1.4 6.7

Fish and game wardens

33-3031 3.5 6.8 6.5 -0.3 -5.0

Travel agents

41-3041 3.5 68.8 71.2 2.3 3.4

Sales representatives, wholesale and manufacturing, technical and scientific products

41-4011 3.5 325.3 335.3 10.0 3.1

Sales and related workers, all other[2]

41-9099 3.5 137.2 142.6 5.3 3.9

Payroll and timekeeping clerks

43-3051 3.5 160.3 136.2 -24.2 -15.1

Construction and building inspectors

47-4011 3.5 142.6 142.7 0.0 0.0

First-line supervisors of mechanics, installers, and repairers

49-1011 3.5 604.3 626.2 21.9 3.6

Avionics technicians

49-2091 3.5 21.9 23.5 1.7 7.6

Aircraft mechanics and service technicians

49-3011 3.5 141.4 148.7 7.3 5.2

Power distributors and dispatchers

51-8012 3.5 9.2 9.1 -0.1 -1.4

Air traffic controllers

53-2021 3.5 24.0 24.7 0.7 2.9

Aircraft service attendants[2]

53-6032 3.5 25.2 26.7 1.6 6.2

Web developers

15-1254 3.4 94.1 102.5 8.5 9.0

Web and digital interface designers[2]

15-1255 3.4 128.6 138.8 10.2 7.9

Mechanical engineers

17-2141 3.4 291.9 323.9 32.1 11.0

Electrical and electronic engineering technologists and technicians

17-3023 3.4 99.6 102.6 3.0 3.0

Environmental engineering technologists and technicians

17-3025 3.4 14.2 14.5 0.3 2.3

Industrial engineering technologists and technicians

17-3026 3.4 74.5 77.6 3.0 4.1

Artists and related workers, all other[2]

27-1019 3.4 13.4 13.8 0.4 3.3

Commercial and industrial designers

27-1021 3.4 34.0 35.1 1.1 3.1

Graphic designers

27-1024 3.4 267.2 273.8 6.6 2.5

Choreographers

27-2032 3.4 5.4 5.7 0.3 5.3

Music directors and composers

27-2041 3.4 50.3 51.6 1.4 2.7

Entertainers and performers, sports and related workers, all other[2]

27-2099 3.4 35.7 38.3 2.6 7.3

Audio and video technicians

27-4011 3.4 87.3 91.9 4.6 5.3

Sound engineering technicians

27-4014 3.4 18.0 17.9 -0.1 -0.5

Film and video editors

27-4032 3.4 47.2 49.4 2.2 4.7

Prosthodontists

29-1024 3.4 0.7 0.7 0.0 3.5

Clinical laboratory technologists and technicians

29-2010 3.4 344.2 362.5 18.2 5.3

Hearing aid specialists

29-2092 3.4 10.5 12.0 1.6 14.9

Psychiatric aides

31-1133 3.4 36.0 36.3 0.3 0.8

Physical therapist assistants

31-2021 3.4 108.5 136.0 27.5 25.4

Healthcare support workers, all other[2]

31-9099 3.4 108.5 114.6 6.1 5.6

Transit and railroad police

33-3052 3.4 2.4 2.5 0.1 3.5

Gambling surveillance officers and gambling investigators

33-9031 3.4 11.0 11.3 0.3 2.6

First-line supervisors of gambling services workers

39-1013 3.4 33.2 34.9 1.7 5.2

First-line supervisors of entertainment and recreation workers, except gambling services[2]

39-1014 3.4 123.3 134.6 11.2 9.1

First-line supervisors of personal service workers

39-1022 3.4 155.9 171.7 15.8 10.1

Parts salespersons

41-2022 3.4 267.9 271.2 3.3 1.2

Advertising sales agents

41-3011 3.4 111.6 104.2 -7.4 -6.6

Sales representatives of services, except advertising, insurance, financial services, and travel[2]

41-3091 3.4 1,170.3 1,214.5 44.2 3.8

Brokerage clerks

43-4011 3.4 49.7 48.2 -1.4 -2.8

Customer service representatives

43-4051 3.4 2,954.6 2,805.8 -148.8 -5.0

Interviewers, except eligibility and loan

43-4111 3.4 169.1 152.5 -16.7 -9.9

Order clerks

43-4151 3.4 106.3 87.3 -19.0 -17.9

Reservation and transportation ticket agents and travel clerks

43-4181 3.4 123.8 128.5 4.7 3.8

Information and record clerks, all other[2]

43-4199 3.4 162.8 167.4 4.7 2.9

Dispatchers, except police, fire, and ambulance

43-5032 3.4 215.4 215.7 0.4 0.2

Production, planning, and expediting clerks

43-5061 3.4 399.2 418.7 19.5 4.9

Medical secretaries and administrative assistants

43-6013 3.4 768.9 810.1 41.3 5.4

Data entry keyers

43-9021 3.4 163.9 122.8 -41.0 -25.0

Insurance claims and policy processing clerks

43-9041 3.4 271.8 261.3 -10.5 -3.9

Agricultural inspectors

45-2011 3.4 13.3 13.9 0.5 3.9

First-line supervisors of production and operating workers

51-1011 3.4 690.9 695.1 4.2 0.6

Chemical equipment operators and tenders

51-9011 3.4 121.9 115.4 -6.5 -5.4

First-line supervisors of transportation and material moving workers, except aircraft cargo handling supervisors[2]

53-1047 3.4 594.1 625.6 31.5 5.3

Food service managers

11-9051 3.3 393.6 399.5 5.9 1.5

Entertainment and recreation managers, except gambling[2]

11-9072 3.3 35.8 39.7 3.9 10.8

Computer network support specialists

15-1231 3.3 166.7 178.8 12.1 7.3

Architectural and civil drafters

17-3011 3.3 112.3 113.6 1.3 1.1

Drafters, all other[2]

