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Employment Projections

Nominal gross domestic product by major demand category

Other available formats: (XLSX)
Table 4.3 Nominal gross domestic product by major demand category, 2001, 2011, 2021, and projected 2031
(Numbers in billions of current dollars)

Category

2001

2011

2021

2031

Percent distribution, 2001

Percent distribution, 2011

Percent distribution, 2021

Percent distribution, 2031

Gross domestic product

$10,581.9

$15,599.7

$22,993.5

$35,395.3

100.0

100.0

100.0

100.0

Personal consumption expenditures

7,073.8

10,698.9

15,750.0

23,680.0

66.8

68.6

68.5

66.9

Gross private domestic investment

1,934.8

2,332.6

4,107.8

6,573.0

18.3

15.0

17.9

18.6

Exports

1,026.8

2,115.9

2,480.4

3,600.4

9.7

13.6

10.8

10.2

Imports(1)

1,403.6

2,695.5

3,396.4

4,404.2

13.3

17.3

14.8

12.4

Government consumption expenditures and gross investment

1,950.0

3,147.9

4,051.6

5,946.1

18.4

20.2

17.6

16.8

Federal defense

413.2

834.0

905.3

1,128.0

3.9

5.3

3.9

3.2

Federal nondefense

257.1

465.8

659.7

819.0

2.4

3.0

2.9

2.3

State and local

1,279.8

1,848.2

2,486.6

3,999.1

12.1

11.8

10.8

11.3

Footnotes:
  (1) Imports are subtracted from the other components of GDP because they are not produced in the United States.
Source: Historical data: U.S. Bureau of Economic Analysis; Projected data: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics

Last Modified Date: September 8, 2022