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Employment Projections

Education and training assignments by detailed occupation

Other available formats: (XLSX)

Table 5.4 Education and training assignments by detailed occupation, 2023
2023 National Employment Matrix title 2023 National Employment Matrix code Typical education needed for entry Work experience in a related occupation Typical on-the-job training needed to attain competency in the occupation Related Occupational Outlook Handbook (OOH) content

Chief executives

11-1011 Bachelor's degree 5 years or more None OOH Content

General and operations managers

11-1021 Bachelor's degree 5 years or more None OOH Content

Legislators

11-1031 Bachelor's degree Less than 5 years None

Advertising and promotions managers

11-2011 Bachelor's degree Less than 5 years None OOH Content

Marketing managers

11-2021 Bachelor's degree 5 years or more None OOH Content

Sales managers

11-2022 Bachelor's degree Less than 5 years None OOH Content

Public relations managers

11-2032 Bachelor's degree 5 years or more None OOH Content

Fundraising managers

11-2033 Bachelor's degree 5 years or more None OOH Content

Administrative services managers

11-3012 Bachelor's degree Less than 5 years None OOH Content

Facilities managers

11-3013 Bachelor's degree Less than 5 years None OOH Content

Computer and information systems managers

11-3021 Bachelor's degree 5 years or more None OOH Content

Financial managers

11-3031 Bachelor's degree 5 years or more None OOH Content

Industrial production managers

11-3051 Bachelor's degree 5 years or more None OOH Content

Purchasing managers

11-3061 Bachelor's degree 5 years or more None OOH Content

Transportation, storage, and distribution managers

11-3071 High school diploma or equivalent 5 years or more None OOH Content

Compensation and benefits managers

11-3111 Bachelor's degree 5 years or more None OOH Content

Human resources managers

11-3121 Bachelor's degree 5 years or more None OOH Content

Training and development managers

11-3131 Bachelor's degree 5 years or more None OOH Content

Farmers, ranchers, and other agricultural managers

11-9013 High school diploma or equivalent 5 years or more None OOH Content

Construction managers

11-9021 Bachelor's degree None Moderate-term on-the-job training OOH Content

Education and childcare administrators, preschool and daycare

11-9031 Bachelor's degree Less than 5 years None OOH Content

Education administrators, kindergarten through secondary

11-9032 Master's degree 5 years or more None OOH Content

Education administrators, postsecondary

11-9033 Master's degree Less than 5 years None OOH Content

Education administrators, all other

11-9039 Bachelor's degree Less than 5 years None

Architectural and engineering managers

11-9041 Bachelor's degree 5 years or more None OOH Content

Food service managers

11-9051 High school diploma or equivalent Less than 5 years Short-term on-the-job training OOH Content

Gambling managers

11-9071 High school diploma or equivalent Less than 5 years None OOH Content

Entertainment and recreation managers, except gambling

11-9072 Bachelor's degree Less than 5 years None OOH Content

Lodging managers

11-9081 High school diploma or equivalent Less than 5 years None OOH Content

Medical and health services managers

11-9111 Bachelor's degree Less than 5 years None OOH Content

Natural sciences managers

11-9121 Bachelor's degree 5 years or more None OOH Content

Postmasters and mail superintendents

11-9131 High school diploma or equivalent Less than 5 years Moderate-term on-the-job training

Property, real estate, and community association managers

11-9141 High school diploma or equivalent Less than 5 years Short-term on-the-job training OOH Content

Social and community service managers

11-9151 Bachelor's degree Less than 5 years None OOH Content

Emergency management directors

11-9161 Bachelor's degree 5 years or more None OOH Content

Funeral home managers

11-9171 Associate's degree Less than 5 years None OOH Content

Personal service managers, all other

11-9179 High school diploma or equivalent Less than 5 years None

Managers, all other

11-9199 Bachelor's degree Less than 5 years None

Agents and business managers of artists, performers, and athletes

13-1011 Bachelor's degree Less than 5 years None

Buyers and purchasing agents

13-1020 Bachelor's degree None Moderate-term on-the-job training OOH Content

Claims adjusters, examiners, and investigators

13-1031 High school diploma or equivalent None Long-term on-the-job training OOH Content

Insurance appraisers, auto damage

13-1032 Postsecondary nondegree award None Moderate-term on-the-job training OOH Content

Compliance officers

13-1041 Bachelor's degree None Moderate-term on-the-job training OOH Content

Cost estimators

13-1051 Bachelor's degree None Moderate-term on-the-job training OOH Content

Human resources specialists

13-1071 Bachelor's degree None None OOH Content

Farm labor contractors

13-1074 No formal educational credential Less than 5 years Short-term on-the-job training

Labor relations specialists

13-1075 Bachelor's degree Less than 5 years None OOH Content

Logisticians

13-1081 Bachelor's degree None None OOH Content

Project management specialists

13-1082 Bachelor's degree None None OOH Content

Management analysts

13-1111 Bachelor's degree Less than 5 years None OOH Content

Meeting, convention, and event planners

13-1121 Bachelor's degree None None OOH Content

Fundraisers

13-1131 Bachelor's degree None None OOH Content

Compensation, benefits, and job analysis specialists

13-1141 Bachelor's degree Less than 5 years None OOH Content

Training and development specialists

13-1151 Bachelor's degree Less than 5 years None OOH Content

Market research analysts and marketing specialists

13-1161 Bachelor's degree None None OOH Content

Business operations specialists, all other

13-1199 Bachelor's degree None None

Accountants and auditors

13-2011 Bachelor's degree None None OOH Content

Property appraisers and assessors

13-2020 Bachelor's degree None Long-term on-the-job training OOH Content

Budget analysts

13-2031 Bachelor's degree None None OOH Content

Credit analysts

13-2041 Bachelor's degree None None

Financial and investment analysts

13-2051 Bachelor's degree None None OOH Content

Personal financial advisors

13-2052 Bachelor's degree None Long-term on-the-job training OOH Content

Insurance underwriters

13-2053 Bachelor's degree None Moderate-term on-the-job training OOH Content

Financial risk specialists

13-2054 Bachelor's degree None None OOH Content

Financial examiners

13-2061 Bachelor's degree None Long-term on-the-job training OOH Content

Credit counselors

13-2071 Bachelor's degree None Moderate-term on-the-job training OOH Content

Loan officers

13-2072 Bachelor's degree Less than 5 years Moderate-term on-the-job training OOH Content

Tax examiners and collectors, and revenue agents

13-2081 Bachelor's degree None Moderate-term on-the-job training OOH Content

Tax preparers

13-2082 High school diploma or equivalent None Moderate-term on-the-job training

Financial specialists, all other

13-2099 Bachelor's degree None None

Computer systems analysts

15-1211 Bachelor's degree None None OOH Content

Information security analysts

15-1212 Bachelor's degree Less than 5 years None OOH Content

Computer and information research scientists

15-1221 Master's degree None None OOH Content

Computer network support specialists

15-1231 Associate's degree None Moderate-term on-the-job training OOH Content

Computer user support specialists

15-1232 Some college, no degree None Moderate-term on-the-job training OOH Content

Computer network architects

15-1241 Bachelor's degree 5 years or more None OOH Content

Database administrators

15-1242 Bachelor's degree None None OOH Content

Database architects

15-1243 Bachelor's degree Less than 5 years None OOH Content

Network and computer systems administrators

15-1244 Bachelor's degree None None OOH Content

Computer programmers

15-1251 Bachelor's degree None None OOH Content

Software developers

15-1252 Bachelor's degree None None OOH Content

Software quality assurance analysts and testers

15-1253 Bachelor's degree None None OOH Content

Web developers

15-1254 Bachelor's degree None None OOH Content

Web and digital interface designers

15-1255 Bachelor's degree None None OOH Content

Computer occupations, all other

15-1299 Bachelor's degree None None

Actuaries

15-2011 Bachelor's degree None Long-term on-the-job training OOH Content

Mathematicians

15-2021 Master's degree None None OOH Content

Operations research analysts

15-2031 Bachelor's degree None None OOH Content

Statisticians

15-2041 Master's degree None None OOH Content

Data scientists

15-2051 Bachelor's degree None None OOH Content

Mathematical science occupations, all other

15-2099 Bachelor's degree None None

Architects, except landscape and naval

17-1011 Bachelor's degree None Internship/residency OOH Content

Landscape architects

17-1012 Bachelor's degree None Internship/residency OOH Content

Cartographers and photogrammetrists

17-1021 Bachelor's degree None None OOH Content

Surveyors

17-1022 Bachelor's degree None Internship/residency OOH Content

Aerospace engineers

17-2011 Bachelor's degree None None OOH Content

Agricultural engineers

17-2021 Bachelor's degree None None OOH Content

Bioengineers and biomedical engineers

17-2031 Bachelor's degree None None OOH Content

Chemical engineers

17-2041 Bachelor's degree None None OOH Content

Civil engineers

17-2051 Bachelor's degree None None OOH Content

Computer hardware engineers

17-2061 Bachelor's degree None None OOH Content

Electrical engineers

17-2071 Bachelor's degree None None OOH Content

Electronics engineers, except computer

17-2072 Bachelor's degree None None OOH Content

Environmental engineers

17-2081 Bachelor's degree None None OOH Content

Health and safety engineers, except mining safety engineers and inspectors

17-2111 Bachelor's degree None None OOH Content

Industrial engineers

17-2112 Bachelor's degree None None OOH Content

Marine engineers and naval architects

17-2121 Bachelor's degree None None OOH Content

Materials engineers

17-2131 Bachelor's degree None None OOH Content

Mechanical engineers

17-2141 Bachelor's degree None None OOH Content

Mining and geological engineers, including mining safety engineers

17-2151 Bachelor's degree None None OOH Content

Nuclear engineers

17-2161 Bachelor's degree None None OOH Content

Petroleum engineers

17-2171 Bachelor's degree None None OOH Content

Engineers, all other

17-2199 Bachelor's degree None None

Architectural and civil drafters

17-3011 Associate's degree None None OOH Content

Electrical and electronics drafters

17-3012 Associate's degree None None OOH Content

Mechanical drafters

17-3013 Associate's degree None None OOH Content

Drafters, all other

17-3019 Associate's degree None None OOH Content

Aerospace engineering and operations technologists and technicians

17-3021 Associate's degree None None OOH Content

Civil engineering technologists and technicians

17-3022 Associate's degree None None OOH Content

Electrical and electronic engineering technologists and technicians

17-3023 Associate's degree None None OOH Content

Electro-mechanical and mechatronics technologists and technicians

17-3024 Associate's degree None None OOH Content

Environmental engineering technologists and technicians

17-3025 Associate's degree None None OOH Content

Industrial engineering technologists and technicians

17-3026 Associate's degree None None OOH Content

Mechanical engineering technologists and technicians

17-3027 Associate's degree None None OOH Content

Calibration technologists and technicians

17-3028 Associate's degree None None OOH Content

Engineering technologists and technicians, except drafters, all other

17-3029 Associate's degree None None

Surveying and mapping technicians

17-3031 High school diploma or equivalent None Moderate-term on-the-job training OOH Content