17-3019 3.3 18.5 17.4 -1.1 -5.7

Surveying and mapping technicians

17-3031 3.3 57.4 60.6 3.2 5.6

Nuclear technicians

19-4051 3.3 5.4 5.1 -0.3 -6.2

Forest and conservation technicians

19-4071 3.3 31.3 31.8 0.5 1.7

Self-enrichment teachers

25-3021 3.3 370.1 382.8 12.7 3.4

Museum technicians and conservators

25-4013 3.3 14.4 16.0 1.6 10.7

Designers, all other[2]

27-1029 3.3 30.4 31.3 0.9 3.0

Court reporters and simultaneous captioners

27-3092 3.3 17.5 17.9 0.3 1.8

Broadcast technicians

27-4012 3.3 30.0 30.0 0.0 0.1

Acupuncturists

29-1291 3.3 22.1 23.3 1.2 5.5

Radiologic technologists and technicians

29-2034 3.3 227.8 241.0 13.1 5.8

Occupational therapy aides

31-2012 3.3 4.6 4.8 0.2 3.7

Phlebotomists

31-9097 3.3 141.2 152.2 11.0 7.8

Forest fire inspectors and prevention specialists

33-2022 3.3 2.4 2.8 0.4 16.3

Animal control workers

33-9011 3.3 12.0 12.6 0.6 4.9

Pest control workers

37-2021 3.3 98.2 105.1 6.9 7.0

Morticians, undertakers, and funeral arrangers

39-4031 3.3 25.3 26.1 0.9 3.5

Recreation workers

39-9032 3.3 300.0 316.5 16.5 5.5

Sales representatives, wholesale and manufacturing, except technical and scientific products

41-4012 3.3 1,356.1 1,366.1 10.0 0.7

Billing and posting clerks

43-3021 3.3 449.0 451.3 2.3 0.5

Bookkeeping, accounting, and auditing clerks

43-3031 3.3 1,663.8 1,579.9 -83.9 -5.0

Financial clerks, all other[2]

43-3099 3.3 46.2 47.3 1.1 2.3

Court, municipal, and license clerks

43-4031 3.3 165.1 171.4 6.3 3.8

File clerks

43-4071 3.3 87.2 73.9 -13.3 -15.3

Office clerks, general

43-9061 3.3 2,645.8 2,498.2 -147.5 -5.6

Office and administrative support workers, all other[2]

43-9199 3.3 206.8 190.8 -16.0 -7.7

Fabric and apparel patternmakers

51-6092 3.3 2.7 2.4 -0.3 -11.7

Water and wastewater treatment plant and system operators

51-8031 3.3 124.7 117.2 -7.5 -6.0

Computer numerically controlled tool programmers

51-9162 3.3 28.3 32.5 4.2 14.9

Commercial pilots

53-2012 3.3 56.5 59.7 3.2 5.7

Captains, mates, and pilots of water vessels

53-5021 3.3 40.2 41.2 0.9 2.3

Mechanical drafters

17-3013 3.2 50.4 47.9 -2.5 -4.9

Electro-mechanical and mechatronics technologists and technicians

17-3024 3.2 15.8 15.6 -0.2 -1.2

Preschool teachers, except special education

25-2011 3.2 528.5 551.8 23.3 4.4

Actors

27-2011 3.2 76.0 79.5 3.5 4.5

Lighting technicians[2]

27-4015 3.2 10.8 10.5 -0.3 -3.0

Media and communication equipment workers, all other[2]

27-4099 3.2 13.3 13.7 0.5 3.4

Dental hygienists

29-1292 3.2 214.1 233.7 19.6 9.2

Ophthalmic medical technicians

29-2057 3.2 74.8 85.3 10.5 14.1

Home health and personal care aides

31-1120 3.2 3,961.9 4,782.4 820.5 20.7

Dental assistants

31-9091 3.2 376.5 408.0 31.5 8.4

Medical equipment preparers

31-9093 3.2 70.7 74.7 4.0 5.7

Veterinary assistants and laboratory animal caretakers

31-9096 3.2 118.2 141.1 22.9 19.4

Correctional officers and jailers

33-3012 3.2 370.9 346.0 -24.8 -6.7

Chefs and head cooks

35-1011 3.2 187.1 202.6 15.5 8.3

First-line supervisors of landscaping, lawn service, and groundskeeping workers

37-1012 3.2 222.4 230.2 7.8 3.5

Bill and account collectors

43-3011 3.2 196.5 177.8 -18.6 -9.5

Tellers

43-3071 3.2 350.3 298.8 -51.4 -14.7

Receptionists and information clerks

43-4171 3.2 1,054.5 1,048.8 -5.7 -0.5

Cargo and freight agents

43-5011 3.2 106.7 117.0 10.3 9.7

Weighers, measurers, checkers, and samplers, recordkeeping

43-5111 3.2 51.8 50.1 -1.7 -3.3

Word processors and typists

43-9022 3.2 39.9 24.8 -15.2 -38.0

First-line supervisors of construction trades and extraction workers

47-1011 3.2 853.2 903.4 50.3 5.9

Electricians

47-2111 3.2 779.8 864.1 84.3 10.8

Rotary drill operators, oil and gas

47-5012 3.2 12.8 13.1 0.3 2.2

Radio, cellular, and tower equipment installers and repairers

49-2021 3.2 12.0 12.9 0.8 6.8

Telecommunications equipment installers and repairers, except line installers

49-2022 3.2 162.3 156.8 -5.5 -3.4

Electrical and electronics repairers, powerhouse, substation, and relay

49-2095 3.2 25.4 25.7 0.2 0.8

Manufactured building and mobile home installers

49-9095 3.2 3.3 2.7 -0.6 -19.6

Chemical plant and system operators

51-8091 3.2 18.4 18.2 -0.1 -0.8

Plant and system operators, all other[2]

