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Bureau of Labor Statistics > Employment Projections > Data

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Civilian labor force participation rate by age, sex, race, and ethnicity

Other available formats: (XLSX)

**Table 3.3 Civilian labor force participation rates by age, sex, race, and ethnicity, 2001, 2011, 2021, and projected 2031** (in percent)
Group	Participation rate, 2001	Participation rate, 2011	Participation rate, 2021	Participation rate, 2031	Participation rate change, 2001–11	Participation rate change, 2011–21	Participation rate change, 2021–31	Compound annual rate of change, 2001–11	Compound annual rate of change, 2011–21	Compound annual rate of change, 2021–31
Total, 16 years and older	66.8	64.1	61.7	60.1	-2.7	-2.5	-1.6	-0.4	-0.4	-0.3
16 to 24	64.5	55.0	55.5	51.1	-9.6	0.5	-4.4	-1.6	0.1	-0.8
16 to 19	49.6	34.1	36.2	29.7	-15.5	2.1	-6.5	-3.7	0.6	-2.0
20 to 24	77.1	71.3	70.8	67.9	-5.8	-0.5	-2.9	-0.8	-0.1	-0.4
25 to 54	83.7	81.6	81.6	81.1	-2.1	0.0	-0.5	-0.3	0.0	-0.1
25 to 34	84.0	81.5	81.9	81.2	-2.5	0.4	-0.8	-0.3	0.1	-0.1
35 to 44	84.6	82.7	82.0	81.3	-1.9	-0.7	-0.7	-0.2	-0.1	-0.1
45 to 54	82.3	80.7	80.7	80.9	-1.7	0.0	0.2	-0.2	0.0	0.0
55 and older	33.2	40.2	38.4	37.7	7.0	-1.9	-0.7	1.9	-0.5	-0.2
55 to 64	60.4	64.2	64.6	68.2	3.9	0.3	3.6	0.6	0.1	0.5
65 to 74	19.7	26.4	25.8	30.7	6.8	-0.6	4.9	3.0	-0.2	1.7
75 and older	5.2	7.5	8.6	11.1	2.2	1.1	2.5	3.6	1.4	2.6

Men	74.4	70.5	67.6	64.9	-4.0	-2.9	-2.7	-0.5	-0.4	-0.4
16 to 24	67.0	56.6	56.5	50.7	-10.4	-0.1	-5.8	-1.7	0.0	-1.1
16 to 19	50.2	33.7	35.9	28.8	-16.5	2.2	-7.1	-3.9	0.6	-2.2
20 to 24	81.6	74.7	73.0	68.2	-6.8	-1.7	-4.8	-0.9	-0.2	-0.7
25 to 54	91.3	88.7	88.0	86.4	-2.6	-0.7	-1.6	-0.3	-0.1	-0.2
25 to 34	92.7	89.2	87.7	85.3	-3.6	-1.5	-2.4	-0.4	-0.2	-0.3
35 to 44	92.5	90.9	89.6	88.3	-1.5	-1.3	-1.4	-0.2	-0.1	-0.2
45 to 54	88.5	86.2	86.6	85.4	-2.3	0.4	-1.2	-0.3	0.0	-0.1
55 and older	40.9	46.3	44.2	42.3	5.4	-2.1	-1.9	1.3	-0.5	-0.4
55 to 64	68.3	69.3	70.4	71.9	1.1	1.1	1.5	0.2	0.2	0.2
65 to 74	24.6	31.7	30.7	35.2	7.1	-1.0	4.5	2.6	-0.3	1.4
75 and older	8.2	10.4	11.5	14.0	2.2	1.1	2.4	2.4	1.0	1.9

Women	59.8	58.1	56.1	55.5	-1.7	-2.0	-0.6	-0.3	-0.4	-0.1
16 to 24	62.0	53.3	54.5	51.5	-8.7	1.2	-3.0	-1.5	0.2	-0.6
16 to 19	49.0	34.6	36.5	30.6	-14.4	2.0	-5.9	-3.4	0.6	-1.7
20 to 24	72.7	67.8	68.6	67.6	-5.0	0.8	-1.0	-0.7	0.1	-0.1
25 to 54	76.4	74.7	75.3	75.9	-1.7	0.7	0.6	-0.2	0.1	0.1
25 to 34	75.5	73.9	76.2	77.0	-1.7	2.3	0.8	-0.2	0.3	0.1
35 to 44	77.1	74.7	74.6	74.3	-2.4	0.0	-0.3	-0.3	0.0	0.0
45 to 54	76.4	75.4	75.0	76.5	-1.0	-0.3	1.5	-0.1	0.0	0.2
55 and older	27.0	35.1	33.3	33.6	8.0	-1.8	0.3	2.6	-0.5	0.1
55 to 64	53.2	59.5	59.2	64.8	6.4	-0.4	5.6	1.1	-0.1	0.9
65 to 74	15.6	21.8	21.6	26.7	6.2	-0.3	5.2	3.4	-0.1	2.2
75 and older	3.3	5.4	6.4	8.9	2.1	1.0	2.5	5.0	1.8	3.3

White	67.0	64.5	61.5	59.7	-2.5	-3.0	-1.8	-0.4	-0.5	-0.3
Men	75.1	71.3	67.9	65.0	-3.9	-3.4	-2.9	-0.5	-0.5	-0.4
Women	59.4	58.0	55.4	54.6	-1.4	-2.7	-0.8	-0.2	-0.5	-0.1

Black	65.3	61.4	60.9	59.5	-3.9	-0.5	-1.5	-0.6	-0.1	-0.2
Men	68.5	64.2	63.5	60.7	-4.2	-0.7	-2.8	-0.6	-0.1	-0.4
Women	62.8	59.1	58.8	58.4	-3.7	-0.4	-0.4	-0.6	-0.1	-0.1

All other groups(1)	66.8	64.0	63.9	63.6	-2.8	-0.1	-0.3	-0.4	0.0	0.0
Men	75.5	71.5	70.3	69.2	-4.0	-1.1	-1.1	-0.5	-0.2	-0.2
Women	58.9	57.1	58.0	58.4	-1.8	0.9	0.4	-0.3	0.1	0.1

Hispanic origin	69.5	66.5	65.5	64.9	-3.0	-1.0	-0.6	-0.4	-0.1	-0.1
Men	81.0	76.5	75.4	73.2	-4.5	-1.1	-2.2	-0.6	-0.1	-0.3
Women	57.5	55.9	55.8	56.6	-1.7	-0.1	0.9	-0.3	0.0	0.2

Other than Hispanic origin	66.5	63.7	60.9	58.9	-2.8	-2.9	-2.0	-0.4	-0.5	-0.3
Men	73.5	69.4	65.9	62.8	-4.1	-3.5	-3.2	-0.6	-0.5	-0.5
Women	60.1	58.5	56.1	55.3	-1.6	-2.3	-0.9	-0.3	-0.4	-0.2

Age of baby boomers	37 to 55	47 to 65	57 to 75	67 to 85
Footnotes: (1) The "all other groups" category includes (1) those classified as being of multiple racial origin and (2) the race categories of (2a) Asian, (2b) American Indian and Alaska Native or (2c) Native Hawaiian and Other Pacific Islanders. Note: Historic data may not match BLS' Current Populations Survey (CPS) data due to rounding at different aggregate levels. Source: Employment Projections program, U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics

Last Modified Date: September 8, 2022