Animal scientists

19-1011 Bachelor's degree None None OOH Content

Food scientists and technologists

19-1012 Bachelor's degree None None OOH Content

Soil and plant scientists

19-1013 Bachelor's degree None None OOH Content

Biochemists and biophysicists

19-1021 Doctoral or professional degree None None OOH Content

Microbiologists

19-1022 Bachelor's degree None None OOH Content

Zoologists and wildlife biologists

19-1023 Bachelor's degree None None OOH Content

Biological scientists, all other

19-1029 Bachelor's degree None None

Conservation scientists

19-1031 Bachelor's degree None None OOH Content

Foresters

19-1032 Bachelor's degree None None OOH Content

Epidemiologists

19-1041 Master's degree None None OOH Content

Medical scientists, except epidemiologists

19-1042 Doctoral or professional degree None None OOH Content

Life scientists, all other

19-1099 Bachelor's degree None None

Astronomers

19-2011 Doctoral or professional degree None None OOH Content

Physicists

19-2012 Doctoral or professional degree None None OOH Content

Atmospheric and space scientists

19-2021 Bachelor's degree None None OOH Content

Chemists

19-2031 Bachelor's degree None None OOH Content

Materials scientists

19-2032 Bachelor's degree None None OOH Content

Environmental scientists and specialists, including health

19-2041 Bachelor's degree None None OOH Content

Geoscientists, except hydrologists and geographers

19-2042 Bachelor's degree None None OOH Content

Hydrologists

19-2043 Bachelor's degree None None OOH Content

Physical scientists, all other

19-2099 Bachelor's degree None None

Economists

19-3011 Master's degree None None OOH Content

Survey researchers

19-3022 Master's degree None None OOH Content

Industrial-organizational psychologists

19-3032 Master's degree None Internship/residency OOH Content

Clinical and counseling psychologists

19-3033 Doctoral or professional degree None Internship/residency OOH Content

School psychologists

19-3034 Master's degree None Internship/residency OOH Content

Psychologists, all other

19-3039 Master's degree None Internship/residency OOH Content

Sociologists

19-3041 Master's degree None None OOH Content

Urban and regional planners

19-3051 Master's degree None None OOH Content

Anthropologists and archeologists

19-3091 Master's degree None None OOH Content

Geographers

19-3092 Bachelor's degree None None OOH Content

Historians

19-3093 Master's degree None None OOH Content

Political scientists

19-3094 Master's degree None None OOH Content

Social scientists and related workers, all other

19-3099 Bachelor's degree None None

Agricultural technicians

19-4012 Associate's degree None Moderate-term on-the-job training OOH Content

Food science technicians

19-4013 Associate's degree None Moderate-term on-the-job training OOH Content

Biological technicians

19-4021 Bachelor's degree None None OOH Content

Chemical technicians

19-4031 Associate's degree None Moderate-term on-the-job training OOH Content

Environmental science and protection technicians, including health

19-4042 Associate's degree None None OOH Content

Geological technicians, except hydrologic technicians

19-4043 Associate's degree None Moderate-term on-the-job training OOH Content

Hydrologic technicians

19-4044 Associate's degree None Moderate-term on-the-job training OOH Content

Nuclear technicians

19-4051 Associate's degree None Moderate-term on-the-job training OOH Content

Social science research assistants

19-4061 Bachelor's degree None None

Forest and conservation technicians

19-4071 Associate's degree None None

Forensic science technicians

19-4092 Bachelor's degree None Moderate-term on-the-job training OOH Content

Life, physical, and social science technicians, all other

19-4099 Associate's degree None None

Occupational health and safety specialists

19-5011 Bachelor's degree None None OOH Content

Occupational health and safety technicians

19-5012 High school diploma or equivalent None Moderate-term on-the-job training OOH Content

Educational, guidance, and career counselors and advisors

21-1012 Master's degree None None OOH Content

Marriage and family therapists

21-1013 Master's degree None Internship/residency OOH Content

Rehabilitation counselors

21-1015 Master's degree None None OOH Content

Substance abuse, behavioral disorder, and mental health counselors

21-1018 Master's degree None Internship/residency OOH Content

Counselors, all other

21-1019 Master's degree None None

Child, family, and school social workers

21-1021 Bachelor's degree None None OOH Content

Healthcare social workers

21-1022 Master's degree None Internship/residency OOH Content

Mental health and substance abuse social workers

21-1023 Master's degree None Internship/residency OOH Content

Social workers, all other

21-1029 Bachelor's degree None None OOH Content

Health education specialists

21-1091 Bachelor's degree None None OOH Content

Probation officers and correctional treatment specialists

21-1092 Bachelor's degree None Moderate-term on-the-job training OOH Content

Social and human service assistants

21-1093 High school diploma or equivalent None Short-term on-the-job training OOH Content

Community health workers

21-1094 High school diploma or equivalent None Short-term on-the-job training OOH Content

Community and social service specialists, all other

21-1099 Bachelor's degree None None

Clergy

21-2011 Bachelor's degree None Moderate-term on-the-job training

Directors, religious activities and education

21-2021 Bachelor's degree Less than 5 years None

Religious workers, all other

21-2099 Bachelor's degree None None

Lawyers

23-1011 Doctoral or professional degree None None OOH Content

Judicial law clerks

23-1012 Doctoral or professional degree None None

Administrative law judges, adjudicators, and hearing officers

23-1021 Doctoral or professional degree 5 years or more Short-term on-the-job training OOH Content

Arbitrators, mediators, and conciliators

23-1022 Bachelor's degree Less than 5 years Moderate-term on-the-job training OOH Content

Judges, magistrate judges, and magistrates

23-1023 Doctoral or professional degree 5 years or more Short-term on-the-job training OOH Content

Paralegals and legal assistants

23-2011 Associate's degree None None OOH Content

Title examiners, abstractors, and searchers

23-2093 High school diploma or equivalent None Moderate-term on-the-job training

Legal support workers, all other

23-2099 Associate's degree None None

Business teachers, postsecondary

25-1011 Doctoral or professional degree None None OOH Content

Computer science teachers, postsecondary

25-1021 Doctoral or professional degree None None OOH Content

Mathematical science teachers, postsecondary

25-1022 Doctoral or professional degree None None OOH Content

Architecture teachers, postsecondary

25-1031 Doctoral or professional degree None None OOH Content

Engineering teachers, postsecondary

25-1032 Doctoral or professional degree None None OOH Content

Agricultural sciences teachers, postsecondary

25-1041 Doctoral or professional degree None None OOH Content

Biological science teachers, postsecondary

25-1042 Doctoral or professional degree None None OOH Content

Forestry and conservation science teachers, postsecondary

25-1043 Doctoral or professional degree None None OOH Content

Atmospheric, earth, marine, and space sciences teachers, postsecondary

25-1051 Doctoral or professional degree None None OOH Content

Chemistry teachers, postsecondary

25-1052 Doctoral or professional degree None None OOH Content

Environmental science teachers, postsecondary

25-1053 Doctoral or professional degree None None OOH Content

Physics teachers, postsecondary

25-1054 Doctoral or professional degree None None OOH Content

Anthropology and archeology teachers, postsecondary

25-1061 Doctoral or professional degree None None OOH Content

Area, ethnic, and cultural studies teachers, postsecondary

25-1062 Doctoral or professional degree None None OOH Content

Economics teachers, postsecondary

25-1063 Doctoral or professional degree None None OOH Content

Geography teachers, postsecondary

25-1064 Doctoral or professional degree None None OOH Content

Political science teachers, postsecondary

25-1065 Doctoral or professional degree None None OOH Content

Psychology teachers, postsecondary

25-1066 Doctoral or professional degree None None OOH Content

Sociology teachers, postsecondary

25-1067 Doctoral or professional degree None None OOH Content

Social sciences teachers, postsecondary, all other

25-1069 Doctoral or professional degree None None OOH Content

Health specialties teachers, postsecondary

25-1071 Doctoral or professional degree Less than 5 years None OOH Content

Nursing instructors and teachers, postsecondary

25-1072 Doctoral or professional degree Less than 5 years None OOH Content

Education teachers, postsecondary

25-1081 Doctoral or professional degree Less than 5 years None OOH Content

Library science teachers, postsecondary

25-1082 Doctoral or professional degree None None OOH Content

Criminal justice and law enforcement teachers, postsecondary

25-1111 Doctoral or professional degree None None OOH Content

Law teachers, postsecondary

25-1112 Doctoral or professional degree Less than 5 years None OOH Content

Social work teachers, postsecondary

25-1113 Doctoral or professional degree None None OOH Content

Art, drama, and music teachers, postsecondary

25-1121 Master's degree None None OOH Content

Communications teachers, postsecondary

25-1122 Doctoral or professional degree None None OOH Content

English language and literature teachers, postsecondary

25-1123 Doctoral or professional degree None None OOH Content

Foreign language and literature teachers, postsecondary

25-1124 Doctoral or professional degree None None OOH Content

History teachers, postsecondary

25-1125 Doctoral or professional degree None None OOH Content

Philosophy and religion teachers, postsecondary

25-1126 Doctoral or professional degree None None OOH Content

Family and consumer sciences teachers, postsecondary

25-1192 Doctoral or professional degree None None OOH Content

Recreation and fitness studies teachers, postsecondary

25-1193 Doctoral or professional degree None None OOH Content

Career/technical education teachers, postsecondary

25-1194 Bachelor's degree Less than 5 years None OOH Content

Postsecondary teachers, all other

25-1199 Doctoral or professional degree None None

Preschool teachers, except special education

25-2011 Associate's degree None None OOH Content

Kindergarten teachers, except special education

25-2012 Bachelor's degree None None OOH Content

Elementary school teachers, except special education

25-2021 Bachelor's degree None None OOH Content

Middle school teachers, except special and career/technical education

25-2022 Bachelor's degree None None OOH Content

Career/technical education teachers, middle school

25-2023 Bachelor's degree Less than 5 years None OOH Content

Secondary school teachers, except special and career/technical education

25-2031 Bachelor's degree None None OOH Content

Career/technical education teachers, secondary school

25-2032 Bachelor's degree Less than 5 years None OOH Content

Special education teachers, preschool

25-2051 Bachelor's degree None None OOH Content

Special education teachers, kindergarten and elementary school

25-2052 Bachelor's degree None None OOH Content

Special education teachers, middle school

25-2057 Bachelor's degree None None OOH Content

Special education teachers, secondary school

25-2058 Bachelor's degree None None OOH Content

Special education teachers, all other

25-2059 Bachelor's degree None None OOH Content

Adult basic education, adult secondary education, and english as a second language instructors