51-8099 3.2 15.8 16.3 0.5 3.2

Medical appliance technicians

51-9082 3.2 13.0 13.5 0.5 3.9

Aircraft cargo handling supervisors

53-1041 3.2 9.1 9.7 0.7 7.7

Locomotive engineers

53-4011 3.2 27.5 27.9 0.4 1.3

Ship engineers

53-5031 3.2 9.5 9.8 0.3 3.4

Traffic technicians

53-6041 3.2 7.8 8.2 0.3 4.2

Pump operators, except wellhead pumpers

53-7072 3.2 11.7 12.3 0.6 5.0

Library technicians

25-4031 3.1 81.5 77.0 -4.6 -5.6

Emergency medical technicians[2]

29-2042 3.1 169.7 180.0 10.3 6.1

Dietetic technicians

29-2051 3.1 25.0 26.1 1.1 4.3

Surgical technologists

29-2055 3.1 112.8 119.3 6.5 5.8

Nursing assistants

31-1131 3.1 1,419.4 1,481.8 62.4 4.4

Physical therapist aides

31-2022 3.1 44.3 45.6 1.3 2.9

Massage therapists

31-9011 3.1 147.1 173.2 26.0 17.7

Firefighters

33-2011 3.1 326.8 340.5 13.7 4.2

Parking enforcement workers

33-3041 3.1 7.9 7.9 0.0 -0.4

First-line supervisors of housekeeping and janitorial workers

37-1011 3.1 241.6 251.4 9.8 4.0

Animal trainers

39-2011 3.1 57.9 61.6 3.7 6.4

Residential advisors

39-9041 3.1 95.7 100.7 5.0 5.2

Counter and rental clerks

41-2021 3.1 403.7 420.8 17.1 4.2

Demonstrators and product promoters

41-9011 3.1 56.5 59.2 2.8 4.9

Library assistants, clerical

43-4121 3.1 87.7 82.7 -5.0 -5.7

New accounts clerks

43-4141 3.1 42.2 36.0 -6.2 -14.6

Postal service clerks

43-5051 3.1 74.6 72.4 -2.2 -3.0

First-line supervisors of farming, fishing, and forestry workers

45-1011 3.1 68.9 71.0 2.1 3.1

Hazardous materials removal workers

47-4041 3.1 50.3 50.9 0.5 1.0

Service unit operators, oil and gas

47-5013 3.1 48.7 49.7 1.0 2.1

Electric motor, power tool, and related repairers

49-2092 3.1 17.7 18.6 0.9 5.0

Electrical and electronics repairers, commercial and industrial equipment

49-2094 3.1 59.8 60.5 0.7 1.2

Electronic equipment installers and repairers, motor vehicles

49-2096 3.1 9.1 7.9 -1.2 -13.2

Mobile heavy equipment mechanics, except engines

49-3042 3.1 191.1 207.3 16.2 8.5

Heating, air conditioning, and refrigeration mechanics and installers

49-9021 3.1 441.2 481.3 40.1 9.1

Wind turbine service technicians

49-9081 3.1 11.4 18.2 6.8 60.1

Commercial divers

49-9092 3.1 3.2 3.5 0.3 8.3

Food cooking machine operators and tenders

51-3093 3.1 30.7 31.1 0.3 1.0

Model makers, wood

51-7031 3.1 1.1 1.0 -0.1 -12.8

Power plant operators

51-8013 3.1 32.4 29.3 -3.1 -9.4

Gas plant operators

51-8092 3.1 16.1 14.6 -1.6 -9.8

Petroleum pump system operators, refinery operators, and gaugers

51-8093 3.1 33.6 32.8 -0.8 -2.3

Dental laboratory technicians

51-9081 3.1 35.1 33.7 -1.5 -4.2

Semiconductor processing technicians

51-9141 3.1 26.6 30.1 3.4 13.0

Ambulance drivers and attendants, except emergency medical technicians

53-3011 3.1 11.6 11.6 0.0 -0.1

Tank car, truck, and ship loaders

53-7121 3.1 12.7 13.2 0.5 3.9

Merchandise displayers and window trimmers

27-1026 3.0 176.4 184.7 8.4 4.8

Athletes and sports competitors

27-2021 3.0 25.1 27.8 2.8 11.1

Musicians and singers

27-2042 3.0 169.3 172.8 3.5 2.1

Photographers

27-4021 3.0 151.1 156.9 5.8 3.9

Pharmacy aides

31-9095 3.0 44.0 44.4 0.4 0.9

Security guards

33-9032 3.0 1,229.6 1,256.3 26.6 2.2

Transportation security screeners

33-9093 3.0 51.7 52.2 0.5 0.9

Protective service workers, all other[2]

33-9099 3.0 83.5 86.3 2.8 3.3

First-line supervisors of food preparation and serving workers

35-1012 3.0 1,211.4 1,288.2 76.8 6.3

Embalmers

39-4011 3.0 3.4 3.5 0.0 1.2

Hairdressers, hairstylists, and cosmetologists

39-5012 3.0 571.1 611.4 40.3 7.1

Makeup artists, theatrical and performance

39-5091 3.0 7.4 8.1 0.7 9.4

Concierges

39-6012 3.0 41.8 44.0 2.3 5.4

Childcare workers

39-9011 3.0 970.8 957.8 -13.0 -1.3

Personal care and service workers, all other[2]

39-9099 3.0 93.1 104.4 11.3 12.1

First-line supervisors of retail sales workers

41-1011 3.0 1,407.4 1,316.9 -90.5 -6.4

Retail salespersons

41-2031 3.0 3,810.1 3,814.7 4.5 0.1

Telemarketers

41-9041 3.0 85.2 66.8 -18.3 -21.5

Gambling cage workers

43-3041 3.0 13.1 12.7 -0.5 -3.7

Shipping, receiving, and inventory clerks

43-5071 3.0 848.7 784.2 -64.4 -7.6

Office machine operators, except computer

43-9071 3.0 29.2 24.8 -4.4 -15.1

Log graders and scalers

45-4023 3.0 5.2 5.1 -0.1 -1.5

Carpenters

47-2031 3.0 923.1 961.6 38.6 4.2

Elevator and escalator installers and repairers

47-4021 3.0 24.4 25.8 1.4 5.7

Miscellaneous construction and related workers[2]

