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Employment Projections

Civilian labor force, by age, sex, race, and ethnicity

Other available formats: (XLSX)

Table 3.1 Civilian labor force by age, sex, race, and ethnicity, 2002, 2012, 2022, and projected 2032
(Numbers in thousands)

Group

Labor force, 2002

Labor force, 2012

Labor force, 2022

Labor force, 2032

Labor force change, 2002–12

Labor force change, 2012–22

Labor force change, 2022–32

Percent change, 2002–12

Percent change, 2012–22

Percent change, 2022–32

Percent distribution, 2002

Percent distribution, 2012

Percent distribution, 2022

Percent distribution, 2032

Compound annual rate of change,
2002–12

Compound annual rate of change,
2012–22

Compound annual rate of change,
2022–32

Total, 16 years and older

144,864

154,973

164,288

170,742

10,109

9,315

6,454

7.0

6.0

3.9

100.0

100.0

100.0

100.0

0.7

0.6

0.4

16 to 24

22,367

21,285

21,093

19,423

-1,082

-192

-1,669

-4.8

-0.9

-7.9

15.4

13.7

12.8

11.4

-0.5

-0.1

-0.8

16 to 19

7,586

5,823

6,275

5,237

-1,763

452

-1,037

-23.2

7.8

-16.5

5.2

3.8

3.8

3.1

-2.6

0.8

-1.8

20 to 24

14,781

15,462

14,818

14,185

681

-644

-632

4.6

-4.2

-4.3

10.2

10.0

9.0

8.3

0.5

-0.4

-0.4

25 to 54

101,720

101,251

104,837

110,236

-469

3,586

5,399

-0.5

3.5

5.2

70.2

65.3

63.8

64.6

0.0

0.3

0.5

25 to 34

32,195

33,463

36,726

36,036

1,267

3,262

-689

3.9

9.7

-1.9

22.2

21.6

22.4

21.1

0.4

0.9

-0.2

35 to 44

36,927

32,734

35,670

39,237

-4,193

2,936

3,567

-11.4

9.0

10.0

25.5

21.1

21.7

23.0

-1.2

0.9

1.0

45 to 54

32,596

35,053

32,441

34,963

2,456

-2,612

2,522

7.5

-7.5

7.8

22.5

22.6

19.7

20.5

0.7

-0.8

0.8

55 and older

20,777

32,437

38,358

41,082

11,660

5,921

2,724

56.1

18.3

7.1

14.3

20.9

23.3

24.1

4.6

1.7

0.7

55 to 64

16,308

24,710

27,461

26,477

8,402

2,751

-983

51.5

11.1

-3.6

11.3

15.9

16.7

15.5

4.2

1.1

-0.4

65 to 74

3,664

6,343

9,030

11,292

2,679

2,687

2,261

73.1

42.4

25.0

2.5

4.1

5.5

6.6

5.6

3.6

2.3

75 and older

803

1,383

1,866

3,312

579

483

1,446

72.0

34.9

77.5

0.6

0.9

1.1

1.9

5.6

3.0

5.9

 

Men, 16 years and older

77,499

82,326

87,421

90,019

4,826

5,095

2,598

6.2

6.2

3.0

53.5

53.1

53.2

52.7

0.6

0.6

0.3

16 to 24

11,639

11,050

10,770

9,717

-589

-280

-1,052

-5.1

-2.5

-9.8

8.0

7.1

6.6

5.7

-0.5

-0.3

-1.0

16 to 19

3,869

2,939

3,145

2,593

-930

205

-551

-24.0

7.0

-17.5

2.7

1.9

1.9

1.5

-2.7

0.7

-1.9

20 to 24

7,769

8,110

7,624

7,123

341

-485

-501

4.4

-6.0

-6.6

5.4

5.2

4.6

4.2

0.4

-0.6

-0.7

25 to 54

54,567

54,052

55,902

58,474

-515

1,850

2,572

-0.9

3.4

4.6

37.7

34.9

34.0

34.2

-0.1

0.3

0.5

25 to 34

17,595

18,081

19,488

18,782

486

1,406

-705

2.8

7.8

-3.6

12.1

11.7

11.9

11.0

0.3

0.8

-0.4

35 to 44

19,829

17,608

19,183

21,255

-2,221

1,575

2,071

-11.2

9.0

10.8

13.7

11.4

11.7

12.4

-1.2

0.9

1.0

45 to 54

17,142

18,362

17,229

18,436

1,219

-1,132

1,206

7.1

-6.2

7.0

11.8

11.8

10.5

10.8

0.7

-0.6

0.7

55 and older

11,293

17,224

20,748

21,826

5,931

3,524

1,077

52.5

20.5

5.2

7.8

11.1

12.6

12.8

4.3

1.9

0.5

55 to 64

8,750

12,879

14,623

13,738

4,129

1,744

-885

47.2

13.5

-6.1

6.0

8.3

8.9

8.0

3.9

1.3

-0.6

65 to 74

2,078

3,507

5,029

6,204

1,429

1,522

1,174

68.7

43.4

23.3

1.4

2.3

3.1

3.6

5.4

3.7

2.1

75 and older

464

837

1,095

1,884

373

257

789

80.4

30.8

72.1

0.3

0.5

0.7

1.1

6.1

2.7

5.6

 