25-3011 Bachelor's degree None None OOH Content

Self-enrichment teachers

25-3021 High school diploma or equivalent Less than 5 years None

Substitute teachers, short-term

25-3031 Bachelor's degree None None

Tutors

25-3041 Some college, no degree None None OOH Content

Teachers and instructors, all other

25-3099 Bachelor's degree None None

Archivists

25-4011 Master's degree None None OOH Content

Curators

25-4012 Master's degree None None OOH Content

Museum technicians and conservators

25-4013 Bachelor's degree None None OOH Content

Librarians and media collections specialists

25-4022 Master's degree None None OOH Content

Library technicians

25-4031 Postsecondary nondegree award None None OOH Content

Farm and home management educators

25-9021 Master's degree None None

Instructional coordinators

25-9031 Master's degree 5 years or more None OOH Content

Teaching assistants, postsecondary

25-9044 Bachelor's degree None None

Teaching assistants, except postsecondary

25-9045 Some college, no degree None None OOH Content

Educational instruction and library workers, all other

25-9099 Bachelor's degree None None

Art directors

27-1011 Bachelor's degree 5 years or more None OOH Content

Craft artists

27-1012 No formal educational credential None Long-term on-the-job training OOH Content

Fine artists, including painters, sculptors, and illustrators

27-1013 Bachelor's degree None Long-term on-the-job training OOH Content

Special effects artists and animators

27-1014 Bachelor's degree None None OOH Content

Artists and related workers, all other

27-1019 No formal educational credential None Long-term on-the-job training OOH Content

Commercial and industrial designers

27-1021 Bachelor's degree None None OOH Content

Fashion designers

27-1022 Bachelor's degree None None OOH Content

Floral designers

27-1023 High school diploma or equivalent None Moderate-term on-the-job training OOH Content

Graphic designers

27-1024 Bachelor's degree None None OOH Content

Interior designers

27-1025 Bachelor's degree None None OOH Content

Merchandise displayers and window trimmers

27-1026 High school diploma or equivalent None Short-term on-the-job training

Set and exhibit designers

27-1027 Bachelor's degree None None OOH Content

Designers, all other

27-1029 Bachelor's degree None None

Actors

27-2011 Some college, no degree None Long-term on-the-job training OOH Content

Producers and directors

27-2012 Bachelor's degree Less than 5 years None OOH Content

Athletes and sports competitors

27-2021 No formal educational credential None Long-term on-the-job training OOH Content

Coaches and scouts

27-2022 Bachelor's degree None None OOH Content

Umpires, referees, and other sports officials

27-2023 High school diploma or equivalent None Moderate-term on-the-job training OOH Content

Dancers

27-2031 No formal educational credential None Long-term on-the-job training OOH Content

Choreographers

27-2032 High school diploma or equivalent 5 years or more Long-term on-the-job training OOH Content

Music directors and composers

27-2041 Bachelor's degree Less than 5 years None OOH Content

Musicians and singers

27-2042 No formal educational credential None Long-term on-the-job training OOH Content

Disc jockeys, except radio

27-2091 High school diploma or equivalent None Short-term on-the-job training OOH Content

Entertainers and performers, sports and related workers, all other

27-2099 No formal educational credential None Short-term on-the-job training

Broadcast announcers and radio disc jockeys

27-3011 Bachelor's degree None None OOH Content

News analysts, reporters, and journalists

27-3023 Bachelor's degree None None OOH Content

Public relations specialists

27-3031 Bachelor's degree None None OOH Content

Editors

27-3041 Bachelor's degree Less than 5 years None OOH Content

Technical writers

27-3042 Bachelor's degree Less than 5 years Short-term on-the-job training OOH Content

Writers and authors

27-3043 Bachelor's degree None Long-term on-the-job training OOH Content

Interpreters and translators

27-3091 Bachelor's degree None None OOH Content

Court reporters and simultaneous captioners

27-3092 Postsecondary nondegree award None Short-term on-the-job training OOH Content

Media and communication workers, all other

27-3099 High school diploma or equivalent None Short-term on-the-job training

Audio and video technicians

27-4011 Postsecondary nondegree award None Short-term on-the-job training OOH Content

Broadcast technicians

27-4012 Associate's degree None Short-term on-the-job training OOH Content

Sound engineering technicians

27-4014 Postsecondary nondegree award None Short-term on-the-job training OOH Content

Lighting technicians

27-4015 Postsecondary nondegree award None Short-term on-the-job training OOH Content

Photographers

27-4021 High school diploma or equivalent None Moderate-term on-the-job training OOH Content

Camera operators, television, video, and film

27-4031 Bachelor's degree None None OOH Content

Film and video editors

27-4032 Bachelor's degree None None OOH Content

Media and communication equipment workers, all other

27-4099 High school diploma or equivalent None Short-term on-the-job training

Chiropractors

29-1011 Doctoral or professional degree None None OOH Content

Dentists, general

29-1021 Doctoral or professional degree None None OOH Content

Oral and maxillofacial surgeons

29-1022 Doctoral or professional degree None Internship/residency OOH Content

Orthodontists

29-1023 Doctoral or professional degree None Internship/residency OOH Content

Prosthodontists

29-1024 Doctoral or professional degree None Internship/residency OOH Content

Dentists, all other specialists

29-1029 Doctoral or professional degree None Internship/residency OOH Content

Dietitians and nutritionists

29-1031 Bachelor's degree None Internship/residency OOH Content

Optometrists

29-1041 Doctoral or professional degree None None OOH Content

Pharmacists

29-1051 Doctoral or professional degree None None OOH Content

Physician assistants

29-1071 Master's degree None None OOH Content

Podiatrists

29-1081 Doctoral or professional degree None Internship/residency OOH Content

Occupational therapists

29-1122 Master's degree None None OOH Content

Physical therapists

29-1123 Doctoral or professional degree None None OOH Content

Radiation therapists

29-1124 Associate's degree None None OOH Content

Recreational therapists

29-1125 Bachelor's degree None None OOH Content

Respiratory therapists

29-1126 Associate's degree None None OOH Content

Speech-language pathologists

29-1127 Master's degree None Internship/residency OOH Content

Exercise physiologists

29-1128 Bachelor's degree None None OOH Content

Therapists, all other

29-1129 Bachelor's degree None None

Veterinarians

29-1131 Doctoral or professional degree None None OOH Content

Registered nurses

29-1141 Bachelor's degree None None OOH Content

Nurse anesthetists

29-1151 Master's degree None None OOH Content

Nurse midwives

29-1161 Master's degree None None OOH Content

Nurse practitioners

29-1171 Master's degree None None OOH Content

Audiologists

29-1181 Doctoral or professional degree None None OOH Content

Anesthesiologists

29-1211 Doctoral or professional degree None Internship/residency OOH Content

Cardiologists

29-1212 Doctoral or professional degree None Internship/residency OOH Content

Dermatologists

29-1213 Doctoral or professional degree None Internship/residency OOH Content

Emergency medicine physicians

29-1214 Doctoral or professional degree None Internship/residency OOH Content

Family medicine physicians

29-1215 Doctoral or professional degree None Internship/residency OOH Content

General internal medicine physicians

29-1216 Doctoral or professional degree None Internship/residency OOH Content

Neurologists

29-1217 Doctoral or professional degree None Internship/residency OOH Content

Obstetricians and gynecologists

29-1218 Doctoral or professional degree None Internship/residency OOH Content

Pediatricians, general

29-1221 Doctoral or professional degree None Internship/residency OOH Content

Physicians, pathologists

29-1222 Doctoral or professional degree None Internship/residency OOH Content

Psychiatrists

29-1223 Doctoral or professional degree None Internship/residency OOH Content

Radiologists

29-1224 Doctoral or professional degree None Internship/residency OOH Content

Physicians, all other

29-1229 Doctoral or professional degree None Internship/residency OOH Content

Ophthalmologists, except pediatric

29-1241 Doctoral or professional degree None Internship/residency OOH Content

Orthopedic surgeons, except pediatric

29-1242 Doctoral or professional degree None Internship/residency OOH Content

Pediatric surgeons

29-1243 Doctoral or professional degree None Internship/residency OOH Content

Surgeons, all other

29-1249 Doctoral or professional degree None Internship/residency OOH Content

Acupuncturists

29-1291 Master's degree None None

Dental hygienists

29-1292 Associate's degree None None OOH Content

Healthcare diagnosing or treating practitioners, all other

29-1299 Master's degree None None

Clinical laboratory technologists and technicians

29-2010 Bachelor's degree None None OOH Content

Cardiovascular technologists and technicians

29-2031 Associate's degree None None OOH Content

Diagnostic medical sonographers

29-2032 Associate's degree None None OOH Content

Nuclear medicine technologists

29-2033 Associate's degree None None OOH Content

Radiologic technologists and technicians

29-2034 Associate's degree None None OOH Content

Magnetic resonance imaging technologists

29-2035 Associate's degree Less than 5 years None OOH Content

Medical dosimetrists

29-2036 Bachelor's degree None None OOH Content

Emergency medical technicians

29-2042 Postsecondary nondegree award None None OOH Content

Paramedics

29-2043 Postsecondary nondegree award Less than 5 years None OOH Content

Dietetic technicians

29-2051 Associate's degree None None

Pharmacy technicians

29-2052 High school diploma or equivalent None Moderate-term on-the-job training OOH Content