47-4090 3.0 31.6 32.9 1.3 4.0

Explosives workers, ordnance handling experts, and blasters

47-5032 3.0 4.8 4.8 0.1 1.2

Computer, automated teller, and office machine repairers

49-2011 3.0 85.7 84.0 -1.7 -2.0

Audiovisual equipment installers and repairers

49-2097 3.0 27.8 28.3 0.5 1.9

Security and fire alarm systems installers

49-2098 3.0 86.0 93.4 7.4 8.6

Automotive service technicians and mechanics

49-3023 3.0 794.6 815.9 21.2 2.7

Recreational vehicle service technicians

49-3092 3.0 18.4 20.2 1.8 9.9

Control and valve installers and repairers, except mechanical door

49-9012 3.0 48.8 49.6 0.8 1.6

Home appliance repairers

49-9031 3.0 37.5 37.8 0.3 0.8

Industrial machinery mechanics

49-9041 3.0 429.5 503.3 73.8 17.2

Millwrights

49-9044 3.0 42.3 44.3 2.0 4.8

Medical equipment repairers

49-9062 3.0 67.0 79.3 12.3 18.4

Precision instrument and equipment repairers, all other[2]

49-9069 3.0 10.9 11.2 0.4 3.5

Maintenance and repair workers, general

49-9071 3.0 1,616.5 1,698.3 81.8 5.1

Locksmiths and safe repairers

49-9094 3.0 17.6 15.8 -1.7 -9.9

Installation, maintenance, and repair workers, all other[2]

49-9099 3.0 201.5 208.7 7.2 3.6

Food and tobacco roasting, baking, and drying machine operators and tenders

51-3091 3.0 19.6 20.0 0.4 2.2

Food batchmakers

51-3092 3.0 171.3 186.8 15.5 9.1

Forging machine setters, operators, and tenders, metal and plastic

51-4022 3.0 9.3 7.9 -1.5 -15.7

Drilling and boring machine tool setters, operators, and tenders, metal and plastic

51-4032 3.0 5.8 4.7 -1.1 -19.2

Multiple machine tool setters, operators, and tenders, metal and plastic

51-4081 3.0 130.0 132.3 2.3 1.8

Layout workers, metal and plastic

51-4192 3.0 6.9 6.7 -0.2 -3.5

Prepress technicians and workers

51-5111 3.0 23.3 19.0 -4.3 -18.5

Print binding and finishing workers

51-5113 3.0 38.1 31.4 -6.7 -17.5

Stationary engineers and boiler operators

51-8021 3.0 35.5 36.9 1.4 4.1

Mixing and blending machine setters, operators, and tenders

51-9023 3.0 107.8 112.4 4.7 4.3

Inspectors, testers, sorters, samplers, and weighers

51-9061 3.0 595.5 577.7 -17.8 -3.0

Cooling and freezing equipment operators and tenders

51-9193 3.0 7.1 7.8 0.7 9.4

Rail yard engineers, dinkey operators, and hostlers

53-4013 3.0 2.4 2.4 0.0 0.5

Railroad conductors and yardmasters

53-4031 3.0 41.1 41.9 0.8 1.9

Rail transportation workers, all other[2]

53-4099 3.0 1.9 2.0 0.1 3.5

Gas compressor and gas pumping station operators

53-7071 3.0 4.5 4.5 0.1 1.2

Umpires, referees, and other sports officials

27-2023 2.9 23.1 25.5 2.4 10.4

Camera operators, television, video, and film

27-4031 2.9 38.2 38.9 0.7 1.9

Cooks, institution and cafeteria

35-2012 2.9 456.3 471.1 14.9 3.3

Animal caretakers

39-2021 2.9 364.6 425.2 60.6 16.6

Costume attendants

39-3092 2.9 6.5 7.0 0.5 7.1

Skincare specialists

39-5094 2.9 81.8 90.2 8.4 10.3

Tour and travel guides

39-7010 2.9 56.3 61.7 5.3 9.5

Exercise trainers and group fitness instructors

39-9031 2.9 350.1 397.7 47.5 13.6

Gambling change persons and booth cashiers

41-2012 2.9 21.4 20.5 -0.9 -4.3

Door-to-door sales workers, news and street vendors, and related workers

41-9091 2.9 32.4 27.7 -4.8 -14.6

Telephone operators

43-2021 2.9 4.7 3.5 -1.2 -26.4

Hotel, motel, and resort desk clerks

43-4081 2.9 271.3 290.2 18.9 7.0

Couriers and messengers

43-5021 2.9 225.5 244.3 18.8 8.3

Mail clerks and mail machine operators, except postal service

43-9051 2.9 70.6 66.2 -4.4 -6.2

Boilermakers

47-2011 2.9 11.3 11.2 -0.1 -1.2

Excavating and loading machine and dragline operators, surface mining

47-5022 2.9 34.4 34.1 -0.3 -0.8

Earth drillers, except oil and gas

47-5023 2.9 18.9 19.7 0.8 4.0

Electrical and electronics installers and repairers, transportation equipment

49-2093 2.9 7.6 8.2 0.5 6.9

Farm equipment mechanics and service technicians

49-3041 2.9 48.0 53.5 5.5 11.4

Motorcycle mechanics

49-3052 2.9 16.0 16.4 0.4 2.5

Bicycle repairers

49-3091 2.9 14.5 15.3 0.8 5.6

Mechanical door repairers

49-9011 2.9 27.7 30.9 3.2 11.4

Telecommunications line installers and repairers

49-9052 2.9 102.2 99.4 -2.8 -2.7

Aircraft structure, surfaces, rigging, and systems assemblers

51-2011 2.9 31.4 26.3 -5.2 -16.4

Electrical, electronic, and electromechanical assemblers, except coil winders, tapers, and finishers