Women, 16 years and older

67,364

72,647

76,867

80,723

5,283

4,220

3,856

7.8

5.8

5.0

46.5

46.9

46.8

47.3

0.8

0.6

0.5

16 to 24

10,728

10,235

10,323

9,706

-493

88

-616

-4.6

0.9

-6.0

7.4

6.6

6.3

5.7

-0.5

0.1

-0.6

16 to 19

3,716

2,883

3,129

2,643

-833

246

-486

-22.4

8.6

-15.5

2.6

1.9

1.9

1.5

-2.5

0.8

-1.7

20 to 24

7,011

7,352

7,193

7,062

340

-159

-130

4.8

-2.2

-1.8

4.8

4.7

4.4

4.1

0.5

-0.2

-0.2

25 to 54

47,152

47,198

48,935

51,761

46

1,736

2,826

0.1

3.7

5.8

32.5

30.5

29.8

30.3

0.0

0.4

0.6

25 to 34

14,600

15,381

17,238

17,253

781

1,856

15

5.4

12.1

0.1

10.1

9.9

10.5

10.1

0.5

1.1

0.0

35 to 44

17,098

15,125

16,486

17,981

-1,972

1,360

1,495

-11.5

9.0

9.1

11.8

9.8

10.0

10.5

-1.2

0.9

0.9

45 to 54

15,453

16,691

15,211

16,526

1,237

-1,480

1,315

8.0

-8.9

8.6

10.7

10.8

9.3

9.7

0.8

-0.9

0.8

55 and older

9,484

15,213

17,609

19,255

5,729

2,396

1,646

60.4

15.7

9.4

6.5

9.8

10.7

11.3

4.8

1.5

0.9

55 to 64

7,558

11,831

12,837

12,738

4,273

1,006

-98

56.5

8.5

-0.8

5.2

7.6

7.8

7.5

4.6

0.8

-0.1

65 to 74

1,585

2,836

4,000

5,088

1,250

1,164

1,087

78.8

41.1

27.2

1.1

1.8

2.4

3.0

6.0

3.5

2.4

75 and older

339

545

770

1,428

206

225

657

60.6

41.2

85.3

0.2

0.4

0.5

0.8

4.9

3.5

6.4

 

White

120,146

123,682

125,958

126,884

3,536

2,276

926

2.9

1.8

0.7

82.9

79.8

76.7

74.3

0.3

0.2

0.1

Men

65,305

66,919

68,163

68,090

1,613

1,244

-72

2.5

1.9

-0.1

45.1

43.2

41.5

39.9

0.2

0.2

0.0

Women

54,840

56,763

57,795

58,794

1,923

1,032

999

3.5

1.8

1.7

37.9

36.6

35.2

34.4

0.3

0.2

0.2

 

Black

16,564

18,399

21,237

22,814

1,835

2,838

1,577

11.1

15.4

7.4

11.4

11.9

12.9

13.4

1.1

1.4

0.7

Men

7,793

8,592

10,259

10,930

799

1,666

671

10.3

19.4

6.5

5.4

5.5

6.2

6.4

1.0

1.8

0.6

Women

8,770

9,806

10,977

11,883

1,035

1,171

905

11.8

12.0

8.3

6.1

6.3

6.7

7.0

1.1

1.1

0.8

 

All other groups(1)

8,154

12,892

17,093

21,043

4,738

4,201

3,950

58.1

32.6

23.1

5.6

8.3

10.4

12.3

4.7

2.9

2.1

Men

4,401

6,814

8,998

10,998

2,413

2,184

1,999

54.8

32.1

22.2

3.0

4.4

5.5

6.4

4.5

2.8

2.0

Women

3,753

6,078

8,094

10,045

2,325

2,016

1,951

62.0

33.2

24.1

2.6

3.9

4.9

5.9

4.9

2.9

2.2

 

Hispanic origin

17,944

24,392

30,602

37,392

6,448

6,210

6,790

35.9

25.5

22.2

12.4

15.7

18.6

21.9

3.1

2.3

2.0

Men

10,608

14,026

17,370

20,889

3,418

3,344

3,519

32.2

23.8

20.3

7.3

9.1

10.6

12.2

2.8

2.2

1.9

Women

7,336

10,365

13,232

16,502

3,029

2,866

3,270

41.3

27.6

24.7

5.1

6.7

8.1

9.7

3.5

2.5

2.2

 

Other than Hispanic origin

126,920

130,581

133,686

133,350

3,661

3,105

-335

2.9

2.4

-0.3

87.6

84.3

81.4

78.1

0.3

0.2

0.0

Men

66,892

68,300

70,051

69,129

1,408

1,751

-921

2.1

2.6

-1.3

46.2

44.1

42.6

40.5

0.2

0.3

-0.1

Women

60,028

62,281

63,635

64,220

2,253

1,354

585

3.8

2.2

0.9

41.4

40.2

38.7

37.6

0.4

0.2

0.1

 

Age of baby-boomers

38 to 56

48 to 66

58 to 76

68 to 86

Footnotes:
  (1) The "all other groups" category includes (1) those classified as being of multiple racial origin and (2) the racial categories of (2a) Asian (2b) American Indian and Alaska Native and (2c) Native Hawaiian and Other Pacific Islanders.
Note: Details may not sum to totals because of rounding. Historic data may not match BLS Current Population Survey (CPS) data due to rounding at different aggregate levels.
Source: Employment Projections program, U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics

Last Modified Date: September 6, 2023