Psychiatric technicians

29-2053 Postsecondary nondegree award Less than 5 years Short-term on-the-job training OOH Content

Surgical technologists

29-2055 Postsecondary nondegree award None None OOH Content

Veterinary technologists and technicians

29-2056 Associate's degree None None OOH Content

Ophthalmic medical technicians

29-2057 Postsecondary nondegree award None None

Licensed practical and licensed vocational nurses

29-2061 Postsecondary nondegree award None None OOH Content

Medical records specialists

29-2072 Postsecondary nondegree award None None OOH Content

Opticians, dispensing

29-2081 High school diploma or equivalent None Long-term on-the-job training OOH Content

Orthotists and prosthetists

29-2091 Master's degree None Internship/residency OOH Content

Hearing aid specialists

29-2092 High school diploma or equivalent None Moderate-term on-the-job training

Health technologists and technicians, all other

29-2099 Postsecondary nondegree award None None

Health information technologists and medical registrars

29-9021 Associate's degree None None OOH Content

Athletic trainers

29-9091 Master's degree None None OOH Content

Genetic counselors

29-9092 Master's degree None None OOH Content

Surgical assistants

29-9093 Postsecondary nondegree award None None OOH Content

Healthcare practitioners and technical workers, all other

29-9099 Postsecondary nondegree award None None

Home health and personal care aides

31-1120 High school diploma or equivalent None Short-term on-the-job training OOH Content

Nursing assistants

31-1131 Postsecondary nondegree award None None OOH Content

Orderlies

31-1132 High school diploma or equivalent None Short-term on-the-job training OOH Content

Psychiatric aides

31-1133 High school diploma or equivalent None Short-term on-the-job training OOH Content

Occupational therapy assistants

31-2011 Associate's degree None None OOH Content

Occupational therapy aides

31-2012 High school diploma or equivalent None Short-term on-the-job training OOH Content

Physical therapist assistants

31-2021 Associate's degree None None OOH Content

Physical therapist aides

31-2022 High school diploma or equivalent None Short-term on-the-job training OOH Content

Massage therapists

31-9011 Postsecondary nondegree award None None OOH Content

Dental assistants

31-9091 Postsecondary nondegree award None None OOH Content

Medical assistants

31-9092 Postsecondary nondegree award None None OOH Content

Medical equipment preparers

31-9093 High school diploma or equivalent None Moderate-term on-the-job training

Medical transcriptionists

31-9094 Postsecondary nondegree award None None OOH Content

Pharmacy aides

31-9095 High school diploma or equivalent None Short-term on-the-job training

Veterinary assistants and laboratory animal caretakers

31-9096 High school diploma or equivalent None Short-term on-the-job training OOH Content

Phlebotomists

31-9097 Postsecondary nondegree award None None OOH Content

Healthcare support workers, all other

31-9099 High school diploma or equivalent None None

First-line supervisors of correctional officers

33-1011 High school diploma or equivalent Less than 5 years None

First-line supervisors of police and detectives

33-1012 High school diploma or equivalent Less than 5 years Moderate-term on-the-job training

First-line supervisors of firefighting and prevention workers

33-1021 Postsecondary nondegree award Less than 5 years Moderate-term on-the-job training

First-line supervisors of security workers

33-1091 High school diploma or equivalent Less than 5 years None

First-line supervisors of protective service workers, all other

33-1099 High school diploma or equivalent Less than 5 years None

Firefighters

33-2011 Postsecondary nondegree award None Long-term on-the-job training OOH Content

Fire inspectors and investigators

33-2021 Postsecondary nondegree award 5 years or more Moderate-term on-the-job training OOH Content

Forest fire inspectors and prevention specialists

33-2022 High school diploma or equivalent Less than 5 years Moderate-term on-the-job training OOH Content

Bailiffs

33-3011 High school diploma or equivalent None Moderate-term on-the-job training OOH Content

Correctional officers and jailers

33-3012 High school diploma or equivalent None Moderate-term on-the-job training OOH Content

Detectives and criminal investigators

33-3021 High school diploma or equivalent Less than 5 years Moderate-term on-the-job training OOH Content

Fish and game wardens

33-3031 Bachelor's degree None Moderate-term on-the-job training OOH Content

Parking enforcement workers

33-3041 High school diploma or equivalent None Short-term on-the-job training

Police and sheriff's patrol officers

33-3051 High school diploma or equivalent None Moderate-term on-the-job training OOH Content

Transit and railroad police

33-3052 High school diploma or equivalent None Moderate-term on-the-job training OOH Content

Animal control workers

33-9011 High school diploma or equivalent None Moderate-term on-the-job training

Private detectives and investigators

33-9021 High school diploma or equivalent Less than 5 years Moderate-term on-the-job training OOH Content

Gambling surveillance officers and gambling investigators

33-9031 High school diploma or equivalent Less than 5 years Moderate-term on-the-job training OOH Content

Security guards

33-9032 High school diploma or equivalent None Short-term on-the-job training OOH Content

Crossing guards and flaggers

33-9091 No formal educational credential None Short-term on-the-job training

Lifeguards, ski patrol, and other recreational protective service workers

33-9092 No formal educational credential None Short-term on-the-job training

Transportation security screeners

33-9093 High school diploma or equivalent None Short-term on-the-job training

School bus monitors

33-9094 High school diploma or equivalent None Short-term on-the-job training

Protective service workers, all other

33-9099 High school diploma or equivalent None Short-term on-the-job training

Chefs and head cooks

35-1011 High school diploma or equivalent 5 years or more None OOH Content

First-line supervisors of food preparation and serving workers

35-1012 High school diploma or equivalent Less than 5 years None

Cooks, fast food

35-2011 No formal educational credential None Short-term on-the-job training OOH Content

Cooks, institution and cafeteria

35-2012 No formal educational credential None Short-term on-the-job training OOH Content

Cooks, private household

35-2013 Postsecondary nondegree award Less than 5 years None OOH Content

Cooks, restaurant

35-2014 No formal educational credential Less than 5 years Moderate-term on-the-job training OOH Content

Cooks, short order

35-2015 No formal educational credential None Short-term on-the-job training OOH Content

Cooks, all other

35-2019 No formal educational credential None Moderate-term on-the-job training OOH Content

Food preparation workers

35-2021 No formal educational credential None Short-term on-the-job training OOH Content

Bartenders

35-3011 No formal educational credential None Short-term on-the-job training OOH Content

Fast food and counter workers

35-3023 No formal educational credential None Short-term on-the-job training OOH Content

Waiters and waitresses

35-3031 No formal educational credential None Short-term on-the-job training OOH Content

Food servers, nonrestaurant

35-3041 No formal educational credential None Short-term on-the-job training OOH Content

Dining room and cafeteria attendants and bartender helpers

35-9011 No formal educational credential None Short-term on-the-job training OOH Content

Dishwashers

35-9021 No formal educational credential None Short-term on-the-job training

Hosts and hostesses, restaurant, lounge, and coffee shop

35-9031 No formal educational credential None Short-term on-the-job training OOH Content

Food preparation and serving related workers, all other

35-9099 No formal educational credential None Short-term on-the-job training

First-line supervisors of housekeeping and janitorial workers

37-1011 High school diploma or equivalent Less than 5 years None

First-line supervisors of landscaping, lawn service, and groundskeeping workers

37-1012 High school diploma or equivalent Less than 5 years None

Janitors and cleaners, except maids and housekeeping cleaners

37-2011 No formal educational credential None Short-term on-the-job training OOH Content

Maids and housekeeping cleaners

37-2012 No formal educational credential None Short-term on-the-job training

Building cleaning workers, all other

37-2019 No formal educational credential None Short-term on-the-job training

Pest control workers

37-2021 High school diploma or equivalent None Moderate-term on-the-job training OOH Content

Landscaping and groundskeeping workers

37-3011 No formal educational credential None Short-term on-the-job training OOH Content

Pesticide handlers, sprayers, and applicators, vegetation

37-3012 High school diploma or equivalent None Moderate-term on-the-job training OOH Content

Tree trimmers and pruners

37-3013 High school diploma or equivalent None Short-term on-the-job training OOH Content

Grounds maintenance workers, all other

37-3019 No formal educational credential None Short-term on-the-job training OOH Content

First-line supervisors of gambling services workers

39-1013 High school diploma or equivalent Less than 5 years None OOH Content

First-line supervisors of entertainment and recreation workers, except gambling services

39-1014 High school diploma or equivalent Less than 5 years None

First-line supervisors of personal service workers

39-1022 High school diploma or equivalent Less than 5 years None

Animal trainers

39-2011 High school diploma or equivalent None Moderate-term on-the-job training OOH Content

Animal caretakers

39-2021 High school diploma or equivalent None Short-term on-the-job training OOH Content

Gambling dealers

39-3011 High school diploma or equivalent None Short-term on-the-job training OOH Content

Gambling and sports book writers and runners

39-3012 High school diploma or equivalent None Short-term on-the-job training OOH Content

Gambling service workers, all other

39-3019 High school diploma or equivalent None Short-term on-the-job training OOH Content