51-2028 2.9 271.1 290.6 19.5 7.2

Fiberglass laminators and fabricators

51-2051 2.9 20.9 21.8 1.0 4.6

Miscellaneous assemblers and fabricators[2]

51-2090 2.9 1,520.8 1,527.9 7.0 0.5

Model makers, metal and plastic

51-4061 2.9 2.9 2.4 -0.5 -17.6

Molding, coremaking, and casting machine setters, operators, and tenders, metal and plastic

51-4072 2.9 158.8 154.9 -3.9 -2.5

Heat treating equipment setters, operators, and tenders, metal and plastic

51-4191 2.9 15.2 13.8 -1.4 -9.5

Plating machine setters, operators, and tenders, metal and plastic

51-4193 2.9 32.4 28.8 -3.6 -11.1

Patternmakers, wood

51-7032 2.9 0.5 0.4 -0.1 -13.5

Crushing, grinding, and polishing machine setters, operators, and tenders

51-9021 2.9 26.5 26.3 -0.3 -1.0

Grinding and polishing workers, hand

51-9022 2.9 12.5 10.3 -2.2 -17.8

Cutting and slicing machine setters, operators, and tenders

51-9032 2.9 52.5 51.1 -1.4 -2.7

Extruding, forming, pressing, and compacting machine setters, operators, and tenders

51-9041 2.9 57.2 58.7 1.6 2.7

Furnace, kiln, oven, drier, and kettle operators and tenders

51-9051 2.9 15.2 15.5 0.3 2.0

Ophthalmic laboratory technicians

51-9083 2.9 18.9 19.2 0.3 1.6

Photographic process workers and processing machine operators

51-9151 2.9 9.2 9.4 0.1 1.5

Adhesive bonding machine operators and tenders

51-9191 2.9 12.5 12.4 -0.1 -0.5

Molders, shapers, and casters, except metal and plastic

51-9195 2.9 49.2 51.8 2.6 5.3

Flight attendants

53-2031 2.9 130.3 143.2 12.9 9.9

Light truck drivers

53-3033 2.9 1,092.6 1,188.9 96.3 8.8

Railroad brake, signal, and switch operators and locomotive firers

53-4022 2.9 12.0 12.1 0.2 1.5

Transportation workers, all other[2]

53-6099 2.9 11.3 11.9 0.6 5.3

Crane and tower operators

53-7021 2.9 42.6 44.2 1.6 3.7

Fine artists, including painters, sculptors, and illustrators

27-1013 2.8 26.3 27.4 1.1 4.0

Bailiffs

33-3011 2.8 16.7 16.5 -0.2 -1.4

School bus monitors[2]

33-9094 2.8 70.1 68.4 -1.7 -2.4

Bartenders

35-3011 2.8 734.3 798.9 64.5 8.8

Pesticide handlers, sprayers, and applicators, vegetation

37-3012 2.8 26.7 28.0 1.4 5.1

Gambling and sports book writers and runners

39-3012 2.8 9.6 9.4 -0.2 -2.4

Crematory operators[2]

39-4012 2.8 3.2 3.4 0.2 4.7

Funeral attendants

39-4021 2.8 32.9 33.9 1.1 3.2

Baggage porters and bellhops

39-6011 2.8 29.5 29.6 0.1 0.5

Cashiers

41-2011 2.8 3,338.8 2,985.7 -353.1 -10.6

Switchboard operators, including answering service

43-2011 2.8 44.9 33.6 -11.3 -25.2

Communications equipment operators, all other[2]

43-2099 2.8 1.4 1.5 0.1 5.1

Meter readers, utilities

43-5041 2.8 20.4 18.1 -2.3 -11.4

Farmworkers and laborers, crop, nursery, and greenhouse

45-2092 2.8 497.3 485.4 -11.9 -2.4

Farmworkers, farm, ranch, and aquacultural animals

45-2093 2.8 204.7 194.1 -10.6 -5.2

Forest and conservation workers

45-4011 2.8 10.9 10.5 -0.4 -3.8

Stonemasons

47-2022 2.8 12.4 12.0 -0.4 -3.6

Plumbers, pipefitters, and steamfitters

47-2152 2.8 473.4 499.7 26.3 5.6

Derrick operators, oil and gas

47-5011 2.8 12.1 12.5 0.4 3.1

Helpers--extraction workers

47-5081 2.8 7.7 7.8 0.1 1.8

Bus and truck mechanics and diesel engine specialists

49-3031 2.8 300.2 308.7 8.5 2.8

Outdoor power equipment and other small engine mechanics

49-3053 2.8 40.0 41.2 1.2 2.9

Electrical power-line installers and repairers

49-9051 2.8 123.4 132.8 9.4 7.6

Riggers

49-9096 2.8 24.2 25.4 1.2 4.9

Signal and track switch repairers

49-9097 2.8 9.3 9.5 0.2 2.3

Rolling machine setters, operators, and tenders, metal and plastic

51-4023 2.8 25.0 23.1 -1.9 -7.7

Milling and planing machine setters, operators, and tenders, metal and plastic

51-4035 2.8 14.1 12.3 -1.8 -12.9

Machinists

51-4041 2.8 298.0 303.0 5.0 1.7

Metal-refining furnace operators and tenders

51-4051 2.8 21.4 20.4 -1.0 -4.8

Tool and die makers

51-4111 2.8 59.1 53.3 -5.8 -9.7

Printing press operators

51-5112 2.8 156.2 141.3 -14.9 -9.5

Extruding and forming machine setters, operators, and tenders, synthetic and glass fibers

51-6091 2.8 15.1 14.7 -0.5 -3.1

Upholsterers

51-6093 2.8 30.7 30.1 -0.6 -2.0

Cabinetmakers and bench carpenters

51-7011 2.8 99.7 97.0 -2.7 -2.7

Separating, filtering, clarifying, precipitating, and still machine setters, operators, and tenders

51-9012 2.8 53.4 54.3 0.9 1.7

Packaging and filling machine operators and tenders

51-9111 2.8 367.9 392.5 24.6 6.7

Computer numerically controlled tool operators

51-9161 2.8 189.9 172.4 -17.5 -9.2

Etchers and engravers

51-9194 2.8 11.7 11.9 0.3 2.3

Production workers, all other[2]

51-9199 2.8 265.1 270.1 5.0 1.9

Driver/sales workers

53-3031 2.8 503.2 549.3 46.1 9.2

Bus drivers, school[2]

53-3051 2.8 365.3 368.9 3.6 1.0

Bus drivers, transit and intercity

53-3052 2.8 194.1 204.1 10.1 5.2

Shuttle drivers and chauffeurs[2]

53-3053 2.8 222.3 241.3 19.0 8.5

Taxi drivers[2]

53-3054 2.8 171.1 193.8 22.7 13.3

Motor vehicle operators, all other[2]

53-3099 2.8 86.5 93.6 7.1 8.3

Subway and streetcar operators

53-4041 2.8 15.4 16.0 0.7 4.2

Sailors and marine oilers

53-5011 2.8 32.1 33.2 1.1 3.5

Conveyor operators and tenders

53-7011 2.8 30.4 30.1 -0.3 -0.9

Hoist and winch operators

53-7041 2.8 2.7 2.7 0.0 -0.5

Wellhead pumpers

53-7073 2.8 19.4 19.0 -0.4 -2.0

Lifeguards, ski patrol, and other recreational protective service workers

33-9092 2.7 129.1 137.9 8.8 6.8

Cooks, private household

35-2013 2.7 37.8 35.4 -2.4 -6.3

Postal service mail sorters, processors, and processing machine operators

43-5053 2.7 111.3 102.5 -8.7 -7.9

Animal breeders

45-2021 2.7 6.7 6.9 0.2 2.4

Agricultural workers, all other[2]

45-2099 2.7 11.0 11.3 0.3 2.5

Brickmasons and blockmasons

47-2021 2.7 72.6 75.0 2.4 3.3

Construction laborers

47-2061 2.7 1,401.2 1,516.6 115.4 8.2

Operating engineers and other construction equipment operators

47-2073 2.7 468.0 487.6 19.6 4.2

Glaziers

47-2121 2.7 56.5 58.6 2.1 3.8

Painters, construction and maintenance

47-2141 2.7 338.9 352.4 13.6 4.0

Sheet metal workers

47-2211 2.7 124.2 127.1 2.9 2.3

Solar photovoltaic installers

47-2231 2.7 25.0 37.0 12.0 48.0

Rail-track laying and maintenance equipment operators

47-4061 2.7 17.7 18.1 0.4 2.5

Septic tank servicers and sewer pipe cleaners

47-4071 2.7 30.1 32.6 2.4 8.1

Extraction workers, all other[2]

47-5099 2.7 7.4 7.4 0.0 -0.5

Rail car repairers

49-3043 2.7 20.2 21.1 0.9 4.4

Motorboat mechanics and service technicians

49-3051 2.7 26.1 27.8 1.8 6.7

Maintenance workers, machinery

49-9043 2.7 59.0 63.6 4.6 7.8

Refractory materials repairers, except brickmasons

49-9045 2.7 0.6 0.5 -0.1 -17.8

Camera and photographic equipment repairers

49-9061 2.7 2.6 2.2 -0.4 -16.9

Musical instrument repairers and tuners

49-9063 2.7 6.3 6.4 0.1 1.5

Coin, vending, and amusement machine servicers and repairers

49-9091 2.7 39.3 39.2 -0.1 -0.4

Cutting, punching, and press machine setters, operators, and tenders, metal and plastic

51-4031 2.7 181.3 161.0 -20.3 -11.2

Grinding, lapping, polishing, and buffing machine tool setters, operators, and tenders, metal and plastic

51-4033 2.7 76.3 68.1 -8.2 -10.7

Lathe and turning machine tool setters, operators, and tenders, metal and plastic

51-4034 2.7 19.7 17.5 -2.3 -11.4

Patternmakers, metal and plastic

51-4062 2.7 2.2 1.7 -0.5 -22.2

Tool grinders, filers, and sharpeners

51-4194 2.7 6.8 6.3 -0.5 -7.8

Textile bleaching and dyeing machine operators and tenders

51-6061 2.7 6.9 6.1 -0.7 -10.3

Paper goods machine setters, operators, and tenders

51-9196 2.7 95.2 83.3 -11.9 -12.5

Heavy and tractor-trailer truck drivers

53-3032 2.7 2,211.3 2,313.4 102.0 4.6

Motorboat operators

53-5022 2.7 3.1 3.2 0.1 3.4

Bridge and lock tenders

53-6011 2.7 3.6 3.6 0.0 0.5

Parking attendants

53-6021 2.7 120.9 127.3 6.4 5.3

Automotive and watercraft service attendants

53-6031 2.7 94.6 94.5 -0.1 -0.1

Industrial truck and tractor operators

53-7051 2.7 770.8 791.9 21.2 2.7

Laborers and freight, stock, and material movers, hand

53-7062 2.7 3,004.8 3,130.6 125.7 4.2

Stockers and order fillers

53-7065 2.7 2,864.7 3,033.3 168.6 5.9

Farm labor contractors

13-1074 2.6 1.5 1.6 0.1 6.6

Craft artists

27-1012 2.6 14.3 14.6 0.3 2.2

Floral designers

27-1023 2.6 53.7 48.1 -5.6 -10.4

Dancers

27-2031 2.6 15.2 16.2 1.0 6.7

Orderlies

31-1132 2.6 50.0 52.2 2.3 4.5

Cooks, restaurant

35-2014 2.6 1,434.2 1,678.6 244.5 17.0

Cooks, short order

35-2015 2.6 128.8 123.5 -5.3 -4.1

Cooks, all other[2]

35-2019 2.6 20.0 21.1 1.0 5.2

Tree trimmers and pruners

37-3013 2.6 67.1 70.4 3.2 4.8

Amusement and recreation attendants

39-3091 2.6 381.5 398.6 17.1 4.5

Entertainment attendants and related workers, all other[2]