Motion picture projectionists

39-3021 No formal educational credential None Short-term on-the-job training

Ushers, lobby attendants, and ticket takers

39-3031 No formal educational credential None Short-term on-the-job training

Amusement and recreation attendants

39-3091 No formal educational credential None Short-term on-the-job training

Costume attendants

39-3092 High school diploma or equivalent None Short-term on-the-job training

Locker room, coatroom, and dressing room attendants

39-3093 High school diploma or equivalent None Short-term on-the-job training

Entertainment attendants and related workers, all other

39-3099 High school diploma or equivalent None Short-term on-the-job training

Embalmers

39-4011 Associate's degree None Long-term on-the-job training

Crematory operators

39-4012 High school diploma or equivalent None Short-term on-the-job training

Funeral attendants

39-4021 High school diploma or equivalent None Short-term on-the-job training

Morticians, undertakers, and funeral arrangers

39-4031 Associate's degree None Long-term on-the-job training OOH Content

Barbers

39-5011 Postsecondary nondegree award None None OOH Content

Hairdressers, hairstylists, and cosmetologists

39-5012 Postsecondary nondegree award None None OOH Content

Makeup artists, theatrical and performance

39-5091 Postsecondary nondegree award None None

Manicurists and pedicurists

39-5092 Postsecondary nondegree award None None OOH Content

Shampooers

39-5093 No formal educational credential None Short-term on-the-job training

Skincare specialists

39-5094 Postsecondary nondegree award None None OOH Content

Baggage porters and bellhops

39-6011 High school diploma or equivalent None Short-term on-the-job training

Concierges

39-6012 High school diploma or equivalent None Moderate-term on-the-job training

Tour and travel guides

39-7010 High school diploma or equivalent None Moderate-term on-the-job training

Childcare workers

39-9011 High school diploma or equivalent None Short-term on-the-job training OOH Content

Exercise trainers and group fitness instructors

39-9031 High school diploma or equivalent None Short-term on-the-job training OOH Content

Recreation workers

39-9032 High school diploma or equivalent None Short-term on-the-job training OOH Content

Residential advisors

39-9041 High school diploma or equivalent None Short-term on-the-job training

Personal care and service workers, all other

39-9099 High school diploma or equivalent None Short-term on-the-job training

First-line supervisors of retail sales workers

41-1011 High school diploma or equivalent Less than 5 years None

First-line supervisors of non-retail sales workers

41-1012 High school diploma or equivalent Less than 5 years None

Cashiers

41-2011 No formal educational credential None Short-term on-the-job training OOH Content

Gambling change persons and booth cashiers

41-2012 No formal educational credential None Short-term on-the-job training

Counter and rental clerks

41-2021 No formal educational credential None Short-term on-the-job training

Parts salespersons

41-2022 No formal educational credential None Moderate-term on-the-job training OOH Content

Retail salespersons

41-2031 No formal educational credential None Short-term on-the-job training OOH Content

Advertising sales agents

41-3011 High school diploma or equivalent None Moderate-term on-the-job training OOH Content

Insurance sales agents

41-3021 High school diploma or equivalent None Moderate-term on-the-job training OOH Content

Securities, commodities, and financial services sales agents

41-3031 Bachelor's degree None Moderate-term on-the-job training OOH Content

Travel agents

41-3041 High school diploma or equivalent None Moderate-term on-the-job training OOH Content

Sales representatives of services, except advertising, insurance, financial services, and travel

41-3091 High school diploma or equivalent None Moderate-term on-the-job training

Sales representatives, wholesale and manufacturing, technical and scientific products

41-4011 Bachelor's degree None Moderate-term on-the-job training OOH Content

Sales representatives, wholesale and manufacturing, except technical and scientific products

41-4012 High school diploma or equivalent None Moderate-term on-the-job training OOH Content

Demonstrators and product promoters

41-9011 No formal educational credential None Short-term on-the-job training

Models

41-9012 No formal educational credential None None OOH Content

Real estate brokers

41-9021 High school diploma or equivalent Less than 5 years None OOH Content

Real estate sales agents

41-9022 High school diploma or equivalent None Moderate-term on-the-job training OOH Content

Sales engineers

41-9031 Bachelor's degree None Moderate-term on-the-job training OOH Content

Telemarketers

41-9041 No formal educational credential None Short-term on-the-job training

Door-to-door sales workers, news and street vendors, and related workers

41-9091 No formal educational credential None Short-term on-the-job training

Sales and related workers, all other

41-9099 High school diploma or equivalent None None

First-line supervisors of office and administrative support workers

43-1011 High school diploma or equivalent Less than 5 years None

Switchboard operators, including answering service

43-2011 High school diploma or equivalent None Short-term on-the-job training

Telephone operators

43-2021 High school diploma or equivalent None Short-term on-the-job training

Communications equipment operators, all other

43-2099 High school diploma or equivalent None Short-term on-the-job training

Bill and account collectors

43-3011 High school diploma or equivalent None Moderate-term on-the-job training OOH Content

Billing and posting clerks

43-3021 High school diploma or equivalent None Moderate-term on-the-job training OOH Content

Bookkeeping, accounting, and auditing clerks

43-3031 Some college, no degree None Moderate-term on-the-job training OOH Content

Gambling cage workers

43-3041 High school diploma or equivalent None Short-term on-the-job training OOH Content

Payroll and timekeeping clerks

43-3051 High school diploma or equivalent None Moderate-term on-the-job training OOH Content

Procurement clerks

43-3061 High school diploma or equivalent None Moderate-term on-the-job training OOH Content

Tellers

43-3071 High school diploma or equivalent None Short-term on-the-job training OOH Content

Financial clerks, all other

43-3099 High school diploma or equivalent None Short-term on-the-job training

Brokerage clerks

43-4011 High school diploma or equivalent None Moderate-term on-the-job training OOH Content

Correspondence clerks

43-4021 High school diploma or equivalent None Short-term on-the-job training OOH Content

Court, municipal, and license clerks

43-4031 High school diploma or equivalent None Long-term on-the-job training OOH Content

Credit authorizers, checkers, and clerks

43-4041 High school diploma or equivalent None Moderate-term on-the-job training OOH Content

Customer service representatives

43-4051 High school diploma or equivalent None Short-term on-the-job training OOH Content

Eligibility interviewers, government programs

43-4061 High school diploma or equivalent None Moderate-term on-the-job training OOH Content

File clerks

43-4071 High school diploma or equivalent None Short-term on-the-job training OOH Content

Hotel, motel, and resort desk clerks

43-4081 High school diploma or equivalent None Short-term on-the-job training OOH Content

Interviewers, except eligibility and loan

43-4111 High school diploma or equivalent None Short-term on-the-job training OOH Content

Library assistants, clerical

43-4121 High school diploma or equivalent None Short-term on-the-job training OOH Content

Loan interviewers and clerks

43-4131 High school diploma or equivalent None Short-term on-the-job training OOH Content

New accounts clerks

43-4141 High school diploma or equivalent None Moderate-term on-the-job training OOH Content

Order clerks

43-4151 Some college, no degree None Short-term on-the-job training OOH Content

Human resources assistants, except payroll and timekeeping

43-4161 Associate's degree None None OOH Content

Receptionists and information clerks

43-4171 High school diploma or equivalent None Short-term on-the-job training OOH Content

Reservation and transportation ticket agents and travel clerks

43-4181 High school diploma or equivalent None Short-term on-the-job training OOH Content

Information and record clerks, all other

43-4199 High school diploma or equivalent None Short-term on-the-job training OOH Content

Cargo and freight agents

43-5011 High school diploma or equivalent None Short-term on-the-job training

Couriers and messengers

43-5021 High school diploma or equivalent None Short-term on-the-job training

Public safety telecommunicators

43-5031 High school diploma or equivalent None Moderate-term on-the-job training OOH Content

Dispatchers, except police, fire, and ambulance

43-5032 High school diploma or equivalent None Moderate-term on-the-job training

Meter readers, utilities

43-5041 High school diploma or equivalent None Short-term on-the-job training

Postal service clerks

43-5051 No formal educational credential None Short-term on-the-job training OOH Content

Postal service mail carriers

43-5052 No formal educational credential None Short-term on-the-job training OOH Content

Postal service mail sorters, processors, and processing machine operators

43-5053 No formal educational credential None Short-term on-the-job training OOH Content

Production, planning, and expediting clerks

43-5061 High school diploma or equivalent None Moderate-term on-the-job training OOH Content

Shipping, receiving, and inventory clerks

43-5071 High school diploma or equivalent None Short-term on-the-job training OOH Content

Weighers, measurers, checkers, and samplers, recordkeeping

43-5111 High school diploma or equivalent None Short-term on-the-job training OOH Content

Executive secretaries and executive administrative assistants

43-6011 High school diploma or equivalent Less than 5 years None OOH Content

Legal secretaries and administrative assistants

43-6012 High school diploma or equivalent None Moderate-term on-the-job training OOH Content

Medical secretaries and administrative assistants

43-6013 High school diploma or equivalent None Moderate-term on-the-job training OOH Content

Secretaries and administrative assistants, except legal, medical, and executive

43-6014 High school diploma or equivalent None Short-term on-the-job training OOH Content

Data entry keyers

43-9021 High school diploma or equivalent None Short-term on-the-job training

Word processors and typists

43-9022 High school diploma or equivalent None Short-term on-the-job training

Desktop publishers

43-9031 Associate's degree None Short-term on-the-job training OOH Content

Insurance claims and policy processing clerks

43-9041 High school diploma or equivalent None Moderate-term on-the-job training OOH Content

Mail clerks and mail machine operators, except postal service

43-9051 High school diploma or equivalent None Short-term on-the-job training

Office clerks, general

43-9061 High school diploma or equivalent None Short-term on-the-job training OOH Content

Office machine operators, except computer

43-9071 High school diploma or equivalent None Short-term on-the-job training

Proofreaders and copy markers

43-9081 Bachelor's degree None None

Statistical assistants

43-9111 Bachelor's degree None None

Office and administrative support workers, all other

43-9199 High school diploma or equivalent None Short-term on-the-job training

First-line supervisors of farming, fishing, and forestry workers

45-1011 High school diploma or equivalent Less than 5 years None

Agricultural inspectors

45-2011 Bachelor's degree None Moderate-term on-the-job training

Animal breeders

45-2021 High school diploma or equivalent None Short-term on-the-job training OOH Content

Graders and sorters, agricultural products

45-2041 No formal educational credential None Short-term on-the-job training

Agricultural equipment operators

45-2091 No formal educational credential None Moderate-term on-the-job training OOH Content

Farmworkers and laborers, crop, nursery, and greenhouse

45-2092 No formal educational credential None Short-term on-the-job training OOH Content