39-3099 2.6 7.9 8.3 0.4 5.2

Logging equipment operators

45-4022 2.6 34.1 32.8 -1.3 -3.8

Tile and stone setters

47-2044 2.6 55.6 61.4 5.8 10.4

Pipelayers

47-2151 2.6 37.3 36.4 -0.9 -2.3

Plasterers and stucco masons

47-2161 2.6 24.1 24.9 0.8 3.3

Structural iron and steel workers

47-2221 2.6 66.1 68.9 2.7 4.1

Helpers--electricians

47-3013 2.6 71.5 72.2 0.7 1.0

Highway maintenance workers

47-4051 2.6 160.4 166.5 6.1 3.8

Automotive body and related repairers

49-3021 2.6 169.2 171.4 2.1 1.3

Watch and clock repairers

49-9064 2.6 1.9 1.9 0.0 0.0

Coil winders, tapers, and finishers

51-2021 2.6 12.1 10.9 -1.1 -9.3

Engine and other machine assemblers

51-2031 2.6 49.0 38.6 -10.4 -21.3

Timing device assemblers and adjusters

51-2061 2.6 0.4 0.3 -0.1 -16.3

Bakers

51-3011 2.6 243.4 256.1 12.7 5.2

Food processing workers, all other[2]

51-3099 2.6 66.8 69.7 2.9 4.4

Extruding and drawing machine setters, operators, and tenders, metal and plastic

51-4021 2.6 64.1 65.3 1.3 2.0

Pourers and casters, metal

51-4052 2.6 5.6 5.2 -0.4 -6.7

Metal workers and plastic workers, all other[2]

51-4199 2.6 20.7 19.2 -1.4 -6.9

Shoe and leather workers and repairers

51-6041 2.6 9.4 8.3 -1.1 -11.9

Tailors, dressmakers, and custom sewers

51-6052 2.6 24.6 23.0 -1.6 -6.5

Textile cutting machine setters, operators, and tenders

51-6062 2.6 9.9 8.7 -1.2 -11.7

Textile knitting and weaving machine setters, operators, and tenders

51-6063 2.6 16.4 14.4 -1.9 -11.8

Furniture finishers

51-7021 2.6 18.2 17.9 -0.3 -1.6

Woodworkers, all other[2]

51-7099 2.6 15.1 13.1 -2.0 -13.5

Coating, painting, and spraying machine setters, operators, and tenders

51-9124 2.6 167.9 169.9 2.0 1.2

Passenger attendants

53-6061 2.6 21.6 22.9 1.3 5.8

Material moving workers, all other[2]

53-7199 2.6 26.5 27.6 1.2 4.4

Food preparation workers

35-2021 2.5 904.8 870.8 -34.0 -3.8

Waiters and waitresses

35-3031 2.5 2,277.9 2,300.8 22.9 1.0

Food servers, nonrestaurant

35-3041 2.5 278.6 292.2 13.7 4.9

Hosts and hostesses, restaurant, lounge, and coffee shop

35-9031 2.5 435.6 437.0 1.4 0.3

Janitors and cleaners, except maids and housekeeping cleaners

37-2011 2.5 2,431.6 2,507.3 75.8 3.1

Gambling dealers

39-3011 2.5 86.8 89.6 2.8 3.2

Gambling service workers, all other[2]

39-3019 2.5 14.5 14.9 0.4 2.9

Motion picture projectionists

39-3021 2.5 2.6 2.5 -0.1 -5.0

Ushers, lobby attendants, and ticket takers

39-3031 2.5 119.7 122.7 3.1 2.6

Shampooers

39-5093 2.5 13.3 14.5 1.3 9.5

Logging workers, all other[2]

45-4029 2.5 3.7 3.4 -0.3 -7.4

Floor layers, except carpet, wood, and hard tiles

47-2042 2.5 32.8 36.1 3.3 10.1

Floor sanders and finishers

47-2043 2.5 6.6 6.8 0.2 2.5

Drywall and ceiling tile installers

47-2081 2.5 116.6 120.4 3.8 3.3

Insulation workers, floor, ceiling, and wall

47-2131 2.5 39.1 40.2 1.0 2.7

Insulation workers, mechanical

47-2132 2.5 23.4 24.6 1.2 5.1

Roofers

47-2181 2.5 168.1 177.9 9.8 5.8

Helpers--carpenters

47-3012 2.5 22.3 21.6 -0.7 -3.0

Helpers--roofers

47-3016 2.5 4.8 5.0 0.3 5.6

Roof bolters, mining

47-5043 2.5 2.0 1.4 -0.6 -32.0

Automotive glass installers and repairers

49-3022 2.5 21.7 22.1 0.4 2.0

Tire repairers and changers

49-3093 2.5 107.6 113.3 5.7 5.3

Structural metal fabricators and fitters

51-2041 2.5 59.3 50.3 -9.1 -15.3

Butchers and meat cutters

51-3021 2.5 139.1 136.2 -2.9 -2.1

Meat, poultry, and fish cutters and trimmers

51-3022 2.5 141.1 147.7 6.6 4.7

Welding, soldering, and brazing machine setters, operators, and tenders

51-4122 2.5 35.6 32.5 -3.2 -8.9

Sewers, hand

51-6051 2.5 5.6 4.9 -0.7 -12.2

Painting, coating, and decorating workers

51-9123 2.5 11.4 11.6 0.2 1.5

Cleaning, washing, and metal pickling equipment operators and tenders

51-9192 2.5 15.8 16.6 0.7 4.5

Dredge operators

53-7031 2.5 1.2 1.2 0.0 2.1

Machine feeders and offbearers

53-7063 2.5 43.8 38.2 -5.6 -12.7

Cooks, fast food

35-2011 2.4 682.2 588.5 -93.7 -13.7

Maids and housekeeping cleaners

37-2012 2.4 1,335.5 1,346.2 10.8 0.8

Building cleaning workers, all other[2]

37-2019 2.4 15.2 15.8 0.6 4.3

Locker room, coatroom, and dressing room attendants

39-3093 2.4 15.5 16.7 1.2 8.0

Barbers

39-5011 2.4 78.4 83.3 5.0 6.4

Postal service mail carriers

43-5052 2.4 316.7 307.1 -9.5 -3.0

Carpet installers

47-2041 2.4 20.3 18.5 -1.8 -8.9

Helpers, construction trades, all other[2]

47-3019 2.4 28.0 30.4 2.3 8.3

Continuous mining machine operators

47-5041 2.4 16.1 15.8 -0.3 -1.8

Loading and moving machine operators, underground mining

47-5044 2.4 5.3 4.1 -1.2 -22.9

Underground mining machine operators, all other[2]

47-5049 2.4 2.6 2.5 -0.1 -4.5

Shoe machine operators and tenders

51-6042 2.4 6.1 5.2 -0.8 -13.6

Textile winding, twisting, and drawing out machine setters, operators, and tenders

51-6064 2.4 24.1 22.0 -2.1 -8.8

Textile, apparel, and furnishings workers, all other[2]

51-6099 2.4 15.6 14.1 -1.5 -9.5

Cutters and trimmers, hand

51-9031 2.4 6.9 5.6 -1.3 -18.4

Jewelers and precious stone and metal workers

51-9071 2.4 46.2 44.5 -1.7 -3.7

Tire builders

51-9197 2.4 20.7 21.3 0.6 3.1

Helpers--production workers

51-9198 2.4 183.5 168.4 -15.2 -8.3

Crossing guards and flaggers

33-9091 2.3 93.0 97.2 4.2 4.5

Manicurists and pedicurists

39-5092 2.3 212.7 237.8 25.1 11.8

Fishing and hunting workers

45-3031 2.3 25.5 25.3 -0.2 -0.7

Pile driver operators

47-2072 2.3 3.1 3.3 0.1 4.6

Paperhangers

47-2142 2.3 2.9 3.1 0.2 5.7

Reinforcing iron and rebar workers

47-2171 2.3 21.9 22.9 0.9 4.2

Helpers--brickmasons, blockmasons, stonemasons, and tile and marble setters

47-3011 2.3 17.1 15.6 -1.6 -9.1

Helpers--pipelayers, plumbers, pipefitters, and steamfitters

47-3015 2.3 47.1 49.8 2.8 5.9

Fence erectors

47-4031 2.3 24.3 25.5 1.2 4.8

Rock splitters, quarry

47-5051 2.3 3.7 3.8 0.1 2.8

Helpers--installation, maintenance, and repair workers

49-9098 2.3 104.6 109.2 4.6 4.4

Laundry and dry-cleaning workers

51-6011 2.3 195.4 206.2 10.8 5.5

Sewing machine operators

51-6031 2.3 128.7 111.8 -17.0 -13.2

Woodworking machine setters, operators, and tenders, except sawing

51-7042 2.3 60.6 59.3 -1.3 -2.2

Packers and packagers, hand

53-7064 2.3 641.3 614.3 -26.9 -4.2

Refuse and recyclable material collectors

53-7081 2.3 148.4 151.9 3.5 2.3

Fast food and counter workers

35-3023 2.2 3,734.1 3,946.5 212.5 5.7

Dining room and cafeteria attendants and bartender helpers

35-9011 2.2 493.8 534.7 40.9 8.3

Food preparation and serving related workers, all other[2]

35-9099 2.2 88.6 95.3 6.8 7.6

Models

41-9012 2.2 3.6 3.6 0.0 -0.4

Graders and sorters, agricultural products

45-2041 2.2 32.2 30.6 -1.5 -4.7

Agricultural equipment operators

45-2091 2.2 62.7 68.0 5.3 8.4

Cement masons and concrete finishers

47-2051 2.2 211.8 210.3 -1.5 -0.7

Paving, surfacing, and tamping equipment operators

47-2071 2.2 44.5 46.3 1.7 3.9

Tapers

47-2082 2.2 20.0 19.8 -0.1 -0.7

Roustabouts, oil and gas

47-5071 2.2 46.0 48.6 2.5 5.5

Sawing machine setters, operators, and tenders, wood

51-7041 2.2 45.6 45.3 -0.2 -0.5

Cleaners of vehicles and equipment

53-7061 2.2 402.7 420.6 17.8 4.4

Dishwashers

35-9021 2.1 475.0 481.9 6.9 1.4

Terrazzo workers and finishers

47-2053 2.1 1.5 1.4 -0.1 -8.4

Helpers--painters, paperhangers, plasterers, and stucco masons

47-3014 2.1 7.8 8.0 0.1 1.9

Foundry mold and coremakers

51-4071 2.1 11.8 8.9 -2.9 -24.6

Welders, cutters, solderers, and brazers

51-4121 2.1 454.5 463.8 9.3 2.0

Grounds maintenance workers, all other[2]

37-3019 2.0 14.1 14.6 0.5 3.8

Fallers

45-4021 2.0 6.9 6.3 -0.6 -8.4

Slaughterers and meat packers

51-3023 2.0 72.8 73.8 1.0 1.4

Pressers, textile, garment, and related materials

51-6021 2.0 29.3 25.8 -3.5 -12.0

Landscaping and groundskeeping workers

37-3011 1.9 1,188.2 1,248.3 60.1 5.1

Footnotes:

[1] Skills scores range from 1.0 (Not important) to 5.0 (Extremely important). More information can be found on the EP definitions page: https://www.bls.gov/emp/documentation/definitions.htm.

[2] Skills information from similar O*NET-SOC occupation(s) imputed for this occupation. More information can be found in the following file: Crosswalk of O*NET-SOC occupations to National Employment Matrix occupations for skills mapping.xlsx.

Source: Employment Projections program, U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics

Last Modified Date: August 29, 2024