Farmworkers, farm, ranch, and aquacultural animals

45-2093 No formal educational credential None Short-term on-the-job training OOH Content

Agricultural workers, all other

45-2099 No formal educational credential None Short-term on-the-job training OOH Content

Fishing and hunting workers

45-3031 No formal educational credential None Moderate-term on-the-job training OOH Content

Forest and conservation workers

45-4011 High school diploma or equivalent None Moderate-term on-the-job training OOH Content

Fallers

45-4021 High school diploma or equivalent None Moderate-term on-the-job training OOH Content

Logging equipment operators

45-4022 High school diploma or equivalent None Moderate-term on-the-job training OOH Content

Log graders and scalers

45-4023 High school diploma or equivalent None Moderate-term on-the-job training OOH Content

Logging workers, all other

45-4029 High school diploma or equivalent None Moderate-term on-the-job training OOH Content

First-line supervisors of construction trades and extraction workers

47-1011 High school diploma or equivalent 5 years or more None

Boilermakers

47-2011 High school diploma or equivalent None Apprenticeship OOH Content

Brickmasons and blockmasons

47-2021 High school diploma or equivalent None Apprenticeship OOH Content

Stonemasons

47-2022 High school diploma or equivalent None Apprenticeship OOH Content

Carpenters

47-2031 High school diploma or equivalent None Apprenticeship OOH Content

Carpet installers

47-2041 No formal educational credential None Short-term on-the-job training OOH Content

Floor layers, except carpet, wood, and hard tiles

47-2042 No formal educational credential None Moderate-term on-the-job training OOH Content

Floor sanders and finishers

47-2043 No formal educational credential None Moderate-term on-the-job training OOH Content

Tile and stone setters

47-2044 No formal educational credential None Long-term on-the-job training OOH Content

Cement masons and concrete finishers

47-2051 No formal educational credential None Moderate-term on-the-job training OOH Content

Terrazzo workers and finishers

47-2053 High school diploma or equivalent None Apprenticeship OOH Content

Construction laborers

47-2061 No formal educational credential None Short-term on-the-job training OOH Content

Paving, surfacing, and tamping equipment operators

47-2071 High school diploma or equivalent None Moderate-term on-the-job training OOH Content

Pile driver operators

47-2072 High school diploma or equivalent None Moderate-term on-the-job training OOH Content

Operating engineers and other construction equipment operators

47-2073 High school diploma or equivalent None Moderate-term on-the-job training OOH Content

Drywall and ceiling tile installers

47-2081 No formal educational credential None Moderate-term on-the-job training OOH Content

Tapers

47-2082 No formal educational credential None Moderate-term on-the-job training OOH Content

Electricians

47-2111 High school diploma or equivalent None Apprenticeship OOH Content

Glaziers

47-2121 High school diploma or equivalent None Apprenticeship OOH Content

Insulation workers, floor, ceiling, and wall

47-2131 No formal educational credential None Short-term on-the-job training OOH Content

Insulation workers, mechanical

47-2132 High school diploma or equivalent None Apprenticeship OOH Content

Painters, construction and maintenance

47-2141 No formal educational credential None Moderate-term on-the-job training OOH Content

Paperhangers

47-2142 No formal educational credential None Long-term on-the-job training

Pipelayers

47-2151 No formal educational credential None Short-term on-the-job training

Plumbers, pipefitters, and steamfitters

47-2152 High school diploma or equivalent None Apprenticeship OOH Content

Plasterers and stucco masons

47-2161 No formal educational credential None Long-term on-the-job training

Reinforcing iron and rebar workers

47-2171 High school diploma or equivalent None Apprenticeship OOH Content

Roofers

47-2181 No formal educational credential None Moderate-term on-the-job training OOH Content

Sheet metal workers

47-2211 High school diploma or equivalent None Apprenticeship OOH Content

Structural iron and steel workers

47-2221 High school diploma or equivalent None Apprenticeship OOH Content

Solar photovoltaic installers

47-2231 High school diploma or equivalent None Moderate-term on-the-job training OOH Content

Helpers--brickmasons, blockmasons, stonemasons, and tile and marble setters

47-3011 No formal educational credential None Short-term on-the-job training OOH Content

Helpers--carpenters

47-3012 No formal educational credential None Short-term on-the-job training OOH Content

Helpers--electricians

47-3013 High school diploma or equivalent None Short-term on-the-job training OOH Content

Helpers--painters, paperhangers, plasterers, and stucco masons

47-3014 No formal educational credential None Short-term on-the-job training OOH Content

Helpers--pipelayers, plumbers, pipefitters, and steamfitters

47-3015 High school diploma or equivalent None Short-term on-the-job training OOH Content

Helpers--roofers

47-3016 No formal educational credential None Short-term on-the-job training OOH Content

Helpers, construction trades, all other

47-3019 No formal educational credential None Short-term on-the-job training OOH Content

Construction and building inspectors

47-4011 High school diploma or equivalent 5 years or more Moderate-term on-the-job training OOH Content

Elevator and escalator installers and repairers

47-4021 High school diploma or equivalent None Apprenticeship OOH Content

Fence erectors

47-4031 No formal educational credential None Moderate-term on-the-job training

Hazardous materials removal workers

47-4041 High school diploma or equivalent None Moderate-term on-the-job training OOH Content

Highway maintenance workers

47-4051 High school diploma or equivalent None Moderate-term on-the-job training

Rail-track laying and maintenance equipment operators

47-4061 High school diploma or equivalent None Moderate-term on-the-job training

Septic tank servicers and sewer pipe cleaners

47-4071 High school diploma or equivalent None Moderate-term on-the-job training

Miscellaneous construction and related workers

47-4090 High school diploma or equivalent None Moderate-term on-the-job training

Derrick operators, oil and gas

47-5011 No formal educational credential None Short-term on-the-job training

Rotary drill operators, oil and gas

47-5012 No formal educational credential None Moderate-term on-the-job training

Service unit operators, oil and gas

47-5013 No formal educational credential None Moderate-term on-the-job training

Excavating and loading machine and dragline operators, surface mining

47-5022 High school diploma or equivalent Less than 5 years Moderate-term on-the-job training

Earth drillers, except oil and gas

47-5023 High school diploma or equivalent Less than 5 years Long-term on-the-job training

Explosives workers, ordnance handling experts, and blasters

47-5032 High school diploma or equivalent Less than 5 years Long-term on-the-job training

Continuous mining machine operators

47-5041 No formal educational credential None Moderate-term on-the-job training

Roof bolters, mining

47-5043 High school diploma or equivalent None Moderate-term on-the-job training

Loading and moving machine operators, underground mining

47-5044 No formal educational credential None Short-term on-the-job training

Underground mining machine operators, all other

47-5049 No formal educational credential None Moderate-term on-the-job training

Rock splitters, quarry

47-5051 No formal educational credential None Short-term on-the-job training

Roustabouts, oil and gas

47-5071 No formal educational credential None Moderate-term on-the-job training

Helpers--extraction workers

47-5081 High school diploma or equivalent None Moderate-term on-the-job training

Extraction workers, all other

47-5099 High school diploma or equivalent None Moderate-term on-the-job training

First-line supervisors of mechanics, installers, and repairers

49-1011 High school diploma or equivalent Less than 5 years None

Computer, automated teller, and office machine repairers

49-2011 Some college, no degree None Short-term on-the-job training

Radio, cellular, and tower equipment installers and repairers

49-2021 Associate's degree None Moderate-term on-the-job training OOH Content

Telecommunications equipment installers and repairers, except line installers

49-2022 Postsecondary nondegree award None Moderate-term on-the-job training OOH Content

Avionics technicians

49-2091 Postsecondary nondegree award None None OOH Content

Electric motor, power tool, and related repairers

49-2092 High school diploma or equivalent Less than 5 years Moderate-term on-the-job training OOH Content

Electrical and electronics installers and repairers, transportation equipment

49-2093 Postsecondary nondegree award None Long-term on-the-job training OOH Content

Electrical and electronics repairers, commercial and industrial equipment

49-2094 Postsecondary nondegree award None Long-term on-the-job training OOH Content

Electrical and electronics repairers, powerhouse, substation, and relay

49-2095 Postsecondary nondegree award Less than 5 years Moderate-term on-the-job training OOH Content

Electronic equipment installers and repairers, motor vehicles

49-2096 High school diploma or equivalent None Moderate-term on-the-job training OOH Content

Audiovisual equipment installers and repairers

49-2097 Postsecondary nondegree award None Short-term on-the-job training

Security and fire alarm systems installers

49-2098 High school diploma or equivalent None Moderate-term on-the-job training

Aircraft mechanics and service technicians

49-3011 Postsecondary nondegree award None None OOH Content

Automotive body and related repairers

49-3021 High school diploma or equivalent None Long-term on-the-job training OOH Content

Automotive glass installers and repairers

49-3022 High school diploma or equivalent None Moderate-term on-the-job training OOH Content

Automotive service technicians and mechanics

49-3023 Postsecondary nondegree award None Short-term on-the-job training OOH Content

Bus and truck mechanics and diesel engine specialists

49-3031 High school diploma or equivalent None Long-term on-the-job training OOH Content

Farm equipment mechanics and service technicians

49-3041 High school diploma or equivalent None Long-term on-the-job training OOH Content

Mobile heavy equipment mechanics, except engines

49-3042 High school diploma or equivalent None Long-term on-the-job training OOH Content

Rail car repairers

49-3043 High school diploma or equivalent None Long-term on-the-job training OOH Content

Motorboat mechanics and service technicians

49-3051 High school diploma or equivalent None Long-term on-the-job training OOH Content

Motorcycle mechanics

49-3052 Postsecondary nondegree award None Short-term on-the-job training OOH Content

Outdoor power equipment and other small engine mechanics

49-3053 High school diploma or equivalent None Moderate-term on-the-job training OOH Content

Bicycle repairers

49-3091 High school diploma or equivalent None Moderate-term on-the-job training

Recreational vehicle service technicians

49-3092 High school diploma or equivalent None Long-term on-the-job training

Tire repairers and changers

49-3093 High school diploma or equivalent None Short-term on-the-job training

Mechanical door repairers

49-9011 High school diploma or equivalent None Moderate-term on-the-job training

Control and valve installers and repairers, except mechanical door

49-9012 High school diploma or equivalent None Moderate-term on-the-job training

Heating, air conditioning, and refrigeration mechanics and installers

49-9021 Postsecondary nondegree award None Long-term on-the-job training OOH Content

Home appliance repairers

49-9031 High school diploma or equivalent None Moderate-term on-the-job training

Industrial machinery mechanics

49-9041 High school diploma or equivalent None Long-term on-the-job training OOH Content

Maintenance workers, machinery

49-9043 High school diploma or equivalent None Long-term on-the-job training OOH Content

Millwrights

49-9044 High school diploma or equivalent None Apprenticeship OOH Content

Refractory materials repairers, except brickmasons

49-9045 High school diploma or equivalent None Moderate-term on-the-job training

Electrical power-line installers and repairers

49-9051 High school diploma or equivalent None Long-term on-the-job training OOH Content

Telecommunications line installers and repairers

49-9052 High school diploma or equivalent None Long-term on-the-job training OOH Content

Camera and photographic equipment repairers

49-9061 High school diploma or equivalent None Long-term on-the-job training

Medical equipment repairers

49-9062 Associate's degree None Moderate-term on-the-job training OOH Content

Musical instrument repairers and tuners

49-9063 High school diploma or equivalent None Apprenticeship

Watch and clock repairers

49-9064 High school diploma or equivalent None Long-term on-the-job training

Precision instrument and equipment repairers, all other

49-9069 High school diploma or equivalent None Long-term on-the-job training

Maintenance and repair workers, general

49-9071 High school diploma or equivalent None Moderate-term on-the-job training OOH Content

Wind turbine service technicians

49-9081 Postsecondary nondegree award None Long-term on-the-job training OOH Content

Coin, vending, and amusement machine servicers and repairers

49-9091 High school diploma or equivalent None Short-term on-the-job training

Commercial divers

49-9092 Postsecondary nondegree award None Moderate-term on-the-job training

Locksmiths and safe repairers

49-9094 High school diploma or equivalent None Long-term on-the-job training

Manufactured building and mobile home installers

49-9095 High school diploma or equivalent None Short-term on-the-job training

Riggers

49-9096 High school diploma or equivalent None Moderate-term on-the-job training

Signal and track switch repairers

49-9097 High school diploma or equivalent None Moderate-term on-the-job training

Helpers--installation, maintenance, and repair workers

49-9098 High school diploma or equivalent None Short-term on-the-job training

Installation, maintenance, and repair workers, all other

49-9099 High school diploma or equivalent None Moderate-term on-the-job training

First-line supervisors of production and operating workers

51-1011 High school diploma or equivalent Less than 5 years None

Aircraft structure, surfaces, rigging, and systems assemblers

51-2011 High school diploma or equivalent None Moderate-term on-the-job training OOH Content

Coil winders, tapers, and finishers

51-2021 High school diploma or equivalent None Moderate-term on-the-job training OOH Content

Electrical, electronic, and electromechanical assemblers, except coil winders, tapers, and finishers

51-2028 High school diploma or equivalent None Moderate-term on-the-job training OOH Content

Engine and other machine assemblers

51-2031 High school diploma or equivalent None Moderate-term on-the-job training OOH Content

Structural metal fabricators and fitters

51-2041 High school diploma or equivalent None Moderate-term on-the-job training OOH Content

Fiberglass laminators and fabricators

51-2051 High school diploma or equivalent None Moderate-term on-the-job training OOH Content

Timing device assemblers and adjusters

51-2061 High school diploma or equivalent None Moderate-term on-the-job training OOH Content

Miscellaneous assemblers and fabricators

51-2090 High school diploma or equivalent None Moderate-term on-the-job training OOH Content

Bakers

51-3011 No formal educational credential None Moderate-term on-the-job training OOH Content

Butchers and meat cutters

51-3021 No formal educational credential None Long-term on-the-job training OOH Content

Meat, poultry, and fish cutters and trimmers

51-3022 No formal educational credential None Short-term on-the-job training

Slaughterers and meat packers

51-3023 No formal educational credential None Short-term on-the-job training

Food and tobacco roasting, baking, and drying machine operators and tenders

51-3091 No formal educational credential None Moderate-term on-the-job training OOH Content

Food batchmakers

51-3092 High school diploma or equivalent None Moderate-term on-the-job training OOH Content

Food cooking machine operators and tenders

51-3093 High school diploma or equivalent None Moderate-term on-the-job training OOH Content

Food processing workers, all other

51-3099 No formal educational credential None Moderate-term on-the-job training OOH Content

Extruding and drawing machine setters, operators, and tenders, metal and plastic

51-4021 High school diploma or equivalent None Moderate-term on-the-job training OOH Content

Forging machine setters, operators, and tenders, metal and plastic

51-4022 High school diploma or equivalent None Moderate-term on-the-job training OOH Content

Rolling machine setters, operators, and tenders, metal and plastic

51-4023 High school diploma or equivalent None Moderate-term on-the-job training OOH Content

Cutting, punching, and press machine setters, operators, and tenders, metal and plastic

51-4031 High school diploma or equivalent None Moderate-term on-the-job training OOH Content

Drilling and boring machine tool setters, operators, and tenders, metal and plastic

51-4032 High school diploma or equivalent None Moderate-term on-the-job training OOH Content

Grinding, lapping, polishing, and buffing machine tool setters, operators, and tenders, metal and plastic

51-4033 High school diploma or equivalent None Moderate-term on-the-job training OOH Content

Lathe and turning machine tool setters, operators, and tenders, metal and plastic

51-4034 High school diploma or equivalent None Moderate-term on-the-job training OOH Content

Milling and planing machine setters, operators, and tenders, metal and plastic

51-4035 High school diploma or equivalent None Moderate-term on-the-job training OOH Content

Machinists

51-4041 High school diploma or equivalent None Long-term on-the-job training OOH Content

Metal-refining furnace operators and tenders

51-4051 High school diploma or equivalent None Moderate-term on-the-job training OOH Content

Pourers and casters, metal

51-4052 High school diploma or equivalent None Moderate-term on-the-job training OOH Content

Model makers, metal and plastic

51-4061 High school diploma or equivalent None Moderate-term on-the-job training OOH Content

Patternmakers, metal and plastic

51-4062 High school diploma or equivalent None Moderate-term on-the-job training OOH Content

Foundry mold and coremakers

51-4071 High school diploma or equivalent None Moderate-term on-the-job training OOH Content

Molding, coremaking, and casting machine setters, operators, and tenders, metal and plastic

51-4072 High school diploma or equivalent None Moderate-term on-the-job training OOH Content

Multiple machine tool setters, operators, and tenders, metal and plastic

51-4081 High school diploma or equivalent None Moderate-term on-the-job training OOH Content

Tool and die makers

51-4111 Postsecondary nondegree award None Long-term on-the-job training OOH Content

Welders, cutters, solderers, and brazers

51-4121 High school diploma or equivalent None Moderate-term on-the-job training OOH Content

Welding, soldering, and brazing machine setters, operators, and tenders

51-4122 High school diploma or equivalent None Moderate-term on-the-job training OOH Content

Heat treating equipment setters, operators, and tenders, metal and plastic

51-4191 High school diploma or equivalent None Moderate-term on-the-job training OOH Content

Layout workers, metal and plastic

51-4192 High school diploma or equivalent None Moderate-term on-the-job training

Plating machine setters, operators, and tenders, metal and plastic

51-4193 High school diploma or equivalent None Moderate-term on-the-job training OOH Content

Tool grinders, filers, and sharpeners

51-4194 High school diploma or equivalent None Moderate-term on-the-job training

Metal workers and plastic workers, all other

51-4199 High school diploma or equivalent None Moderate-term on-the-job training

Prepress technicians and workers

51-5111 Postsecondary nondegree award None None

Printing press operators

51-5112 High school diploma or equivalent None Moderate-term on-the-job training

Print binding and finishing workers

51-5113 High school diploma or equivalent None Moderate-term on-the-job training

Laundry and dry-cleaning workers

51-6011 No formal educational credential None Short-term on-the-job training

Pressers, textile, garment, and related materials

51-6021 No formal educational credential None Short-term on-the-job training

Sewing machine operators

51-6031 No formal educational credential None Short-term on-the-job training

Shoe and leather workers and repairers

51-6041 High school diploma or equivalent None Moderate-term on-the-job training

Shoe machine operators and tenders

51-6042 High school diploma or equivalent None Short-term on-the-job training

Sewers, hand

51-6051 No formal educational credential None Moderate-term on-the-job training

Tailors, dressmakers, and custom sewers

51-6052 No formal educational credential None Moderate-term on-the-job training

Textile bleaching and dyeing machine operators and tenders

51-6061 High school diploma or equivalent None Short-term on-the-job training

Textile cutting machine setters, operators, and tenders

51-6062 High school diploma or equivalent None Moderate-term on-the-job training

Textile knitting and weaving machine setters, operators, and tenders

51-6063 High school diploma or equivalent None Short-term on-the-job training

Textile winding, twisting, and drawing out machine setters, operators, and tenders

51-6064 High school diploma or equivalent None Moderate-term on-the-job training

Extruding and forming machine setters, operators, and tenders, synthetic and glass fibers

51-6091 High school diploma or equivalent None Moderate-term on-the-job training

Fabric and apparel patternmakers

51-6092 High school diploma or equivalent None Moderate-term on-the-job training

Upholsterers

51-6093 High school diploma or equivalent None Moderate-term on-the-job training

Textile, apparel, and furnishings workers, all other

51-6099 High school diploma or equivalent None Short-term on-the-job training

Cabinetmakers and bench carpenters

51-7011 High school diploma or equivalent None Moderate-term on-the-job training OOH Content

Furniture finishers

51-7021 High school diploma or equivalent None Short-term on-the-job training OOH Content

Model makers, wood

51-7031 High school diploma or equivalent None Moderate-term on-the-job training

Patternmakers, wood

51-7032 High school diploma or equivalent None Moderate-term on-the-job training

Sawing machine setters, operators, and tenders, wood

51-7041 High school diploma or equivalent None Moderate-term on-the-job training OOH Content

Woodworking machine setters, operators, and tenders, except sawing

51-7042 High school diploma or equivalent None Moderate-term on-the-job training OOH Content

Woodworkers, all other

51-7099 High school diploma or equivalent None Moderate-term on-the-job training

Nuclear power reactor operators

51-8011 High school diploma or equivalent None Long-term on-the-job training OOH Content

Power distributors and dispatchers

51-8012 High school diploma or equivalent None Long-term on-the-job training OOH Content

Power plant operators

51-8013 High school diploma or equivalent None Long-term on-the-job training OOH Content

Stationary engineers and boiler operators

51-8021 High school diploma or equivalent None Long-term on-the-job training OOH Content

Water and wastewater treatment plant and system operators

51-8031 High school diploma or equivalent None Long-term on-the-job training OOH Content

Chemical plant and system operators

51-8091 High school diploma or equivalent None Moderate-term on-the-job training

Gas plant operators

51-8092 High school diploma or equivalent None Long-term on-the-job training

Petroleum pump system operators, refinery operators, and gaugers

51-8093 High school diploma or equivalent None Moderate-term on-the-job training

Plant and system operators, all other

51-8099 High school diploma or equivalent None Moderate-term on-the-job training

Chemical equipment operators and tenders

51-9011 High school diploma or equivalent None Moderate-term on-the-job training

Separating, filtering, clarifying, precipitating, and still machine setters, operators, and tenders

51-9012 High school diploma or equivalent None Moderate-term on-the-job training

Crushing, grinding, and polishing machine setters, operators, and tenders

51-9021 High school diploma or equivalent None Moderate-term on-the-job training

Grinding and polishing workers, hand

51-9022 No formal educational credential None Moderate-term on-the-job training

Mixing and blending machine setters, operators, and tenders

51-9023 High school diploma or equivalent None Moderate-term on-the-job training

Cutters and trimmers, hand

51-9031 No formal educational credential None Short-term on-the-job training

Cutting and slicing machine setters, operators, and tenders

51-9032 High school diploma or equivalent None Moderate-term on-the-job training

Extruding, forming, pressing, and compacting machine setters, operators, and tenders

51-9041 High school diploma or equivalent None Moderate-term on-the-job training

Furnace, kiln, oven, drier, and kettle operators and tenders

51-9051 High school diploma or equivalent None Moderate-term on-the-job training

Inspectors, testers, sorters, samplers, and weighers

51-9061 High school diploma or equivalent None Moderate-term on-the-job training OOH Content

Jewelers and precious stone and metal workers

51-9071 High school diploma or equivalent None Long-term on-the-job training OOH Content

Dental laboratory technicians

51-9081 High school diploma or equivalent None Moderate-term on-the-job training OOH Content

Medical appliance technicians

51-9082 High school diploma or equivalent None Moderate-term on-the-job training OOH Content

Ophthalmic laboratory technicians

51-9083 High school diploma or equivalent None Moderate-term on-the-job training OOH Content

Packaging and filling machine operators and tenders

51-9111 High school diploma or equivalent None Moderate-term on-the-job training

Painting, coating, and decorating workers

51-9123 No formal educational credential None Moderate-term on-the-job training OOH Content

Coating, painting, and spraying machine setters, operators, and tenders

51-9124 High school diploma or equivalent None Moderate-term on-the-job training OOH Content

Semiconductor processing technicians

51-9141 High school diploma or equivalent None Moderate-term on-the-job training OOH Content

Photographic process workers and processing machine operators

51-9151 High school diploma or equivalent None Short-term on-the-job training

Computer numerically controlled tool operators

51-9161 High school diploma or equivalent None Moderate-term on-the-job training OOH Content

Computer numerically controlled tool programmers

51-9162 Postsecondary nondegree award None Moderate-term on-the-job training OOH Content

Adhesive bonding machine operators and tenders

51-9191 High school diploma or equivalent None Moderate-term on-the-job training

Cleaning, washing, and metal pickling equipment operators and tenders

51-9192 High school diploma or equivalent None Moderate-term on-the-job training

Cooling and freezing equipment operators and tenders

51-9193 High school diploma or equivalent None Moderate-term on-the-job training

Etchers and engravers

51-9194 High school diploma or equivalent None Moderate-term on-the-job training

Molders, shapers, and casters, except metal and plastic

51-9195 High school diploma or equivalent None Long-term on-the-job training

Paper goods machine setters, operators, and tenders

51-9196 High school diploma or equivalent None Moderate-term on-the-job training

Tire builders

51-9197 High school diploma or equivalent None Moderate-term on-the-job training

Helpers--production workers

51-9198 High school diploma or equivalent None Short-term on-the-job training

Production workers, all other

51-9199 High school diploma or equivalent None Moderate-term on-the-job training

Aircraft cargo handling supervisors

53-1041 High school diploma or equivalent Less than 5 years None

First-line supervisors of transportation and material moving workers, except aircraft cargo handling supervisors

53-1047 High school diploma or equivalent Less than 5 years None

Airline pilots, copilots, and flight engineers

53-2011 Bachelor's degree Less than 5 years Moderate-term on-the-job training OOH Content

Commercial pilots

53-2012 Postsecondary nondegree award None Moderate-term on-the-job training OOH Content

Air traffic controllers

53-2021 Associate's degree None Long-term on-the-job training OOH Content

Airfield operations specialists

53-2022 High school diploma or equivalent None Long-term on-the-job training

Flight attendants

53-2031 High school diploma or equivalent Less than 5 years Moderate-term on-the-job training OOH Content

Ambulance drivers and attendants, except emergency medical technicians

53-3011 High school diploma or equivalent None Moderate-term on-the-job training

Driver/sales workers

53-3031 High school diploma or equivalent None Short-term on-the-job training OOH Content

Heavy and tractor-trailer truck drivers

53-3032 Postsecondary nondegree award None Short-term on-the-job training OOH Content

Light truck drivers

53-3033 High school diploma or equivalent None Short-term on-the-job training OOH Content

Bus drivers, school

53-3051 High school diploma or equivalent None Short-term on-the-job training OOH Content

Bus drivers, transit and intercity

53-3052 High school diploma or equivalent None Moderate-term on-the-job training OOH Content

Shuttle drivers and chauffeurs

53-3053 No formal educational credential None Short-term on-the-job training OOH Content

Taxi drivers

53-3054 No formal educational credential None Short-term on-the-job training OOH Content

Motor vehicle operators, all other

53-3099 No formal educational credential None Short-term on-the-job training

Locomotive engineers

53-4011 High school diploma or equivalent Less than 5 years Moderate-term on-the-job training OOH Content

Rail yard engineers, dinkey operators, and hostlers

53-4013 High school diploma or equivalent None Moderate-term on-the-job training OOH Content

Railroad brake, signal, and switch operators and locomotive firers

53-4022 High school diploma or equivalent None Moderate-term on-the-job training OOH Content

Railroad conductors and yardmasters

53-4031 High school diploma or equivalent None Moderate-term on-the-job training OOH Content

Subway and streetcar operators

53-4041 High school diploma or equivalent None Moderate-term on-the-job training

Rail transportation workers, all other

53-4099 High school diploma or equivalent None Moderate-term on-the-job training

Sailors and marine oilers

53-5011 No formal educational credential None Moderate-term on-the-job training OOH Content

Captains, mates, and pilots of water vessels

53-5021 Postsecondary nondegree award Less than 5 years None OOH Content

Motorboat operators

53-5022 Postsecondary nondegree award Less than 5 years None OOH Content

Ship engineers

53-5031 Postsecondary nondegree award Less than 5 years None OOH Content

Bridge and lock tenders

53-6011 High school diploma or equivalent None Short-term on-the-job training

Parking attendants

53-6021 No formal educational credential None Short-term on-the-job training

Automotive and watercraft service attendants

53-6031 No formal educational credential None Short-term on-the-job training

Aircraft service attendants

53-6032 High school diploma or equivalent None Short-term on-the-job training

Traffic technicians

53-6041 High school diploma or equivalent None Moderate-term on-the-job training

Transportation inspectors

53-6051 High school diploma or equivalent None Moderate-term on-the-job training

Passenger attendants

53-6061 High school diploma or equivalent None Short-term on-the-job training

Transportation workers, all other

53-6099 High school diploma or equivalent None Short-term on-the-job training

Conveyor operators and tenders

53-7011 No formal educational credential None Short-term on-the-job training OOH Content

Crane and tower operators

53-7021 High school diploma or equivalent Less than 5 years Moderate-term on-the-job training OOH Content

Dredge operators

53-7031 High school diploma or equivalent None Moderate-term on-the-job training OOH Content

Hoist and winch operators

53-7041 No formal educational credential None Short-term on-the-job training OOH Content

Industrial truck and tractor operators

53-7051 No formal educational credential None Short-term on-the-job training OOH Content

Cleaners of vehicles and equipment

53-7061 No formal educational credential None Short-term on-the-job training OOH Content

Laborers and freight, stock, and material movers, hand

53-7062 No formal educational credential None Short-term on-the-job training OOH Content

Machine feeders and offbearers

53-7063 No formal educational credential None Short-term on-the-job training OOH Content

Packers and packagers, hand

53-7064 No formal educational credential None Short-term on-the-job training OOH Content

Stockers and order fillers

53-7065 High school diploma or equivalent None Short-term on-the-job training OOH Content

Gas compressor and gas pumping station operators

53-7071 High school diploma or equivalent None Moderate-term on-the-job training

Pump operators, except wellhead pumpers

53-7072 High school diploma or equivalent None Moderate-term on-the-job training

Wellhead pumpers

53-7073 High school diploma or equivalent Less than 5 years Moderate-term on-the-job training

Refuse and recyclable material collectors

53-7081 No formal educational credential None Short-term on-the-job training OOH Content

Tank car, truck, and ship loaders

53-7121 No formal educational credential None Short-term on-the-job training

Material moving workers, all other

53-7199 No formal educational credential None Short-term on-the-job training

Source: Employment Projections program, U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics

Last Modified Date: August 29, 2024